A double-triple silver automobile front windshield, a preparation equipment thereof and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of automotive glass manufacturing technology, specifically a double-triple silver automotive windshield, its preparation equipment, and its preparation method. It addresses the problems encountered during the roll forming of irregularly shaped curved glass, such as uneven pressure due to the difficulty of the pressure rollers adhering to the complex curved surface, glass fragility or film damage, difficulty in completely removing micro-bubbles, uneven temperature distribution in traditional preheating methods, and the susceptibility of the adhesive layer at the glass edges to moisture oxidation and the need for separate cleaning of burrs. The equipment features a liquid-retaining soft bladder filled with silicone oil on the pressure roller, utilizing the principle of liquid isobaric transmission to ensure the soft bladder adheres to the curved glass surface. The pressure roller is equipped with an exhaust mechanism with an ultrasonic ring transducer to remove micro-bubbles. A hollow optical fiber conduit is embedded within the liquid-retaining soft bladder for instantaneous localized heating of the contact surface. A subsequent station is equipped with a device with an elastic scraper to automatically remove excess adhesive and burrs from the glass edges. This equipment, used for roll forming of automotive windshields, improves the processing quality and yield of irregularly shaped curved glass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive glass manufacturing technology, and in particular to a double triple silver automotive windshield, its preparation equipment, and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component for vehicle safety and visibility, the performance requirements of automotive windshields are constantly increasing with the development of the automotive industry. Traditional automotive windshields are typically composed of two glass substrates bonded together with an intermediate adhesive layer, primarily providing structural support and visual transparency. With growing attention to in-vehicle comfort and energy conservation, coated glass with low-emissivity properties is increasingly being applied in the automotive field. Low-emissivity coated glass, through the deposition of multiple layers of metal or dielectric films on the glass surface, especially using a silver-based functional layer, can effectively reflect infrared heat radiation, reducing the amount of solar energy entering the vehicle interior and thus reducing the load on the air conditioning system.

[0003] Among numerous low-emissivity (LEE) coating structures, double-silver and triple-silver coatings have gained attention due to their excellent balance between visible light transmission and infrared reflection. However, applying double-silver or triple-silver structures to automotive windshields, which require bending and tempering, presents several challenges. Automotive windshields undergo high-temperature bending tempering to achieve specific curved shapes. This process involves high-temperature environments of several hundred degrees Celsius, imposing stringent requirements on the thermal and chemical stability of the coating layer. Many existing LEE coatings are prone to oxidation, agglomeration, or diffusion of the silver functional layer during high-temperature bending tempering, leading to coating failure or deterioration of optical performance. Furthermore, the coating designs for double-silver and triple-silver structures differ significantly. Existing technologies typically require separate coating schemes and production lines for each structure, lacking a universal coating design that can simultaneously accommodate both structures and adapt to bending tempering processes. This increases manufacturing costs and management complexity.

[0004] In the glass lamination process, the rolling and pressing of inner and outer glass sheets together with an intermediate adhesive layer is a crucial step in the manufacture of safety glass. For irregularly shaped curved glass that has undergone bending tempering, ensuring that the gas between the two glass sheets and the adhesive layer is completely expelled during the rolling process, and that the adhesive layer uniformly fills the interface, is a prerequisite for guaranteeing the optical uniformity and bonding strength of the final product.

[0005] Traditional rigid pressure rollers are difficult to fully conform to complex curved shapes, which can easily cause excessive local pressure leading to glass breakage, or insufficient pressure leading to residual air bubbles. At the same time, the sealing of the glass edges will also affect the performance of the adhesive layer in the subsequent high-pressure process. Exposure of the edges to air may cause the adhesive layer to become damp or oxidize, reducing the final bonding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the problems of high production costs in double / triple silver automotive windshield production lines, uneven rolling pressure leading to breakage of irregularly shaped curved glass, difficulty in removing micro-bubbles, uneven heating temperatures, and cumbersome edge processing. Targeted research and development was conducted to address these issues. During the research and development process, it was discovered that existing technologies cannot simultaneously meet the multiple demands of production flexibility, product quality, and production efficiency.

[0007] Based on existing conventional designs, this invention proposes a technical solution featuring universal film system compatibility, adaptive isobaric rolling, multi-field coordinated venting, fiber optic local heating, and integrated edge processing. The glass product adopts a universal film system architecture, allowing for switching between double-silver and triple-silver production lines by adjusting the number of silver-based functional units. A single production line is compatible with both types of products. The production equipment employs an adaptive rolling mechanism with a liquid-storage soft capsule and silicone oil isobaric transfer, fitting any irregular curved surface. A built-in ultrasonic ring transducer utilizes cavitation to thoroughly remove microbubbles. A hollow fiber optic light guide is embedded within the liquid-storage soft capsule to achieve instantaneous local heating. Edge sealing and residual adhesive removal are simultaneously completed using a sealing rubber ring and a follow-up elastic scraper. This invention presents a double-triple-silver automotive windshield, its manufacturing equipment, and its manufacturing method.

[0008] A double triple silver automotive windshield includes an inner glass substrate, an intermediate adhesive layer and an outer glass substrate stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside, with a coating functional layer provided between the inner glass substrate and the intermediate adhesive layer. The coating functional layer consists of a bottom protective layer, a general functional film system, and a top protective layer, which are stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside. The general-purpose functional membrane system includes at least two sets of silver-based functional units, with a dielectric combination layer disposed between two adjacent sets of silver-based functional units. Each set of silver-based functional units is provided with a seed layer, a silver functional layer and a barrier layer stacked sequentially from the inside out.

[0009] In one possible design, when the silver-based functional unit is set to two groups, the coating functional layer forms a double silver film layer structure, with the first silver functional layer closer to the inner glass substrate having a thickness range of 7nm-10nm and the second silver functional layer farther from the inner glass substrate having a thickness range of 8nm-12nm. When the silver-based functional unit is set to 3 groups, the coating functional layer forms a three-silver film layer structure. The thickness of the first silver functional layer from the inside to the outside ranges from 7nm to 12nm, the thickness of the second silver functional layer ranges from 12nm to 20nm, and the thickness of the third silver functional layer ranges from 8nm to 15nm. The seed layer is an aluminum-doped zinc oxide layer with a thickness ranging from 8 nm to 14 nm; The barrier layer is a nickel-chromium alloy layer with a thickness ranging from 0.3 nm to 0.8 nm.

[0010] In one possible design, the dielectric composite layer is provided with a first aluminum-doped zinc oxide sublayer, a zinc oxide tin sublayer, and a second aluminum-doped zinc oxide sublayer in a direction away from the inner glass substrate, forming a sandwich structure. When the coating functional layer is a double silver film layer structure, the thickness of the dielectric combination layer ranges from 60nm to 95nm, and the thickness of the zinc oxide tin layer ranges from 40nm to 70nm. When the coating functional layer is a three-silver film layer structure, the thickness of the first dielectric combination layer is in the range of 60nm-95nm, the thickness of the second dielectric combination layer is in the range of 70nm-100nm, and the thickness of the zinc oxide tin layer in the first dielectric combination layer is lower than the thickness of the zinc oxide tin layer in the second dielectric combination layer.

[0011] In one possible design, the top protective layer includes a smooth layer, a wear-resistant protective layer, and a sacrificial layer stacked sequentially. The smoothing layer is an aluminum-doped zinc oxide layer with a thickness ranging from 8 nm to 14 nm; The wear-resistant protective layer is a silicon nitride layer or a silicon aluminum zirconium nitride layer, with a thickness ranging from 15nm to 30nm. The sacrificial layer is a zirconium oxide layer or a niobium oxide layer, with a thickness ranging from 2 nm to 8 nm.

[0012] In one possible design, both the inner and outer glass substrates are made of ultra-white float tempered glass with a thickness ranging from 1.6 mm to 2.1 mm. The intermediate adhesive layer is either PVB film or SGP film, with a thickness ranging from 0.76mm to 1.52mm. The bottom protective layer is a silicon nitride layer or a silicon aluminum zirconium nitride layer, with a thickness ranging from 25nm to 40nm.

[0013] A preparation apparatus for rolling a double triple silver automotive windshield as described above, so as to bond the inner glass substrate, the outer glass substrate and the intermediate adhesive layer, includes two frame bodies I, and multiple conveying rollers I are rotatably arranged between the two frame bodies I. Adjacent two conveying rollers I are connected by a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt drive, and the multiple conveying rollers I are arranged in an arc shape. The two frame bodies I are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft and a pressure roller I is located above the plurality of conveying rollers I, and the pressure roller I is located directly above the position with the largest arc among the plurality of conveying rollers I; one of the frame bodies I is fixed with a drive motor, and the output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; The pressure roller I is provided with a roller pressing mechanism, which includes a liquid storage soft bag fixed to the outer wall of the pressure roller I and a hollow ring I fixed to both ends of the pressure roller I. The liquid storage soft bag is annular. The pressure roller I is equipped with an exhaust mechanism, which includes a mounting connecting rod and multiple ultrasonic ring transducers fixed to the bottom of the mounting connecting rod. The liquid storage soft capsule is composed of a high-temperature resistant inner liner, a skeleton support layer, and a protective outer cover layer arranged sequentially from the inside out; the protective outer cover layer is polyurethane or fluororubber; the skeleton support layer is a Kevlar fiber woven mesh; the high-temperature resistant inner liner is a high-temperature resistant silicone; multiple hollow optical fiber light guides are embedded in the skeleton support layer, and the hollow optical fiber light guides are arranged along the length of the liquid storage soft capsule, and the hollow optical fiber light guides are connected to an external power source through a rotating slip ring; a sealing rubber ring is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the liquid storage soft capsule.

[0014] In one possible design, the rolling mechanism further includes two hollow rings II fixed to one side of the two frames I that are close to each other, with the hollow rings II on the same side rotatably connected to the hollow rings I; the outer wall of the hollow ring II and the inner wall of the hollow ring I are respectively provided with annular gaps II and I, with the annular gaps II and I corresponding to each other to connect the hollow rings I and II; the hollow ring I and the liquid storage soft capsule are fixedly connected by multiple fluid communication pipes; the hollow rings I, II, and storage soft capsule are connected by multiple fluid communication pipes. The liquid-filled soft capsule is filled with silicone oil; annular plates I are fixed to the inner walls of both sides of the annular gap I, and the inner walls of the two annular plates I extend into the annular gap II. The sides of the two annular plates I that are far apart from each other are rotatably and sealingly connected to the corresponding inner walls of the annular gap II; annular plates II are fixed to the inner walls of the two annular plates I, and the outer walls of the two annular plates II are slidably and sealingly connected to the inner wall of the hollow ring II; a sealing annular plate is slidably and sealingly connected inside the hollow ring II, and the sealing annular plate is located on the side of the annular plate II that is far away from the liquid-filled soft capsule; Multiple fixing sleeves are fixed to the inner wall of the hollow ring II on the side away from the liquid storage soft bladder. Each fixing sleeve is slidably connected to a sliding rod. A fixing base plate is fixed to the end of each sliding rod near the liquid storage soft bladder, and the fixing base plate abuts against the sealing annular plate. A pressure sensing sensor is fixedly embedded on the side of the fixing base plate near the sealing annular plate. An elastic element I is fixed between the fixing base plate and the inner wall of the hollow ring II via a spring seat. The elastic element I is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixing sleeves and the sliding rods. A fluid connecting pipe is fixedly inserted through the sealing annular plate, and a corrugated hose is fixedly connected to the side of the fluid connecting pipe away from the liquid storage soft bladder. A liquid injection pipe is fixedly inserted through the hollow ring II, and the end of the liquid injection pipe away from the fluid connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the corrugated hose away from the fluid connecting pipe. The end of the liquid injection pipe away from the fluid connecting pipe is connected to an external silicone oil source. Multiple rolling steel balls are rolled on the side of the hollow ring II near the liquid storage soft bladder, and the rolling steel balls abut against one end of the pressure roller I.

[0015] In one possible design, the exhaust mechanism further includes a rotating disk fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting connecting rod. One end of the pressure roller I has a circular hole, and the rotating disk is located inside the circular hole and rotatably engages with the inner wall of the circular hole. The pressure roller I has an internal cavity communicating with the circular hole. A limiting ring is fixed to the inner wall of the internal cavity on the side away from the rotating disk. One end of the mounting connecting rod extends into the limiting ring and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting ring through a rotating bearing. A mounting fixing disk is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting connecting rod, and the mounting fixing disk is fixedly connected to the corresponding side of the frame I away from the pressure roller I by bolts. An ultrasonic generator is provided on one side of the mounting fixing disk, and the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected to the ultrasonic ring transducer.

[0016] In one possible design, two frames II are also included, each located at one end of a corresponding frame I. Multiple conveying rollers II and pressure rollers II are rotatably connected between the two frames II. The multiple conveying rollers II are arranged in an arc shape, and adjacent conveying rollers II are connected by a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt. A rotary motor for driving the pressure roller II is provided on one side of one of the frames II. The pressure roller II is located above the multiple conveying rollers II, directly above the position where the arc of the multiple conveying rollers II is at its maximum. An annular airbag is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the pressure roller II, and the length of the annular airbag is less than the width of the glass. Two electric linear push rods are fixed to the opposite sides of the two frame bodies II. One end of the piston rod of each electric linear push rod slides through the frame body II and is fixed to a bearing plate. Both bearing plates are located directly below the pressure roller II and are positioned between the pressure roller II and the corresponding conveying roller II. Multiple sliding guide rods slide through the bearing plate. One end of each sliding guide rod is fixed to the same triangular scraper. An elastic element II is fixed between the triangular scraper and the bearing plate via a spring seat. The elastic element II is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding guide rod. Connecting plates are fixed to both sides of the triangular scraper. Rollers are rotatably connected to the opposite side of each connecting plate from the bearing plate.

[0017] A method for preparing a preparation device includes the following steps: S1. The inner glass substrate, the intermediate adhesive layer and the outer glass substrate are stacked in sequence on the arc-shaped conveyor roller I. The drive motor drives the pressure roller I to rotate through the rotating shaft. The liquid storage soft bag on its surface is filled with incompressible silicone oil. Using Pascal's principle, pressure is applied to the irregular curved surface of the glass to avoid stress concentration and reduce the risk of ultra-thin tempered glass breakage and the slippage and peeling of the coating functional layer. S2. When the pressure roller I rotates, the hollow optical fiber light guide tube generates infrared heat radiation after being connected to the infrared light source. This heats the glass surface by penetrating the high-temperature resistant inner lining and protective outer coating of the liquid storage soft bag, causing the intermediate adhesive layer to heat up and soften. S3. The ultrasonic generator drives the ultrasonic ring transducer in the cavity of the pressure roller I to generate megahertz vibration, which is transmitted to the interface through silicone oil and glass. The cavitation effect is used to remove bubbles and the ultrasonic thermal effect is used to soften the adhesive layer. S4. The sealing rubber rings at both ends of the liquid storage soft bag apply high linear pressure to the glass edge, causing the molten intermediate adhesive layer to be squeezed out laterally, forming a continuous sealing edge after cooling. S5. The glass assembly is conveyed to the conveyor roller II and pressure roller II station. The annular airbag of pressure roller II does not cover the edge of the glass. The electric linear push rod pushes the bearing plate so that the triangular scraper is in close contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the glass under the action of elastic element II. The rolling wheel limits the scraping and removes the burrs and dust of the cured intermediate adhesive layer overflowing from the edge. S6. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure of the sealing ring plate. When the volume of silicone oil in the reservoir fluctuates, the control system replenishes or releases silicone oil through the liquid injection pipe, corrugated hose and fluid connection pipe to maintain the rated oil pressure.

[0018] Beneficial effects: In this invention, a composite Low-E coating layer compatible with double-silver and triple-silver structures is adopted. By adjusting the number of silver-based functional units, the two film layer structures of double-silver and triple-silver can be switched without modifying the production line, reducing production input, improving production flexibility, and adapting to different vehicle models and market demands. The coating functional layer consists of a bottom protective layer, a general functional film system, and a top protective layer. Each layer works synergistically. The bottom protective layer blocks sodium ion migration and improves the adhesion between the film layer and the glass. The general functional film system optimizes optical performance and infrared reflection effect through the cooperation of seed layer, silver functional layer, barrier layer and dielectric combination layer. The top protective layer improves the wear resistance, weather resistance and scratch resistance of the film layer, and avoids problems such as peeling, scratches and color deviation of the coating layer during processing and use. In this invention, the roller pressing mechanism adopts the principle of pressure transmission through a liquid storage soft bag and silicone oil, which enables the pressure roller I to fully conform to the curved glass after bending and tempering, ensuring uniform pressure on all parts of the glass and avoiding the cracking of ultra-thin glass and shear slip damage to the internal coating layer caused by rigid extrusion. The hollow optical fiber light guide tube embedded in the liquid storage soft bag can provide instantaneous local heating to the glass, with high thermal efficiency and rapid heating. It can also make the temperature distribution of the curved glass uniform, promote the melting of the intermediate adhesive layer and the expulsion of air bubbles, and avoid the drawbacks of traditional external heating methods. In this invention, the ultrasonic ring transducer in the exhaust mechanism can generate high-frequency mechanical oscillations to break up tiny sealed air bubbles in the glass laminate. Combined with the pressure of the roller and the heating effect, the air bubbles are discharged, avoiding the problems of glass delamination and decreased optical performance caused by residual air bubbles. This improves the bonding quality and optical performance of the glass. The sealing rubber ring can apply local high linear pressure to the glass edge, causing the intermediate adhesive layer to form a self-sealing edge. This prevents the intermediate adhesive layer at the glass edge from contacting the air, preventing it from getting damp or oxidized before entering the autoclave, further improving the bonding quality. In this invention, the subsequent finishing station, through the cooperation of an electric linear push rod, elastic element II and triangular scraper, can automatically and accurately scrape off the excess glue and burrs extruded from the glass edge after rolling. At the same time, the rolling wheel provides guidance and limit, ensuring the quality and consistency of edge finishing, and improving the product appearance and dimensional accuracy.

[0019] This invention solves the technical problems of uneven bonding, residual air bubbles, and poor edge sealing faced by curved tempered irregular-shaped glass in the composite rolling process by using the working principles of roller pressing mechanism, ultrasonic venting and heating, and edge self-sealing and trimming. The liquid storage soft bag in the equipment maximizes the protection of the integrity of ultra-thin tempered glass and precision coating layer; the combination of ultrasonic waves and instantaneous local heating greatly improves venting efficiency and bonding quality; and the automatic pressure replenishment and edge scraping mechanism ensures the stability of the process and the yield of finished products. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a double-triple silver automotive windshield provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a preparation device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of a preparation device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the pressure roller I and the liquid storage soft bag of the preparation equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 5 For this Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 6 A three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the hollow ring I and the liquid storage soft capsule of the preparation device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A three-dimensional exploded cross-sectional view of the hollow ring II, hollow ring I, and annular plate I of a preparation device provided by the present invention; Figure 8 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the high-temperature resistant inner liner, the skeleton support layer, and the protective outer coating layer of a preparation device provided by the present invention; Figure 9 A three-dimensional exploded view of the fixed sleeve, sliding rod, and fixed substrate of a manufacturing device provided by the present invention; Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the mounting connecting rod and ultrasonic ring transducer of a preparation device provided by the present invention; Figure 11 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of frame I and frame II of a preparation device provided by the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the support plate and triangular scraper of the preparation device provided by the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Inner glass substrate; 2. Coated functional layer; 3. Intermediate adhesive layer; 4. Outer glass substrate; 5. Frame I; 6. Conveyor roller I; 7. Rotating shaft; 8. Pressure roller I; 9. Drive motor; 10. Liquid storage soft bag; 11. High-temperature resistant inner lining layer; 12. Skeleton support layer; 13. Protective outer coating layer; 14. Hollow fiber optic light guide tube; 15. Hollow ring I; 16. Fluid connecting pipe; 17. Hollow ring II; 18. Annular gap I; 19. Annular gap II; 20. Annular plate I; 21. Annular plate II; 22. Sealing annular plate; 23. Fixed sleeve; 24. Sliding rod; 25. Elastic element I; 26. Fixed base plate; 27. Pressure sensor; 28. Fluid connection pipe; 29. ​​Corrugated hose; 30. Liquid injection pipe; 31. Rolling steel ball; 32. Mounting plate; 33. Internal cavity; 34. Mounting connecting rod; 35. Rotating disk; 36. Ultrasonic generator; 37. Ultrasonic ring transducer; 38. Limiting ring; 39. Sealing rubber ring; 40. Frame II; 41. Conveying roller II; 42. Pressure roller II; 43. Electric linear actuator; 44. Bearing plate; 45. Sliding guide rod; 46. Triangular scraper; 47. Elastic element II; 48. Connecting plate; 49. Rolling wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0023] In one embodiment: Refer to Figure 1 A double-triple silver automotive windshield, relating to the field of automotive glass manufacturing technology, mainly includes an inner glass substrate 1, an intermediate adhesive layer 3, and an outer glass substrate 4 stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside. A coating functional layer 2 is provided between the inner glass substrate 1 and the intermediate adhesive layer 3. The coating functional layer 2 is designed as a composite low-emissivity coating layer compatible with double-silver and triple-silver structures. The coating functional layer 2 consists of a bottom protective layer, a general-purpose functional film system, and a top protective layer, which are stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside.

[0024] The general-purpose functional membrane system contains at least two sets of silver-based functional units, and a dielectric combination layer is disposed between two adjacent sets of silver-based functional units.

[0025] Each group of silver-based functional units is stacked from the inside out with a seed layer, a silver functional layer and a barrier layer. When there are 2 groups of silver-based functional units, the coating functional layer 2 forms a double silver film layer structure. When the silver-based functional unit is set to 3 groups, the coating functional layer 2 forms a triple silver film structure; this allows the same coating production line to flexibly produce double or triple silver products by controlling the number of deposition groups of the silver-based functional unit, thereby reducing equipment investment and product switching costs.

[0026] Specifically, both the inner glass substrate 1 and the outer glass substrate 4 are made of ultra-clear float tempered glass. The thickness of this type of glass is controlled between 1.6mm and 2.1mm, for example, 1.8mm or 2.0mm can be selected. Its intrinsic transmittance of visible light is not less than 90%, which provides the basis for the high transparency of the final product. This glass material needs to be adapted to the bending tempering processing requirements of automotive windshields, that is, it can be bent into shape at high temperature and cooled quickly to obtain the required strength.

[0027] The intermediate adhesive layer 3 can be any one of polyvinyl butyral film or ionic interlayer film, with a thickness ranging from 0.76 mm to 1.52 mm, such as 0.76 mm, 1.14 mm or 1.52 mm. The visible light transmittance of this adhesive layer is not less than 98% to meet the impact resistance and adhesion requirements of automotive safety glass.

[0028] The bottom protective layer is selected from at least one of silicon nitride layer or silicon aluminum zirconium nitride layer, or a composite layer of the two. The thickness of the bottom protective layer is between 25nm and 40nm, such as 30nm or 35nm. The main function of the bottom protective layer is to prevent sodium ions in the glass substrate from migrating to the functional film system. The migration of sodium ions will cause the performance of the silver functional layer to degrade. At the same time, the bottom protective layer provides a dense and flat film-forming substrate for the subsequently deposited silver functional layer, thereby improving the adhesion between the entire film layer and the glass substrate and ensuring that the film layer can withstand the test of the subsequent high-temperature bending tempering process.

[0029] Specifically, the seed layer is an aluminum-doped zinc oxide layer with a thickness ranging from 8nm to 14nm, such as 10nm or 12nm. The aluminum-doped zinc oxide seed layer can guide the uniform nucleation and growth of the silver functional layer. The epitaxial growth characteristics of the silver layer on the aluminum-doped zinc oxide layer help to improve the continuity and density of the silver layer. Seed layers that are too thin or too thick will affect the quality of the silver layer. The optimized seed layer can reduce the sheet resistance of the silver functional layer. At the same time, the seed layer can also optimize the optical performance of the entire film system and reduce color shift in reflected or transmitted light. The silver functional layer is the core functional layer for achieving low radiation and infrared reflection, and a high-purity elemental silver layer is used.

[0030] When the coating functional layer 2 is a double silver film layer structure, the thickness of the first silver functional layer close to the inner glass substrate 1 ranges from 7nm to 10nm, for example 8nm or 9nm; the thickness of the second silver functional layer away from the inner glass substrate 1 ranges from 8nm to 12nm, for example 10nm or 11nm. When the coating functional layer 2 is a three-silver film structure, the thickness of the first silver functional layer from the inside to the outside ranges from 7nm to 12nm, for example 9nm or 11nm; the thickness of the second silver functional layer ranges from 12nm to 20nm, for example 15nm or 18nm; and the thickness of the third silver functional layer ranges from 8nm to 15nm, for example 10nm or 13nm. The thickness of the silver functional layer varies at different positions to adapt to its different roles in the Fabry-Perot interferometer cavity, thereby achieving fine control over the entire spectral band (especially the visible and near-infrared bands).

[0031] The barrier layer is made of nickel-chromium alloy with a thickness ranging from 0.3 nm to 0.8 nm, such as 0.5 nm or 0.6 nm. This barrier layer is deposited on the upper surface of the silver functional layer. Nickel-chromium alloy is more reactive than silver. During the coating process and subsequent high-temperature tempering treatment, nickel-chromium alloy will be preferentially oxidized, thus acting as a sacrificial layer to protect the underlying silver functional layer from oxidation and corrosion. At the same time, the extremely thin barrier layer can improve the bonding force between the silver functional layer and the dielectric layer above it, and because of its extremely thin thickness, it will not have a significant negative impact on visible light transmittance.

[0032] Specifically, the dielectric composite layer is formed by sequentially stacking a first aluminum-doped zinc oxide sublayer, a zinc oxide tin sublayer, and a second aluminum-doped zinc oxide sublayer in the direction away from the inner glass sheet, thus forming a sandwich structure.

[0033] When the coating functional layer 2 is a double silver film layer structure, the total thickness of the dielectric combination layer ranges from 60nm to 90nm, for example 70nm or 80nm, and the thickness of the zinc oxide tin layer ranges from 40nm to 60nm, for example 50nm. In the three-silver film structure, the thickness of the first dielectric composite layer (located between the first silver functional layer and the second silver functional layer) ranges from 60 nm to 90 nm, the thickness of the second dielectric composite layer (located between the second silver functional layer and the third silver functional layer) ranges from 70 nm to 100 nm, and the thickness of the zinc oxide tin layer in the first dielectric composite layer is lower than that in the second dielectric composite layer. This differentiated design is to match the optical interference path length between different silver layers in the three-silver structure.

[0034] The dielectric composite layer, serving as a spacer between adjacent silver-based functional units, together with the silver functional layer, forms a Fabry-Perot interferometer cavity. By precisely controlling the optical thickness of the dielectric composite layer, it is possible to achieve anti-reflection of specific wavelengths (such as visible light) and reflection of other wavelengths (such as infrared light). At the same time, the dielectric composite layer also provides physical protection for the adjacent silver layers above and below. Its dense oxide structure can isolate oxygen and moisture, thereby improving the structural stability of the entire film during the high-temperature tempering process.

[0035] Specifically, the top protective layer includes a smoothing layer, a wear-resistant protective layer, and a sacrificial layer stacked in sequence. The smoothing layer is also made of aluminum-doped zinc oxide, with a thickness ranging from 8nm to 14nm, for example, 10nm.

[0036] This smoothing layer is used to optimize the surface smoothness of the top film layer and reduce light scattering caused by the roughness of the lower film layer, thereby ensuring that the glass has a transparent visual appearance. The wear-resistant protective layer is selected from at least one of silicon nitride layer or silicon aluminum zirconium nitride layer, with a thickness ranging from 15nm to 30nm, such as 20nm. The wear-resistant protective layer is one of the outermost structures of the coating functional layer 2. Its high hardness is used to resist scratches and wear that may be encountered during subsequent processing and use, and it can also resist chemical corrosion in the environment. The sacrificial layer is selected from at least one of zirconium oxide layer or niobium oxide layer, with a thickness ranging from 2nm to 8nm, such as 5nm. The sacrificial layer is the outermost layer of the top protective layer. During the high-temperature tempering process, this layer will preferentially react with the residual oxygen in the furnace and be oxidized, thereby protecting the wear-resistant protective layer and smoothing layer below it as well as the internal silver functional layer. In addition, the sacrificial layer itself has high chemical stability and mechanical strength, which can further improve the weather resistance and scratch resistance of the entire coating functional layer 2.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 A manufacturing apparatus for rolling the aforementioned double-triple silver automotive windshield glass to bond the inner glass substrate 1, outer glass substrate 4, and intermediate adhesive layer 3. The apparatus includes two frames I5, with multiple conveyor rollers I6 rotatably arranged between the two frames I5. These conveyor rollers I6 are arranged in an arc shape, and the radius of curvature of their arc matches the curvature of the tempered glass being processed. Adjacent conveyor rollers I6 are connected by synchronous pulleys and synchronous belts to ensure that all conveyor rollers I6 rotate synchronously and smoothly transport the glass. A rotating shaft 7 rotatably mounts a pressure roller I8, and the rotating shaft 7 and the pressure roller I8 are circumferentially fixedly connected by a flat key or spline. The two ends of the rotating shaft 7 are rotatably supported on two frames I5 by heavy-duty rolling bearings. The pressure roller I8 is located above multiple conveyor rollers I6, and directly above the position with the largest arc among the multiple conveyor rollers I6, i.e., the highest point of the arc-shaped conveyor track. A drive motor 9 is fixed to one side of one frame I5 via a frame, and the output shaft of the drive motor 9 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 7 via a coupling, used to drive the pressure roller I8 to rotate. Protective covers are fixed on both frames I5, covering the synchronous pulley and synchronous belt. A labyrinth seal structure is provided between the two ends of the pressure roller I8 and the hollow ring II17. The internal cavity 33 of the pressure roller I8 is a sealed cavity filled with inert gas or dry air.

[0038] Reference Figure 3 The pressure roller I8 is equipped with a roller pressing mechanism, which is used to enable the pressure roller I8 to conform to the irregular curved surface of the glass during the roller pressing process. The roller pressing mechanism includes a liquid storage soft bag 10 fixed to the outer wall of the pressure roller I8, and two hollow rings I15 fixed to both ends of the pressure roller I8. The liquid storage soft bag 10 is annular and completely covers the outer circumference of the pressure roller I8.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 8 The liquid-retaining soft capsule 10 is provided with a high-temperature resistant inner liner 11, a skeleton support layer 12, and a protective outer cover layer 13 from the inside out. The protective outer cover layer 13 is made of high-hardness, high-temperature resistant, and scratch-resistant polyurethane or fluororubber material. The skeleton support layer 12 is made of high-strength, tensile-resistant Kevlar fiber woven mesh to withstand the internal liquid pressure and provide shape constraint for the soft capsule. The high-temperature resistant inner liner 11 is made of high-temperature resistant silicone, which has good chemical compatibility with the silicone oil filled in the liquid-retaining soft capsule 10 and has sufficient elasticity. Multiple hollow fiber optic light guides 14 are embedded in the skeleton support layer 12, and these hollow fiber optic light guides 14 are arranged along the length of the liquid-retaining soft capsule 10. The optical fiber of the hollow optical fiber light guide tube 14 is led out to the outside through the internal cavity 33 of the pressure roller I8 and the hollow channel of the rotating shaft 7, and is connected to the rotor end of the rotating slip ring. The stator end of the rotating slip ring is connected to an external infrared light source, which is a high-power infrared laser generator. The external infrared beam is coupled into the hollow optical fiber light guide tube 14 through a high-power optical fiber rotary connector. In order to achieve uniform heating of the glass, the hollow optical fiber light guide tube 14 adopts a side-emitting optical fiber structure (or: the pressure roller I8 has a beam diffusion / reflection mirror structure corresponding to the end of the hollow optical fiber light guide tube along the length direction), so that the infrared thermal radiation can be uniformly transmitted to the glass surface along the length direction of the liquid storage soft bag 10.

[0040] Specifically, during the rolling process, the hollow optical fiber light guide tube 14 emits infrared thermal radiation after being energized. This radiation can directly penetrate the material of the liquid storage soft bag 10 and instantly and locally heat the glass surface in contact with the liquid storage soft bag 10. This heating method can promote the softening of the intermediate adhesive layer 3 and the discharge of residual gas at the glass-adhesive layer interface, and achieve preliminary bonding. Compared with the traditional method of relying on external ovens or hot air for overall heating, this method avoids the problems of low thermal efficiency and slow heating rate in the process of heat conduction from the glass surface to the interior. More importantly, it solves the problem of uneven temperature distribution caused by traditional heating methods on large curved glass, because the heating source acts directly on the contact area.

[0041] Reference Figures 3-7The roller pressing mechanism also includes two hollow rings II17 fixed on one side of the two frames I5 that are close to each other. The hollow rings II17 on the same side are rotatably connected to the hollow ring I15. Annular gaps II19 and I18 are respectively provided between the outer wall of the hollow ring II17 and the inner wall of the hollow ring I15, and the annular gaps II19 and I18 correspond to each other, forming a connecting channel to connect the internal space of the hollow ring I15 and the internal space of the hollow ring II17. The hollow ring I15 is fixedly connected to the liquid storage soft bag 10 through multiple fluid connecting pipes 16. Both ring II17 and the reservoir soft bladder 10 are filled with silicone oil. Annular plates I20 are fixed to the inner walls of both sides of the annular gap I18. The inner walls of both annular plates I20 extend into the interior of the annular gap II19. The sides of the two annular plates I20 that are far apart from each other form a sealed rotatable connection with the corresponding inner wall of the annular gap II19. An annular plate II21 is fixed to the inner wall of each of the two annular plates I20. The outer walls of both annular plates II21 form a sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of the hollow ring II17. The multi-layered annular plate structure increases the sealing performance when the hollow ring II17 and the hollow ring I15 rotate relative to each other, preventing silicone oil leakage.

[0042] Reference Figures 4-6 and Figure 9 A sealing annular plate 22 is slidably connected inside the hollow ring II 17. This sealing annular plate 22 is located on the side of the annular plate II 17 away from the liquid-retaining soft capsule 10. Multiple fixing sleeves 23 are fixed to the inner wall of the side of the hollow ring II 17 away from the liquid-retaining soft capsule 10. Each fixing sleeve 23 is slidably connected to a sliding rod 24. A fixing base plate 26 is fixed to the end of each sliding rod 24 near the liquid-retaining soft capsule 10. The fixing base plate 26 abuts against the sealing annular plate 22. A pressure sensing sensor 27 is fixedly embedded on the side of the fixing base plate 26 near the sealing annular plate 22 to detect the pressure applied by the sealing annular plate 22 to the fixing base plate 26. An elastic element I25 is fixed between the fixed base plate 26 and one inner wall of the hollow ring II 17 via a spring seat. The elastic element I25 is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed sleeve 23 and the sliding rod 24. The elastic element I25 is a compression spring. A fluid connection pipe 28 is fixedly inserted through the sealing ring plate 22. A corrugated hose 29 is fixedly connected to the side of the fluid connection pipe 28 away from the liquid storage soft bag 10. A liquid injection pipe 30 is fixedly inserted through the hollow ring II 17. The liquid injection pipe 30 is fixedly connected to the end of the corrugated hose 29 away from the fluid connection pipe 28. The end of the liquid injection pipe 30 away from the fluid connection pipe 28 is connected to an external silicone oil source.

[0043] Reference Figures 5-7Multiple rolling steel balls 31 are rolled on the side of the hollow ring II17 near the liquid storage soft bag 10. These rolling steel balls 31 abut against one end face of the pressure roller I8 to reduce the friction between the pressure roller I8 and the stationary hollow ring II17 when the pressure roller I8 rotates.

[0044] Specifically, during the roll forming and degassing of the tempered irregularly shaped glass, when the liquid reservoir 10 contacts the protruding parts of the glass surface, this local area is compressed, and the internal pressure increases. The silicone oil inside the liquid reservoir 10 will quickly and physically flow to the concave parts with lower pressure. This mechanism based on the principle of liquid isobaric transmission allows the external shape of the liquid reservoir 10 to completely fit and wrap around the complex curved surface of the glass, ensuring that the pressure force on each point on the glass surface is absolutely consistent. This avoids the ultra-thin glass from shattering or shear slip damage to the internal coating layer that is easily caused by rigid extrusion. When the silicone oil flows inside the liquid reservoir 10, some of the silicone oil will be injected into the hollow ring I 15 and hollow ring II 17 through the fluid connecting pipe 16. The flowing silicone oil will exert pressure on the sealing ring plate 22, pushing the sealing ring plate 22 away from the pressure roller I 8. When the sealing ring plate 22 moves, it compresses the elastic element I 25 through the fixed base plate 26. When the locally compressed area leaves the pressure roller I 8, the pressure on the liquid storage soft bag 10 is released, and the compressed elastic element I 25 will relax, pushing the sealing ring plate 22 to move closer to the pressure roller I 8, pushing the silicone oil back into the liquid storage soft bag 10, so that it returns to its initial shape. The pressure sensing sensor 27 continuously monitors the pressure applied by the sealing ring plate 22 to the fixed base plate 26. When the detected pressure value is lower than the preset threshold, it indicates that there may be a slight leakage of silicone oil or insufficient oil pressure in the system. At this time, the control system injects silicone oil into the cavity between the hollow ring II 17 and the hollow ring I 15 through the liquid injection pipe 30, the corrugated hose 29 and the fluid connection pipe 28 to ensure the stability of the oil pressure in the liquid storage soft bag 10 and ensure that it effectively and uniformly rolls the glass.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 A sealing rubber ring 39 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the liquid storage soft bag 10 near both ends. The sealing rubber ring 39 protrudes from the outer surface of the liquid storage soft bag 10. During the rolling process, the two sealing rubber rings 39 will apply a local high linear pressure to the edge of the glass. Since the intermediate adhesive layer 3 is in a molten or softened state under local heating, the local high linear pressure will cause the molten intermediate adhesive layer 3 to be slightly squeezed towards the edge of the glass, thereby forming a self-sealing edge at the edge of the glass. This self-sealing edge can effectively prevent the intermediate adhesive layer 3 at the edge of the glass from contacting the air, and prevent the adhesive layer from being affected by moisture or oxidation before entering the autoclave for final curing, thus affecting the final bonding quality.

[0046] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The pressure roller I8 is also equipped with an exhaust mechanism, which is used to remove tiny closed air bubbles between the inner glass substrate 1 and the intermediate adhesive layer 3 and between the intermediate adhesive layer 3 and the outer glass substrate 4 during the rolling process. It is difficult to completely remove these tiny and closed air bubbles by simply relying on physical pressing, especially during the lamination of curved glass. The exhaust mechanism includes a mounting connecting rod 34 and multiple ultrasonic ring transducers 37 fixed to the bottom of the mounting connecting rod 34.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 10 The exhaust mechanism includes a mounting plate 32, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting connecting rod 34. The mounting plate 32 is fixedly connected to the side of the corresponding frame I5 away from the pressure roller I8 by bolts, thereby fixing the mounting connecting rod 34 to the frame I5. An ultrasonic generator 36 is provided on one side of the mounting plate 32. The ultrasonic generator 36 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic ring transducer 37. A rotating plate 35 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting connecting rod 34. A circular hole is opened at one end of the pressure roller I8. The rotating plate 35 is located in the circular hole and forms a rotational fit with the inner wall of the circular hole. An internal cavity 33 is provided inside the pressure roller I8 and communicates with the circular hole. A limiting ring 38 is fixed on the inner wall of the internal cavity 33 away from the rotating plate 35. One end of the mounting connecting rod 34 extends into the limiting ring 38 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting ring 38 through a rotating bearing.

[0048] Specifically, when the pressure roller I8 rotates, the mounting connecting rod 34, rotating disk 35, limiting fixing ring 38, and ultrasonic ring transducer 37 remain stationary. Multiple ultrasonic ring transducers 37 fixed at the bottom of the mounting connecting rod 34 are located in the internal cavity 33 of the pressure roller I8. The ultrasonic generator 36 generates a high-frequency electrical signal, driving the ultrasonic ring transducer 37 to generate high-frequency mechanical vibration. This high-frequency vibration is transmitted to the glass-adhesive layer interface through the metal shell of the pressure roller I8 and the liquid silicone oil in the liquid storage soft bag 10. The energy of the ultrasonic wave causes the tiny bubbles at the interface to undergo cavitation and aggregation effects, increasing the volume of the bubbles and causing them to merge together. Finally, they are discharged from the edge of the adhesive layer or the interface gap. At the same time, the micro-friction and molecular motion generated by the ultrasonic vibration also generate heat, which helps to heat the adhesive layer and further promotes the degassing and initial bonding process.

[0049] In another embodiment: Refer to Figure 11It also includes two frames II40, which are located at one end of the corresponding frame I5, i.e., downstream in the glass-moving direction. Multiple conveying rollers II41 are rotatably connected between the two frames II40. These conveying rollers II41 are also arranged in an arc shape, and their arc and arrangement are consistent with those of conveying roller I6. Adjacent conveying rollers II41 are connected by synchronous pulleys and synchronous belts. A pressure roller II42 is rotatably connected between the two frames II40. A rotary motor for driving the pressure roller II42 is provided on one side of one of the frames II40. The pressure roller II42 is located above the multiple conveying rollers II41 and directly above the position where the arc of the multiple conveying rollers II41 is at its maximum. An annular airbag (not shown in the figure) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the pressure roller II42. The length of the annular airbag is less than the width of the glass being processed.

[0050] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 On the opposite sides of the two frames II 40, each is fixed with an electric linear actuator 43. One end of the piston rod of each electric linear actuator 43 slides through the corresponding frame II 40 and is fixed with a bearing plate 44. Both bearing plates 44 are located directly below the pressure roller II 42, specifically between the pressure roller II 42 and the corresponding conveyor roller II 41. Multiple sliding guide rods 45 slide through each bearing plate 44. One end of each sliding guide rod 45 is fixed with the same triangular scraper 46. An elastic element II 47 is fixed between the triangular scraper 46 and the bearing plate 44 via a spring seat. 7 is fitted on the outer wall of the sliding guide rod 45. The elastic element II 47 is a compression spring. The function of the elastic element II 47 is to apply a thrust to the triangular scraper 46 in a direction away from the electric linear push rod 43, that is, a thrust toward the edge of the glass. Through this thrust, the triangular scraper 46 can be closely attached to the edge of the glass. A connecting plate 48 is fixed on both sides of the triangular scraper 46. A rolling wheel 49 is rotatably connected to the side of each connecting plate 48 away from the bearing plate 44. The two rolling wheels 49 are used to limit and guide the side of the glass to prevent the triangular scraper 46 from tilting or getting stuck during the scraping of the adhesive layer or burrs.

[0051] Specifically, after the glass undergoes initial rolling and degassing at the station between conveyor roller I6 and pressure roller I8, it is conveyed to conveyor roller II41. Conveyor roller II41, pressure roller II42, and the annular airbag on pressure roller II42 work together to continue conveying the glass forward. Since the length of the annular airbag is less than the width of the glass, the left and right edges of the glass are not covered by the airbag and are thus exposed. At this time, two electric linear push rods 43 push the bearing plate 44, causing the bearing plate 44 to drive the triangular scraper 46 close to the edge of the glass. Under the elastic force of elastic element II47, the triangular scraper 46 adheres tightly to the upper and lower surfaces of the glass, scraping away the molten intermediate adhesive layer 3 that overflows from the edge during the rolling process and any burrs that may exist. At the same time, the two rolling wheels 49 on both sides of the triangular scraper 46 contact the two sides of the glass respectively, providing guidance for the glass, ensuring the smooth progress of the scraping operation, and avoiding damage to the glass edge by the scraper.

[0052] It also includes a controller, which is a PLC or a microcontroller; the controller is electrically connected to the drive motor 9, the ultrasonic generator 36, the electric linear actuator 43 and the pressure sensor 27 respectively; the controller receives the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 27, and when the pressure signal is lower than the preset threshold, the controller controls the external silicone oil source to replenish silicone oil into the liquid storage soft bag 10 through the liquid injection pipe 30, and stops replenishing when the pressure signal recovers to the preset threshold; in addition, the controller controls the extension of the electric linear actuator 43 according to the displacement signal of the rolling wheel 49 so that the triangular scraper 46 always fits the edge of the glass.

[0053] A method for preparing a preparation device includes the following steps: S1. First, the inner glass substrate 1 (coated), the intermediate adhesive layer 3, and the outer glass substrate 4 are stacked sequentially to form a sandwich structure assembly. This assembly is then placed on multiple conveyor rollers I6 arranged in an arc shape. The arc arrangement of the conveyor rollers I6 is basically consistent with the curvature of the glass, ensuring that the glass assembly maintains a stable posture during transport. The drive motor 9 drives the pressure roller I8 to rotate via the rotating shaft 7. The liquid storage bladder 10 on the surface of the pressure roller I8 rotates accordingly and contacts the upper surface of the glass assembly. The liquid storage bladder 10 is filled with incompressible silicone oil through hollow ring I15, hollow ring II17, and fluid connecting pipe 16. When the protective outer coating 13 of the liquid storage bladder 10 contacts the protruding part of the glass, this local area is subjected to the reaction force of the glass, and the liquid storage bladder 10 undergoes elastic deformation at this point. The internal silicone oil pressure increases instantaneously. Due to the fluidity and isobaric transmission properties of the liquid, The high-pressure silicone oil flows rapidly through the continuous flow channel inside the reservoir 10 to the low-pressure area that contacts the concave part of the glass. This dynamic balance process causes the outer wall shape of the reservoir 10 to adjust adaptively, eventually completely fitting and wrapping the entire irregular curved surface of the glass. Under stable rolling pressure, the normal pressure from the reservoir 10 on each point of the glass surface is basically equal. Because the pressure of the silicone oil is transmitted isotropically, the pressure acting on the inner wall of the reservoir 10 and the pressure acting on the glass surface satisfy Pascal's principle. This equal pressure application method avoids the local stress concentration that inevitably occurs when rigid or simple elastic rollers come into contact with curved surfaces, thereby reducing the probability of ultra-thin tempered glass breaking at a thickness of 1.6mm to 2.1mm. At the same time, it avoids interlayer slippage or peeling between the coating functional layer 2 and the glass substrate due to excessive local shear force. S2. While the pressure roller I8 is rotating, the hollow fiber optic light guide tube 14 embedded in the skeleton support layer 12 of the liquid storage soft bag 10 is connected to an external power source and energized through a rotating slip ring. The hollow fiber optic light guide tube 14 generates thermal radiation with a wavelength in the infrared band. This radiation directly penetrates the high-temperature resistant inner liner 11 and the protective outer coating 13 of the liquid storage soft bag 10 and is absorbed by the glass surface. Since the radiant heating only acts on the local area where the liquid storage soft bag 10 contacts the glass, and the heat is directly transferred to the interface, the heating rate is fast and the thermal efficiency is high. The heat absorbed by the glass surface is quickly conducted to the intermediate adhesive layer 3, raising its temperature above the glass transition temperature. The fluidity of the adhesive layer increases and the viscosity decreases. The softening of the adhesive layer is conducive to filling the micro-uneven areas on the glass surface and at the same time reducing the resistance to bubble movement. S3. An ultrasonic ring transducer 37 is installed in the internal cavity 33 of the pressure roller I8. This transducer is fixed to the frame I5 by the mounting connecting rod 34 and the mounting fixing plate 32 and does not rotate with the pressure roller I8. The ultrasonic generator 36 generates a high-frequency AC signal, which drives the ultrasonic ring transducer 37 to generate longitudinal mechanical vibration at the megahertz level. This vibration is transmitted to the interface between the glass and the adhesive layer through the metal shell of the pressure roller I8, the silicone oil in the liquid storage soft bag 10, and the glass substrate. When the ultrasonic wave propagates in the silicone oil and adhesive layer medium, during the negative half-cycle of the sound pressure, tiny air nuclei or cavities in the liquid will... Rapid expansion forms cavitation bubbles; during the positive half-cycle of the sound pressure, the cavitation bubbles are rapidly compressed until they implode. The implosion of the cavitation bubbles instantly generates local high temperature and high pressure shock waves. The micro-jet of this shock wave can dislodge tiny bubbles attached to the glass or adhesive layer surface from the interface. At the same time, multiple adjacent cavitation bubbles will merge under the drive of ultrasound to form larger bubbles. Under the subsequent rolling pressure and adhesive layer flow, the large bubbles are more easily pushed to the glass edge and discharged. When the ultrasonic vibration propagates in the medium, part of its mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, i.e., the ultrasonic thermal effect. This heat further assists in softening and activating the adhesive layer. S4. During the rolling process, the sealing rubber rings 39 at both ends of the liquid storage soft bag 10 come into contact with the glass edge. Due to the local convex structure of the rubber ring, the linear pressure applied to the glass edge is higher than the surface pressure of the main body area of ​​the liquid storage soft bag 10. The higher linear pressure causes the intermediate adhesive layer 3 in the molten state to be extruded laterally to the glass edge. After cooling, the extrudate forms a continuous sealing edge. This sealing edge completely fills the edge gap between the inner and outer glass substrates 4 and the adhesive layer, isolating the external air. S5. After initial rolling and venting at the conveyor roller I6 and pressure roller I8 stations, the glass assembly is conveyed to the downstream station consisting of conveyor roller II41 and pressure roller II42. An annular airbag is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of pressure roller II42. The length of this annular airbag is less than the width of the glass assembly. Therefore, when pressure roller II42 rotates and presses down on the glass assembly, the left and right edges of the glass assembly are not covered by the airbag. The electric linear push rod 43 pushes the bearing plate 44 closer to the glass edge. The triangular scraper 46 on the bearing plate 44, connected by a sliding guide rod 45 and an elastic element II47, adheres tightly to the upper surface of the glass assembly under the pushing force of the elastic element II47. On the lower surface, the elastic element II 47 provides sufficient but not excessive contact pressure. The triangular scraper 46 removes the burrs of the cured intermediate adhesive layer 3 that overflows from the glass edge during the rolling process, as well as any dust or debris that may be attached to the edge. The rolling wheels 49, which are rotatably connected to both sides of the triangular scraper 46, contact the side of the glass assembly. The rolling wheels 49 roll on the side of the glass to laterally limit the scraper and prevent it from tilting inward or outward due to uneven force, thereby ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the scraping operation. After scraping, the edge of the glass assembly is neat and free of residual adhesive, and it can directly enter the subsequent autoclave process for final curing. S6. During equipment operation, the pressure sensor 27 continuously monitors the pressure applied by the sealing ring plate 22 to the fixed base plate 26. When the silicone oil inside the liquid storage soft bag 10 fluctuates in volume due to a slight leakage or temperature change, the sealing ring plate 22 moves under the action of the elastic element I 25, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 27 changes. When the pressure value is lower than the preset threshold, the control system injects silicone oil into the cavity of the hollow ring II 17 and the hollow ring I 15 through the liquid injection pipe 30, the corrugated hose 29 and the fluid connection pipe 28. The increased silicone oil pushes the sealing ring plate 22 to move away from the liquid storage soft bag 10, thereby restoring the rated oil pressure inside the liquid storage soft bag 10. When the pressure value is higher than the preset threshold, the control system can briefly open the pressure relief channel. This closed-loop pressure maintenance mechanism ensures that the liquid storage soft bag 10 maintains the best expansion state and isobaric transmission characteristics at any working time.

[0054] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the pressure sensor 27, ultrasonic ring transducer 37, ultrasonic generator 36, electric linear actuator 43, hollow optical fiber light guide tube 14, and drive motor 9 are all conventional means or common knowledge, and will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0055] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-triple silver automotive windshield, comprising an inner glass substrate (1), an intermediate adhesive layer (3), and an outer glass substrate (4) stacked sequentially from the inside out, wherein a coating functional layer (2) is provided between the inner glass substrate (1) and the intermediate adhesive layer (3), characterized in that, The coating functional layer (2) consists of a bottom protective layer, a general functional film system and a top protective layer, which are stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside. The general-purpose functional membrane system includes at least two sets of silver-based functional units, with a dielectric combination layer disposed between two adjacent sets of silver-based functional units. Each set of silver-based functional units is provided with a seed layer, a silver functional layer and a barrier layer stacked sequentially from the inside out.

2. A double-triple silvered automotive windshield according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the silver-based functional unit is set to 2 groups, the coating functional layer (2) forms a double silver film layer structure. The thickness of the first silver functional layer close to the inner glass substrate (1) is 7nm-10nm, and the thickness of the second silver functional layer far from the inner glass substrate (1) is 8nm-12nm. When the silver-based functional unit is set to 3 groups, the coating functional layer (2) forms a three-silver film layer structure. The thickness range of the first silver functional layer from the inside to the outside is 7nm-12nm, the thickness range of the second silver functional layer is 12nm-20nm, and the thickness range of the third silver functional layer is 8nm-15nm. The seed layer is an aluminum-doped zinc oxide layer with a thickness ranging from 8 nm to 14 nm; The barrier layer is a nickel-chromium alloy layer with a thickness ranging from 0.3 nm to 0.8 nm.

3. A double-triple silvered automotive windshield according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dielectric composite layer is provided with a first aluminum-doped zinc oxide sublayer, a zinc oxide tin sublayer and a second aluminum-doped zinc oxide sublayer in a direction away from the inner glass substrate (1) to form a sandwich structure. When the coating functional layer (2) is a double silver film layer structure, the thickness of the dielectric combination layer is 60nm-95nm and the thickness of the zinc oxide tin layer is 40nm-70nm. When the coating functional layer (2) is a three-silver film layer structure, the thickness range of the first dielectric combination layer is 60nm-95nm, the thickness range of the second dielectric combination layer is 70nm-100nm, and the thickness of the zinc oxide tin layer in the first dielectric combination layer is lower than the thickness of the zinc oxide tin layer in the second dielectric combination layer.

4. A double-triple silvered automotive windshield according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top protective layer comprises a smooth layer, a wear-resistant protective layer, and a sacrificial layer stacked sequentially. The smoothing layer is an aluminum-doped zinc oxide layer with a thickness ranging from 8 nm to 14 nm; The wear-resistant protective layer is a silicon nitride layer or a silicon aluminum zirconium nitride layer, with a thickness ranging from 15nm to 30nm. The sacrificial layer is a zirconium oxide layer or a niobium oxide layer, with a thickness ranging from 2 nm to 8 nm.

5. A double silvered automotive windshield according to claim 3, wherein, The inner glass substrate (1) and the outer glass substrate (4) are both ultra-white float tempered glass with a thickness ranging from 1.6mm to 2.1mm. The intermediate adhesive layer (3) is either a PVB film or an SGP film, with a thickness ranging from 0.76 mm to 1.52 mm. The bottom protective layer is a silicon nitride layer or a silicon aluminum zirconium nitride layer, with a thickness ranging from 25nm to 40nm.

6. A preparation apparatus for rolling a double-triple silver automotive windshield as described in claim 5, so as to bond the inner glass substrate (1), the outer glass substrate (4), and the intermediate adhesive layer (3), characterized in that, It includes two frame bodies I (5), and multiple conveying rollers I (6) are rotatably arranged between the two frame bodies I (5). Adjacent conveying rollers I (6) are connected by synchronous pulleys and synchronous belts. The multiple conveying rollers I (6) are arranged in an arc shape. The two frame bodies I (5) are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft (7) with the same pressure roller I (8) above the plurality of conveying rollers I (6), and the pressure roller I (8) is located directly above the position with the largest arc among the plurality of conveying rollers I (6); one of the frame bodies I (5) is fixed with a drive motor (9), and the output shaft of the drive motor (9) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (7); The pressure roller I (8) is provided with a roller pressing mechanism, which includes a liquid storage soft bag (10) fixed on the outer wall of the pressure roller I (8) and a hollow ring I (15) fixed at both ends of the pressure roller I (8). The liquid storage soft bag (10) is annular. The pressure roller I (8) is provided with an exhaust mechanism, which includes a mounting connecting rod (34) and a plurality of ultrasonic ring transducers (37) fixed to the bottom of the mounting connecting rod (34). The liquid storage soft capsule (10) is composed of a high-temperature resistant inner liner (11), a skeleton support layer (12), and a protective outer cover layer (13) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside; the protective outer cover layer (13) is polyurethane or fluororubber; the skeleton support layer (12) is Kevlar fiber woven mesh; the high-temperature resistant inner liner (11) is high-temperature resistant silicone; multiple hollow fiber optic light guides (14) are embedded in the skeleton support layer (12), the hollow fiber optic light guides (14) are arranged along the length direction of the liquid storage soft capsule (10), and the hollow fiber optic light guides (14) are connected to an external power source through a rotating slip ring; a sealing rubber ring (39) is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the liquid storage soft capsule (10).

7. A preparation device according to claim 6, characterised in that The roller pressing mechanism also includes two hollow rings II (17) fixed on one side of the two frames I (5) close to each other. The hollow rings II (17) on the same side are rotatably connected to the hollow ring I (15). The outer wall of the hollow ring II (17) and the inner wall of the hollow ring I (15) are respectively provided with annular gaps II (19) and I (18). The annular gaps II (19) and I (18) correspond to each other and are used to connect the hollow ring I (15) and the hollow ring II (17). The hollow ring I (15) and the liquid storage soft capsule (10) are fixedly connected by multiple fluid communication pipes (16). The hollow ring I (15), the hollow ring II (17) and the liquid storage soft capsule (10) are connected by multiple fluid communication pipes (16). 10) Both are filled with silicone oil; both sides of the annular gap I (18) are fixed with annular plates I (20), and the inner walls of the two annular plates I (20) extend into the annular gap II (19). The two annular plates I (20) are sealed and rotatably connected to the corresponding inner wall of the annular gap II (19) on the opposite side; both annular plates I (20) are fixed with annular plates II (21), and the outer walls of the two annular plates II (21) are sealed and slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow ring II (17); a sealing annular plate (22) is sealed and slidably connected inside the hollow ring II (17), and the sealing annular plate (22) is located on the side of the annular plate II (21) away from the liquid storage soft bag (10); Multiple fixing sleeves (23) are fixed to the inner wall of the hollow ring II (17) away from the liquid storage soft bag (10). Each of the multiple fixing sleeves (23) is slidably connected to a sliding rod (24). Each of the multiple sliding rods (24) is fixed to a fixing base plate (26) at one end near the liquid storage soft bag (10). The fixing base plate (26) abuts against the sealing ring plate (22). A pressure sensing sensor (27) is fixedly embedded on the side of the fixing base plate (26) near the sealing ring plate (22). An elastic element I (25) is fixed between the fixing base plate (26) and the inner wall of the hollow ring II (17) through a spring seat. The elastic element I (25) is sleeved on the fixing sleeve (23) and the sliding rod (24). The outer wall of the rod (24); a fluid connecting pipe (28) is fixedly inserted through the sealing ring plate (22), and a corrugated hose (29) is fixedly connected to the side of the fluid connecting pipe (28) away from the liquid storage soft bag (10); a liquid injection pipe (30) is fixedly inserted through the hollow ring II (17), and the liquid injection pipe (30) is fixedly connected to the end of the corrugated hose (29) away from the fluid connecting pipe (28), and the end of the liquid injection pipe (30) away from the fluid connecting pipe (28) is connected to the external silicone oil source; a plurality of rolling steel balls (31) are rolled on the side of the hollow ring II (17) near the liquid storage soft bag (10), and the rolling steel balls (31) abut against one end of the pressure roller I (8).

8. A preparation device according to claim 7, characterized in that The exhaust mechanism also includes a rotating disk (35) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting connecting rod (34). One end of the pressure roller I (8) is provided with a circular hole. The rotating disk (35) is located in the circular hole and rotates with the inner wall of the circular hole. The pressure roller I (8) is provided with an internal cavity (33) communicating with the circular hole. A limiting ring (38) is fixed on the inner wall of the side of the internal cavity (33) away from the rotating disk (35). One end of the mounting connecting rod (34) extends into the limiting ring (38) and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting ring (38) through a rotating bearing. The outer wall of the mounting connecting rod (34) is fixedly sleeved with a mounting fixing disk (32). The mounting fixing disk (32) is fixedly connected to the side of the corresponding frame I (5) away from the pressure roller I (8) by bolts. An ultrasonic generator (36) is provided on one side of the mounting fixing disk (32). The ultrasonic generator (36) is electrically connected to the ultrasonic ring transducer (37).

9. A preparation device according to claim 8, characterised in that It also includes two frames II (40), which are located at one end of the corresponding frame I (5). Multiple conveying rollers II (41) and pressure rollers II (42) are rotatably connected between the two frames II (40). The multiple conveying rollers II (41) are arranged in an arc shape. Adjacent conveying rollers II (41) are connected by synchronous pulleys and synchronous belts. A rotating motor for driving the pressure rollers II (42) is provided on one side of one of the frames II (40). The pressure rollers II (42) are located above the multiple conveying rollers II (41) and are located directly above the position of the maximum arc of the multiple conveying rollers II (41). An annular airbag is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the pressure rollers II (42). The length of the annular airbag is less than the width of the glass. Electric linear actuators (43) are fixed to the opposite sides of the two frame bodies II (40). One end of the piston rod of each electric linear actuator (43) slides through the frame body II (40) and is fixed with a bearing plate (44). The two bearing plates (44) are located directly below the pressure roller II (42) and are located between the pressure roller II (42) and the corresponding conveying roller II (41). Multiple sliding guide rods (45) slide through the bearing plate (44). One end of each of the multiple sliding guide rods (45) is fixed with the same triangular scraper (46). An elastic element II (47) is fixed between the triangular scraper (46) and the bearing plate (44) through a spring seat. The elastic element II (47) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding guide rod (45). Connecting plates (48) are fixed on both sides of the triangular scraper (46). Rolling wheels (49) are rotatably connected to the side of each of the two connecting plates (48) away from the bearing plate (44).

10. A method of preparing a device according to claim 9, wherein Includes the following steps: S1. The inner glass substrate (1), the intermediate adhesive layer (3) and the outer glass substrate (4) are stacked in sequence on the arc-shaped conveyor roller I (6). The drive motor (9) drives the pressure roller I (8) to rotate through the rotating shaft (7). The liquid storage soft bag (10) on its surface is filled with incompressible silicone oil. The Pascal principle is used to apply pressure to the irregular curved surface of the glass to avoid stress concentration and reduce the risk of ultra-thin tempered glass cracking and the coating functional layer (2) slipping and peeling. S2. When the pressure roller I (8) rotates, the hollow fiber optic light guide tube (14) generates infrared heat radiation after being connected to the infrared light source. It penetrates the high-temperature resistant inner lining (11) and protective outer covering (13) of the liquid storage soft bag (10) to heat the glass surface, causing the intermediate adhesive layer (3) to heat up and soften. S3, The ultrasonic generator (36) drives the ultrasonic ring transducer (37) in the cavity (33) of the pressure roller I (8) to generate megahertz vibration, which is transmitted to the interface through silicone oil and glass, and uses the cavitation effect to peel off the bubbles and the ultrasonic thermal effect to soften the adhesive layer. S4. The sealing rubber rings (39) at both ends of the liquid storage soft bag (10) apply high linear pressure to the glass edge, causing the molten intermediate adhesive layer (3) to be extruded laterally and formed a continuous sealing edge after cooling. S5. The glass assembly is conveyed to the conveyor roller II (41) and pressure roller II (42) station. The annular airbag of pressure roller II (42) does not cover the edge of the glass. The electric linear push rod (43) pushes the bearing plate (44) so ​​that the triangular scraper (46) is in close contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the glass under the action of the elastic element II (47). The rolling wheel (49) is limited and scrapes off the burrs and dust of the cured intermediate adhesive layer (3) overflowing from the edge. S6. Pressure sensor (27) monitors the pressure of sealing ring plate (22). When the volume of silicone oil in the reservoir soft bag (10) fluctuates, the control system replenishes or releases silicone oil through liquid injection pipe (30), corrugated hose (29) and fluid connection pipe (28) to maintain rated oil pressure.

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