Ocean current driven dynamic tracking and capturing device for marine suspended particles

Abstract

This invention discloses a current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter, comprising a main body, a capture component, a telescopic mechanism, a conical confluence mechanism, and a deceleration mechanism. The main body is rotatably mounted on a friction platform via a rotating platform; the capture component includes a horizontal capture tube and a kaleidoscope-style roller shutter mechanism to adjust the capture flux; the telescopic mechanism has a float at its end, which drives the device to turn under the influence of the current; the conical confluence mechanism has a trumpet-shaped, openable structure to converge the current and suppress oscillation; the deceleration mechanism adopts an accordion-style stacked plate structure to provide graded frictional resistance. This invention utilizes the passive driving of the current for steering, requiring no active power supply. Through the coordinated adjustment of the telescopic mechanism, the conical confluence mechanism, and the deceleration mechanism, it achieves a wide-range rapid response and smooth deceleration, and can adaptively track changes in the direction of the current, enabling long-term, continuous, and dynamic capture of marine suspended particulate matter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine environmental monitoring technology, specifically to a current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter. Background Technology

[0002] Marine suspended particulate matter carries crucial information from various aspects of marine physics, chemistry, and biology, and is of great significance for assessing the environmental impact of deep-sea mining, studying marine carbon sinks, and analyzing coastal erosion and sedimentation processes. Therefore, achieving dynamic capture of marine suspended particulate matter is of significant research value.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for capturing suspended particulate matter in the ocean include bottom sediment samplers and sediment traps. Among them, bottom sediment samplers (such as seabed trawlers and multi-tube column samplers) are very expensive and complex to operate, and can only obtain discrete data at specific times, lacking continuity.

[0004] Traditional vertical and horizontal sediment traps can achieve time-series capture, but they have the drawback of fixed capture angles, which cannot be dynamically adjusted with the direction of ocean currents, and are prone to missing a large amount of transport information of suspended particles.

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of existing technologies, there is an urgent need to develop a device that can dynamically adjust with the direction of ocean currents and stably capture suspended particulate matter. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, which has a fixed capture angle and cannot be dynamically tracked, and to provide a current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particles, so as to achieve adaptive and stable dynamic capture of drifting suspended particles.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter, comprising: The main body of the device includes a platform frame, a rotating platform, a friction platform, and a rotating base. The platform frame is mounted on the rotating platform, the rotating base is mounted at the center of the friction platform, and the rotating platform is mounted on the rotating base and can rotate relative to the friction platform. A capture component, mounted on the platform frame, is used to capture marine suspended particulate matter transported by ocean currents; The telescopic mechanism, installed on the platform frame, includes multi-stage telescopic rods and floats disposed on the multi-stage telescopic rods, with one end of each multi-stage telescopic rod connected to the platform frame; A conical confluence mechanism is connected to the telescopic mechanism and has an openable and closable horn-shaped confluence surface for converging ocean currents and suppressing the swaying of the main body of the device. A speed reduction mechanism is installed between the rotating platform and the friction platform to provide adjustable frictional resistance when the rotating platform turns.

[0008] Preferably, the capture assembly includes at least one horizontal capture tube, an intercepting filter, a particulate matter collection tube, and a kaleidoscope-type roller shutter mechanism; the horizontal capture tube is mounted on the platform frame, the intercepting filter is inclinedly disposed inside the horizontal capture tube, the particulate matter collection tube is installed below the horizontal capture tube and communicates with the horizontal capture tube; the kaleidoscope-type roller shutter mechanism is disposed at the opening of the horizontal capture tube and is used to adjust the capture area of ​​the opening.

[0009] Preferably, the kaleidoscope roller shutter mechanism includes a ring gear, a slide rail, a slide table, a servo motor, a pinion, a dial plate, a fixing plate, and multiple kaleidoscope blades; the ring gear is nested in the outer wall of the horizontal capture tube, the slide rail is fixed to the ring gear, the slide table is slidably disposed on the slide rail, the servo motor is mounted on the slide table, the pinion meshes with the ring gear and is driven by the servo motor, the dial plate is connected to the slide table through a connecting rod, two layers of fixing plates are fixedly connected to the front opening of the horizontal capture tube, and several kaleidoscope blades are disposed between the two layers of fixing plates, the kaleidoscope blades are connected to the dial plate through a fixing frame.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism further includes a telescopic controller, a first-stage rod, a second-stage rod, and a third-stage rod; the first-stage rod, the second-stage rod, and the third-stage rod are sequentially connected to form the multi-stage telescopic rod, and the telescopic controller is used to control the extension and retraction of the multi-stage telescopic rod; the float is fixed to the second-stage rod by a clamp.

[0011] Preferably, the umbrella-shaped manifold mechanism includes a flexible manifold cover, a support rod, a hinge center, a hinge rod, and an opening / closing adjustment arm; the support rod is connected to the secondary rod via a fixing ring, the flexible manifold cover is disposed around the support rod, the manifold opening is located at the top of the flexible manifold cover and is a cylindrical opening with internal and external connections, the hinge center is slidably disposed on the support rod, and the two ends of the hinge rod are respectively hinged to the hinge center and the inner wall of the flexible manifold cover; the opening / closing adjustment arm is disposed at the end of the tertiary rod and connected to the hinge center, and is used to drive the hinge center to slide along the support rod to adjust the opening / closing angle of the flexible manifold cover.

[0012] Preferably, the deceleration mechanism is an accordion-type deceleration mechanism, including a linear motion device, a connecting arm, an upper pressure plate, an accordion-type plate assembly, a lower pressure plate, and a friction rail disposed on the friction platform; the linear motion device is mounted on the rotating platform, the connecting arm connects the motion plate of the linear motion device and the upper pressure plate, the accordion-type plate assembly connects the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate, and the lower pressure plate is located above the friction rail and can contact the friction rail under the drive of the linear motion device.

[0013] Preferably, the capture assembly further includes a control cabin, an attitude sensor, a turbidity meter, and a current meter; the attitude sensor is mounted on the rotating platform and is used to monitor the angular velocity of the rotating platform; the turbidity meter and the current meter are mounted on the platform frame and are used to monitor the velocity, direction, and turbidity of the ocean current; the control cabin is located at the rear of the platform frame and is used to control the main body of the device, the telescopic mechanism, the umbrella cone-type confluence mechanism, and the deceleration mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the friction platform is provided with a plurality of pins circumferentially below it for insertion into the seabed to secure the device.

[0015] Preferably, the main body of the device further includes lifting rings, which are circumferentially installed at the four ends of the top of the platform frame for moving and hoisting the device.

[0016] Preferably, a mud-blocking ring is provided at the outer edge of the friction track.

[0017] Beneficial effects This invention provides a current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter, which has the following advantages: 1. This current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter uses the torque generated by the current acting on the buoy to achieve passive drive steering of the device, without the need for continuous active power supply. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional capture devices with fixed capture angles and can adaptively adjust to changes in the direction of the current to obtain information on the transport of suspended particulate matter throughout the entire chain, significantly reducing energy consumption.

[0018] 2. This current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for suspended marine particles utilizes a synergistic integrated adjustment of a conical confluence mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, and an accordion-style deceleration mechanism. The conical confluence mechanism, with its trumpet-shaped structure, gathers the current to form a stable jet, suppressing small-range platform sway. When the current direction changes drastically, the telescopic mechanism extends multi-stage rods to increase the driving torque, achieving rapid response. Simultaneously, if the turning angular velocity is too high, the accordion-style deceleration mechanism provides graded frictional resistance through layered laminations, achieving smooth deceleration. The synergy of these three mechanisms enables precise and stable steering of the device under various sea conditions.

[0019] 3. This current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for suspended particulate matter in the ocean features a kaleidoscope-style roller shutter mechanism at the capture tube inlet. By using a servo motor to drive the blades to open and close, the effective inflow area of ​​the capture tube in real time can be adjusted, thereby controlling the flux of suspended particulate matter entering the capture tube. This design allows the device to flexibly cope with extreme and complex conditions such as storm surges and sudden turbidity currents, preventing the flux from exceeding the device's range and improving the device's adaptability to various operating conditions and the effectiveness of data acquisition.

[0020] 4. This current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for suspended marine particulate matter integrates attitude sensors, a turbidimeter, and a current meter to monitor in real time key parameters such as the device's own attitude angle, turning angular velocity, and the velocity, direction, and turbidity of the surrounding ocean currents. Combined with time-series collected particulate matter samples, it provides in-situ, continuous, and multi-dimensional data support for deep-sea mining environmental impact assessments, marine carbon sink research, and coastal erosion and sedimentation process analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the capture component structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the kaleidoscope-type roller blind mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the umbrella-shaped conical busbar mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing adjustment structure of the umbrella-shaped conical busbar mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the consolidation ring of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the accordion-type speed reduction mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the steering process structure of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Platform frame; 2. Lifting ring; 3. Rotating platform; 4. Friction platform; 5. Pin; 100. Capture assembly; 200. Telescopic mechanism; 300. Umbrella cone-type confluence mechanism; 400. Accordion-type reduction mechanism; 101. Capture tube; 102. Interception filter; 103. Particulate matter collection tube; 104. Control cabin; 105. Rotating base; 106. Attitude sensor; 107. Turbidity meter; 108. Flow meter; 1090. Kaleidoscope-type roller shutter mechanism; 1091. Ring gear; 1092. Slide rail; 1093. Slide table; 1094. Connecting rod; 1095. Servo motor; 1096. Pinion; 10 97. Dial plate; 1098. Fixing plate; 1099. Kaleidoscope blade; 201. Telescopic controller; 202. First-stage rod; 203. Second-stage rod; 204. Float; 205. Third-stage rod; 206. Clamp; 301. Flexible manifold; 302. Fixed block; 303. Hinge rod; 304. Fancy fixed block; 305. Manifold; 306. Support rod; 307. Fixed ring; 308. Hinge hub; 309. Opening and closing adjustment arm; 401. Linear motion device; 402. Connecting arm; 403. Upper pressure plate; 404. Accordion-style stacked plate assembly; 405. Lower pressure plate; 406. Friction track; 407. Mudguard ring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-9This invention provides a technical solution: a current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter, comprising a main body, which includes a platform frame 1, lifting rings 2, a rotating platform 3, a friction platform 4, pins 5, and a rotating base 105. The platform frame 1 is bolted to the rotating platform 3, and the rotating base 105 is fixedly installed at the center of the friction platform 4. The rotating platform 3 is mounted on the rotating base 105 and can rotate accordingly. The lifting rings 2 are circumferentially installed at the four ends of the top of the platform frame 1 for moving and hoisting the device. There are four pins 5, which are circumferentially installed below the friction platform 4 and can be inserted into the seabed to ensure the stability and levelness of the platform.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the capture assembly 100 consists of two capture structures at different elevations, including a horizontal capture tube 101, an intercepting filter 102, a particulate matter collection tube 103, a control chamber 104, an attitude sensor 106, a turbidity meter 107, a flow meter 108, and a kaleidoscope-style roller shutter mechanism 1090. There are two horizontal capture tubes 101, each mounted on a base at a different elevation on the platform frame 1. The ocean current carrying particulate matter enters from the front opening and exits from the rear opening. The horizontal capture tube 101 contains an inclined intercepting filter 102, which intercepts particles larger than the filter's pore size as the ocean current flows through it. The particulate matter collection tube 103 is installed below the horizontal capture tubes 101; intercepted particles fall sequentially into the particulate matter collection tube 103 under gravity. The control chamber 104 is located at the rear of the platform frame 1 and controls all parts of the entire device. Attitude sensor 106 is located in front of rotating platform 3 to monitor the attitude angle of the device and the angular velocity of rotating platform 3. Turbidity meter 107 and current meter 108 are both mounted on the crossbeam in the lower middle part of the front of platform frame 1 to monitor the current current velocity, direction and turbidity. Kaleidoscope-type roller shutter mechanism 1090 is designed at the capture port of horizontal capture tube 101 to control the particulate flux entering horizontal capture tube 101.

[0027] The kaleidoscope-type roller blind mechanism 1090 includes a ring gear 1091, a slide rail 1092, a slide table 1093, a connecting rod 1094, a servo motor 1095, a pinion 1096, a lever 1097, a fixing plate 1098, and kaleidoscope blades 1099. A ring gear 1091 is nested on the front outer wall of the horizontal capture tube 101. A slide rail 1092 is fixed to the rear of the ring gear 1091. A slide table 1093 can slide freely on the slide rail 1092. A servo motor 1095 is mounted on the base of the slide table 1093. A pinion 1096 meshes with the ring gear 1091 and is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 1095 via a drive shaft mounted at the center. Two layers of fixed plates 1098 are fixed at the front opening of the horizontal capture tube 101. Several kaleidoscope blades 1099 are arranged between the two layers of fixed plates 1098. The kaleidoscope blades 1099 are connected to a lever plate 1097 via a fixed bracket. The lever plate 1097 is connected to the slide table 1093 via a connecting rod 1094. When the output shaft of the servo motor 1095 drives the pinion 1096 to perform transmission motion on the ring gear 1091 through the connected transmission shaft, it will simultaneously drive the servo motor 1095 mounted on the slide table 1093 to move. The slide table 1093 then slides on the slide rail 1092. The sliding of the slide table 1093 will simultaneously drive the dial plate 1097 to rotate through the connecting rod 1094. Since the kaleidoscope blades 1099 between the two fixed plates 1098 are connected to the dial plate 1097 through the fixed frame, the movement of the dial plate 1097 will drive the opening and closing of the kaleidoscope blades 1099, thereby controlling the capture area of ​​the capture port of the horizontal capture tube 101.

[0028] The telescopic mechanism 200 mainly consists of multi-stage telescopic rods, including a telescopic controller 201, a primary rod 202, a secondary rod 203, a float 204, a tertiary rod 205, and a clamp 206. The telescopic controller 201 is installed on the crossbeam at the center of the rear of the platform frame 1 and is connected to the primary rod 202. The primary rod 202 is connected to the secondary rod 203, and the secondary rod 203 is connected to the tertiary rod 205, together forming a multi-stage telescopic rod capable of axial extension and retraction. The clamp 206 is fixed to the middle of the secondary rod 203, and the float 204 is fixed to the clamp 206. When the primary rod 202 and the secondary rod 203 extend or retract, they simultaneously drive the float 204 and the umbrella-shaped confluence mechanism 300 to linear displacement.

[0029] The umbrella-shaped junction mechanism 300 is a trumpet-shaped structure that can be retracted and opened like an umbrella. It includes a flexible junction cover 301, a fixing block 302, a hinge rod 303, a fancy fixing block 304, a junction port 305, a support rod 306, a fixing ring 307, a hinge center 308, and an opening and closing adjustment arm 309. A fancy fixing block 304 is fixed to the end of the support rod 306. The fancy fixing block 304 is fixed inside the flexible manifold 301 near the top of the hood, which serves to connect and stabilize the support rod 306 and the flexible manifold 301. The hinge hub 308 can slide on the support rod 306. There are four hinge rods 303, one end of which is circumferentially hinged to the hinge hub 308, and the other end is hinged to the fixing block 302. There are four fixing blocks 302, which are circumferentially distributed and fixed in the middle of the flexible manifold 301. The front end of the support rod 306 is fixed to the fixing ring 307. The other end of the fixing ring 307 is fixed to the secondary rod 203. The support rod 306 is connected to the secondary rod 203 through the fixing ring 307. Therefore, when the primary rod 202 or the secondary rod 203 extends or retracts, it will drive the extension and retraction of the umbrella cone manifold mechanism 300 through the fixing ring 307. The confluence vent 305, located at the top of the flexible confluence hood 301, is a cylindrical opening connecting the inside and outside. The outer surface of the umbrella-cone confluence mechanism 300 is funnel-shaped, providing a large surface area to cover currents from different directions. Regardless of the direction of the current, the conical surface of the flexible confluence hood 301 exerts a "guiding force" on the water flow, forcing it to converge along the normal direction of the surface towards the central axis. Inside the hood, the water flow, constrained by the conical inner wall, gradually changes from "radial flow" to "axial flow." During the convergence process, the water flows from different directions collide and mix, ultimately forming a uniform, directional direct current that flows towards the confluence vent 305, creating a stable jet that suppresses platform sway and improves overall stability. In extreme sea conditions and during large-scale turns, the umbrella canopy can be retracted to reduce the stress area, lower equipment load, and protect the structure.

[0030] The third-stage rod 205 is located within the consolidation ring 307. An opening / closing adjustment arm 309 is designed at the end of the third-stage rod 205. The arm of the opening / closing adjustment arm 309 can slide within a groove at the front end of the support rod 306. A circular control handle is designed at the end of the opening / closing adjustment arm 309, and the control handle is connected to the hinge center 308. When the third-stage rod 205 extends or retracts axially, it will cause the opening / closing adjustment arm 309 to move. Since the control handle at the end of the opening / closing adjustment arm 309 is connected to the hinge center 308, the hinge rod 303 can be driven by the hinge center 308 to perform the opening / closing action.

[0031] The accordion-style deceleration mechanism 400 has a multi-layered compression and opening structure, similar to an accordion. There are two accordion-style deceleration mechanisms 400, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the platform frame 1, including: linear motion device 401, connecting arm 402, upper pressure plate 403, accordion-style stacked plate group 404, rubber lower pressure plate 405, friction track 406, and mudguard ring 407. The linear motion device 401 is mounted on the rotating platform 3 via a base. A connecting arm 402 is mounted on the motion plate of the linear motion device 401, and an upper pressure plate 403 is fixed to the other end of the connecting arm 402. An accordion-style laminated plate assembly 404 is connected below the upper pressure plate 403, and a rubber lower pressure plate 405 is mounted below the accordion-style laminated plate assembly 404. A ring-shaped friction track 406 is designed at the edge of the friction platform 4, and a mud-blocking ring 407 is designed at the outer edge of the friction track 406. The mud-blocking ring 407 can effectively prevent mud and other impurities from entering the friction track 406. The accordion-style laminated plate assembly 404 and the rubber lower pressure plate 405 are located directly above the friction track 406, and the rubber lower pressure plate 405 can contact the friction track 406. When the motion plate of the linear motion device 401 moves downward, the rubber pressure plate 405 contacts the friction track 406 under the connecting action of the connecting arm 402. As the linear motion device 401 gradually descends, the accordion-style laminated plate assembly 404 will gradually adhere to the pressure plate 405, obtaining different levels of downward force, thereby adjusting the friction during the steering process. If traditional spring compression is used, nonlinear problems such as "ineffective compression and lock-up due to excessive compression" are prone to occur, making precise control difficult. However, the innovatively designed accordion-style structure achieves stepped linear deceleration through the "layer-by-layer adhesion" of multiple laminated plates. This "gear-like" adjustment transforms the ambiguous linear force into a clear graded force, perfectly matching the deceleration requirements under different ocean current conditions. At the same time, by controlling the number of laminated plate layers, the negative torque can be precisely adjusted to obtain different magnitudes of negative angular acceleration.

[0032] Example 1, Steady-state merging mode: like Figure 1 As shown, the cable is connected to the lifting ring 2 via a transport vehicle, and the device is lowered to the seabed. Under the action of the device's own weight, the pin 5 is inserted into the seabed until the bottom surface of the friction platform 4 is flush with the seabed surface, completing the deployment of the device. At this time, the first-stage rod 202 and the second-stage rod 203 are retracted to their shortest length by the telescopic controller 201, and the flexible confluence hood 301 is opened to its maximum area by the umbrella cone-type confluence mechanism 300 (e.g., Figure 5 (As shown). Guided by the conical curved surface of the flexible confluence dome 301, the ocean current converges towards the confluence port 305, forming a stable jet and suppressing small-range platform sway. The capture component 100 begins to capture suspended particulate matter in the current ocean current direction, while the turbidity meter 107 and current meter 108 monitor ocean current parameters in real time and transmit them to the shore-based platform through the control cabin 104.

[0033] Example 2, Small Steering Mode: When the current meter 108 detects that the deviation angle between the current current direction and the positive direction of the horizontal capture tube 101 exceeds the effective convergence angle range of the flexible confluence dome 301 (e.g., ±30°), but is within the range of 30° to 60°, the device enters a small-amplitude turning phase. The float 204 generates a driving torque under the action of the current, driving the rotating platform 3 to rotate around the rotating base 105. During the turning process, the attitude sensor 106 monitors the angular velocity of the rotating platform 3 in real time. If the angular velocity does not exceed the safety threshold, the device smoothly turns to the new current direction.

[0034] Example 3, Sharp Turning Mode: When the current meter 108 detects that the deviation angle between the current direction and the positive direction of the capture tube opening is within the range of 60° to 180°, the device enters a large-amplitude turning phase to quickly respond to changes in the current. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the telescopic mechanism 200 extends the first-stage rod 202 and the second-stage rod 203 to their maximum length to increase the driving torque. Simultaneously, the umbrella-shaped conical junction mechanism 300, through the third-stage rod 205, drives the opening and closing adjustment arm 309, which in turn drives the hinge pivot 308 to slide along the support rod 306, causing the hinge rod 303 to retract, thereby shrinking the flexible junction box 301 to its minimum area (e.g., ...). Figure 6 (As shown), to reduce fluid resistance during steering. If the attitude sensor 106 detects that the angular velocity exceeds the safe value during steering, the accordion-type deceleration mechanism 400 is activated. The linear motion unit 401 drives the connecting arm 402 to press down, causing the rubber pressure plate 405 to contact the friction track 406, and controls the number of bonding layers of the accordion-type laminated group 404 as needed to provide graded frictional resistance, achieve smooth deceleration, and ensure that the device accurately and stably reaches the target direction.

[0035] The derivation and calculation process of the phase fit theory is as follows: Deviation angle and state interval division formula (1) Calculation of deviation angle To capture the positive angle of the nozzle With 0 as the reference angle, then relative to the direction of incoming flow... f deviation angle It can be calculated using the following formula: To avoid angles spanning multiple cycles, the deviation angle is mapped to... Within the interval, we have: In actual control, the absolute value is used to determine the interval: (2) State interval division when At this point, it is in the steady-state confluence stage. At this time, the effective frontal area A of the umbrella-cone confluence mechanism is at its maximum value. It can achieve stable capture and merging, and suppress small-amplitude oscillations.

[0036] when At this stage, the turning platform begins to turn under the influence of the ocean current. Because the deviation angle is small, it is not necessary to adjust the effective lever arm length of the telescopic mechanism at this point. During rapid steering, the attitude sensor monitors whether the platform's angular velocity exceeds a preset maximum value. This allows us to determine whether it is necessary to slow down in advance.

[0037] when This is the stage of significant turning. At this point, in order to quickly reach the target direction, obtain a large driving torque, and satisfy the turning conditions... If the platform can meet the conditions for turning from rest, then adjust the telescopic rod to its maximum. The effective frontal area A of the umbrella-cone type condenser is minimized. At the same time, due to the large deviation angle, the rotational speed of the rotating platform may become too high during the turning process, exceeding the safety threshold. > In order to prevent large swings caused by inertia, which would affect the continuity and stability of the capture process, an accordion-type deceleration mechanism is needed to decelerate the rotating platform in advance and stably reach the expected capture direction.

[0038] Drive torque calculation During a significant turning phase, the effective frontal area A of the retractable conical confluence mechanism reaches its minimum value. At this time, the driving torque generated by the ocean current thrust on the buoy is: in, The thrust of the ocean current on the buoy.

[0039] When a fluid flows around a sphere, assuming the incoming flow is perfectly uniform, the resistance experienced by the sphere in the stationary fluid and the thrust exerted on the stationary sphere by the moving fluid flowing around the sphere are equal.

[0040] When a sphere moves in a viscous fluid, the resistance exerted by the fluid on the sphere... It consists of pressure resistance and frictional resistance. The expression is as follows: in This is the density of seawater.

[0041] Then we have: Calculation of deceleration negative torque (1) Accordion-style single-layer laminated positive pressure The elastic normal force generated by the compression of a single-layer laminate can be expressed by Hooke's Law as follows: Where k is the equivalent stiffness of the laminated material.

[0042] (2) Total pressure of multi-layer lamination The total normal force during the bonding of m-layer laminates is: Based on Coulomb's law of friction, the frictional force provided by a single reduction gear is: (3) Deceleration friction negative torque The negative torque generated by the friction force produced by the single-set reduction mechanism around the center of rotation is: Since two sets of reduction gears are installed symmetrically, the total negative torque is: Dynamic equations of a rotating platform The complete torque balance equation for the rotation of the rotating platform about its central axis is: Substituting into the previous equation, we get: The state equations for each stage can be expressed as follows: Steady-state convergence phase ( ): , , Slight turning point ( ): , Significant shift phase ( ): , , .

[0043] Deceleration demand matching formula (1) Target deceleration angle acceleration If the angular velocity of the rotating platform exceeds the safe value during the turning process, that is... > Then, based on the remaining deviation angle and the current angular velocity, calculate the required deceleration angle acceleration: in This is the remaining deviation angle.

[0044] (2) Required negative torque The negative torque required to satisfy the deceleration requirement is calculated using the rotational law. for: (3) The number of matching brake layers and the distance H traveled by the linear motion machine The number of brake pad layers required for reverse bonding: Therefore, the distance that the linear motion device moves is: The number of layers must satisfy the following: , This represents the total number of laminated layers.

[0045] Steady-state determination and reset formula The target direction is considered reached and a steady state is entered when the following conditions are met: and After reaching the target direction, the structural parameters of the rotating platform are reset to their steady-state values. , , Regarding the actual use of this device: The flow direction of the ocean current carrying suspended particulate matter is monitored in real time by a flow meter, and the deviation angle between the current and the direction directly opposite the capture nozzle is calculated by the control cabin. The current state is determined by inputting the data into the state range. If it is in a steady-state confluence phase, monitoring continues. If it is in a small-amplitude turning phase, the attitude sensor monitors whether the platform's angular velocity exceeds a preset maximum value during the turning process. If the value exceeds the preset limit, the deceleration mechanism will be activated to slow down the platform in advance. During a sharp turn, the remaining deflection angle and current angular velocity are continuously calculated to determine the required number of accordion-style brake pad layers. And the corresponding distance traveled by the linear motion machine. The system controls the linear motion device to reach the desired position and decelerates the platform, thereby stabilizing the rotating platform's movement towards the target direction. Once the target direction is reached, the rotating platform's structural parameters are reset to steady-state values, and the direction of ocean current flow continues to be monitored.

[0046] Through the above-mentioned structural design and control methods, this invention achieves long-term, continuous, and dynamic tracking and capture of suspended particulate matter in the ocean, providing a reliable technical means for related marine scientific research.

[0047] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of this disclosure. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other. In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter, characterized in that, include: The main body of the device includes a platform frame (1), a rotating platform (3), a friction platform (4), and a rotating base (105). The platform frame (1) is mounted on the rotating platform (3), and the rotating base (105) is mounted at the center of the friction platform (4). The rotating platform (3) is mounted on the rotating base (105) and can rotate relative to the friction platform (4). A capture component (100), mounted on the platform frame (1), is used to capture marine suspended particulate matter transported by ocean currents; The telescopic mechanism (200) is installed on the platform frame (1) and includes a multi-stage telescopic rod and a float (204) set on the multi-stage telescopic rod. One end of the multi-stage telescopic rod is connected to the platform frame (1). A conical confluence mechanism (300) is connected to the telescopic mechanism (200) and has an openable and closable horn-shaped confluence surface for converging ocean currents and suppressing the swaying of the main body of the device; A speed reduction mechanism is installed between the rotating platform (3) and the friction platform (4) to provide adjustable frictional resistance when the rotating platform (3) turns.

2. The current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capture assembly (100) includes at least one horizontal capture tube (101), an intercepting filter (102), a particulate collection tube (103), and a kaleidoscope-type roller shutter mechanism (1090); the horizontal capture tube (101) is mounted on the platform frame (1), the intercepting filter (102) is inclinedly disposed inside the horizontal capture tube (101), and the particulate collection tube (103) is mounted below the horizontal capture tube (101) and communicates with the horizontal capture tube (101); the kaleidoscope-type roller shutter mechanism (1090) is disposed at the opening of the horizontal capture tube (101) and is used to adjust the capture area of ​​the opening.

3. The current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The kaleidoscope roller shutter mechanism (1090) includes a ring gear (1091), a slide rail (1092), a slide table (1093), a servo motor (1095), a pinion (1096), a dial plate (1097), a fixing plate (1098), and multiple kaleidoscope blades (1099); the ring gear (1091) is nested in the outer wall of the horizontal capture tube (101), the slide rail (1092) is fixed to the ring gear (1091), the slide table (1093) is slidably disposed on the slide rail (1092), and the servo motor (1095) 1095) is installed on the slide (1093). The pinion (1096) meshes with the ring gear (1091) and is driven by the servo motor (1095). The dial plate (1097) is connected to the slide (1093) through the connecting rod (1094). Two layers of fixing plates (1098) are fixedly connected to the front opening of the horizontal capture tube (101). Several kaleidoscope blades (1099) are arranged between the two layers of fixing plates (1098). The kaleidoscope blades (1099) are connected to the dial plate (1097) through the fixing frame.

4. The current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (200) further includes a telescopic controller (201), a first-stage rod (202), a second-stage rod (203), and a third-stage rod (205); the first-stage rod (202), the second-stage rod (203), and the third-stage rod (205) are sequentially connected to form the multi-stage telescopic rod, and the telescopic controller (201) is used to control the multi-stage telescopic rod to extend and retract; the float (204) is fixed to the second-stage rod (203) by a clamp (206).

5. The current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The umbrella-shaped junction mechanism (300) includes a flexible junction cover (301), a junction port (305), a support rod (306), a hinge center (308), a hinge rod (303), and an opening / closing adjustment arm (309). The support rod (306) is connected to the secondary rod (203) via a fixing ring (307). The flexible junction cover (301) is located on the periphery of the support rod (306), and the junction port (305) is located at the top of the flexible junction cover (301) and is a circular structure with internal and external connections. The cylindrical opening has a hinged pivot (308) slidably mounted on the support rod (306). The two ends of the hinged rod (303) are respectively hinged to the hinged pivot (308) and the inner wall of the flexible manifold (301). The opening and closing adjustment arm (309) is located at the end of the three-stage rod (205) and connected to the hinged pivot (308), and is used to drive the hinged pivot (308) to slide along the support rod (306) to adjust the opening and closing angle of the flexible manifold (301).

6. The current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deceleration mechanism is an accordion-type deceleration mechanism (400), including a linear motion device (401), a connecting arm (402), an upper pressure plate (403), an accordion-type stacked plate group (404), a lower pressure plate (405), and a friction rail (406) disposed on the friction platform (4); the linear motion device (401) is mounted on the rotating platform (3), the connecting arm (402) is connected between the motion plate of the linear motion device (401) and the upper pressure plate (403), the accordion-type stacked plate group (404) is connected between the upper pressure plate (403) and the lower pressure plate (405), and the lower pressure plate (405) is located above the friction rail (406) and can contact the friction rail (406) under the drive of the linear motion device (401).

7. The current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capture assembly (100) also includes a control cabin (104), an attitude sensor (106), a turbidity meter (107), and a current meter (108); the attitude sensor (106) is mounted on the rotating platform (3) and is used to monitor the angular velocity of the rotating platform (3); the turbidity meter (107) and the current meter (108) are mounted on the platform frame (1) and are used to monitor the velocity, direction, and turbidity of the ocean current; the control cabin (104) is located at the rear of the platform frame (1) and is used to control the main body of the device, the telescopic mechanism (200), the umbrella cone confluence mechanism (300), and the deceleration mechanism.

8. The current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction platform (4) is provided with a plurality of pins (5) circumferentially below it for insertion into the seabed to fix the device.

9. The current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the device also includes lifting rings 2, which are circumferentially installed at the four ends of the top of the platform frame 1 for moving and hoisting the device.

10. A current-driven dynamic tracking and capture device for marine suspended particulate matter according to claim 6, characterized in that: A mud-blocking ring (407) is provided at the outer edge of the friction track (406).

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