Passive yawing floating foundation and wind power plant

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of offshore floating wind power technology, specifically relating to a passive yaw floating foundation and wind power equipment. One end of the elastic cable is connected to the floating platform, and the other end passes through a buffer deformable float and connects to a moorable floating assembly. Both the buffer deformable float and the elastic cable can shorten as the distance between the floating platform and the floating assembly decreases, and the elastic cable can lengthen as the distance between the floating platform and the floating assembly increases. The passive yaw floating foundation of this invention not only satisfies passive yaw but also effectively prevents entanglement accidents between the elastic cable and the floating platform or floating assembly under extreme working conditions, ensuring no collision accidents between the floating platform and the floating assembly, and effectively reducing the mutual force influence between the floating platform and the floating assembly under extreme working conditions. This effectively ensures the safety of the passive yaw floating foundation and greatly reduces its self-weight and installation difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of offshore floating wind power technology, specifically relating to a passive yaw floating foundation and wind power equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Passive yaw is a technology that utilizes natural environmental forces (wind, waves, and currents) to automatically keep a floating wind turbine platform and the turbine above it facing the wind, without relying on an active control system or drive motor. Under the combined force of wind, waves, and currents, the entire floating platform will naturally rotate around the mooring point or floating body like a weathervane until the nacelle faces the wind, minimizing the yaw moment and thus achieving automatic alignment with the wind direction.

[0003] Semi-submersible floating platforms are the most widely used due to their good stability and adaptability to passive yaw. When the wind direction changes, the force acting on the wind turbine rotor generates a moment that causes the floating platform to yaw. Since the mooring system allows rotation (especially single-point mooring), this moment will drive the entire floating platform, along with its tower and wind turbine, to rotate until the rotor faces the wind head-on. At this point, the yaw moment generated by the wind load is essentially zero, and the system reaches a new equilibrium.

[0004] Currently, passive yaw is mainly applied to single-point mooring, which involves using one or more mooring cables to moor the floating wind turbine platform at one point to achieve passive yaw. Commonly used passive yaw technology involves rigidly connecting a transfer floating platform to the stern side of the floating platform via a connecting structure. For example, patent application CN110985308A discloses an offshore foundation structure and offshore wind turbine system, with mooring cables connecting the transfer floating platform, thus achieving passive yaw.

[0005] However, because the transfer platform and the floating platform are rigidly connected in the horizontal direction, the mutual force between the transfer platform and the floating platform has a significant impact under extreme working conditions. As a result, the transfer platform is very heavy. And because the transfer platform and the floating platform are rigidly connected in the horizontal direction, the weight of the transfer platform also affects the overall weight of the floating platform, making it heavy and costly. It also causes great difficulties in installation. Therefore, the existing rigid passive yaw floating foundation is costly and difficult to implement.

[0006] If steel cables are used as the connecting parts between the transfer platform and the floating platform, they are prone to sudden breakage in extreme cases, and there is also the problem of entanglement accidents such as steel cables getting tangled around the transfer platform or the floating platform. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, which is that the rigid connection between the transfer platform and the floating platform in the horizontal direction results in a heavy overall weight and high cost, and also causes great difficulties in installation. If steel cables are used as the connecting parts between the transfer platform and the floating platform, they are prone to instantaneous breakage in extreme cases, and there is also the problem of steel cables getting entangled in the transfer platform or the floating platform. The invention provides a passive yaw floating foundation and wind power equipment.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a passive yaw floating foundation, comprising a floating platform and an elastic cable, one end of which is connected to the floating platform and the other end of which passes through a buffer deformable float and is connected to a moorable float assembly; both the buffer deformable float and the elastic cable can shorten as the distance between the floating platform and the float assembly decreases, and the elastic cable can also lengthen as the distance between the floating platform and the float assembly increases.

[0009] The passive yaw floating foundation of this invention allows the floating body assembly to be moored within a certain sea state area during use. Since the elastic cable connects the floating body assembly and the floating platform, serving as the primary force transmission component between them, the elastic cable constrains the floating platform to rotate around the floating body assembly under wind conditions. This ensures that when the floating platform is used as the installation foundation for a floating wind turbine, one side of the floating platform faces the wind directly. Consequently, the passive yaw floating foundation of this invention can drive the wind turbine on it to achieve passive yaw, thus ensuring power generation efficiency.

[0010] Building upon the aforementioned passive yaw objective, the elastic cable, passing through the buffer deformable float, further limits the degree of lateral deformation of the buffer deformable float toward the elastic cable, ensuring that the buffer deformable float remains between the float assembly and the floating platform. The elastic cable and buffer deformable float work together to prevent the elastic cable from tangling with the floating platform or float assembly under extreme conditions. They also effectively prevent accidents where the float assembly and the floating platform collide. Moreover, the buffer deformable float can limit the swing amplitude of the elastic cable with the wind and waves under certain conditions, greatly alleviating the stress on the elastic cable and optimizing its stress distribution.

[0011] Moreover, the elastic cable can stretch elastically when the floating platform and floating body components change rapidly, thus avoiding the breakage of the connecting parts between the floating platform and floating body components under such conditions. This allows the floating platform to absorb the rapidly increasing external forces of wind and waves through self-adaptation, instead of relying mainly on the tension of the connecting parts between the floating platform and floating body components to overcome and absorb the rapidly increasing external forces of wind and waves. This greatly reduces the stress requirements of the elastic cable as a connecting part between the floating platform and floating body components, and also greatly reduces the cost of the elastic cable.

[0012] Meanwhile, the elastic cable, as the main connector between the floating platform and the floating body assembly, can float on the water surface by relying on the buoyancy of the buffer deformable float, which greatly reduces the impact of the elastic cable's self-weight on the floating platform and the floating body assembly. The total weight of the elastic cable and the buffer deformable float is lighter and easier to install than the existing rigid connection structure. Moreover, both the buffer deformable float and the elastic cable can shorten as the distance between the floating platform and the floating body assembly decreases, and the elastic cable can also lengthen as the distance between the floating platform and the floating body assembly increases, thereby effectively reducing the mutual force influence between the floating platform and the floating body assembly under extreme working conditions.

[0013] In summary, the passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention not only satisfies the requirement of passive yaw but also, through the coordinated action of the buffer deformable float and the elastic cable, effectively prevents entanglement accidents between the elastic cable and the floating platform or float assembly under extreme conditions. It also ensures that no collisions occur between the floating platform and the float assembly, and effectively reduces the mutual force influence between the floating platform and the float assembly under extreme conditions. This effectively guarantees the safety of the passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention and, compared to existing technologies, significantly reduces the self-weight and installation difficulty of passive yaw floating foundations.

[0014] Preferably, the buffer deformable float is provided with a first deformable cavity; the first deformable cavity is open at both ends in the vertical direction; along the length direction of the elastic cable, the net width L1 of the first deformable cavity can increase or decrease with the distance between the floating platform and the float assembly.

[0015] In the above scheme, when the net width of the first deformation cavity increases or decreases, the fluid inside the first deformation cavity can be smoothly exchanged with the external fluid, so as to avoid the fluid inside the first deformation cavity from having a destructive effect on the function or structure of the buffer deformation float under the state of rapid stretching or rapid compression.

[0016] Preferably, there are at least two first deformation cavities, and all of the first deformation cavities are arranged along the length direction of the elastic cable.

[0017] Preferably, the buffer deformable float comprises a plurality of annular float structures connected in series, the inner side of which encloses the first deformable cavity; an arc-shaped member is connected between adjacent annular float structures, the arc-shaped member is located outside the annular float structure, and the arc-shaped member and the annular float structure connected thereto together enclose a second deformable cavity; along the length direction of the elastic cable, the net width L2 of the second deformable cavity can increase or decrease with the distance between the floating platform and the float assembly.

[0018] The second deformation cavity is formed by the arc-shaped component and the annular floating structure connected to it, which makes the deformation degree of each segment of the buffer deformation float tend to be uniform along the length of the elastic cable, thereby extending the service life of the buffer deformation float.

[0019] In the above scheme, the first deformation cavity serves as the main deformation cavity, and the second deformation cavity serves as the auxiliary deformation cavity. The first and second deformation cavities are staggered along the length of the elastic cable to form at least two levels of deformation cavity arrangement of different sizes, which more effectively ensures that the elastic cable does not become entangled with the floating platform or floating body assembly, and effectively prevents accidents of collision between the floating body assembly and the floating platform.

[0020] Preferably, the cross-section of one side of the annular floating structure is a hollow annular structure. Based on the first deformation cavity, the annular floating structure is made into a hollow annular structure, so that the structure is lighter and has less impact on the downward external force of the elastic cable without affecting the structural deformation.

[0021] Preferably, the cross-section of the arc-shaped component is a hollow annular structure, which makes the structure lighter and has less impact on the downward external force of the elastic cable without affecting structural deformation.

[0022] Preferably, the annular floating structure is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the elastic cable.

[0023] Preferably, the arc-shaped components located on both sides of the elastic cable are symmetrically arranged; Preferably, the arc-shaped member is convex outward in a direction away from the elastic cable.

[0024] Preferably, adjacent first deformation cavities share a portion of sidewalls, the end of the sidewalls protrudes radially from the first deformation cavity along the elastic cable, an arc-shaped member is connected between the ends of adjacent sidewalls, and adjacent sidewalls, arc-shaped members and corresponding annular floating structures form a second deformation cavity, the second deformation cavity being located outside the first deformation cavity.

[0025] Preferably, the annular float structure is provided with a through hole adapted to the elastic cable, and the elastic cable passes through the through hole.

[0026] Preferably, the elastic cable is connected to at least a portion of the annular float structure. This increases the interaction between the annular float structure and the elastic cable, thereby enabling the buffered deformation float and the elastic cable to achieve a better synergistic effect.

[0027] Preferably, the elastic cable slides into at least a portion of the annular float structure. This increases the radial interaction between the annular float structure and the elastic cable, while reducing the longitudinal interaction along the elastic cable. This not only allows for better coordination between the buffered, deformable float and the elastic cable, but also provides a certain displacement margin between the annular float structure and the elastic cable, preventing excessive tensile forces on localized areas of the annular float structure under extreme conditions.

[0028] Preferably, the elastic cable passes through the first deformation cavity.

[0029] Preferably, the elastic cable is located in the lower part of the first deformation cavity.

[0030] Preferably, the elastic cable is located at the upper part of the first deformation cavity.

[0031] Preferably, the buffer deformable float is connected to the floating platform.

[0032] Preferably, the buffer deformable float is connected to the float assembly.

[0033] Preferably, the buffer deformable float is connected to both the floating platform and the float assembly, and the buffer deformable float can also grow as the distance between the floating platform and the float assembly increases.

[0034] The buffer deformable float is connected to the floating platform and the float assembly respectively. It can work with the elastic cable to better prevent the elastic cable from getting entangled with the floating platform or the float assembly. At the same time, the elastic cable applies the main tension to the floating platform. The buffer deformable float can also grow as the distance between the floating platform and the float assembly increases to prevent the buffer deformable float from being torn apart under extreme working conditions.

[0035] Meanwhile, the buffer deformable float and elastic cable, as connectors between the floating platform and the float assembly, can float on the water surface by relying on the buoyancy of the buffer deformable float itself, which greatly reduces the impact of the self-weight of the buffer deformable float and elastic cable on the floating platform and float assembly. Compared with the existing rigid connection structure, it is lighter and easier to install. Moreover, since the buffer deformable float and elastic cable can grow or shorten with the distance between the floating platform and the float assembly, the mutual force influence between the floating platform and the float assembly under extreme working conditions is effectively reduced.

[0036] In summary, the passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention, while fulfilling its function as a load-bearing structure for a floating wind turbine, effectively prevents entanglement accidents between the elastic cable and the floating platform or floating body components under extreme operating conditions through the coordinated action of the buffer deformable float and the elastic cable. It also ensures that no collision accidents occur between the elastic cable and the floating platform or floating body components, and effectively reduces the mutual stress influence between the floating platform and floating body components under extreme operating conditions. This effectively guarantees the high safety of the passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention, and compared with existing technologies, it reduces the self-weight and installation difficulty of passive yaw floating foundations.

[0037] Preferably, the buffer deformable float and the elastic cable are connected to the floating platform at different locations. This at least two-point connection effectively limits the relative rotation between the floating platform and the elastic cable, thereby further preventing entanglement accidents between the elastic cable and the floating platform.

[0038] Preferably, the buffer deformable float and the elastic cable are connected to the float assembly at different locations. This at least two-point connection effectively limits the relative rotation between the float assembly and the elastic cable, thereby further preventing entanglement accidents between the elastic cable and the float assembly.

[0039] Preferably, the floating platform is connected to the buffer deformable float on both sides of its horizontal connection point with the elastic cable, through at least three points. The floating platform has connections to both the floating platform and the buffer deformable float on both sides of its connection point with the elastic cable, effectively limiting the degree of relative rotation between the floating platform and the elastic cable in different directions. This further enhances the prevention of entanglement accidents between the elastic cable and the floating platform.

[0040] Preferably, the float assembly is connected to the buffer deformable float on both sides of its horizontal connection point with the elastic cable. By establishing at least three connections, and ensuring that the float assembly and the buffer deformable float are connected on both sides of its connection point with the elastic cable, the relative rotation between the float assembly and the elastic cable in different directions can be effectively limited. This further enhances the prevention of entanglement accidents between the elastic cable and the float assembly.

[0041] Preferably, the elastic cable is symmetrically arranged corresponding to the connection position of the buffer deformable float and the floating platform.

[0042] Preferably, the connection positions of the buffer deformable float and the float assembly are symmetrically arranged with respect to the elastic cable.

[0043] Preferably, the material used to make the buffer deformable float includes high-density polyethylene.

[0044] In the above scheme, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has the characteristics of high density, high strength, chemical resistance, moisture resistance, and good plasticity. It also exhibits good corrosion resistance and flexibility. The material used to manufacture the buffer deformable float includes HDPE, making the buffer deformable float suitable for repeated expansion and contraction deformation in marine environments.

[0045] Preferably, the annular floating structure is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the elastic cable.

[0046] Preferably, at least one section of the elastic cable is a nylon rope. Nylon ropes typically elongate to 10%-30% of their original length under stress, absorbing significant impact energy like a rubber band. When the rigid float and floating platform suddenly move or sway due to wind, waves, swells, or passing vessels, the elasticity of the nylon rope can gently absorb these dynamic loads, preventing dangerous instantaneous sharp tension. This greatly protects the rigid float, floating platform, and wind power facilities, and also prevents damage to the elastic cable due to rigid tension.

[0047] Furthermore, nylon itself possesses high tensile strength, capable of withstanding very high tensile forces; its wear resistance is relatively good, able to withstand friction with cushioned and deformed floating bodies; it is lighter than anchor chains, easier to maintain, and within its elastic range, it can withstand multiple stretching and recovery cycles, exhibiting superior fatigue resistance compared to many other synthetic fiber ropes. It also boasts a long service life and reasonable overall cost.

[0048] Preferably, the floating body assembly includes a rigid floating body and at least one mooring cable for mooring the rigid floating body, and the buffer deformable floating body is disposed between the floating platform and the rigid floating body.

[0049] Preferably, along the length of the elastic cable, the distance between the rigid float and the floating platform is L0; along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the elastic cable, the maximum width of the buffer deformable float is W0; K1=L0 / W0, K1≤5, W0≥12m; along the height direction, the maximum height of the buffer deformable float is H0≤2m.

[0050] Preferably, the rigid float is provided with a through hole, and the integral structure formed by the elastic cable and the mooring cable passing through the through hole and being movable along the length of the through hole.

[0051] In the above scheme, the elastic cable and at least one mooring cable are allowed to connect to form a whole, which can move relative to the rigid float within a certain range. Since the elastic cable is arranged along the water surface, while one end of the mooring cable extends into the sea, there must be an angle between the elastic cable and the mooring cable. This angle will cause horizontal force components and reaction forces between the whole formed by the elastic cable and the mooring cable and the rigid float. Combined with the buffer deformable float connecting the floating platform and the rigid float, it achieves passive yaw while ensuring that the elastic cable and the mooring cable are subjected to consistent forces. When the increase in distance between the floating platform and the rigid float exceeds the elastic deformation length of the elastic cable, the elastic cable will adjust its length using part of the mooring cable's structure to prevent breakage. When the distance between the floating platform and the rigid float is less than the normal length of the elastic cable, the mooring cable can still tighten the elastic cable by its own weight, ensuring that the elastic cable is always in a tightened state during operation, thus preventing entanglement accidents between the elastic cable and the buffer deformable float that are not designed for this purpose.

[0052] Preferably, the rigid float comprises at least two float units, with a connecting portion connecting adjacent float units, and the through hole is provided on the connecting portion. This forms a dumbbell-shaped structure, which provides better stability.

[0053] Preferably, the buffer deformable float can abut against at least one float unit on each side of the connecting part. This arrangement can increase the resistance to the rotation of the buffer deformable float and the rigid float to a certain extent, and better achieve the effect of preventing collision and entanglement between the buffer deformable float and the rigid float.

[0054] Preferably, the buffer deformable float can be connected to at least one float unit on each side of the connecting part. This arrangement can increase the resistance to the rotation between the buffer deformable float and the rigid float to a certain extent, and better achieve the effect of preventing collision and entanglement between the buffer deformable float and the rigid float.

[0055] Preferably, the buffer deformable float can be connected to and abut against at least one float unit on each side of the connecting part. This arrangement can increase the resistance to the rotation of the buffer deformable float and the rigid float to a certain extent, and better achieve the effect of preventing collision and entanglement between the buffer deformable float and the rigid float.

[0056] Preferably, the rigid float is provided with a first steering device, and the elastic cable and mooring cable are connected to form an integral unit that rolls in cooperation with the first steering device.

[0057] Preferably, the rigid float is further provided with a second steering device, and the integral structure formed by the connection of the elastic cable and the mooring cable passes through the through hole after passing around the second steering device and the first steering device in sequence.

[0058] Preferably, the end of the elastic cable furthest from the floating platform is connected to a rigid float; the mooring cable is connected to the rigid float. In this case, the elastic cable and the mooring cable are connected through the rigid float and transmit their mutual forces.

[0059] Preferably, a third steering device is provided on the side of the floating platform near the buffer deformable float, a cable fixing device is provided on the top of the floating platform, and a fourth steering device is also connected to the part of the floating platform located between the third steering device and the cable fixing device. The end of the elastic cable near the floating platform passes through the third steering device and the fourth steering device in sequence and is connected to the cable fixing device.

[0060] Preferably, the mooring cable includes a variable stiffness release structure and a first cable arranged in series. The variable stiffness release structure includes a spring in a compressed state, and the compression of the spring increases during the elongation of the mooring cable.

[0061] The passive yaw floating foundation of this invention describes a spring in a compressed state, meaning the spring initially possesses the required compression and initial compressive force. When an external force (e.g., wind or wave force) acts on the rigid float, the variable stiffness-release structure bears the tension of the rigid float or the elastic cable on the mooring cable. When the tension is small, it cannot completely overcome the initial compressive force of the variable stiffness-release structure. In this case, the total elongation of the mooring cable is 0 or very small, thus ensuring reliable transmission of tension and controlling the displacement of the floating platform within a predetermined range under normal operating conditions. When encountering large wave impacts or occasional peak loads, the floating platform... The tension of the variable-stiffness release cable completely overcomes the initial compressive force of the variable-stiffness release structure, causing the cable to elongate. At this point, the floating platform is allowed to undergo a large displacement, and the compressive force of the spring gradually increases. That is, the force balance of the floating platform changes from mainly relying on the elastic compressive force of the variable-stiffness release cable to partially utilizing the inertial force of the floating structure itself to achieve balance. Compared with cables without springs, this can significantly reduce the peak cable tension, further reducing the specifications and cost of the cable and anchor structure. Furthermore, because the elastic cable and the variable-stiffness release structure are connected in series, this measure can also further reduce the specifications and cost of the elastic cable.

[0062] Preferably, the uppermost first cable is connected to the rigid float.

[0063] Preferably, the uppermost first cable is connected to the elastic cable.

[0064] Preferably, the uppermost domain-variable rigidity release structure is connected to the rigid float.

[0065] Preferably, the uppermost domain-variable rigidity release structure is connected to the elastic cable.

[0066] Preferably, the variable stiffness release structure includes a first structure and a second structure that can move relative to each other, and the compression of the spring increases during the process of the mooring cable being extended by the relative movement of the first structure and the second structure.

[0067] The passive yaw floating foundation of this invention comprises a spring in a compressed state, meaning that the spring initially possesses the required compression and has an initial compressive force. When an external force (e.g., wind or wave force) acts on the rigid float, the variable-rigidity release structure bears the tension of the rigid float on the mooring cable. When the tension is small, it cannot completely overcome the initial compressive force of the variable-rigidity release structure. At this time, the relative displacement between the first and second structures is 0 or very small, thus ensuring reliable transmission of tension under normal operating conditions and controlling the displacement of the rigid float within a predetermined range. When encountering large wave impacts or occasional peak loads, the tension of the rigid float on the variable rigidity release cable completely overcomes the initial compressive force of the variable rigidity release structure, and the variable rigidity release cable elongates. At this time, the rigid float is allowed to undergo large displacement, and the compressive force of the spring gradually increases. That is, the force balance of the rigid float changes from mainly relying on the elastic compressive force of the variable rigidity release cable to partially utilizing the inertial force of the floating structure itself to achieve balance. Compared with springless cables, it can significantly reduce the peak cable tension, further reducing the specifications and cost of cables and anchors.

[0068] Preferably, one of the first structure and the second structure includes a first cylinder and the other includes a first rod; the first cylinder has an inner cavity, one end of the inner cavity is provided with a first limiting part, one end of the first rod extends into the inner cavity after passing through the first limiting part, the portion of the first rod located in the inner cavity is connected to a second limiting part, the spring is sleeved on the outside of the first rod, one end of the spring abuts against the first limiting part, and the other end of the spring abuts against the second limiting part.

[0069] Preferably, it further includes a thrust device, which is movable relative to the first cylinder in a first direction, the first direction being the relative movement direction between the first structure and the second structure. The thrust device is fixed relative to the first structure, and the thrust device abuts against the side of the second limiting portion away from the spring.

[0070] Preferably, the system further includes a third structure and a fourth structure spaced apart along the length of the third rod. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the third rod and is located between the third and fourth structures. One end of the spring abuts against the third structure, and the other end abuts against the fourth structure. The third rod can drive the fourth structure to move closer to the third structure along the length of the third rod. The third rod is located between at least two fourth rods. The third rod is connected to and passes through the fourth structure. The fourth rod is connected to and passes through the third structure.

[0071] Preferably, the third structure is provided with a first through hole for the third rod to pass through; the third rod is provided with a third limiting part, one side of which abuts against the spring and the other side of which abuts against the fourth structure; the third rod is also connected to a first connecting structure, the first connecting structure abuts against the side of the fourth structure away from the spring.

[0072] Preferably, the first connecting structure is threadedly engaged with the third rod body.

[0073] Preferably, the third structure is further provided with a second through hole for the fourth rod to pass through, and the fourth rod is connected with a second connecting structure, the second connecting structure abutting against the side of the third structure away from the fourth structure; the fourth structure is further provided with a third through hole for the fourth rod to pass through.

[0074] Preferably, the fourth structure is further provided with a fourth through hole for the third rod to pass through, and the outer diameter of the third limiting part is larger than the diameter of the fourth through hole.

[0075] Preferably, a second thrust device is connected to the fourth rod, and the second thrust device abuts against the side of the fourth structure away from the third structure.

[0076] Preferably, the second thrust device is threadedly connected to the fourth rod, and the second thrust device is movable relative to the fourth rod along the length direction of the fourth rod.

[0077] Preferably, the first structure is connected to a first cable, and the second structure is connected to a first cable.

[0078] Preferably, both the first and second structures of at least one domain-variable rigidity release structure are connected to a first cable. Preferably, there are at least two domain-variable rigidity release structures, and at least some of the domain-variable rigidity release structures are arranged in series.

[0079] Preferably, the first structure is connected to the rigid float, and the second structure is connected to the first cable.

[0080] Preferably, the first cable is connected between adjacent domain-variable rigid release structures.

[0081] Preferably, at least two adjacent domain-variable rigidity release structures are directly connected.

[0082] Preferably, the floating platform includes a column, the horizontal cross-sectional profile of which includes a first arc segment and a second arc segment that are relatively convex, a third arc segment connecting the ends of the first arc segment and the second arc segment on the same side, the second arc segment being located between the first arc segment and the buffer deformation float, the radius of the second arc segment being smaller than the radius of the first arc segment, and the radius of the third arc segment being larger than the sum of the first arc segment and the second arc segment.

[0083] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a wind power device, including a passive yaw floating foundation as described in this application.

[0084] The passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention allows the floating wind turbine to rotate under wind conditions, ensuring that the turbine rotates around a rigid float, thus keeping the turbine rotor perpendicular to the wind and guaranteeing power generation efficiency. The buffer deformation float ensures that the floating platform does not collide with the rigid float under adverse conditions, and that the elastic cable does not become entangled with either the floating platform or the rigid float.

[0085] Preferably, the floating platform is equipped with a support frame, and a fan is supported on the support frame.

[0086] Preferably, the buoy assembly floats on the water surface.

[0087] Preferably, the support frame is a truss structure. This makes the support frame lighter than a tower structure, and it complements the floating platform, also making the floating platform structure lighter in weight.

[0088] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention allows the floating wind turbine to rotate under wind conditions, ensuring that the turbine rotates around a rigid float, thus keeping the turbine rotor perpendicular to the wind and guaranteeing power generation efficiency. The buffer deformation float ensures that the floating platform does not collide with the rigid float under adverse conditions, and that the elastic cable does not become entangled with either the floating platform or the rigid float. Attached Figure Description

[0089] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of a passive yaw floating foundation structure according to this application (elastic cable and mooring cable are connected).

[0090] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of a passive yaw floating foundation structure according to this application (elastic cable and mooring cable are connected).

[0091] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer deformation float of this application.

[0092] Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of a passive yaw floating foundation structure according to this application (elastic cable and mooring cable are connected).

[0093] Figure 5 This is a top view of the structure of the buffer deformation float of this application (shared sidewall form).

[0094] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a passive yaw floating foundation structure according to this application (one angle, mooring cable omitted).

[0095] Figure 7 As an appendix to this application Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B in the middle.

[0096] Figure 8 As an appendix to this application Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of section C.

[0097] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a passive yaw floating foundation structure according to this application (another angle, mooring cable omitted).

[0098] Figure 10 As an appendix to this application Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of section C.

[0099] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the four-corner roller of this application.

[0100] Figure 12 This is a top view of the structure connecting the elastic cable and the rigid float in this application.

[0101] Figure 13 This is a front view schematic diagram of the structure connecting the elastic cable and the rigid float in this application.

[0102] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the rigid floating body of this application.

[0103] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a floating body component structure according to this application.

[0104] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram (single-bar type) of the domain-variable rigidity release structure of this application.

[0105] Figure 17 This is a longitudinal section diagram (single-bar type) of the domain-variable stiffness-releasing structure of this application.

[0106] Figure 18 For the purposes of this application Figure 17 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0107] Figure 19 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram (double-bar type) of the domain-variable rigidity release structure of this application.

[0108] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of this application.

[0109] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of this application.

[0110] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the domain-variable rigidity release cable structure of this application.

[0111] Figure 23 For the purposes of this application Figure 22 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B in the middle.

[0112] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram showing the interaction between the fourth structure and the third and fourth rods in this application.

[0113] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram showing the force and displacement of the connecting part and the spring in this application.

[0114] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the tension and elongation of the spring in this application.

[0115] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the cable force-motion displacement of the variable stiffness release cable in this application.

[0116] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of a passive yaw floating foundation according to this application (a spring is directly connected to the floating structure).

[0117] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of a wind power device according to this application.

[0118] Figure 30 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the annular floating structure of this application.

[0119] Figure 31 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the annular floating structure of this application (the through hole is above the first deformation cavity).

[0120] Figure 32 As an appendix to this application Figure 31 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0121] Figure 33 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the annular floating structure of this application (the through hole is below the first deformation cavity).

[0122] Figure 34 This is a schematic longitudinal section of the arc-shaped component of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0123] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0124] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer," etc., used in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention to indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0125] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.

[0126] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0127] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0128] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to connection methods commonly used in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0129] Example 1 like Figure 1-6 As shown, this embodiment provides a passive yaw floating foundation, including a floating platform 300, a buffer deformable float 400, an elastic cable 160, and a float assembly 100.

[0130] In one or more embodiments, the float assembly 100 is capable of mooring.

[0131] In one or more embodiments, one end of the elastic cable 160 is connected to the floating platform 300, and the other end passes through the buffer deformable float 400 and is connected to the moorable float assembly 100.

[0132] In one or more embodiments, the buffer deformable float 400 can shorten as the distance between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100 decreases.

[0133] In one or more embodiments, the elastic cable 160 can be shortened as the distance between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100 decreases.

[0134] In one or more embodiments, both the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 are capable of shortening as the distance between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100 decreases.

[0135] In one or more embodiments, the elastic cable 160 can also grow as the distance between the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100 increases.

[0136] The passive yaw floating foundation of this invention, for example, allows the float assembly 100 to be moored in a certain sea state area during use. Since the elastic cable 160 connects the float assembly 100 and the floating platform 300, serving as the main force transmission component between them, under wind conditions, the elastic cable 160 constrains the floating platform 300 to rotate around the float assembly 100. This ensures that when the floating platform 300 is used as the installation foundation for a floating wind turbine, one side of the floating platform 300 faces the wind directly. Therefore, the passive yaw floating foundation of this invention can drive the wind turbine on it to achieve passive yaw, thus ensuring power generation efficiency.

[0137] Based on the above-mentioned passive yaw objective, the elastic cable 160 passes through the buffer deformable float 400, which can limit the degree of lateral deformation of the buffer deformable float 400 toward the elastic cable 160, so that the buffer deformable float 400 is always located between the float assembly 100 and the floating platform 300. The elastic cable 160 and the buffer deformable float 400 work together to prevent the elastic cable 160 from getting tangled with the floating platform 300 or the float assembly 100 under extreme working conditions. At the same time, it can also effectively prevent accidents where the float assembly 100 and the floating platform 300 collide. Moreover, the buffer deformable float 400 can limit the swing amplitude of the elastic cable 160 with the wind and waves under certain working conditions, greatly alleviate the stress condition of the elastic cable 160, and optimize the stress of the elastic cable 160. Moreover, the elastic cable 160 can elastically lengthen when the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100 change significantly in an instant, thereby avoiding the breakage of the connecting parts between the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100 under this working condition. This allows the floating platform 300 to absorb the instantaneously increased external force of wind and waves through self-adaptation, instead of mainly relying on the tension of the connecting parts between the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100 to overcome and absorb the instantaneously increased external force of wind and waves on the floating platform 300. This greatly reduces the stress requirements of the elastic cable 160 as a connecting part between the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100, and also greatly reduces the cost of the elastic cable 160.

[0138] Meanwhile, the elastic cable 160, as the main connector between the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100, can float on the water surface by relying on the buoyancy of the buffer deformable float 400, greatly reducing the impact of the elastic cable 160's self-weight on the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100. The total weight of the elastic cable 160 and the buffer deformable float 400 is lighter and easier to install compared to existing rigid connection structures. Moreover, both the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 can shorten as the distance between the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100 decreases, and the elastic cable 160 can also lengthen as the distance between the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100 increases, thereby effectively reducing the mutual force influence between the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100 under extreme working conditions.

[0139] The passive yaw floating foundation described in this embodiment can rotate under wind conditions to ensure that the floating wind turbines on the foundation rotate around the floating body assembly 100, making the wind turbine rotor above the floating platform 300 perpendicular to the wind and ensuring power generation efficiency. The buffer deformation floating body 400 ensures that the floating platform and the floating body assembly 100 do not collide under adverse conditions, and that the elastic cable 160 does not become entangled with the floating platform and the floating body assembly 100.

[0140] Specifically, in this embodiment, the passive yaw floating foundation allows the float assembly 100 to be moored within a certain sea state area. Since the elastic cable 160 connects the float assembly 100 and the floating platform 300, serving as the primary force transmission component between them, the elastic cable 160 constrains the floating platform 300 to rotate around the float assembly 100 under wind conditions. This ensures that when the floating platform 300 serves as the installation foundation for a floating wind turbine, the rotor of the wind turbine on the floating platform 300 can face the wind directly, and the wind turbine's rotor can be perpendicular to the wind. Thus, the passive yaw floating foundation of this invention can drive the wind turbine on it to achieve passive yaw, thereby ensuring power generation efficiency.

[0141] Based on the above-mentioned passive yaw objective, the elastic cable 160 further penetrates the buffer deformable float 400, which can limit the degree of lateral deformation of the buffer deformable float 400 toward the elastic cable 160. At the same time, the buffer deformable float 400 is connected to the float assembly 100 and the floating platform 300 respectively to prevent the elastic cable 160 from getting tangled with the floating platform 300 or the float assembly 100 under extreme working conditions. It can also effectively prevent accidents where the float assembly 100 and the floating platform 300 collide. Moreover, the elastic cable 160 applies the main tension to the floating platform 300 to prevent the buffer deformation float 400 from being torn apart under extreme working conditions. Meanwhile, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160, as connectors connecting the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100, can float on the water surface by relying on the buoyancy of the buffer deformable float 400 itself. This greatly reduces the impact of the self-weight of the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 on the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100. Compared with the existing rigid connection structure, they are lighter and easier to install. Moreover, since the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 can both grow or shorten with the change of distance between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100, the mutual force influence between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100 under extreme working conditions is effectively reduced.

[0142] In summary, the passive yaw floating foundation described above, while fulfilling its function as a floating wind turbine support structure for passive yaw purposes, effectively prevents entanglement accidents between the elastic cable 160 and the floating platform 300 or floating body assembly 100 under extreme working conditions through the coordinated cooperation of the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160. It also ensures that no collision accidents occur between the elastic cable 160 and the floating platform 300 or floating body assembly 100, and effectively reduces the mutual force influence between the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100 under extreme working conditions. This effectively ensures the high safety of the passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention, and compared with existing technologies, reduces the self-weight and installation difficulty of the passive yaw floating foundation.

[0143] In one or more embodiments, the buffer deformable float 400 is provided with a first deformable cavity 403; the first deformable cavity 403 is open at both ends in the vertical direction; along the length direction of the elastic cable 160, the net width L1 of the first deformable cavity 403 can increase or decrease with the distance between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100, that is, the net width L1 of the first deformable cavity 403 can increase with the increase of the distance between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100, and the net width L1 of the first deformable cavity 403 can also decrease with the decrease of the distance between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100.

[0144] In the above scheme, when the net width of the first deformation cavity 403 increases or decreases, the fluid in the first deformation cavity 403 can be smoothly exchanged with the external fluid, so as to avoid the fluid in the first deformation cavity 403 from having a destructive effect on the function or structure of the buffer deformation float 400 under the state of rapid stretching or rapid compression.

[0145] In the passive yaw floating foundation scheme described in this embodiment, the buffer deformable float 400 is provided with a first deformable cavity 403 with open upper and lower ends. This is far more effective than providing a closed inner cavity (e.g., a hollow sphere, or a hollow cylinder with closed top and bottom) on the buffer deformable float 400. This is because to achieve both anti-entanglement and anti-collision purposes, the first deformable cavity 403 needs a larger volume. If a buffer deformable float 400 with an inner cavity is used, it carries a higher risk of compression or tearing damage under large deformations. In this invention, when the net width of the first deformable cavity 403 increases or decreases, the fluid inside the first deformable cavity 403 can smoothly exchange with the external fluid, thus preventing the fluid inside the first deformable cavity 403 from causing destructive effects on the function or structure of the buffer deformable float 400 under rapid tension or compression.

[0146] Meanwhile, since the fluid inside the first deformation cavity 403 can exchange smoothly with the external fluid, its absorption of wave load is much smaller than that of a hollow sphere or a hollow body, thus greatly reducing the impact on the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100 in extreme cases. This means that the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100 do not need to add additional design elements to separately allocate resistance to the swaying effect from the buffer deformation floating body 400, thereby controlling costs.

[0147] In an optional embodiment, there are at least two first deformation cavities 403, and all of the first deformation cavities 403 are arranged along the length direction of the elastic cable 160.

[0148] The 400-type buffer deformable float is able to float on the water surface.

[0149] The following describes a preferred structural form of the buffer deformable float 400: like Figure 3 As shown, in one or more embodiments, the buffer deformable float 400 includes a plurality of annular float structures 401 connected in series, and the inner side of the annular float structure 401 forms the first deformable cavity 403.

[0150] In one or more embodiments, an arc-shaped member 402 is connected between adjacent annular floating structures 401. The arc-shaped member 402 is located outside the annular floating structure 401, and the arc-shaped member 402 and the annular floating structure 401 connected thereto together form a second deformation cavity 404.

[0151] In an optional embodiment, along the length of the elastic cable 160, the net width L2 of the second deformable cavity 404 can increase or decrease with the distance between the floating platform 300 and the floating body assembly 100.

[0152] The second deformation cavity 404 is formed by the arc-shaped component 402 and the annular float structure 401 connected thereto, which makes the deformation degree of each segment of the buffer deformation float 400 tend to be uniform along the length of the elastic cable 160, thereby extending the service life of the buffer deformation float 400.

[0153] In the above scheme, the first deformation cavity 403 serves as the main deformation cavity, and the second deformation cavity 404 serves as the auxiliary deformation cavity. The first deformation cavity 403 and the second deformation cavity 404 are staggered along the length of the elastic cable 160 to form at least two levels of deformation cavity arrangement of different sizes. This more effectively ensures that the elastic cable 160 does not become entangled with the floating platform 300 or the floating body assembly 100, and effectively prevents accidents in which the floating body assembly 100 and the floating platform 300 collide.

[0154] In an optional embodiment, the cross-section of one side of the annular floating structure 401 is a hollow annular structure. Based on the first deformation cavity 403, the annular floating structure 401 is made into an annular hollow structure, so that the structure is lighter without affecting the structural deformation and has less impact on the downward external force of the elastic cable 160.

[0155] In an optional embodiment, the maximum distance between the outer surfaces of the arcuate members 402 on both sides of the adjacent annular floating structure 401 is equal to the outer diameter of the annular floating structure 401 along that direction, and is equal to W0 (1±10%), that is, equal to W0, with an error within ±10%.

[0156] In an optional embodiment, the arcuate member 402 is convex outward in a direction away from the elastic cable 160.

[0157] The following describes another preferred structural form of the buffer deformable float 400: In one or more embodiments, the buffer deformable float 400 includes a plurality of annular float structures 401 connected in series, the inner side of which encloses the first deformable cavity 403. Adjacent first deformable cavities 403 share a portion of sidewall 407, that is, adjacent annular float structures 401 share a portion of the structure. The end of the sidewall 407 protrudes radially from the first deformable cavity 403 along the elastic cable 160. An arc-shaped member 402 connects the ends of adjacent sidewalls 407. Adjacent sidewalls 407, arc-shaped members 402, and corresponding annular float structures 401 enclose a second deformable cavity 404, which is located outside the first deformable cavity 403.

[0158] In optional implementations, such as Figure 32As shown, the cross-section of one side of the annular floating structure 401 is a hollow annular structure. Based on the first deformation cavity 403, the annular floating structure 401 is made into an annular hollow structure, so that the structure is lighter without affecting the structural deformation and has less impact on the downward external force of the elastic cable 160.

[0159] In optional implementations, such as Figure 34 As shown, the cross-section of the arc-shaped component 402 is a hollow annular structure, which makes the structure lighter without affecting structural deformation and has less impact on the downward external force of the elastic cable 160.

[0160] In optional implementations, such as Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the annular floating structure 401 is partially symmetrically arranged on both sides of the elastic cable 160, that is, the annular floating structure 401 in the figure is symmetrically arranged in the regions on both sides of the center line.

[0161] like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the arc-shaped members 402 located on both sides of the elastic cable 160 are symmetrically arranged, and the arc-shaped members 402 located on both sides of the center line are symmetrical to each other.

[0162] In one or more embodiments, the elastic cable 160 passes through the annular float structure 401. This effectively ensures that the first deformable cavity 403 grows or shortens along the length of the elastic cable 160. Furthermore, the annular float structure 401 is fitted over the outer side of the elastic cable 160, and the elastic cable 160 passes through the annular float structure 401. This increases the interaction between the annular float structure 401 and the elastic cable 160, thereby enabling the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 to achieve a better synergistic effect.

[0163] like Figure 30 and 31 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the annular float structure 401 is provided with a through hole 412 adapted to the elastic cable 160, and the elastic cable 160 passes through the through hole 412; the elastic cable 160 is connected to at least a portion of the annular float structure 401. This can increase the mutual influence between the annular float structure 401 and the elastic cable 160, thereby enabling the buffer deformation float 400 and the elastic cable 160 to achieve a better cooperative effect.

[0164] In another optional embodiment, the annular float structure 401 is provided with a through hole 412 adapted to the elastic cable 160; the elastic cable 160 passes through the through hole 412 and slides in engagement with at least a portion of the annular float structure 401. This increases the radial interaction between the annular float structure 401 and the elastic cable 160, but weakens the longitudinal interaction along the elastic cable 160. This not only allows for better coordination between the buffer deformation float 400 and the elastic cable 160, but also provides a certain displacement margin between the annular float structure 401 and the elastic cable 160, preventing excessive tensile force on local areas of the annular float structure 401 under extreme conditions.

[0165] In an optional embodiment, at least one annular float structure 401 located in the middle of the elastic cable 160 is slidably engaged with the elastic cable 160 along its length. In this embodiment, the slidable engagement of at least one annular float structure 401 in the middle with the elastic cable 160 allows for a certain displacement margin between the central annular float structure 401 and the elastic cable 160, preventing excessive tensile force on localized areas of the annular float structure 401 under extreme operating conditions.

[0166] In the above scheme, the elastic cable 160 and the first deformable cavity 403 have three preferred positional relationships: Preferred option 1: such as Figure 30 As shown, the elastic cable 160 passes through the first deformation cavity 403.

[0167] Preferred option 2: such as Figure 33 As shown, the lower part of the opposite sides of the annular floating structure 401 is provided with a ring structure to form a through hole 412. In this case, the elastic cable 160 is located in the lower part of the first deformation cavity 403.

[0168] Preferred option 3: such as Figure 31 As shown, the upper part of the opposite sides of the annular floating structure 401 is provided with a ring structure to form a through hole 412. In this case, the elastic cable 160 is located on the upper part of the first deformation cavity 403.

[0169] In one or more embodiments, the buffer deformable float 400 is not connected to the floating platform 300.

[0170] In an optional embodiment, the buffer deformable float 400 and the floating platform 300 can abut against each other.

[0171] In one or more embodiments, the buffer deformable float 400 is not connected to the float assembly 100.

[0172] In an optional embodiment, the buffer deformable float 400 and the float assembly 100 can abut against each other.

[0173] In one or more embodiments, the buffer deformable float 400 is connected to the floating platform 300.

[0174] In one or more embodiments, the buffer deformable float 400 is connected to the float assembly 100.

[0175] In one or more embodiments, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 are both connected between the float assembly 100 and the floating platform 300. That is, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 are connected to both the float assembly 100 and the floating platform 300. In this case, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 can both shorten as the distance between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100 decreases, and the buffer deformable float 400 can also lengthen as the distance between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100 increases.

[0176] The buffer deformable float 400 is connected to the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100 respectively. It can work with the elastic cable 160 to better prevent the elastic cable 160 from getting entangled with the floating platform 300 or the float assembly 100. At the same time, the elastic cable 160 applies the main tension to the floating platform 300. The buffer deformable float 400 can also grow as the distance between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100 increases, so as to prevent the buffer deformable float 400 from being pulled apart under extreme working conditions.

[0177] Meanwhile, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160, as connectors between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100, can float on the water surface by relying on the buoyancy of the buffer deformable float 400 itself. This greatly reduces the impact of the self-weight of the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 on the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100. Compared with the existing rigid connection structure, they are lighter and easier to install. Moreover, since the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 can both grow or shorten with the change of distance between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100, the mutual force influence between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100 under extreme working conditions is effectively reduced.

[0178] In summary, while fulfilling the requirements of a floating wind turbine bearing structure suitable for passive yaw, the coordinated operation of the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 effectively prevents entanglement accidents between the elastic cable 160 and the floating platform 300 or float assembly 100 under extreme operating conditions. Simultaneously, it ensures that no collision occurs between the elastic cable 160 and the floating platform 300 or float assembly 100, and effectively reduces the mutual force influence between the floating platform 300 and float assembly 100 under extreme operating conditions. This effectively guarantees the high safety of the passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention, and compared to existing technologies, it reduces the self-weight and installation difficulty of the passive yaw floating foundation.

[0179] In an optional embodiment, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 are connected to the floating platform 300 at different locations. By connecting at least two points, the degree of relative rotation between the floating platform 300 and the elastic cable 160 can be effectively limited. This further enhances the prevention of entanglement accidents between the elastic cable 160 and the floating platform 300.

[0180] In an optional embodiment, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 are connected to the float assembly 100 at different locations. By connecting at least two points, the degree of relative rotation between the float assembly 100 and the elastic cable 160 can be effectively limited. This further enhances the prevention of entanglement accidents between the elastic cable 160 and the float assembly 100.

[0181] like Figure 1 As shown, the connection position between the buffer deformable float 400 and the floating platform 300 is the first connection position 301, and the connection position between the elastic cable 160 and the floating platform 300 is the second connection position 302. The first connection position 301 and the second connection position 302 are set at intervals. The connection position between the buffer deformable float 400 and the float assembly 100 is the third connection position 410, and the connection position between the elastic cable 160 and the float assembly 100 is the fourth connection position 411. The third connection position 410 and the fourth connection position 411 are spaced apart.

[0182] The first connection position 301 and the second connection position 302 are spaced apart. By establishing at least two different connection positions between the buffer deformable float 400 and the floating platform 300, and relying on the deformation resistance of the buffer deformable float 400 in conjunction with the elastic cable 160 to limit the buffer deformable float 400; simultaneously, the third connection position 410 and the fourth connection position 411 are spaced apart. By establishing at least two different connection positions between the buffer deformable float 400 and the float assembly 100, and relying on the deformation resistance of the buffer deformable float 400 in conjunction with the elastic cable 160 to limit the buffer deformable float 400, it is possible to better ensure that the elastic cable 160 and the floating platform 300 do not become entangled, and also to better ensure that the elastic cable 160 and the float assembly 100 do not become entangled.

[0183] In an optional implementation, there are at least two first connection positions 301, and the second connection position 302 is located between the two first connection positions 301.

[0184] The floating platform 300 is connected to the buffer deformable float 400 on both sides of its horizontal connection point with the elastic cable 160, through at least three points. The floating platform 300 has connections to both the elastic cable 160 and the buffer deformable float 400 on both sides of its connection point, effectively limiting the relative rotation of the floating platform 300 and the elastic cable 160 in different directions. This further enhances the prevention of entanglement accidents between the elastic cable 160 and the floating platform 300.

[0185] In an optional embodiment, there are at least two third connection positions 410, and the fourth connection position 411 is located between the two third connection positions 410.

[0186] The float assembly 100 is connected to the buffer deformable float 400 on both sides of its horizontal connection point with the elastic cable 160. Through at least three connections, and with the float assembly 100 and the buffer deformable float 400 connected on both sides of its connection point with the elastic cable 160, the relative rotation between the float assembly 100 and the elastic cable 160 in different directions can be effectively limited. This further enhances the prevention of entanglement accidents between the elastic cable 160 and the float assembly 100.

[0187] In an optional embodiment, the connection positions of the buffer deformable float 400 and the floating platform 300 are symmetrically arranged corresponding to the elastic cable 160. For example... Figure 1As shown, the connection position between the buffer deformable float 400 and the floating platform 300 is the first connection position 301, and the first connection positions 301 on both sides of the elastic cable 160 are symmetrical with respect to the center line.

[0188] In an optional embodiment, the connection positions of the buffer deformable float 400 and the float assembly 100 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the elastic cable 160. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the third connection positions 410 on both sides of the elastic cable 160 are symmetrical with respect to the center line.

[0189] In an optional embodiment, the first connection position 301 and the second connection position 302 are spaced apart and are not adjacent to each other.

[0190] In an optional embodiment, the third connection position 410 and the fourth connection position 411 are spaced apart and are not adjacent to each other.

[0191] The first connection position 301 and the second connection position 302 are spaced apart. By establishing at least two different connection positions between the buffer deformable float 400 and the floating platform 300, and relying on the deformation resistance of the buffer deformable float 400 in conjunction with the elastic cable 160 to limit the buffer deformable float 400; simultaneously, the third connection position 410 and the fourth connection position 411 are spaced apart. By establishing at least two different connection positions between the buffer deformable float 400 and the float assembly 100, and relying on the deformation resistance of the buffer deformable float 400 in conjunction with the elastic cable 160 to limit the buffer deformable float 400, it is possible to better ensure that the elastic cable 160 and the floating platform 300 do not become entangled, and also to better ensure that the elastic cable 160 and the float assembly 100 do not become entangled.

[0192] In an optional implementation, there are at least two first connection positions 301, and the second connection position 302 is located between the two first connection positions 301.

[0193] In an optional embodiment, there are at least two third connection positions 410, and the fourth connection position 411 is located between the two third connection positions 410.

[0194] In one or more embodiments, the material used to manufacture the deformable cushioning float 400 includes high-density polyethylene (HDPE). HDPE is a thermoplastic polymerized from ethylene monomers, characterized by high density, high strength, chemical resistance, moisture resistance, and good plasticity. It also exhibits corrosion resistance and good flexibility. The inclusion of HDPE in the material of the deformable cushioning float 400 makes it suitable for repeated expansion and contraction under marine conditions.

[0195] The material used to make the aforementioned buffer deformable float 400 can also preferably be an EVA / PE closed-cell foam core + PU / TPU / rubber outer skin, which is a composite design scheme characterized by being lightweight, flexible, energy-absorbing, and retaining good buoyancy even after localized damage. Among these, EVA is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; PE is polyethylene; PU is polyurethane; and TPU is thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, often simply referred to as thermoplastic polyurethane.

[0196] In one or more embodiments, the annular floating structure 401 is partially and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the elastic cable 160.

[0197] In one or more embodiments, at least one section of the elastic cable 160 is a nylon rope, which can stretch to 15%-30% of its original length under stress, absorbing enormous impact energy like a rubber band. When the rigid float 170 and the floating platform 300 suddenly move or sway due to wind, waves, swells, or passing vessels, the elasticity of the nylon rope can gently absorb these dynamic loads, avoiding dangerous instantaneous sharp tension. This greatly protects the rigid float 170, the floating platform 300, and wind power facilities, and also prevents damage to the elastic cable 160 due to rigid tension.

[0198] Furthermore, nylon itself possesses high tensile strength, capable of withstanding very high tensile forces; its wear resistance is relatively good, able to withstand friction with a 400° buffered and deformable float; it is lighter than anchor chains, easier to maintain, and within its elastic range, it can withstand multiple stretching and recovery cycles, exhibiting superior fatigue resistance compared to many other synthetic fiber ropes. It has a long service life and a reasonable overall cost of ownership.

[0199] In one or more embodiments, the floating body assembly 100 includes a rigid floating body 170 and at least one mooring cable 110 for mooring the rigid floating body 170, and the buffer deformable floating body 400 is connected between the floating platform 300 and the rigid floating body 170.

[0200] In one or more embodiments, along the length of the elastic cable 160, the distance between the rigid float 170 and the floating platform 300 is L0; along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the elastic cable 160, the maximum width of the buffer deformable float 400 is W0; K1=L0 / W0, K1≤5, W0≥12m; more preferably, K1≥1.

[0201] Along the height direction, the maximum height of the buffer deformable float 400 is H0≤2m.

[0202] In the above scheme, the vertical height of the buffer deformable float 400 is preferably much smaller than its horizontal width and length. The width and length are on the same order of magnitude as the wave height and wavelength. The vertical height of the buffer deformable float 400 is preferably less than 1 times the wave height and much less than 0.2 times the wavelength. In this case, the vertical force Froude-Krylov and diffraction force of the buffer deformable float 400 caused by waves have a relatively small impact and can even be ignored in calculations for ease of design analysis. The focus should be on the drag force and inertial force caused by the relative motion of the buffer deformable float 400 per meter of its length relative to the fluid. Since wave forces include the significantly influential impact force, air trapping, and the draft of the buffer deformable float 400, for the same material, a smaller height requires less buoyancy, and a smaller draft results in less wave load absorption. Compared to spherical or cylindrical floats [whose height is greater than at least one horizontal width or length, thus absorbing more wave load], this design is more efficient. The resulting swaying effect is smaller, thus reducing its impact on the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170. [The motion coupling effect of the buffer deformable float 400 on the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170 is weak: the motion of the former has little effect on the motion of the latter, which can even be ignored in the design calculation, while the motion of the latter directly affects the attitude and motion response of the former. That is, the motion of the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170 has a strong influence on the motion of the buffer deformable float 400, exhibiting a unidirectional influence behavior.] Therefore, the cost of controlling its impact on the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170 is also lower.

[0203] In one or more embodiments, the relationship between the elastic cable 160 and the rigid float 170 preferably has the following two options: Preferred Option 1: The elastic cable 160 is connected to the mooring cable 110, and the rigid float 170 is provided with a through hole 171. The integral formed by the connection of the elastic cable 160 and the mooring cable 110 passes through the through hole 171. This allows the elastic cable 160 and at least one mooring cable 110 to be connected to form an integral unit, which can move relative to the rigid float 170 within a certain range. Since the elastic cable 160 is arranged along the water surface, while one end of the mooring cable 110 extends into the sea, there must be an angle between the elastic cable 160 and the mooring cable 110. This angle will cause horizontal force components and reaction force components between the integral unit formed by the connection of the elastic cable 160 and the mooring cable 110 and the rigid float 170. The buffer deformable float 400 connects the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170. While achieving passive yaw, it ensures that the elastic cable 160 and the mooring cable 110 are subjected to the same force. When the increase in distance between the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170 exceeds the elastic deformation length of the elastic cable 160, the elastic cable 160 will adjust its length using part of the structure of the mooring cable 110 to prevent it from breaking. When the distance between the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170 is less than the normal length of the elastic cable 160, the mooring cable 110 can still tighten the elastic cable 160 by its own weight, so that the elastic cable 160 is always in a tightened state during operation, thus preventing the elastic cable 160 from becoming entangled with the buffer deformable float 400 in an undesigned state.

[0204] Preferably, the through hole 171 is arranged vertically, but it can also be arranged horizontally or diagonally.

[0205] In one or more embodiments, a first steering device 174 is provided on the rigid float 170, and the elastic cable 160 and the mooring cable 110 are connected to form an integral unit that rolls in cooperation with the first steering device 174.

[0206] Specifically, the first steering device 174 is preferably a four-corner roller or a steering pulley.

[0207] In one or more embodiments, the mooring cable 110 or the elastic cable 160 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the through hole 171. This reduces the wear between the rigid float 170 and the mooring cable 110 or the elastic cable 160, thereby increasing the service life of the rigid float 170.

[0208] In one or more embodiments, the rigid float 170 is further provided with a second steering device 175, and the integral structure formed by the connection of the elastic cable 160 and the mooring cable 110 passes through the through hole 171 after passing around the second steering device 175 and the first steering device 174 in sequence.

[0209] The second steering device 175 is preferably a four-corner roller or a steering pulley.

[0210] In an optional embodiment, the second steering device 175 is welded to the rigid float 170.

[0211] In an optional embodiment, the second steering device 175 is hinged to the rigid float 170, preferably hinged and rotated in the horizontal direction.

[0212] In one or more embodiments, the rigid float 170 includes at least two float units 172, with a connecting portion 173 connecting adjacent float units 172, and a through hole 171 disposed on the connecting portion 173. This forms a dumbbell-shaped structure, resulting in better stability.

[0213] In the scheme described in this embodiment, a preferred form of the four-corner roller wheel is as follows: it includes a roller frame 181, on which two spaced-apart transverse shafts 182 are provided. A first roller 183 is sleeved and rotatably fitted on the transverse shafts 182. The two first rollers 183 are spaced apart. The roller frame 181 is also provided with two spaced-apart longitudinal shafts 184. A second roller 185 is sleeved and rotatably fitted on the longitudinal shafts 184. The two second rollers 185 are spaced apart and are above the first rollers 183. The transverse shafts 182 are preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal shafts 184. The elastic cable 160 and the mooring cable 110 form an integral loop around the first rollers 183 and pass through the gap between the two first rollers 183 and the gap between the two second rollers 185.

[0214] In an optional embodiment, the diameter of the first roller 183 that the elastic cable 160 and the mooring cable 110 integrally pass around is larger than the diameter of the other first roller 183.

[0215] In an optional embodiment, the first roller 183 is rotatably coupled to the transverse shaft 182 via a bearing, and the second roller 185 is rotatably coupled to the longitudinal shaft 184 via a bearing.

[0216] In the solution described in this embodiment, a preferred form of the steering pulley is as follows: it includes a pulley frame, a first shaft is provided on the pulley frame, and a pulley is rotatably coupled to the first shaft through a bearing.

[0217] The passive yaw floating foundation described in this embodiment allows the floating wind turbine on the foundation to rotate under wind conditions, ensuring that the turbine's rotor rotates around the rigid float 170. This keeps the turbine's rotor perpendicular to the wind, guaranteeing power generation efficiency. The buffer deformation float 400 ensures that the floating platform does not collide with the rigid float 170 under adverse conditions, and that the elastic cable 160 does not become entangled with either the floating platform or the rigid float 170.

[0218] The present invention discloses a passive yaw floating foundation in which the rigid float 170 is moored by a mooring cable 110, and the elastic cable 160 connecting the floating platform 300 can apply tension to the rigid float 170. Therefore, under the action of wind, it can ensure that the rotating floating platform 300 rotates around the rigid float 170, so that the wind turbine rotor of the floating wind turbine installed on the floating platform 300 can be perpendicular to the wind, thereby achieving the purpose of passive yaw and ensuring power generation efficiency. Furthermore, since the connection between the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170 is made by a buffer deformable float 400, which is connected to the elastic cable 160, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 work together to ensure that, under adverse conditions, the elastic cable 160 does not become entangled with the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170 by one turn or more, thus achieving the intended use. At the same time, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160, as connectors between the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170, can float on the water surface by the buoyancy of the buffer deformable float 400 itself, greatly reducing the impact of the weight of the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 on the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170. Compared with the existing rigid connection structure, it is lighter and easier to install. Moreover, due to its flexible characteristics, it effectively reduces the mutual force influence between the transfer platform and the floating platform.

[0219] Furthermore, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 work together to effectively ensure that the floating platform and the rigid float 170 do not collide. With the elastic cable 160 serving as the main load-bearing component between the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170, the safety of the passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention is greatly improved.

[0220] Preferred Option 2: The end of the elastic cable 160 furthest from the floating platform 300 is connected to the rigid float 170; the mooring cable 110 is connected to the rigid float 170. In this case, the elastic cable 160 and the mooring cable 110 are connected through the rigid float 170 and transmit their mutual forces.

[0221] Based on either of the two schemes described above, in this embodiment, the rigid float 170 is moored by the mooring cable 110 to form a single-point mooring structure. The elastic cable 160 connecting the floating platform 300 can apply tension to the rigid float 170. Therefore, under the action of wind, it can ensure that the rotating floating platform 300 rotates around the rigid float 170, so that the wind turbine rotor of the floating wind power installed on the floating platform 300 can be perpendicular to the wind, thereby achieving the purpose of passive yaw of the floating wind power and ensuring power generation efficiency. A buffer deformable float 400 connects the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170. The elastic cable 160 passes through the buffer deformable float 400, so that the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 work together to ensure that, under adverse conditions, the elastic cable 160 does not become entangled with the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170 by one turn or more, thus achieving the intended use. At the same time, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160, as connectors between the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170, can float on the water surface by the buoyancy of the buffer deformable float 400 itself, which greatly reduces the impact of the weight of the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 on the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170. Its weight is lighter than that of the existing rigid connection structure, making it easier to install. Moreover, due to its flexible characteristics, it effectively reduces the mutual force influence between the transfer platform and the floating platform.

[0222] Furthermore, the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160 work together to effectively ensure that the floating platform and the rigid float 170 do not collide. With the elastic cable 160 serving as the main load-bearing component between the floating platform 300 and the rigid float 170, the safety of the passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention is greatly improved.

[0223] In one or more embodiments, the buffer deformable float 400 can abut against at least one float unit 172 on both sides of the connecting part 173. This arrangement can increase the resistance to the rotation of the buffer deformable float 400 and the rigid float 170 to a certain extent, and better achieve the effect of preventing collision and entanglement between the buffer deformable float 400 and the rigid float 170.

[0224] The rigid float 170 is preferably a steel pontoon. The float unit 172 is preferably a steel component. It is preferably in the form of a pontoon with an internal cavity.

[0225] Preferably, a third steering device 303 is provided on the side of the floating platform 300 near the buffer deformable float 400, a cable fixing device 306 is provided on the top of the floating platform 300, and a fourth steering device 304 is connected to the portion of the floating platform 300 located between the third steering device 303 and the cable fixing device 306. One end of the elastic cable 160 near the floating platform 300 passes sequentially around the third steering device 303 and the fourth steering device 304 before connecting to the cable fixing device 306. This facilitates maintenance.

[0226] In an optional embodiment, the floating platform 300 includes a column 305, a third steering device 303 and a fourth steering device 304 are provided on the side of the column 305, and a cable fixing device 306 is provided on the top of the column 305. The cable fixing device 306 is preferably a steel shell concrete component or a reinforced concrete component, and a ring structure is provided on it. The end of the elastic cable 160 is connected to the ring structure.

[0227] Preferably, the third steering device 303 is hinged to the floating platform 300, preferably fixedly connected or hinged and rotated in the horizontal direction.

[0228] The third steering device 303 is preferably a four-corner roller or a steering pulley.

[0229] The fourth steering device 304 is preferably a four-corner roller or a steering pulley.

[0230] In summary, the passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention not only satisfies the requirement of passive yaw but also, through the coordinated action of the buffer deformable float 400 and the elastic cable 160, effectively prevents the elastic cable 160 from becoming entangled with the floating platform 300 or the float assembly 100 under extreme conditions. Simultaneously, it ensures that no collision occurs between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100, and effectively reduces the mutual force influence between the floating platform 300 and the float assembly 100 under extreme conditions. This effectively guarantees the safety of the passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention and, compared to existing technologies, significantly reduces the self-weight and installation difficulty of the passive yaw floating foundation.

[0231] The following is a detailed preferred description of the mooring cable 110: Preferred option 1: The mooring cable 110 includes an anchor chain, and the lower part of the anchor chain is connected to an anchor structure. The anchor structure is preferably a gravity anchor, a suction pile anchor, a pile foundation anchor, or an anchor.

[0232] Preferred embodiment 2: The mooring cable 110 includes a rigid float 170, a variable-stiffness release cable and an anchor structure 150 connected in sequence. The variable-stiffness release cable includes a spring 123 in a compressed state and has a compressive force. During the extension of the variable-stiffness release cable, the compressive force of the spring 123 increases. The anchor structure is preferably a gravity anchor, a suction pile anchor, a pile foundation anchor or an anchor.

[0233] In this embodiment, a passive yaw floating foundation is described. The spring 123 is in a compressed state, meaning it initially has the required compression. In this state, the spring 123 possesses its own compressive force, i.e., the initial compressive force. When an external force (e.g., wind or wave force) acts on the rigid float 170, the variable-stiffness release cable connected to the rigid float 170 bears the tension exerted by the rigid float 170 on the variable-stiffness release cable. When the tension is small, it cannot completely overcome the initial compressive force of the variable-stiffness release structure 120. At this time, the relative displacement between the first structure 121 and the second structure 122 is 0 or very small, thus ensuring reliable transmission of tension under normal operating conditions. The rigid float 170 is controlled to move within a predetermined range. When encountering large wave impacts or occasional peak loads, the tension of the rigid float 170 on the variable rigid release cable completely overcomes the initial compressive force of the variable rigid release structure 120, and the variable rigid release cable elongates. At this time, the rigid float 170 is allowed to move larger, and the compressive force of the spring 123 gradually increases. That is, the force balance of the rigid float 170 changes from mainly relying on the elastic compressive force of the variable rigid release cable to partially utilizing the inertial force of the floating structure itself to achieve balance. Compared with cables without spring 123, this can significantly reduce the peak cable tension, further reducing the specifications and cost of cables and anchors.

[0234] In existing technologies, floating structures have six degrees of freedom, and the stress on anchor structures mainly depends on the stiffness of anchor cables. The elastic force and inertial force of a floating structure are balanced with the external load. If the elastic force increases, the inertial force decreases. Therefore, the cables currently used to connect floating wind turbine foundations are designed to balance the floating wind turbine foundation with the external load (wave force, wind, etc.) due to the swaying of the foundation. The cable force is generally in the thousands of tons. Therefore, the core problem that needs to be solved in the design of the passive yaw floating foundation provided by this invention is: how to make the cable play a limiting role under normal working conditions, but reduce the impact of the cable on the floating structure in extreme cases, and rely on the inertial force of the floating structure to make the floating structure self-balanced. That is, in extreme cases, the cable is placed in an elastic state to allow the floating structure to self-balance (the cable itself is a limiting role, but it will have a negative effect in extreme cases). Existing cables have a large cable force and anchor force when the wind and waves are large. Therefore, the cable and anchor structure are large in size and costly. However, the limiting of floating wind turbines is particularly important. The reason for limiting is to prevent the displacement from being too large and damaging the cable. The working state is 15m, and the extreme working condition is 35m. That is, it is desirable to be "rigid" during operation and "flexible" in extreme conditions.

[0235] This embodiment of a passive yaw floating foundation enables it to withstand only 200-400t of cable force under the same environmental conditions. This not only effectively reduces the impact of the cable on the floating structure, but also greatly reduces the specifications and stress requirements of the anchor structure 150.

[0236] The mooring cable 110 described in this embodiment is an adaptive cable that maintains high stiffness under low load and automatically reduces stiffness after exceeding a set threshold, and is referred to as "Stiff-Shift" cable.

[0237] In one or more embodiments, the domain-variable rigidity release cable includes a first cable 130 and a domain-variable rigidity release structure 120 connected in series, and the spring 123 is disposed on the domain-variable rigidity release structure 120.

[0238] The following describes a preferred embodiment of the domain-variable rigidity release structure 120: In one or more embodiments, one of the first structure 121 and the second structure 122 includes a first cylindrical body 124, and the other includes a first rod body 125; the first cylindrical body 124 has an inner cavity 126, one end of the inner cavity 126 is provided with a first limiting part 127, one end of the first rod body 125 passes through the first limiting part 127 and extends into the inner cavity 126, the portion of the first rod body 125 located in the inner cavity 126 is connected to a second limiting part 128, the spring 123 is sleeved on the outside of the first rod body 125, one end of the spring 123 abuts against the first limiting part 127, and the other end of the spring 123 abuts against the second limiting part 128.

[0239] In one or more embodiments, the second limiting portion 128 is a spherical member. This reduces the contact area between the second limiting portion 128 and the sidewall of the inner cavity 126, thereby reducing the frictional force between the second limiting portion 128 and the sidewall of the inner cavity 126.

[0240] In one or more embodiments, a thrust device 129 is further included. The thrust device 129 is movable relative to the first cylinder 124 along a first direction, whereby the first structure 121 and the second structure 122 move relative to each other. The thrust device 129 is fixed relative to the first structure 121, and it abuts against the side of the second limiting portion 128 away from the spring 123. The initial compression force of the spring 123 is adjusted by the relative position of the thrust device 129 and the first structure 121. This embodiment provides a passive yaw floating foundation that meets the usage requirements of different sea areas and operating conditions.

[0241] If no further adjustments are planned, the thrust device 129 and the first cylinder 124 can be welded together after the initial setup is completed; the portion of the first cylinder 124 located on the side of the thrust device 129 away from the spring 123 can be cut off.

[0242] Preferably, the spring 123 is a spring. The compressive force is the initial pressure of the spring, also called the spring preload.

[0243] In one or more embodiments, the thrust device 129 is provided with a threaded hole, and a fixing structure 1210 is threadedly fitted onto the threaded hole, the end of the fixing structure 1210 being able to abut against the inner cavity 126.

[0244] In one or more embodiments, the first cylinder 124 has a side hole 1211 on its side, and the fixing structure 1210 passes through the side hole 1211.

[0245] The following describes another preferred embodiment of the domain-variable rigidity release structure 120: Preferably, one of the first structure 121 and the second structure 122 includes a third rod 111, and the other includes at least two parallel fourth rods 112, the fourth rods 112 being arranged along the length direction of the third rod 111.

[0246] Preferably, the system further includes a third structure 113 and a fourth structure 114 spaced apart along the length of the third rod 111. The spring 123 is sleeved on the outside of the third rod 111 and is located between the third structure 113 and the fourth structure 114. One end of the spring 123 abuts against the third structure 113 and the other end abuts against the fourth structure 114. The third rod 111 can drive the fourth structure 114 to move closer to the third structure 113 along the length of the third rod 111.

[0247] In one or more embodiments, the third rod 111 is located between at least two fourth rods 112.

[0248] In one or more embodiments, the third rod 111 is connected to the fourth structure 114 and passes through the third structure 113.

[0249] In one or more embodiments, the fourth rod 112 is connected to the third structure 113 and passes through the fourth structure 114.

[0250] In one or more embodiments, the third structure 113 is provided with a first through hole 115 for the third rod 111 to pass through; the third rod 111 is provided with a third limiting part 117, one side of the third limiting part 117 abuts against the spring 123, and the other side abuts against the fourth structure 114; the third rod 111 is also connected to a first connecting structure 118, the first connecting structure 118 abuts against the side of the fourth structure 114 away from the spring 123.

[0251] In one or more embodiments, the first connecting structure 118 is threadedly engaged with the third rod 111.

[0252] In one or more embodiments, the third structure 113 is further provided with a second through hole 116 for the fourth rod 112 to pass through, the fourth rod 112 is connected with a second connecting structure 1110, the second connecting structure 1110 abuts against the side of the third structure 113 away from the fourth structure 114; the fourth structure 114 is further provided with a third through hole 1111 for the fourth rod 112 to pass through.

[0253] In one or more embodiments, the fourth structure 114 is further provided with a fourth through hole 1112 for the third rod 111 to pass through, and the outer diameter of the third limiting part 117 is larger than the diameter of the fourth through hole 1112.

[0254] In one or more embodiments, a second thrust device 119 is connected to the fourth rod 112, and the second thrust device 119 abuts against the side of the fourth structure 114 away from the third structure 113.

[0255] In one or more embodiments, the second thrust device 119 is threadedly connected to the fourth rod 112, and the second thrust device 119 is movable relative to the fourth rod 112 along the length direction of the fourth rod 112.

[0256] In one or more embodiments, the uppermost first cable 130 is connected to the rigid float 170.

[0257] In one or more embodiments, the uppermost first cable 130 is connected to the elastic cable 160.

[0258] In one or more embodiments, the uppermost domain-variable rigid release structure 120 is connected to the rigid float 170.

[0259] In one or more embodiments, the uppermost domain-variable rigidity release structure 120 is connected to the elastic cable 160.

[0260] In one or more embodiments, there are at least two domain-variable rigidity release structures 120, and a first cable 130 connects adjacent domain-variable rigidity release structures 120.

[0261] In one or more embodiments, there are at least two domain-variable rigidity release structures 120, wherein at least two adjacent domain-variable rigidity release structures 120 are directly connected.

[0262] The variable rigidity release cable can preferably be used in combination with general cables, such as for the suspended middle section or the bottom section. That is, the variable rigidity release cable can replace part of the cable: used in the suspended section or the bottom section or both.

[0263] The core mechanism of a passive yaw floating foundation described in this embodiment is as follows: The following discussion focuses on the spring 123, the variable rigidity release structure 120, and the passive yaw floating foundation as a whole: Spring 123: such as Figure 17 As shown, the variable-stress release structure 120 is configured with an initial compressive force, including a spring, a first structure 121, and a second structure 122. Wherein: T— The variable rigidity release structure 120 has external tensile force at both ends; δ init —The initial compression of spring 123, for example, the initial compression of the spring.

[0264] right Figure 12 The spring 123 and the portion of the first structure 121 contained within the second structure 122 are analyzed separately, and it can be seen that: F A — The tail end of the first structure 121 is subjected to the reaction force of the second structure 122; F B — The end of the second structure 122 is subjected to the pressure of the spring 123; δ ext —The maximum compression of spring 123 after activation, that is, the maximum total compression of spring 123 is δ max =δ init + δ ext .

[0265] And assume: δ —The compression of spring 123 after activation is also the external elongation of the domain variable stiffness release structure 120.

[0266] K —The elastic stiffness of spring 123, for example: spring 123 is preferably a spring, K This indicates the spring stiffness, measured in N / m.

[0267] The following describes in stages the different external forces acting on different units. T At that time, internal forces F A and F B The changes.

[0268] ①: The structure was not installed correctly in the initial state, resulting in external tension at both ends of the 120-degree variable rigidity release structure. T =0, at this time: F A = F B = Kδ init .

[0269] ②: The two ends of the variable rigidity release structure 120 already have external tension, but it is small and less than the initial compression stored force of the spring 123, that is... T ≤ Kδ init At this time: F A = Kδ init -T;FB = Kδ init ③: The tensile force at both ends of the variable rigidity release structure 120 exceeds the spring preload. T ≥ Kδ init At this time: δ init ≤ δ ≤ δ ext ; F A = 0;F B = T = Kδ.

[0270] The following analysis examines the force process of the domain-variable stiffness-release structure 120, synthesizing the three stages mentioned above: Figure 18 The curves show the relationship between the external tensile force T at both ends of the variable stiffness-releasing structure 120 and the elongation of the variable stiffness-releasing structure 120. The stress on the variable stiffness-releasing structure 120 is divided into three stages: I. Assembly Stage of the Domain Variable Stiff Release Structure 120: According to design requirements, preload spring 123 to the required preload amount. That is... Figure 14 The dotted line on the left is for illustrative purposes.

[0271] II. Initial (Unextended) Usage Stage of the Variable Rigidity Relief Structure 120: After completing the on-site series installation, when the external tensile force T on the variable rigidity relief structure 120 is small, the external tensile force T cannot completely overcome the initial compressive force of the spring 123 during assembly. See details. Figure 14 The stage where the elongation of the domain variable rigidity release structure is close to 0.

[0272] III. When the rigid float 170 undergoes a large displacement, and the external tension at both ends of the variable-stiffness-releasing structure 120 exceeds the initial compressive force of the spring 123, the variable-stiffness-releasing structure 120 continues to elongate. The elongation is the ratio of the increase in tension to the elastic stiffness of the spring 123. Figure 18 As shown on the right.

[0273] The following analysis examines the force process of a passive yaw floating foundation, which can be clearly divided into two stages.

[0274] Phase 1: When the tension has not yet reached the set threshold, the stiffness has not yet been released. The variable stiffness release cable exhibits characteristics similar to existing cables—as the floating structure moves away from the anchor point, the equivalent stiffness of the cable gradually increases, and the tension increases nonlinearly and at an accelerated rate.

[0275] Second stage: When the tensile force on the variable stiffness release structure 120 exceeds the initial compressive force [threshold] of the spring 123, the variable stiffness mechanism is triggered, and the overall stiffness of the variable stiffness release structure 120 changes to an approximately linear variation. At this time, its mechanical response is close to the spring stiffness [which can be approximated when the stiffness of other parts of the cable is much greater than the spring stiffness]. Therefore, the tension increases linearly with displacement.

[0276] Figure 19 The results also provide a comparison between conventional chains and variable stiffness release cables. It can be seen that in the second stage, the variable stiffness release cable can significantly reduce the peak cable tension while allowing the floating structure to produce greater displacement. That is, the force balance of the floating structure changes from primarily relying on the elastic compressive force of the cables to partially utilizing the inertial force of the floating structure itself to achieve balance.

[0277] Example 3 like Figure 1-20 As shown, this embodiment provides a wind power device, including a passive yaw floating foundation as described in Embodiment 1 or 2.

[0278] The passive yaw floating foundation described in this invention allows the floating wind turbine to rotate under wind conditions, ensuring that the turbine rotates around the rigid float 170, thus keeping the turbine rotor perpendicular to the wind and guaranteeing power generation efficiency. The buffer deformation float 400 ensures that the floating platform 300 does not collide with the rigid float 170 under adverse conditions, and that the elastic cable 160 does not become entangled with either the floating platform or the rigid float 170.

[0279] In one or more embodiments, the floating platform 300 is equipped with a fan 500.

[0280] More preferably, the fan equipment 500 includes a support frame 510 and a fan 520 supported on the upper part of the support frame.

[0281] In one or more embodiments, the support frame 510 is a truss structure.

[0282] In one or more embodiments, the buoyancy assembly 100 floats on the water surface.

[0283] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive yawing floating foundation, characterized by: It includes a floating platform (300) and an elastic cable (160), one end of which is connected to the floating platform (300), and the other end passes through a buffer deformable float (400) and is connected to a moorable float assembly (100); both the buffer deformable float (400) and the elastic cable (160) can shorten as the distance between the floating platform (300) and the float assembly (100) decreases, and the elastic cable (160) can also lengthen as the distance between the floating platform (300) and the float assembly (100) increases.

2. A passive yawing floating foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer deformable float (400) is provided with a first deformable cavity (403); the first deformable cavity (403) is open at both ends in the vertical direction; along the length direction of the elastic cable (160), the net width L1 of the first deformable cavity (403) can increase or decrease with the distance between the floating platform (300) and the float assembly (100).

3. A passive yawing floating foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are at least two first deformation cavities (403), and all the first deformation cavities (403) are arranged along the length direction of the elastic cable (160).

4. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buffer deformable float (400) includes a plurality of annular float structures (401) connected in series. The inner side of the annular float structure (401) forms the first deformable cavity (403). An arc-shaped member (402) is connected between adjacent annular float structures (401). The arc-shaped member (402) is located outside the annular float structure (401). The arc-shaped member (402) and the annular float structure (401) connected to it together form a second deformable cavity (404). Along the length direction of the elastic cable (160), the net width L2 of the second deformable cavity (404) can increase or decrease with the distance between the floating platform (300) and the float assembly (100).

5. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The annular floating structure (401) has a hollow annular structure on one side. And / or, The cross-section of the arc-shaped component (402) is a hollow annular structure; And / or, The annular floating structure (401) is partially and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the elastic cable (160); And / or, The arc-shaped components (402) located on both sides of the elastic cable (160) are symmetrically arranged; And / or, The arc-shaped member (402) is convex outward in a direction away from the elastic cable (160).

6. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjacent first deformation cavities (403) share a portion of sidewall (407), the end of the sidewall (407) protrudes radially from the first deformation cavity (403) along the elastic cable (160), an arc-shaped member (402) is connected between the ends of the adjacent sidewalls (407), and the adjacent sidewalls (407), the arc-shaped member (402) and the corresponding annular floating structure (401) form a second deformation cavity (404), the second deformation cavity (404) is located outside the first deformation cavity (403).

7. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The annular float structure (401) is provided with a through hole (412) adapted to the elastic cable (160), and the elastic cable (160) passes through the through hole (412); the elastic cable (160) is connected to or slidably engaged with at least part of the annular float structure (401).

8. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic cable (160) passes through the first deformation cavity (403); or, The elastic cable (160) is located at the lower part of the first deformation cavity (403); or, The elastic cable (160) is located at the upper part of the first deformation cavity (403).

9. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer deformable float (400) is connected to the floating platform (300) and the float assembly (100) respectively, and the buffer deformable float (400) can also grow as the distance between the floating platform (300) and the float assembly (100) increases; The buffer deformable float (400) and the elastic cable (160) are respectively connected to the floating platform (300) at different positions; The buffer deformable float (400) and the elastic cable (160) are connected to the float assembly (100) at different positions.

10. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The floating platform (300) is connected to the buffer deformable float (400) on both sides of its horizontal connection point with the elastic cable (160); The float assembly (100) is connected to the buffer deformable float (400) on both sides of its horizontal connection point with the elastic cable (160).

11. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection position of the buffer deformable float (400) and the floating platform (300) is symmetrically arranged with respect to the elastic cable (160); The connection positions of the buffer deformable float (400) and the float assembly (100) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the elastic cable (160).

12. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material used to make the buffer deformable float (400) includes high-density polyethylene; And / or, At least one section of the elastic cable (160) is a nylon rope.

13. A passive yaw floating foundation according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that: The floating body assembly (100) includes a rigid floating body (170) and at least one mooring cable (110) for mooring the rigid floating body (170), and a buffer deformable floating body (400) is disposed between the floating platform (300) and the rigid floating body (170).

14. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 13, characterized in that: Along the length of the elastic cable (160), the distance between the rigid float (170) and the floating platform (300) is L0; along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the elastic cable (160), the maximum width of the buffer deformable float (400) is W0; K1=L0 / W0, K1≤5, W0≥12m; Along the height direction, the maximum height of the buffer deformable float (400) is H0≤2m.

15. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 13, characterized in that: The rigid float (170) is provided with a through hole (171), and the integral structure formed by the elastic cable (160) and the mooring cable (110) passes through the through hole (171) and can move along the length direction of the through hole (171).

16. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 15, characterized in that: The rigid float (170) includes at least two float units (172), and a connecting part (173) is connected between adjacent float units (172). The through hole (171) is provided on the connecting part (173). The buffer deformable float (400) can be connected to and / or abut against at least one float unit (172) on both sides of the connecting part (173).

17. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 16, characterized in that: The rigid float (170) is provided with a first steering device (174), and the integral structure formed by the connection of the elastic cable (160) and the mooring cable (110) rolls in cooperation with the first steering device (174); The rigid float (170) is also provided with a second steering device (175). The integral structure formed by the connection of the elastic cable (160) and the mooring cable (110) passes through the through hole (171) after passing around the second steering device (175) and the first steering device (174) in sequence.

18. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 13, characterized in that: The rigid float (170) is connected to the elastic cable (160) and the mooring cable (110) respectively.

19. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 13, characterized in that: A third steering device (303) is provided on the side of the floating platform (300) near the buffer deformable float (400). A cable fixing device (306) is provided on the top of the floating platform (300). A fourth steering device (304) is also connected to the part of the floating platform (300) between the third steering device (303) and the cable fixing device (306). The end of the elastic cable (160) near the floating platform (300) passes around the third steering device (303) and the fourth steering device (304) in sequence and is connected to the cable fixing device (306).

20. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 13, characterized in that: The mooring cable (110) includes a variable stiffness release structure (120) and a first cable (130) arranged in series. The variable stiffness release structure (120) includes a spring (123) in a compressed state. During the elongation of the mooring cable (110), the compression of the spring (123) increases.

21. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 20, characterized in that: The uppermost first cable (130) is connected to the rigid float (170); or, The uppermost first cable (130) is connected to the elastic cable (160); or The uppermost domain-variable rigid release structure (120) is connected to the rigid float (170); or The uppermost domain-variable rigid release structure (120) is connected to the elastic cable (160).

22. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 20, characterized in that: The domain-variable rigidity release structure (120) includes a first structure (121) and a second structure (122) that are capable of relative movement. During the process of the mooring cable (110) being extended by the relative movement of the first structure (121) and the second structure (122), the compression of the spring (123) increases.

23. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 22, characterized in that: One of the first structure (121) and the second structure (122) includes a first cylinder (124), and the other includes a first rod (125). The first cylinder (124) has an inner cavity (126). A first limiting part (127) is provided at one end of the inner cavity (126). One end of the first rod (125) passes through the first limiting part (127) and extends into the inner cavity (126). The portion of the first rod (125) located in the inner cavity (126) is connected to a second limiting part (128). A spring (123) is sleeved on the outside of the first rod (125). One end of the spring (123) abuts against the first limiting part (127), and the other end of the spring (123) abuts against the second limiting part (128).

24. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 23, characterized in that: It also includes a thrust stop device (129), which is movable relative to the first cylinder (124) in a first direction, the first direction being the relative movement direction of the first structure (121) and the second structure (122). The thrust stop device (129) is fixed relative to the first structure (121), and the thrust stop device (129) abuts against the side of the second limiting part (128) away from the spring (123).

25. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 24, characterized in that: One of the first structure (121) and the second structure (122) includes a third rod (111), and the other includes at least two parallel fourth rods (112), the fourth rods (112) being arranged along the length direction of the third rod (111); It also includes a third structure (113) and a fourth structure (114) arranged at intervals along the length direction of the third rod (111). The spring (123) is sleeved on the outside of the third rod (111). The spring (123) is located between the third structure (113) and the fourth structure (114). One end of the spring (123) abuts against the third structure (113), and the other end abuts against the fourth structure (114). The third rod (111) can drive the fourth structure (114) to move closer to the third structure (113) along the length direction of the third rod (111). The third rod (111) is located between at least two fourth rods (112). The third rod (111) is connected to the fourth structure (114) and passes through the third structure (113). The fourth rod (112) is connected to the third structure (113) and passes through the fourth structure (114).

26. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 25, characterized in that: The third structure (113) is provided with a first through hole (115) for the third rod (111) to pass through; the third rod (111) is provided with a third limiting part (117), one side of the third limiting part (117) abuts against the spring (123), and the other side abuts against the fourth structure (114); the third rod (111) is also connected to a first connecting structure (118), the first connecting structure (118) abuts against the side of the fourth structure (114) away from the spring (123); The third structure (113) is also provided with a second through hole (116) for the fourth rod (112) to pass through. The fourth rod (112) is connected with a second connecting structure (1110). The second connecting structure (1110) abuts against the side of the third structure (113) away from the fourth structure (114). The fourth structure (114) is also provided with a third through hole (1111) for the fourth rod (112) to pass through. The fourth structure (114) is also provided with a fourth through hole (1112) for the third rod (111) to pass through, and the outer diameter of the third limiting part (117) is larger than the diameter of the fourth through hole (1112).

27. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 26, characterized in that: A second thrust device (119) is connected to the fourth rod (112). The second thrust device (119) abuts against the side of the fourth structure (114) away from the third structure (113). The second thrust device (119) is threadedly connected to the fourth rod (112). The second thrust device (119) can move relative to the fourth rod (112) along the length direction of the fourth rod (112).

28. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 27, characterized in that: At least two of the fourth rods (112) are connected to the first cable (130) via a flexible connection device (140), the flexible connection device (140) including a connection structure (141), one end of the connection structure (141) being connected to the first cable (130), and the other end being connected to at least two second cables (142), the end of the second cable (142) away from the connection structure (141) being connected to the fourth rod (112).

29. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 22, characterized in that: The first structure (121) and the second structure (122) of at least one domain variable rigid release structure (120) are both connected to the first cable (130).

30. A passive yaw floating foundation according to claim 20, wherein the domain-variable stiffness release structure (120) is at least two, and at least some of the domain-variable stiffness release structures (120) are arranged in series, wherein: The first cable (130) is connected between adjacent domain-variable rigid release structures (120); And / or, At least two adjacent domain-variable rigid release structures (120) are directly connected.

31. A wind power device, characterized in that: The passive yaw floating foundation includes any one of claims 1-31, wherein the floating platform (300) is equipped with a support frame (510), a fan (520) is supported on the support frame (510), and the floating body assembly (100) floats on the water.

32. A wind power device according to claim 31, characterized in that: The support frame (510) is a truss structure.

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