Railway operation safety protection space-air-ground early warning unmanned aerial vehicle carrying platform

Abstract

This invention discloses a UAV platform for railway operation safety protection and early warning, relating to the field of mechanical design technology. It includes a storage box with an adjustable sliding frame slidably connected inside. A placement platform is slidably connected inside the adjustable sliding frame, and a UAV fuselage is mounted on top of the placement platform. Two landing gears, T-shaped, are symmetrically arranged on the lower surface of the UAV fuselage. Each landing gear has a clamping groove on its protruding side. The UAV fuselage restricts the contact sliding rod through the locking groove, thereby limiting the horizontal sliding of the UAV fuselage. A pressure block further restricts the vertical movement of the UAV fuselage base. The locking groove restricts horizontal displacement, and the clamping mechanism applies pressure to the UAV base, forming vertical pressure plus omnidirectional constraint. Even when vehicles are traveling on complex road conditions such as mountain roads and construction sites, the UAV remains stationary, significantly improving impact resistance compared to simply fixing the base.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical design technology, specifically to a UAV platform for railway operation safety protection and early warning. Background Technology

[0002] The air-to-ground early warning drone platform for railway operation safety protection is a mobile deployment system integrated on the top of a vehicle or in a specific cabin. It achieves safe transportation, rapid take-off and landing, and precise recovery of drones through dedicated fixing devices, lifting mechanisms, or automatic deployment and retrieval of nesting boxes. Such platforms are usually equipped with shock-absorbing, environmental temperature control, and energy supply modules to ensure that drones are in a standby state in mobile environments. By complementing the mobility of the vehicle-mounted platform with the aerial perspective advantage of the drones, the coverage and flexibility of inspection work are significantly improved.

[0003] The working process of the air-ground-space early warning drone platform for railway operation safety protection begins with the planning of the inspection mission. After the vehicle travels to the target area, the platform smoothly sends the drone to the predetermined take-off position outside the vehicle through the lifting mechanism or slide rail. The drone takes off autonomously or under the command of the operator to perform the inspection mission. During this period, the platform acts as a mobile communication relay station, receiving and forwarding the images and sensor data transmitted back by the drone in real time. At the same time, it can provide the drone with a precise positioning reference. After the mission is completed, the drone autonomously lands back into its nest and prepares for the next mission by transferring data and performing equipment self-checks, thereby realizing the rapid cycle and continuous mobile deployment of inspection operations.

[0004] When a drone lands on a platform, a push rod is often used to push the base, thus moving the drone to the center of the platform for subsequent storage. At this point, the drone inside the landing platform is often unsecured or wobbly. During vehicle travel, due to frequent acceleration, deceleration, and road bumps, the unsecured drone will experience uncontrollable movement and collisions within the storage space. This can directly lead to scratches and structural damage to key components such as the drone's body and propellers, reducing equipment reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a UAV platform for railway operation safety protection and early warning, solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a railway operation safety protection air-ground early warning drone platform, including a storage box, an adjustable sliding frame slidably connected inside the storage box, a placement platform slidably connected inside the adjustable sliding frame, a drone fuselage arranged above the placement platform, two landing gears symmetrically arranged on the lower surface of the drone fuselage, the landing gears being T-shaped, and pressure grooves being formed on the protruding surfaces on both sides of the landing gears; The storage box has an internal storage mechanism to ensure that the drone is stably stored inside. The upper end of the storage box has an opening and closing mechanism to seal the storage box outlet. The storage box has an adjustment mechanism inside to provide power to the opening and closing mechanism. The surface of the adjustment slide frame has a positioning mechanism to position the drone stored inside the storage box.

[0007] Preferably, the storage mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged adjustment guide grooves on the inner wall of the storage box. Adjustment guide blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the adjustment slide frame, extending into the interior of the adjacent adjustment guide groove. Placement guide grooves are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the adjustment slide frame. Placement guide blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the placement platform, extending into the interior of the adjacent placement guide groove. Two support springs are symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the storage box, both support springs being fixedly connected to the adjustment slide frame. A drive groove is provided inside the storage box, and an electric telescopic rod is installed inside the drive groove. The output shaft of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the placement platform.

[0008] Preferably, the opening and closing mechanism includes two sealing guide rails symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the storage box, two sealing plates slidably connected between the two sealing guide rails, two limiting grooves symmetrically opened on both sides of the sealing plates, extension grooves symmetrically opened inside the sealing guide rails, a limiting block slidably connected inside the extension groove, a limiting spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension groove, the limiting spring being fixedly connected to the limiting block, a round head being provided at one end of the limiting block, and the round head portion of the limiting block extending into the interior of the limiting groove.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes four countersunk grooves arranged in a circumferential array on the surface of the adjusting slide frame. The bottom plane of the countersunk grooves is provided with a locking groove. The surface of the drone body is provided with four arms arranged in a circumferential array. A contact slide rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of one end of each drone arm. A ball is provided inside one end of the contact slide rod. The ball extends out of the contact slide rod. The contact slide rod is slidably connected to the inside of the locking groove. The surface of the contact slide rod is in contact with the inner wall of the locking groove.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes two side grooves symmetrically formed on the inner wall of the storage box, and an adjustment slide plate is slidably connected inside each of the two side grooves. The two adjustment slide plates are symmetrically installed on both sides of the adjustment slide frame. Two extension push rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sealing plate, and the extension push rods extend into the interior of the side grooves adjacent to them.

[0011] Preferably, the surface of the adjusting slide plate has two symmetrical adjusting grooves. The end of the adjusting groove away from the center line of the adjusting slide plate has a contact groove. The contact groove is vertically arranged and penetrates the outer side of the adjusting slide plate. One end of the extension push rod is fixedly connected to a face-holding shaft. The face-holding shaft is located on the sliding path of the adjusting slide plate and is slidably connected to the inside of the contact groove. The placement platform is equipped with a drive mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a plurality of retraction grooves symmetrically formed on the surface of the placement platform, the plurality of retraction grooves being located on both sides of the landing gear, a spring groove being formed inside the placement platform, an abutment rod being slidably connected inside the retraction groove, the abutment rod extending through the spring groove out of the placement platform, an abutment disc being fixedly connected to the surface of the abutment rod, the abutment disc being slidably connected to the inside of the spring groove, an abutment spring being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spring groove, the abutment spring being fixedly connected to the upper surface of the abutment disc, and a clamping mechanism being provided inside the retraction groove.

[0013] Preferably, the pressing mechanism includes a fixed abutment block fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shrinkage groove. A power push block is fixedly connected to one end of the abutment rod extending into the shrinkage groove. The power push block is T-shaped. Pull push rods are rotatably connected to both sides of the fixed abutment block via a rotating shaft. A pressure block is rotatably connected between the ends of the two pull push rods away from the fixed abutment block. A pressure block is fixedly connected to the side of the pressure block near the fixed abutment block. A rubber pad is provided on the lower surface of the pressure block. Rotary push rods are rotatably connected to the protruding parts of the power push block via a rotating shaft. One end of the rotating push rod is rotatably connected to the surface of the pull push rod adjacent to it via a rotating shaft. Pressing push rods are rotatably connected to both sides of the end of the power push block away from the fixed abutment block via a rotating shaft. One end of the pressing push rod is rotatably connected to the surface of the pressing block away from the fixed abutment block via a rotating shaft.

[0014] Beneficial effects The air-to-ground early warning UAV platform for railway operation safety protection provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. When the platform stores and seals the drone, a guide cone surface is used to achieve the center positioning of the drone during storage. The drone does not need a complex active drive mechanism. Under the guidance of the cone surface, it can automatically and smoothly slide to the precise center position and limit its horizontal displacement. This process is fast and direct, which significantly improves the efficiency of positioning and storage. Moreover, this method relies on geometric constraints and the principle of inclined plane guidance. The mechanical structure is simple and compact, eliminating a complex transmission system such as push rods and motors, which greatly reduces the complexity of the mechanism and manufacturing cost.

[0015] 2. The drone body restricts the contact slide rod through the locking groove, thereby limiting the horizontal sliding of the drone body. Then, the pressure block restricts the vertical movement of the drone body base. The locking groove restricts horizontal displacement, and the clamping mechanism applies pressure to the drone base, forming vertical pressure plus omnidirectional constraint around the circumference. Even when the vehicle is driving on complex road conditions such as mountain roads and construction sites, the drone will not move. Compared with the method of fixing only the base, the impact resistance is greatly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the UAV connection structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate connection structure of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of part A in the image; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the countersunk groove location structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the side groove of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable sliding plate connection structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shrinkage groove of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified view of part B in the image; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the power pusher block connection structure of the present invention.

[0017] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Storage box; 11. Adjustable slide frame; 12. Placement platform; 2. Adjustable guide groove; 21. Adjustable guide block; 22. Placement guide groove; 23. Placement guide block; 24. Support spring; 3. Drone fuselage; 31. Landing gear; 32. Pressing groove; 4. Sealing guide rail; 41. Sealing plate; 42. Limiting groove; 43. Extension groove; 44. Limiting spring; 45. Limiting block; 5. Sink 51. Head groove; 52. Locking groove; 6. Contact slide rod; 7. Side groove; 61. Adjusting slide plate; 62. Extension push rod; 63. Abutment shaft; 64. Adjusting inclined groove; 65. Contact groove; 7. Contraction groove; 71. Spring groove; 72. Abutment rod; 73. Abutment spring; 74. Abutment round plate; 8. Fixed abutment block; 81. Power push block; 82. Pressing push rod; 83. Rotating push rod; 84. Pulling push rod; 85. Pressing block. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] refer to Figures 1 to 11 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a railway operation safety protection air-ground early warning drone platform will be described in detail below, including a storage box 1, an adjusting slide frame 11 is slidably connected inside the storage box 1, a placement platform 12 is slidably connected inside the adjusting slide frame 11, a drone fuselage 3 is arranged above the placement platform 12, and two landing gears 31 are symmetrically arranged on the lower surface of the drone fuselage 3. The landing gears 31 are T-shaped, and the protruding parts on both sides of the landing gears 31 are provided with pressing grooves 32. The drone lands and lands on the surface of the placement platform 12 through the landing gears 31. The storage box 1 has an internal storage mechanism to ensure the drone retracts stably into the storage box 1. The upper end of the storage box 1 has an opening and closing mechanism to seal the outlet of the storage box 1. The storage mechanism stores the drone placed on the surface of the placement platform 12 into the storage box 1, and the opening and closing mechanism seals the opening, thereby protecting the drone and ensuring its safety when not in use. The storage box 1 has an adjustment mechanism that provides power to the opening and closing mechanism. The surface of the adjustment slide 11 has a positioning mechanism to position the drone stored in the storage box 1. The positioning mechanism retracts the positioned drone into the storage box 1 to avoid collision with the inner wall of the storage box 1. The position of the drone in the storage box 1 is used to adjust whether the outlet of the storage box 1 is open or closed by adjusting the adjustment mechanism.

[0020] like Figure 3 The storage mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged adjustment guide grooves 2 on the inner wall of the storage box 1. Adjustment guide blocks 21 are fixedly connected to both sides of the adjustment slide frame 11, extending into the interior of the adjacent adjustment guide groove 2. The adjustment guide blocks 21 slide within the adjustment guide groove 2, thereby driving the adjustment slide frame 11 to slide stably up and down along the adjustment guide groove 2. Placement guide grooves 22 are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the adjustment slide frame 11. Placement guide blocks 23 are fixedly connected to both sides of the placement platform 12, extending into the interior of the adjacent placement guide groove 22. The placement guide blocks 23 slide within the placement guide groove 22, thereby driving the placement platform 12 to slide along the placement guide groove 22. The groove 22 slides stably up and down. Two support springs 24 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the storage box 1. Both support springs 24 are fixedly connected to the adjustment slide frame 11. Initially, the upper surface of the adjustment slide frame 11 is flush with the storage box 1 under the push of the support springs 24. At this time, the adjustment guide block 21 is located inside the adjustment guide groove 2 near the end of the drone body 3. The storage box 1 has a drive groove inside. An electric telescopic rod is set inside the drive groove. The output shaft of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the placement platform 12. Initially, the upper surface of the placement platform 12 is flush with the surface of the adjustment slide frame 11 under the push of the electric telescopic rod. The placement guide block 23 is located inside the placement guide groove 22 near the end of the drone body 3.

[0021] When the drone finishes its work and lands on the surface of the placement platform 12 for storage, the electric telescopic rod output shaft drives the placement platform 12 to slide down along the placement guide groove 22. The adjusting slide frame 11 remains flush with the storage box 1 under the push of the support spring 24. The adjusting slide frame 11 and the placement platform 12 generate relative displacement. At this time, the drone body 3 slides down synchronously under the drive of the placement platform 12. The positioning mechanism on the surface of the adjusting slide frame 11 centers the descending drone body 3, so that the drone can be adjusted to the center position of the adjusting slide frame 11 and the placement platform 12. When the placement guide block 23 slides to the end of the placement guide groove 22 away from the drone body 3, the placement guide block 23 comes into contact with the inside of the placement guide groove 22. The placement guide block 23 drives the adjustment slide frame 11 to slide down synchronously. At this time, the support spring 24 is compressed under the push of the adjustment slide frame 11. As the placement platform 12 is continuously driven by the output shaft of the electric telescopic rod, the drone body 3 is completely stored inside the storage box 1 and sealed and protected by the opening and closing mechanism.

[0022] like Figure 1 In the case of the opening and closing mechanism, there are two symmetrically fixed sealed guide rails 4 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the storage box 1, and two sealing plates 41 slidably connected between the two sealed guide rails 4, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the middle, two limiting grooves 42 are symmetrically opened on both sides of the sealing plate 41, and an extension groove 43 is symmetrically opened inside the sealing guide rail 4. A limiting block 45 is slidably connected inside the extension groove 43, and a limiting spring 44 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension groove 43. The limiting spring 44 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 45. One end of the limiting block 45 is provided with a round head, and the round head of the limiting block 45 extends into the interior of the limiting groove 42. The position of the sealing plate 41 is restricted by the extension of the limiting block 45 into the interior of the limiting groove 42. When the storage box 1 is in the closed state, the two sealing plates 41 are in contact with each other. At this time, the limiting block 45 is located inside the limiting groove 42 on the side of the sealing plate 41 away from the drone. When the storage box 1 is in the open state, the two sealing plates 41 are away from each other. At this time, the limiting block 45 is located inside the limiting groove 42 on the side of the sealing plate 41 closer to the drone.

[0023] like Figure 6 The positioning mechanism includes four countersunk grooves 5 arranged in a circular array on the surface of the adjusting slide frame 11. Each countersunk groove 5 is an inverted conical groove with a large opening diameter and a small, flat bottom diameter. The groove wall is conical and smooth. A locking groove 51 is provided on the bottom plane of the countersunk groove 5. Four arms are arranged in a circular array on the surface of the drone fuselage 3. A contact slide rod 52 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the arm furthest from the drone fuselage 3. One end of the contact slide rod 52 is provided with a ball bearing, which extends out of the interior of the contact slide rod 52. The contact slide rod 52 is slidably connected to the interior of the locking groove 51. The surface of the contact slide rod 52 is in contact with the inner wall of the locking groove 51. The contact slide rod 52 is in contact with the inner wall of the locking groove 51, thereby ensuring that the contact slide rod 52 can only slide up and down inside the locking groove 51. This avoids the gap between the surface of the contact slide rod 52 and the inner wall of the locking groove 51 being too large, which would cause the contact slide rod 52 to shake inside the locking groove 51.

[0024] When the placement platform 12 slides down to store the drone on its surface, the output shaft of the electric telescopic rod drives the placement platform 12 to slide down along the placement guide groove 22, and the adjustment slide frame 11 and the placement platform 12 generate relative displacement. If the four contact slide bars 52 of the drone are not aligned vertically with the four locking slots 51, when the placement platform 12 moves downward, the four contact slide bars 52 will be blocked by the countersunk grooves 5, thus preventing the drone from sinking synchronously with the placement platform 12. At this time, the contact slide bars 52 on the lower surface of the four arms of the drone body 3 extend into the interior of the countersunk grooves 5 that are close to them, and the ball bearings of the contact slide bars 52 are in contact with the wall of the countersunk grooves 5. Under the action of the drone's own gravity, the ball bearings slide along the countersunk grooves 5 into the locking slots 51. The countersunk grooves 5 in four directions provide a pushing force to the contact slide bars 52 in the direction of the center line of the placement platform 12 through the inclined surface of the groove wall. Then, through the cooperation of the ball bearings and the contact slide bars 52, the drone body 3 is gradually pushed towards the center line of the placement platform 12. When the contact slide bar 52 is located at the junction of the countersunk groove 5 and the locking groove 51, the center line of the drone body 3 is aligned with the center line of the placement platform 12, and the drone body 3 completes the positioning. If the four contact sliders 52 of the drone are aligned vertically with the four slots 51, the drone will move down synchronously as the placement platform 12 descends. At this time, the contact sliders 52 extend directly into the slots 51, thereby limiting the drone in the horizontal direction. When the contact slide bar 52 slides into the slot 51, the positioned drone body 3 slides down synchronously with the placement platform 12. Under the restriction of the contact slide bar 52 in all directions of the drone body 3 by the slot 51, the drone body 3 is always in a positioned state in the storage box 1. When the platform stores and seals the drone, it uses a guide cone to achieve center positioning of the drone during storage. The drone does not need a complex active drive mechanism. Under the guidance of the cone, it can automatically and smoothly slide to the precise center position and limit its horizontal displacement. This process is fast and direct, which significantly improves the efficiency of positioning and storage. Moreover, this method relies on geometric constraints and the principle of inclined plane guidance. The mechanical structure is simple and compact, eliminating a complex transmission system such as push rods and motors, which greatly reduces the complexity of the mechanism and manufacturing cost.

[0025] When the four contact sliders 52 of the drone are inserted into the four slots 51 respectively, the landing gear 31 under the drone contacts the upper end of the placement platform 12, and the placement guide blocks 23 on both sides of the placement platform 12 are at the bottom of the placement guide groove 22.

[0026] like Figure 7The adjustment mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged side grooves 6 on the inner wall of the storage box 1. Adjustment slide plates 61 are slidably connected inside each of the two side grooves 6. The two adjustment slide plates 61 are symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the adjustment slide frame 11. Two extension push rods 62 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sealing plate 41, extending to the interior of the adjacent side grooves 6. Two symmetrically arranged adjustment grooves 64 are formed on the surface of the adjustment slide plate 61. The adjustment grooves 64 are inclined grooves, and the two adjustment grooves 64 are distributed from top to bottom, gradually moving away from the center of the adjustment slide plate 61. The two adjustment grooves 64 are arranged in a figure-eight shape. A contact groove 65 is provided at the end of the adjustment groove 64 away from the center line of the adjustment slide plate 61. The contact groove 65 is vertically arranged and penetrates the outer side of the adjustment slide plate 61. Figure 8 In the middle, one end of the extension push rod 62 is fixedly connected to the abutment shaft 63. The abutment shaft 63 is located on the sliding path of the adjustment slide plate 61. The abutment shaft 63 is slidably connected to the inside of the contact groove 65. The inside of the placement platform 12 is equipped with a drive mechanism. When the abutment shaft 63 is located at the junction of the adjustment groove 64 and the contact groove 65, the drone body 3 retracts into the storage box 1, and the upper surface is located below the sealing plate 41. When the upper surface of the adjustment slide frame 11 is flush with the upper surface of the storage box 1, the abutment shaft 63 is separated from the contact groove 65, and the abutment shaft 63 is on the path of the contact groove 65 moving downward. When the drone body 3 is positioned and the placement guide block 23 comes into contact with the inside of the placement guide groove 22, the adjustment slide frame 11 is driven to slide down synchronously by the placement guide block 23. The adjustment slide frame 11 drives the adjustment slide plate 61 to slide down synchronously. When the contact shaft 63 is driven by the placement platform 12, it gradually enters the inside of the contact groove 65. Initially, the limiting block 45 is located inside the limiting groove 42 on the side of the sealing plate 41 away from the drone, thereby limiting the sealing plate 41. When the abutting shaft 63 is located at the junction of the adjusting groove 64 and the contact groove 65, the drone body 3 retracts into the storage box 1, and the upper surface is located below the sealing plate 41. As the adjusting slide frame 11 continues to slide down, the abutting shaft 63 extends into the interior of the adjusting groove 64. Under the push of the inclined surface of the adjusting groove 64, the abutting shaft 63 is given a force towards the center line of the adjusting slide plate 61, thereby pulling the two sealing plates 41 closer together through the extension push rod 62. At this time, the arc surface of the limiting block 45 contacts the inner wall of the limiting groove 42, and under the push of the side wall of the limiting groove 42, it retracts into the interior of the extension groove 43. At this time, the limiting spring 44 is compressed under the push of the limiting block 45. When the abutment shaft 63 slides to one end of the adjusting groove 64 that is close to each other, the two sealing plates 41 fit together, thereby sealing the storage box 1 and protecting the drone body 3 inside. At this time, the limiting block 45 extends into the limiting groove 42 on the side of the sealing plate 41 away from the drone under the push of the limiting spring 44, thereby limiting the sealing state. The platform's surface opening and closing mechanism can be deployed or closed with a single click depending on the drone's storage status. No cumbersome manual intervention is required; deployment is completed with a single click for drone take-off and landing, while closure provides sealed protection, significantly improving operational efficiency. When closed, it isolates the stored drone from the outside world, effectively resisting wind, rain, dust, scorching sun, and collisions with foreign objects during driving, protecting the drone body and precision components from damage. Moreover, the structure is simple, reliable, and has low maintenance costs.

[0027] like Figure 10 In this design, the drive mechanism includes multiple retraction grooves 7 symmetrically formed on the surface of the placement platform 12, located on both sides of the landing gear 31. A spring groove 71 is formed inside the placement platform 12, and an abutment rod 72 is slidably connected inside the retraction groove 7. The abutment rod 72 extends through the spring groove 71 and out of the placement platform 12, with its lower end positioned below the placement platform 12. An abutment disc 74 is fixedly connected to the surface of the abutment rod 72 and slidably connected inside the spring groove 71. An abutment spring 73 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spring groove 71 and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the abutment disc 74. The abutment spring 73 applies a downward elastic force to the abutment disc 74. A clamping mechanism is provided inside the retraction groove 7. The abutment disc 74 slides inside the spring groove 71, thereby limiting the vertical movement range of the abutment rod 72. Under the elastic force of the abutment spring 73, the abutment disc 74 is located inside the end of the spring groove 71 furthest from the retraction groove 7.

[0028] After the drone body 3 is positioned on the surface of the placement platform 12, and as the placement platform 12 continues to slide down under the drive of the output shaft of the electric telescopic rod, the abutment rod 72 comes into contact with the inner wall below the storage box 1 under the drive of the placement platform 12. At this time, the bottom of the inner cavity of the storage box 1 blocks the abutment rod 72, preventing the abutment rod 72 from continuing to move down with the placement platform 12. As the placement platform 12 continues to slide down, the abutment rod 72 and the placement platform 12 undergo relative displacement, and the placement platform 12 slides down on the surface of the abutment rod 72. The abutment rod 72 gradually extends into the interior of the shrinkage groove 7, thereby providing power for the pressing mechanism. At this time, the abutment disc 74 gradually moves into the end of the spring groove 71 near the shrinkage groove 7, and the abutment spring 73 is gradually compressed under the push of the abutment disc 74.

[0029] like Figure 11In the middle, the pressing mechanism includes a fixed abutment block 8 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shrinkage groove 7, a power push block 81 fixedly connected to one end of the abutment rod 72 extending into the shrinkage groove 7, the power push block 81 is T-shaped, the two sides of the fixed abutment block 8 are rotatably connected to the pull push rod 84 through the rotating shaft, the ends of the two pull push rods 84 away from the fixed abutment block 8 are rotatably connected to the pressure surface block 85, the side of the pressure surface block 85 close to the fixed abutment block 8 is fixedly connected to the pressure block, the lower surface of the pressure block is provided with a rubber pad, the elasticity and toughness of the rubber pad provides a certain buffer space for the landing gear 31, the protruding part of the power push block 81 is rotatably connected to the rotating push rod 83 through the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating push rod 83 is rotatably connected to the surface of the pull push rod 84 close to it through the rotating shaft, the two sides of the power push block 81 away from the fixed abutment block 8 are rotatably connected to the pressing push rod 82 through the rotating shaft, one end of the pressing push rod 82 is rotatably connected to the surface of the pressing surface block 85 away from the fixed abutment block 8 through the rotating shaft; After the UAV fuselage 3 completes its positioning, it moves the landing gear 31 and the clamping groove 32, bringing the clamping groove 32 closer to the retraction groove 7. This facilitates the clamping mechanism to clamp and lock the landing gear 31. As the placement platform 12 slides downwards along the surface of the contact rod 72, the power push block 81 is fixedly connected to the contact rod 72, and the contact rod 72 remains stationary. Therefore, the power push block 81 cannot continue to move downwards, and the rotating push rod 83 and the clamping push rod 82, which are rotatably connected to it, also cannot slide down. As the fixed block 8 slides down synchronously with the placement platform 12, the fixed block 8 causes one end of the pull rod 84 to move downward. When the one end of the pull rod 84 moves downward, it is blocked by the rotating push rod 83. At the same time, the pull rod 84 causes the upper end of the rotating push rod 83 to move downward. Simultaneously, the pull rod 84 flips upward along the fixed block 8. During the rotation of the pull rod 84, the upper end of the rotating push rod 83 swings downward. During the upward flip of the pull rod 84, the pressing block 85 swings upward at an angle. During the movement of the pressing block 85, the upper end of the pressing push rod 82 swings upward. The pull rod 84 on the surface of the fixed block 8 rotates around the surface of the fixed block 8 under the resistance of the rotating push rod 83, thereby driving the pressing block 85 to gradually move towards the pressing groove 32 through the pull rod 84. During the process of the pressing block 85 moving towards the pressing groove 32, the pressing block 85 changes from a horizontal state to an inclined state under the restriction of the pressing push rod 82. When the pull rod 84 is in a vertical position, and the height of the shaft connecting the pull rod 84 and the rotating rod 83 is still greater than the height of the shaft of the protruding part of the power push block 81, the height of the shaft connecting the pull rod 84 and the pressing block 85 is equal to the height of the shaft connecting the pressing rod 82 and the pressing block 85. The pressing block 85 is in a horizontal position under the pull of the pull rod 84 and the support of the pressing rod 82. At this time, the pressing block is located inside the pressing groove 32 and directly above the pressing groove 32 under the action of the pressing block 85. As the placement platform 12 continues to slide down, the height of the rotating shaft of the protruding part of the power push block 81 gradually becomes the same horizontal plane as the height of the rotating shaft connecting the pull push rod 84 and the rotating push rod 83. The pull push rod 84 continues to slide under the resistance of the rotating push rod 83 until it contacts the inner wall of the contraction groove 7 and cannot continue to rotate under the restriction of the inner wall of the contraction groove 7. At this time, the rotating shaft of the protruding part of the power push block 81 and the rotating shaft of the surface of the pull push rod 84 are on the same horizontal plane. During this process, the height of the rotating shaft connecting the pressing push rod 82 and the pressing block 85 gradually becomes greater than the height of the rotating shaft between the pull push rod 84 and the pressing block 85. Under the support of the rotating shaft connecting the pressing push rod 82, the pressing block 85 rotates around one end of the pull push rod 84, causing the pressing block located directly above the pressing groove 32 to gradually tilt and contact the inner wall below the pressing groove 32, giving the pressing groove 32 a downward pressure, pressing the landing gear 31 from all directions, thereby fixing the base of the UAV fuselage 3. At this time, the drone body 3 restricts the contact slide bar 52 through the locking groove 51, thereby restricting the horizontal sliding of the drone body 3. Then, the pressure block restricts the vertical direction of the drone body 3 base. The locking groove 51 restricts horizontal displacement, and the clamping mechanism applies pressure to the drone base to form vertical pressure plus omnidirectional constraint around the perimeter. This ensures that the drone does not move even when the vehicle is driving on complex road conditions such as mountain roads or construction sites. Compared with the method of fixing only the base, the impact resistance is greatly improved.

[0030] Working principle: When the drone completes its work and lands on the surface of the placement platform 12 for storage, the electric telescopic rod output shaft drives the placement platform 12 to slide down along the placement guide groove 22. The adjusting slide frame 11 remains flush with the storage box 1 under the push of the support spring 24. The adjusting slide frame 11 and the placement platform 12 generate relative displacement. At this time, the drone body 3 slides down synchronously under the drive of the placement platform 12. The positioning mechanism on the surface of the adjusting slide frame 11 centers the descending drone body 3, so that the drone can be adjusted to the center position of the adjusting slide frame 11 and the placement platform 12. When the placement platform 12 slides down to store the drone on its surface, the output shaft of the electric telescopic rod drives the placement platform 12 to slide down along the placement guide groove 22, and the adjustment slide frame 11 and the placement platform 12 generate relative displacement. If the four contact slide bars 52 of the drone are not aligned vertically with the four locking slots 51, when the placement platform 12 moves downward, the four contact slide bars 52 will be blocked by the countersunk grooves 5, thus preventing the drone from sinking synchronously with the placement platform 12. At this time, the contact slide bars 52 on the lower surface of the four arms of the drone body 3 extend into the interior of the countersunk grooves 5 that are close to them, and the ball bearings of the contact slide bars 52 are in contact with the wall of the countersunk grooves 5. Under the action of the drone's own gravity, the ball bearings slide along the countersunk grooves 5 into the locking slots 51. The countersunk grooves 5 in four directions provide a pushing force to the contact slide bars 52 in the direction of the center line of the placement platform 12 through the inclined surface of the groove wall. Then, through the cooperation of the ball bearings and the contact slide bars 52, the drone body 3 is gradually pushed towards the center line of the placement platform 12. When the contact slide bar 52 is located at the junction of the countersunk groove 5 and the locking groove 51, the center line of the drone body 3 is aligned with the center line of the placement platform 12, and the drone body 3 completes the positioning. If the four contact sliders 52 of the drone are aligned vertically with the four slots 51, the drone will move down synchronously as the placement platform 12 descends. At this time, the contact sliders 52 extend directly into the slots 51, thereby limiting the drone in the horizontal direction. When the contact slide bar 52 slides into the slot 51, the positioned drone body 3 slides down synchronously with the placement platform 12. Under the restriction of the contact slide bar 52 in all directions of the drone body 3 by the slot 51, the drone body 3 is always in a positioned state in the storage box 1. When the platform stores and seals the drone, it uses a guide cone to achieve center positioning of the drone during storage. The drone does not need a complex active drive mechanism. Under the guidance of the cone, it can automatically and smoothly slide to the precise center position and limit its horizontal displacement. This process is fast and direct, which significantly improves the efficiency of positioning and storage. Moreover, this method relies on geometric constraints and the principle of inclined plane guidance. The mechanical structure is simple and compact, eliminating a complex transmission system such as push rods and motors, which greatly reduces the complexity of the mechanism and manufacturing cost.

[0031] When the four contact sliders 52 of the drone are inserted into the four slots 51 respectively, the landing gear 31 under the drone contacts the upper end of the placement platform 12, and the placement guide blocks 23 on both sides of the placement platform 12 are at the bottom of the placement guide groove 22.

[0032] When the drone body 3 is positioned and the placement guide block 23 comes into contact with the inside of the placement guide groove 22, the adjustment slide frame 11 is driven to slide down synchronously by the placement guide block 23. The adjustment slide frame 11 drives the adjustment slide plate 61 to slide down synchronously. When the contact shaft 63 is driven by the placement platform 12, it gradually enters the inside of the contact groove 65. Initially, the limiting block 45 is located inside the limiting groove 42 on the side of the sealing plate 41 away from the drone, thereby limiting the sealing plate 41. When the abutting shaft 63 is located at the junction of the adjusting groove 64 and the contact groove 65, the drone body 3 retracts into the storage box 1, and the upper surface is located below the sealing plate 41. As the adjusting slide frame 11 continues to slide down, the abutting shaft 63 extends into the interior of the adjusting groove 64. Under the push of the inclined surface of the adjusting groove 64, the abutting shaft 63 is given a force towards the center line of the adjusting slide plate 61, thereby pulling the two sealing plates 41 closer together through the extension push rod 62. At this time, the arc surface of the limiting block 45 contacts the inner wall of the limiting groove 42, and under the push of the side wall of the limiting groove 42, it retracts into the interior of the extension groove 43. At this time, the limiting spring 44 is compressed under the push of the limiting block 45. When the abutment shaft 63 slides to one end of the adjusting groove 64 that is close to each other, the two sealing plates 41 fit together, thereby sealing the storage box 1 and protecting the drone body 3 inside. At this time, the limiting block 45 extends into the limiting groove 42 on the side of the sealing plate 41 away from the drone under the push of the limiting spring 44, thereby limiting the sealing state. The platform's surface opening and closing mechanism can be deployed or closed with a single click depending on the drone's storage status. No cumbersome manual intervention is required; deployment is completed with a single click for drone take-off and landing, while closure provides sealed protection, significantly improving operational efficiency. When closed, it isolates the stored drone from the outside world, effectively resisting wind, rain, dust, scorching sun, and collisions with foreign objects during driving, protecting the drone body and precision components from damage. Moreover, the structure is simple, reliable, and has low maintenance costs.

[0033] After the UAV fuselage 3 completes its positioning, it moves the landing gear 31 and the clamping groove 32, bringing the clamping groove 32 closer to the retraction groove 7. This facilitates the clamping mechanism to clamp and lock the landing gear 31. As the placement platform 12 slides downwards along the surface of the contact rod 72, the power push block 81 is fixedly connected to the contact rod 72, and the contact rod 72 remains stationary. Therefore, the power push block 81 cannot continue to move downwards, and the rotating push rod 83 and the clamping push rod 82, which are rotatably connected to it, also cannot slide down. As the fixed block 8 slides down synchronously with the placement platform 12, the fixed block 8 causes one end of the pull rod 84 to move downward. When the one end of the pull rod 84 moves downward, it is blocked by the rotating push rod 83. At the same time, the pull rod 84 causes the upper end of the rotating push rod 83 to move downward. Simultaneously, the pull rod 84 flips upward along the fixed block 8. During the rotation of the pull rod 84, the upper end of the rotating push rod 83 swings downward. During the upward flip of the pull rod 84, the pressing block 85 swings upward at an angle. During the movement of the pressing block 85, the upper end of the pressing push rod 82 swings upward. The pull rod 84 on the surface of the fixed block 8 rotates around the surface of the fixed block 8 under the resistance of the rotating push rod 83, thereby driving the pressing block 85 to gradually move towards the pressing groove 32 through the pull rod 84. During the process of the pressing block 85 moving towards the pressing groove 32, the pressing block 85 changes from a horizontal state to an inclined state under the restriction of the pressing push rod 82. When the pull rod 84 is in a vertical position, and the height of the shaft connecting the pull rod 84 and the rotating rod 83 is still greater than the height of the shaft of the protruding part of the power push block 81, the height of the shaft connecting the pull rod 84 and the pressing block 85 is equal to the height of the shaft connecting the pressing rod 82 and the pressing block 85. The pressing block 85 is in a horizontal position under the pull of the pull rod 84 and the support of the pressing rod 82. At this time, the pressing block is located inside the pressing groove 32 and directly above the pressing groove 32 under the action of the pressing block 85. As the placement platform 12 continues to slide down, the height of the rotating shaft of the protruding part of the power push block 81 gradually becomes the same horizontal plane as the height of the rotating shaft connecting the pull push rod 84 and the rotating push rod 83. The pull push rod 84 continues to slide under the resistance of the rotating push rod 83 until it contacts the inner wall of the contraction groove 7 and cannot continue to rotate under the restriction of the inner wall of the contraction groove 7. At this time, the rotating shaft of the protruding part of the power push block 81 and the rotating shaft of the surface of the pull push rod 84 are on the same horizontal plane. During this process, the height of the rotating shaft connecting the pressing push rod 82 and the pressing block 85 gradually becomes greater than the height of the rotating shaft between the pull push rod 84 and the pressing block 85. Under the support of the rotating shaft connecting the pressing push rod 82, the pressing block 85 rotates around one end of the pull push rod 84, causing the pressing block located directly above the pressing groove 32 to gradually tilt and contact the inner wall below the pressing groove 32, giving the pressing groove 32 a downward pressure, pressing the landing gear 31 from all directions, thereby fixing the base of the UAV fuselage 3. At this time, the drone body 3 restricts the contact slide bar 52 through the locking groove 51, thereby restricting the horizontal sliding of the drone body 3. Then, the pressure block restricts the vertical direction of the drone body 3 base. The locking groove 51 restricts horizontal displacement, and the clamping mechanism applies pressure to the drone base to form vertical pressure plus omnidirectional constraint around the perimeter. This ensures that the drone does not move even when the vehicle is driving on complex road conditions such as mountain roads or construction sites. Compared with the method of fixing only the base, the impact resistance is greatly improved.

Claims

1. A platform for air-to-ground early warning unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for railway operation safety protection, comprising a storage box (1), characterized in that: The storage box (1) is slidably connected to an adjustable slide frame (11), and the adjustable slide frame (11) is slidably connected to a placement platform (12). The drone fuselage (3) is arranged above the placement platform (12). Two landing gears (31) are symmetrically arranged on the lower surface of the drone fuselage (3). The landing gears (31) are T-shaped, and the protruding parts on both sides of the landing gears (31) are provided with clamping grooves (32). The storage box (1) is equipped with a storage mechanism to ensure that the drone is stably stored inside the storage box (1). The upper end of the storage box (1) is equipped with an opening and closing mechanism to seal the outlet of the storage box (1). The storage box (1) is equipped with an adjustment mechanism to provide power to the opening and closing mechanism. The surface of the adjustment slide frame (11) is equipped with a positioning mechanism to position the drone stored inside the storage box (1).

2. The air-to-ground early warning UAV platform for railway operation safety protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged adjustment guide grooves (2) on the inner wall of the storage box (1). Adjustment guide blocks (21) are fixedly connected to both sides of the adjustment slide frame (11). The adjustment guide blocks (21) extend into the interior of the adjustment guide groove (2) adjacent to them. Placement guide grooves (22) are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the adjustment slide frame (11). Placement guide blocks (23) are fixedly connected to both sides of the placement platform (12). The placement guide blocks (23) extend into the interior of the placement guide groove (22) adjacent to them. Two support springs (24) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the storage box (1). Both support springs (24) are fixedly connected to the adjustment slide frame (11). A drive groove is opened inside the storage box (1). An electric telescopic rod is installed inside the drive groove. The output shaft of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the placement platform (12).

3. The air-to-ground early warning UAV platform for railway operation safety protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing mechanism includes two sealing guide rails (4) symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the storage box (1). Two sealing plates (41) are slidably connected between the two sealing guide rails (4). Two limiting grooves (42) are symmetrically opened on both sides of the sealing plates (41). An extension groove (43) is symmetrically opened inside the sealing guide rails (4). A limiting block (45) is slidably connected inside the extension groove (43). A limiting spring (44) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension groove (43). The limiting spring (44) is fixedly connected to the limiting block (45). One end of the limiting block (45) is provided with a round head. The round head of the limiting block (45) extends into the interior of the limiting groove (42).

4. The air-to-ground early warning UAV platform for railway operation safety protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism includes four countersunk grooves (5) arranged in a circular array on the surface of the adjusting slide frame (11). The bottom plane of the countersunk grooves (5) is provided with a locking groove (51). The surface of the UAV body (3) is provided with four arms arranged in a circular array. A contact slide rod (52) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of one end of the UAV body (3) arm. A ball is provided inside one end of the contact slide rod (52). The ball extends out of the contact slide rod (52). The contact slide rod (52) is slidably connected to the inside of the locking groove (51). The surface of the contact slide rod (52) is in contact with the inner wall of the locking groove (51).

5. The air-to-ground early warning UAV platform for railway operation safety protection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes two side grooves (6) symmetrically opened on the inner wall of the storage box (1). An adjustment slide plate (61) is slidably connected inside the two side grooves (6). The two adjustment slide plates (61) are symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the adjustment slide frame (11). Two extension push rods (62) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sealing plate (41). The extension push rods (62) extend into the interior of the side grooves (6) close to them.

6. The air-to-ground early warning UAV platform for railway operation safety protection according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two symmetrical adjustment grooves (64) are opened on the surface of the adjustment slide plate (61). A contact groove (65) is opened at one end of the adjustment groove (64) away from the center line of the adjustment slide plate (61). The contact groove (65) is vertically arranged and passes through the outside of the adjustment slide plate (61). One end of the extension push rod (62) is fixedly connected to the abutment shaft (63). The abutment shaft (63) is located on the sliding path of the adjustment slide plate (61). The abutment shaft (63) is slidably connected to the inside of the contact groove (65). A drive mechanism is provided inside the placement platform (12).

7. A railway operation safety protection air-to-ground early warning UAV platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes multiple retraction grooves (7) symmetrically opened on the surface of the placement platform (12). The multiple retraction grooves (7) are respectively located on both sides of the landing gear (31). A spring groove (71) is opened inside the placement platform (12). An abutment rod (72) is slidably connected inside the retraction groove (7). The abutment rod (72) extends out of the placement platform (12) through the spring groove (71). An abutment disc (74) is fixedly connected to the surface of the abutment rod (72). The abutment disc (74) is slidably connected to the inside of the spring groove (71). An abutment spring (73) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spring groove (71). The abutment spring (73) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the abutment disc (74). A pressing mechanism is provided inside the retraction groove (7).

8. The air-to-ground early warning UAV platform for railway operation safety protection according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism includes a fixed abutment (8) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shrinkage groove (7). One end of the abutment rod (72) extending into the shrinkage groove (7) is fixedly connected to a power push block (81). The power push block (81) is T-shaped. Both sides of the fixed abutment (8) are rotatably connected to a pull push rod (84) via a rotating shaft. A pressure block (85) is rotatably connected between the ends of the two pull push rods (84) away from the fixed abutment (8). The side of the pressure block (85) close to the fixed abutment (8) is fixed. A pressure block is connected, and a rubber pad is provided on the lower surface of the pressure block. The protruding part of the power push block (81) is rotatably connected to a rotating push rod (83) through a rotating shaft. One end of the rotating push rod (83) is rotatably connected to the surface of the pull push rod (84) close to it through a rotating shaft. Both sides of the end of the power push block (81) away from the fixed abutment (8) are rotatably connected to a pressing push rod (82) through a rotating shaft. One end of the pressing push rod (82) is rotatably connected to the surface of the pressing block (85) away from the fixed abutment (8) through a rotating shaft.

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