Centralized mechanical ventilation system for methanol fuelled ships

Abstract

The application discloses a centralized mechanical ventilation system of a methanol fuel ship, which is arranged on the methanol fuel ship, and the methanol fuel ship is provided with an inert gas chamber and a plurality of methanol leakage risk areas; the methanol fuel ship is provided with a centralized air extraction area, and the centralized air extraction area is arranged on a main deck side of the ship; all the methanol leakage risk areas and the inert gas chamber are connected to the centralized air extraction area through air extraction pipes; the centralized air extraction area is provided with an air outlet only in a direction towards the side of the ship; and the centralized air extraction area is provided with an air extractor. The application can reduce the area of a dangerous area, improve the activity area and safety coefficient of the crew, and greatly reduce the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine technology, and in particular to a centralized mechanical ventilation system for methanol-fueled ships. Background Technology

[0002] For methanol-fueled ships, in order to prevent risks such as poisoning, fire or even explosion caused by methanol leakage, classification society regulations require that rooms with methanol fuel-related facilities be equipped with mechanical ventilation to exhaust the mixed gas containing methanol vapor outside the rooms.

[0003] The existing ventilation system design for methanol dual-fuel ships involves independent ventilation for each compartment, with air outlets distributed throughout the ship, resulting in a wide, dispersed distribution of hazardous areas and a large total area. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the fuel preparation room 51, fuel connection area 52, inert gas chamber 53, fuel valve group unit, and fuel filling station 55 all adopt independent ventilation design, each equipped with two independent power supplies, two exhaust fans (one for use and one for backup), and independent air inlets and outlets; each is equipped with a gas detection device 57. Figure 1 The area indicated by the double-dotted line is the danger zone.

[0004] The existing technological solutions have the following drawbacks: 1. The entire ventilation system requires a large number of fans, long ducts, numerous ventilation accessories, and is heavy and costly overall; 2. Independent air vents will result in toxic and hazardous areas being located throughout the ship, which will have a significant impact on the safety of the crew and their daily activities; 3. Electrical equipment located in hazardous areas must be equipped with an explosion-proof rating of at least IIA T2, which increases costs; 4. The regulations require that the main passageways and air inlets of each compartment in the safe area be located outside the hazardous area. Therefore, the dispersion of hazardous areas complicates the design of the ventilation system.

[0005] 5. Each compartment needs to be equipped with a methanol gas detection device, which requires a large number of probes and is costly. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a centralized mechanical ventilation system for methanol-fueled ships.

[0007] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution: A centralized mechanical ventilation system for methanol-fueled ships is provided, which is installed on the methanol-fueled ship, which has an inert gas chamber and multiple methanol leakage risk areas; the methanol-fueled ship has a centralized exhaust area located on the side of the main deck of the ship; all methanol leakage risk areas and inert gas chambers are connected to the centralized exhaust area through exhaust pipes; the centralized exhaust area has an exhaust vent only facing the side of the ship; the centralized exhaust area is equipped with an exhaust fan for extracting the hazardous gases from the methanol leakage risk areas and inert gas chambers and discharging them centrally through the exhaust vent.

[0008] Furthermore, the centralized ventilation area is an airtight area enclosed by a steel wall.

[0009] Furthermore, areas at risk of methanol leakage include fuel preparation rooms, fuel connection points, fuel refueling stations, double-walled pipe vents, and fuel valve assembly units.

[0010] Furthermore, the air outlet is equipped with windproof and rainproof louvers.

[0011] Furthermore, the exhaust fan is an axial flow exhaust fan.

[0012] Furthermore, the exhaust fan is located between the exhaust pipe and the exhaust outlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the centralized ventilation area is equipped with two exhaust fans, each with its own independent power supply; the exhaust capacity of the exhaust fans is sufficient to ensure that if one of them fails, the other exhaust fan can be started immediately and meet the ventilation requirements of the methanol leakage risk area and the inert gas chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the explosion-proof rating of the exhaust fan is Exd IIB T4.

[0015] Furthermore, the exhaust fan outlet and exhaust duct are equipped with backflow preventers; fireproof dampers are also installed on the exhaust duct between the methanol leakage risk area and the centralized exhaust area.

[0016] Furthermore, methanol gas probes are installed only in the centralized ventilation area, and oxygen concentration probes are installed only in the inert gas chamber.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In this system, by merging the mechanical ventilation of multiple methanol leakage risk areas and setting up centralized exhaust fans and centralized exhaust outlets, the exhaust outlets and hazardous areas of methanol fuel-related facilities, which were originally scattered throughout the ship, are concentrated in one place. This reduces the area of ​​hazardous areas, lowers the layout restrictions on ventilation systems in other areas, and improves the crew's activity area and safety factor. The entire ventilation system of this invention requires fewer fans, shorter ducts, fewer ventilation accessories, and is lightweight and low-cost. In this invention, the entire methanol ventilation system has only one exhaust outlet, concentrating the toxic and hazardous areas in a small area, reducing restrictions on the layout of ventilation systems in other areas, and improving the crew's activity area and safety factor. In this invention, only two exhaust fans have explosion-proof requirements. Due to the small hazardous area, fewer electrical equipment requires explosion-proof ratings, significantly reducing costs. This invention requires fewer methanol gas probes, resulting in lower costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing technology.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be described more clearly and completely below with reference to a preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, a centralized mechanical ventilation system for a methanol-fueled ship is installed on the methanol-fueled ship, which has an inert gas chamber and multiple methanol leakage risk areas.

[0022] In this embodiment, the methanol gas accumulation areas are the fuel preparation room 11, the fuel connection point 12, the fuel refueling station 13, the double-walled pipe outlet 14, and the fuel valve assembly unit (not shown in the figure). Methanol vapor leakage can occur in the fuel preparation room, fuel connection point, fuel refueling station, double-walled pipe outlet, and fuel valve assembly unit. An inert gas generator is installed in the inert gas chamber 15. The inert gas generated by the inert gas generator and the oxygen-rich mixture, a byproduct of the process, are also hazardous gases.

[0023] The methanol-fueled vessel is equipped with a centralized ventilation area 10, which is located on the side of the main deck; it can be on the port or starboard side. The centralized ventilation area is an airtight area enclosed by a steel bulkhead.

[0024] All methanol leakage risk areas and inert gas chambers are connected to the centralized ventilation area via exhaust pipes; in this embodiment, the fuel preparation room 11, fuel connector location 12, fuel refueling station 13, double-walled pipe outlet 14, inert gas chamber 15, and fuel valve assembly unit are all connected to the centralized ventilation area 10 via exhaust pipes 17.

[0025] The centralized ventilation area 10 has only one air outlet 16 facing the side of the ship; the centralized ventilation area is equipped with an exhaust fan 20 for extracting hazardous gases from methanol leakage risk areas and inert gas chambers and discharging them centrally through the air outlet. Exhaust fans are only installed in the centralized ventilation area; no exhaust fans are installed in any methanol leakage risk areas or inert gas chambers.

[0026] All ventilation for methanol leak risk areas and inert gas chambers on methanol-fueled ships is centralized in a central ventilation area and discharged through vents.

[0027] The exhaust fans are axial flow fans. They are located between the exhaust pipe and the exhaust outlet. The centralized exhaust area 10 is equipped with two exhaust fans 20, one for operation and one as a backup. Both fans have independent power supplies connected to different electrical systems. The exhaust fan capacity is sufficient to ensure that if one fan fails, the other can immediately start and meet the exhaust requirements of the methanol leak risk area and the inert gas chamber. The exhaust fans have an explosion-proof rating of Exd IIB T4.

[0028] Centralized ventilation is used to maintain negative pressure in the methanol leak risk area and inert gas chamber, preventing the spread of leaked methanol vapor and other hazardous gases.

[0029] The exhaust fan outlet and exhaust duct are equipped with a backflow preventer 22; a fireproof damper 21 is also installed on the exhaust duct between the methanol leak risk area and the centralized exhaust area. The exhaust fan outlets are equipped with backflow preventers to prevent the formation of loops and avoid airflow recirculation within the compartment.

[0030] The air outlet 16 is equipped with a windproof and rainproof louver 23, and the air outlet faces the side of the ship.

[0031] In this embodiment, the mechanical exhaust outlets of all methanol leakage risk areas and inert gas chambers on the entire ship are centralized into one. The hazardous area is defined as a circle with a radius of 4.5m centered on the exhaust outlet of this centralized exhaust area. Figure 2 The area indicated by the double-dotted line is the safe zone for the rest of the deck surface.

[0032] A methanol gas probe 30 is installed in the centralized ventilation area 10, and an oxygen concentration probe 31 is installed in the inert gas chamber 15. In this embodiment, only the methanol gas probe needs to be installed in the centralized ventilation area. Since the ventilation from each methanol leak risk area is concentrated in the centralized ventilation area, if a methanol leak occurs in any related compartment, the gas probe installed in the centralized ventilation area can detect it and trigger an alarm and implement relevant emergency operations through the monitoring and alarm system. The methanol gas probe is used to monitor the methanol gas concentration in the centralized ventilation area. When the concentration reaches the set danger value, an alarm will be triggered and interlocked with the fire detection system. If a fire is detected at the same time, foam fire suppression will be automatically activated. The oxygen concentration probe is used to detect the oxygen concentration in the inert gas chamber. When the oxygen concentration in the chamber is lower than the safe value, an alarm will be triggered to remind the crew inside the chamber to leave the inert gas chamber or to remind the crew outside the chamber not to enter the chamber.

[0033] In this embodiment, a fixed alcohol-resistant foam fire suppression system, conforming to Article II-2 / 10 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) and the FSS Code, is installed in the methanol leak risk area and the centralized ventilation area. The extinguishing agent used should be suitable for extinguishing methanol / ethanol fires. The nozzles of the foam fire suppression system should cover the entire centralized ventilation area and the maximum deck area affected by a methanol leak in the risk area. When a gas probe placed in the centralized ventilation area detects a methanol leak, the monitoring and alarm system should be able to detect the potential fire risk in conjunction with the fire probe and automatically activate the foam fire suppression system.

[0034] In this system, the mechanical ventilation of multiple methanol leakage risk areas is combined, and a centralized ventilation fan and centralized air outlet are set up. The air outlets of methanol fuel-related facilities that were originally scattered throughout the ship and the dangerous areas are concentrated in one place, reducing the area of ​​the dangerous area, reducing the layout restrictions of ventilation systems in other areas, and improving the crew's activity area and safety factor.

[0035] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The entire ventilation system requires fewer fans, shorter ducts, fewer ventilation accessories, and is lightweight and low-cost.

[0036] 2. The entire methanol ventilation system has only one air outlet, and the toxic and dangerous areas are concentrated and small in area, which reduces the restrictions on the layout of ventilation systems in other areas, thereby increasing the crew's activity area and safety factor.

[0037] 3. Only two exhaust fans have explosion-proof requirements. Due to the small hazardous area, fewer other electrical equipment need to be equipped with explosion-proof ratings, which greatly reduces costs.

[0038] 4. Fewer methanol gas probes are required, resulting in lower costs.

[0039] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centralized mechanical ventilation system of a methanol-fueled ship, which is provided on a methanol-fueled ship having an inert gas room and a plurality of methanol leakage risk areas; characterized in that, Methanol-fueled ships are equipped with a centralized ventilation area located on the side of the main deck. All methanol leakage risk areas and inert gas chambers are connected to the centralized ventilation area via ventilation pipes. The centralized ventilation area has only air outlets facing the side of the ship. The centralized ventilation area is equipped with exhaust fans for extracting hazardous gases from methanol leakage risk areas and inert gas chambers and discharging them centrally through the air outlets.

2. The centralized mechanical ventilation system for methanol-fueled ships as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The centralized ventilation area is an airtight area enclosed by a steel wall.

3. The centralized mechanical ventilation system for a methanol-fueled marine vessel of claim 1, wherein, The methanol leakage risk areas are the fuel preparation room, fuel connection point, fuel filling station, double-walled pipe air outlet, or fuel valve assembly unit.

4. The centralized mechanical ventilation system for a methanol-fueled marine vessel of claim 1, wherein, The air outlet is equipped with windproof and rainproof louvers.

5. The centralized mechanical ventilation system for a methanol-fueled marine vessel of claim 1, wherein, The exhaust fan is an axial flow exhaust fan.

6. The centralized mechanical ventilation system for a methanol-fueled marine vessel of claim 1, wherein, The exhaust fan is located between the exhaust pipe and the air outlet.

7. The centralized mechanical ventilation system for methanol-fueled ships as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The centralized ventilation area is equipped with two exhaust fans, each with its own independent power supply. The exhaust capacity of the fans is sufficient to ensure that if one of them fails, the other fan can be started immediately and meet the ventilation requirements of the methanol leakage risk area and the inert gas chamber.

8. The centralized mechanical ventilation system for a methanol-fueled marine vessel of claim 1, wherein, The explosion-proof rating of the exhaust fan is Exd IIB T4.

9. The centralized mechanical ventilation system for a methanol-fueled marine vessel of claim 1, wherein, The exhaust fan outlet and exhaust duct are equipped with backflow preventers; fireproof dampers are also installed on the exhaust duct between the methanol leakage risk area and the centralized exhaust area.

10. The centralized mechanical ventilation system for a methanol-fueled marine vessel of claim 1, wherein, Methanol gas probes are installed only in the centralized ventilation area, and oxygen concentration probes are installed only in the inert gas chamber.

Images