Unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted multi-stage cyclone adsorption membrane integrated device

Abstract

This invention discloses a drone-mounted multi-stage cyclone adsorption membrane integrated device, relating to the field of environmental monitoring technology. It includes an integrated device body mounted below a drone platform. The integrated device body includes a lightweight base plate, on which a water pumping module, a two-stage cyclone treatment module, a membrane filtration module, and a drainage module are sequentially arranged. The water pumping module is used to extract water samples to be monitored. The two-stage cyclone treatment module is used to pre-filter the extracted water to remove particulate impurities. The membrane filtration module is used to enrich the target substances to be detected in the water. The drainage module is used to discharge the wastewater filtered by the two-stage cyclone treatment module and the membrane filtration module. This invention enriches the target substances in the overflow water entering the membrane filtration module, and correspondingly, the filtered and enriched wastewater is finally discharged through the drainage module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, specifically to an integrated device for multi-stage swirling adsorption membranes mounted on a drone. Background Technology

[0002] Environmental monitoring is a fundamental task in ecological environmental protection and pollution control. In recent years, the monitoring of emerging / trace pollutants, such as environmental DNA (eDNA), microplastics, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), has received increasing attention. However, current monitoring practices still heavily rely on traditional manual processes in sample collection, enrichment, and pretreatment, presenting significant technical bottlenecks.

[0003] For eDNA monitoring, a typical process includes: manually collecting water samples on-site, using filter membranes or cartridges to retain and enrich the target DNA, then transferring the filter membrane / cartridge to the laboratory, extracting the DNA after elution or lysis, and finally detecting and analyzing it using methods such as PCR, qPCR, LAMP, or sequencing. All of these processes are based on manual ground operations, involve many steps, and have slow response times, making them unsuitable for monitoring needs in large-scale, high-frequency, or emergency scenarios.

[0004] Currently, the rapid development of drone technology has provided a new mobile platform for environmental monitoring, possessing the capabilities of wide-range cruising, rapid arrival, and hovering operations, which can significantly expand sampling space and shorten response time. However, simply integrating existing membrane filtration or solid-phase extraction enrichment devices into drone platforms has the following drawbacks in practical applications: 1) When treating high-turbidity water, direct membrane filtration causes suspended particulate matter to rapidly clog the membrane pores, leading to a sharp increase in filtration resistance. Since the payload capacity and flight time of UAV platforms are extremely limited (typically only tens of minutes to several hours), this drastic decrease in filtration efficiency directly results in a severely insufficient effective water sample processing volume per flight, and may even lead to mission failure due to the inability to complete sampling within the specified flight time. This significantly weakens the core advantage of UAVs in rapid and mobile sampling.

[0005] 2) Existing enrichment methods primarily rely on physical size-based retention or hydrophobic adsorption, making it difficult to achieve high selectivity and high recovery rates for capturing multiple target analytes with vastly different physicochemical properties simultaneously. In particular, for target analytes present in extremely low concentrations and smaller sizes in water, such as small eDNA fragments (<100 bp), nanoplastics (<1 μm), and POPs and drug residues often existing in colloidal states, traditional retention or adsorption methods easily lead to target analytes penetrating the filter membrane or being lost during multi-step pretreatment and transfer processes. In UAV-borne scenarios, the short flight window and limited sample volume mean that insufficient capture efficiency or excessive target analyte penetration loss during enrichment will directly result in target analyte concentrations in the airborne samples falling below the detection limit, causing false negatives or severely underestimating the quantification, rendering the data from rapid UAV surveys scientifically worthless. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated multi-stage cyclone adsorption membrane device mounted on a drone, so as to solve the problem that suspended particulate matter can quickly clog the pores of the filter membrane in the prior art.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a drone-mounted multi-stage cyclone adsorption membrane integrated device, comprising an integrated device body mounted below a drone platform, the integrated device body including a lightweight base plate. The lightweight base plate is sequentially equipped with a pumping module, a two-stage cyclone treatment module, a membrane filtration module, and a drainage module. The pumping module is used to extract water samples to be monitored. The two-stage cyclone treatment module is used to pre-filter the extracted water to remove particulate impurities from the water. The membrane filtration module is used to enrich the target substances to be detected in the water; The drainage module is used to discharge the wastewater filtered by the two-stage cyclone treatment module and the membrane filtration module.

[0008] Preferably, the membrane filtration module includes a functionalized membrane component, which includes at least one of a physical retention membrane, a chemical adsorption membrane, or a retention-adsorption composite membrane.

[0009] Preferably, positively charged polymers or silanol groups are introduced onto the surface of the chemical adsorption membrane for enriching eDNA and antibiotic resistance gene carriers. The positively charged polymers include one or more of polyethyleneimine (PEI), chitosan, or quaternized polymers. The chemical adsorption membrane surface is further incorporating hydrophobic groups or aromatic structures to enrich the microplastic surface and hydrophobic organic molecules through hydrophobic interactions and π-π interactions.

[0010] Preferably, the pumping module includes a first centrifugal pump fixedly installed on the lightweight base plate. The inlet end of the first centrifugal pump is connected to a pumping pipe, the end of which extends to the bottom of the lightweight base plate, and the other end is connected to a two-stage vortex treatment module.

[0011] Preferably, the two-stage hydrocyclone treatment module includes a first-stage hydrocyclone that is fixedly arranged at an angle on a lightweight base plate, and a first centrifugal pump is connected to the first-stage hydrocyclone through an inlet pipe; The first stage hydrocyclone has a first slag discharge pipe at its bottom.

[0012] Preferably, the lightweight base plate is also fixedly provided with a mounting frame, and the two-stage cyclone treatment module also includes a second-stage hydrocyclone fixed on the mounting frame, and the overflow end of the first-stage hydrocyclone is connected to the second-stage hydrocyclone through a first overflow pipe; The second-stage hydrocyclone is equipped with a second slag discharge pipe at its bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the membrane filtration module includes a membrane filter fixed on a mounting frame, the overflow end of the second-stage hydrocyclone is connected to the membrane filter through a second overflow pipe, and a functionalized membrane assembly is disposed in the membrane filter; The membrane filter is provided with a third slag discharge pipe at the bottom.

[0014] Preferably, the drainage module includes a second centrifugal pump fixed to a lightweight base plate. One end of the second centrifugal pump is provided with a first drainage pipe, and a second slag discharge pipe and a third slag discharge pipe are simultaneously connected to the first drainage pipe. The other end of the second centrifugal pump is provided with a second drainage pipe, and the end of the second drainage pipe extends to the bottom of the lightweight base plate.

[0015] Preferably, the membrane filter is provided with a filter box at the bottom, a sliding groove is opened on one side of the filter box, a filter plate is slidably embedded in the sliding groove, a through groove is opened on the filter plate, an annular frame is fixedly arranged on the groove wall of the through groove, a filter disc is embedded in the annular frame, and a functionalized membrane assembly is disposed on the filter disc.

[0016] Preferably, a first receiving pipe is fixedly arranged on the center end of the filter disc, and a second receiving pipe connected to the first receiving pipe is fixedly arranged at the bottom of its center end; The membrane filter is also equipped with a guide pipe, and the end of the first slag discharge pipe away from the first-stage hydrocyclone extends to connect with the guide pipe.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. This invention first mounts and fixes the lightweight base plate of the integrated device body to the underside of the UAV platform. Then, the UAV drives the integrated device body to fly over the target water body, such as a remote lake or reservoir. The water to be tested is then pumped out by the pumping module and transported to a two-stage cyclone treatment module. The two-stage cyclone treatment module pre-filters the pumped water to remove large-sized silt, plant debris, algae flocs, fine organic flocs, and algae flakes. After the water is pre-filtered by the two-stage cyclone treatment module, it can be transported to the membrane filtration module. The membrane filtration module enriches the target substances in the overflow water entering it. Correspondingly, the filtered and enriched wastewater is finally discharged through the drainage module.

[0018] 2. During the continuous water pumping process of the integrated device body driven by the drone of the present invention, the treated water will also be discharged back to the outside of the integrated device body at the same time. This avoids the weight of the integrated device body from increasing in real time due to water pumping, thereby reducing the load on the drone during the water pumping process and ensuring that the drone can always be in a stable flight state. Accordingly, this embodiment sets a two-stage vortex treatment module on the front side of the membrane filter module, so that the particulate impurities in the water to be tested are removed in advance by the two-stage vortex treatment module before entering the membrane filter module. This avoids the phenomenon of water directly entering the membrane filter module and causing membrane blockage, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the membrane filter module. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a drone-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device according to the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a drone-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a drone-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device according to the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 4 This is a side view of the integrated device for multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane mounted on a drone according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a drone-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an integrated multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane device mounted on a drone according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the filter disc in a drone-mounted multi-stage cyclone adsorption membrane integrated device of the present invention; Figure 8This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the filter plate in a drone-mounted multi-stage cyclone adsorption membrane integrated device of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged portion at point A in the middle.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Lightweight base plate; 2. Battery; 3. First-stage hydrocyclone; 4. Second-stage hydrocyclone; 5. Membrane filter; 6. Second centrifugal pump; 7. Filter disc; 101. Mounting bracket; 201. First centrifugal pump; 202. Pumping pipe; 203. Inlet pipe; 301. First overflow pipe; 302. First slag discharge pipe; 303. Filter box; 304. Slide chute; 305. Circular frame; 306. Filter plate; 307. Handle; 308. Through groove; 401. Second overflow pipe; 402. Second slag discharge pipe; 501. Third slag discharge pipe; 502. Guide pipe; 601. First drain pipe; 602. Second drain pipe; 701. First receiving pipe; 702. Second receiving pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 In existing direct membrane filtration technologies, when treating high-turbidity water, suspended particulate matter quickly clogs the filter membrane pores, leading to a sharp increase in filtration resistance.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5 In this embodiment, a drone-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device includes an integrated device body mounted below the drone platform. Specifically, the integrated device body in this embodiment includes a lightweight base plate 1, which is made of carbon fiber. The overall modular design is adopted to control the weight. All components are integrated and installed on the carbon fiber lightweight base plate 1, and can be fixed to the hexacopter drone pod through quick connectors to meet the payload requirements of the drone.

[0024] In this embodiment, a pumping module, a two-stage cyclone treatment module, a membrane filtration module, and a drainage module are sequentially arranged on the lightweight base plate 1. Specifically, the pumping module is used to extract water samples to be monitored. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the integrated device can be flown to the target water body, such as a remote lake or reservoir, by a drone, and then the water to be tested can be extracted by the pumping module for subsequent testing. The two-stage cyclone treatment module is used to pre-filter the extracted water to remove particulate impurities. It should be noted that in this embodiment, before the extracted water is enriched by the membrane, it is first pre-treated and filtered by the two-stage cyclone treatment module to remove solid particulate impurities such as large-sized silt, plant debris, algal flocs, fine organic flocs and algal sheets. The membrane filtration module is used to enrich the target substances to be detected in the water. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the water that has been pre-filtered by the two-stage cyclone treatment module can be transported to the membrane filtration module. The membrane filtration module is configured to enrich the target substances in the overflow water entering it through a physical interception mechanism, a chemical adsorption mechanism, or a combination of both. The target substances include one or more of the following: environmental DNA (eDNA), microplastics / nanoplastics, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) carriers, and colloidal particles.

[0025] The drainage module is used to discharge the wastewater filtered by the two-stage cyclone treatment module and the membrane filtration module. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the wastewater filtered by the two-stage cyclone treatment module and the membrane filtration module can be discharged simultaneously through the drainage module, thereby reducing the load on the integrated device body when taking water and ensuring that the UAV can carry it to stable flight.

[0026] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, the lightweight base plate 1 of the integrated device body is mounted and fixed under the UAV platform. Then, the UAV drives the integrated device body to fly over the target water body, such as a remote lake or reservoir. The water to be tested is then pumped out by the pumping module and transported to the two-stage cyclone treatment module. The two-stage cyclone treatment module pre-filters the pumped water to remove large-sized silt, plant debris, algae flocs, fine organic flocs, and algae flakes. After the water is pre-filtered by the two-stage cyclone treatment module, it can be transported to the membrane filtration module. The membrane filtration module enriches the target substances in the overflow water entering it. Correspondingly, the filtered and enriched wastewater is finally discharged through the drainage module.

[0027] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment is that: while the drone in this embodiment is continuously pumping water, it will also simultaneously discharge the treated water back to the outside of the integrated device body, thus avoiding the weight of the integrated device body from increasing in real time due to water pumping, thereby reducing the load on the drone during the water pumping process and ensuring that the drone can always be in a stable flight state. Correspondingly, this embodiment sets a two-stage vortex treatment module on the front side of the membrane filter module, so that the particulate impurities in the water to be tested are removed in advance by the two-stage vortex treatment module before entering the membrane filter module, avoiding the phenomenon of water directly entering the membrane filter module and causing membrane blockage, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the membrane filter module.

[0028] It should be noted that, such as Figures 6-9 The membrane filtration module of this embodiment includes a functionalized membrane component, which includes at least one of a physical retention membrane, a chemical adsorption membrane, or a retention-adsorption composite membrane. Specifically, the physical retention membrane in this embodiment captures target particles and carriers through a pore size sieving / retention mechanism; the retention-adsorption composite membrane achieves an enhanced enrichment effect through first retention and then adsorption or synergistic capture. Chemisorption membranes actively adsorb target analytes through electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic / hydrophilic interactions, π-π interactions, or specific ligand recognition mechanisms. Further explanation is needed: For eDNA and antibiotic resistance gene vectors, positively charged polymers or silanol groups are introduced onto the surface of the chemisorption membrane. The positively charged polymers adsorb negatively charged DNA and antibiotic resistance gene vectors, bacteria, plasmid particles, and extracellular vesicles through electrostatic interactions. The silanol groups enhance DNA adsorption by regulating ionic strength. For microplastics / nanoplastics, persistent organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, hydrophobic groups or aromatic structures are introduced on the surface of chemical adsorption membranes to achieve co-enrichment of microplastic surfaces and hydrophobic organic molecules by utilizing hydrophobic interactions and π-π interactions. For colloidal particles and other micro / nano particles, chemisorption membranes achieve physicochemical synergistic capture of colloidal pollutants and their carriers through the regulation of composite charge, hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity, and surface roughness structure.

[0029] As one embodiment of this example, the positively charged polymer in this example includes one or more of polyethyleneimine (PEI), chitosan, or quaternized polymers. Furthermore, the method for detecting target substances in overflow water entering the functionalized membrane assembly of this embodiment includes at least one of the following approaches: S100. The enriched functionalized membrane components are cut into 2-5 mm pieces and directly added to the PCR / qPCR / LAMP system for the detection of eDNA and antibiotic resistance gene vectors. S200. Place the functionalized membrane module on the stage of a Raman or FTIR microscope to scan and identify the enriched microplastics; use thermal desorption-GC / MS or solvent desorption-LC / MS to perform qualitative and quantitative detection of persistent organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products. S300 uses a small-volume elution method to obtain high-concentration sample solutions. eDNA is eluted with 10-20 μL of elution buffer for sequencing or barcode analysis, while persistent organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products are eluted with small-volume organic solvents before entering the subsequent chromatography-mass spectrometry detection process.

[0030] Furthermore, the method for detecting target substances in overflow water entering the functionalized membrane assembly of this embodiment includes at least one of the following approaches: The enriched functionalized membrane components were cut into 2-5 mm pieces and directly added to the PCR / qPCR / LAMP system for the detection of eDNA and antibiotic resistance gene vectors. Functionalized membrane modules were placed on a Raman or FTIR microscope stage to scan and identify enriched microplastics; persistent organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products were qualitatively and quantitatively detected using thermal desorption-GC / MS or solvent desorption-LC / MS. High-concentration sample solutions were obtained using a small-volume elution method. eDNA was eluted with 10-20 μL of elution buffer for sequencing or barcode analysis, while persistent organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products were eluted with small-volume organic solvents before entering the subsequent chromatography-mass spectrometry detection process.

[0031] It should be noted that, such as Figures 1-6 The pumping module includes a first centrifugal pump 201 fixedly installed on a lightweight base plate 1. The inlet end of the first centrifugal pump 201 is connected to a pumping pipe 202, the end of which extends to the bottom of the lightweight base plate 1, and the other end is connected to a two-stage cyclone treatment module. Specifically, when the integrated device body of this embodiment is pumping water, the drone adjusts the height so that the pumping pipe 202 moves into the water and the first centrifugal pump 201 is started. The first centrifugal pump 201 can then pump water to the two-stage cyclone treatment module through the pumping pipe 202.

[0032] like Figures 3 to 7In this embodiment, the two-stage hydrocyclone treatment module includes a first-stage hydrocyclone 3 that is fixedly and inclined on a lightweight base plate 1, and a first centrifugal pump 201 connected to the first-stage hydrocyclone 3 through an inlet pipe 203; wherein, a first slag discharge pipe 302 is provided at the bottom of the first-stage hydrocyclone 3; it can be noted that after the first centrifugal pump 201 delivers water to the first-stage hydrocyclone 3, under the action of the centrifugal field, large-sized silt, plant debris, algae flocs and other coarse particles are discharged with the bottom flow; In this embodiment, a mounting frame 101 is also fixedly arranged on the lightweight base plate 1. The two-stage hydrocyclone treatment module also includes a second-stage hydrocyclone 4 fixed on the mounting frame 101. The overflow end of the first-stage hydrocyclone 3 is connected to the second-stage hydrocyclone 4 through the first overflow pipe 301. The bottom of the second-stage hydrocyclone 4 is provided with a second slag discharge pipe 402. It can be explained that the water after being treated by the first-stage hydrocyclone 3 can enter the second-stage hydrocyclone 4 through the first overflow pipe 301 along its overflow end, further removing small organic flocs, algae and other medium-sized particles. The removed particles are discharged with the second slag discharge pipe 402.

[0033] As a further embodiment, the membrane filtration module includes a membrane filter 5 fixed on the mounting bracket 101. The overflow end of the second-stage hydrocyclone 4 is connected to the membrane filter 5 through a second overflow pipe 401. A functionalized membrane assembly is disposed in the membrane filter 5. A third sludge discharge pipe 501 is disposed at the bottom of the membrane filter 5. It can be explained that under pressure, water passes through the functionalized membrane assembly, and the target substance is enriched through electrostatic adsorption, hydrophobic effect and pore size interception. The wastewater passing through the functionalized membrane assembly is discharged along the third sludge discharge pipe 501.

[0034] In this embodiment, the drainage module includes a second centrifugal pump 6 fixed on the lightweight base plate 1. One end of the second centrifugal pump 6 is provided with a first drainage pipe 601, and a second slag discharge pipe 402 and a third slag discharge pipe 501 are simultaneously connected to the first drainage pipe 601. The other end of the second centrifugal pump 6 is provided with a second drainage pipe 602, and the end of the second drainage pipe 602 extends to the bottom of the lightweight base plate 1. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the wastewater treated by the second-stage hydrocyclone 4 and the membrane filter 5 is discharged, the second centrifugal pump 6 is started. The second centrifugal pump 6 draws out the generated wastewater through the first drainage pipe 601 and discharges it uniformly along the second drainage pipe 602.

[0035] Example 2 It is understandable that in Embodiment 1, the prior art typically places the functionalized membrane module in the membrane filter 5. However, after enrichment is completed, the sealing cap of the membrane filter 5 needs to be removed manually, and then the functionalized membrane module needs to be taken out, which is a rather cumbersome process.

[0036] like Figure 3 as well as Figures 6 to 9 To solve the above problems, a filter box 303 is provided at the bottom of the membrane filter 5. A sliding groove 304 is opened on one side of the filter box 303. A filter plate 306 is slidably embedded in the sliding groove 304. A through groove 308 is opened on the filter plate 306. An annular frame 305 is fixedly arranged on the groove wall of the through groove 308. A filter disc 7 is embedded on the annular frame 305. The functional membrane assembly is set on the filter disc 7.

[0037] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: In this embodiment, the filter plate 306 is slidably arranged in the slide groove 304 of the filter box 303. When it is necessary to replace or remove the functional membrane component on the filter plate 7, the filter plate 306 can be pulled out from the slide groove 304. The operation is very convenient. When the functional membrane component is in use, the filter plate 7 plays a role in water permeability, so that the enriched wastewater can pass through the filter plate 7 and be discharged to the third slag discharge pipe 501.

[0038] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment is that by setting the filter plate 306 as a pull-out structure, it is convenient for staff to replace the functional membrane components. The operation is convenient and does not require staff to disassemble the membrane filter 5.

[0039] It should be noted that, such as Figure 9 A handle 307 is also fixedly installed on one side of the filter plate 306, and the staff can directly pull the handle 307 to pull out the filter plate 306.

[0040] like Figures 6 to 9 In this embodiment, in order to uniformly discharge the wastewater discharged from the second slag discharge pipe 402 through the second centrifugal pump 6, a first receiving pipe 701 is fixedly arranged on the center end of the filter disc 7, and a second receiving pipe 702 connected to the first receiving pipe 701 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of its center end. The membrane filter 5 is also provided with a guide pipe 502, and the end of the first slag discharge pipe 302 away from the first stage hydrocyclone 3 extends to connect with the guide pipe 502. It can be noted that in this embodiment, when the filter plate 306 is embedded into the slide groove 304, the first receiving pipe 701 and the guide pipe 502 on the filter disc 7 are in a connected state. When the wastewater at the bottom of the first stage hydrocyclone 3 is discharged along the second slag discharge pipe 402, it is discharged to the bottom of the membrane filter 5 in sequence through the first receiving pipe 701 and the second receiving pipe 702, and finally discharged uniformly through the third slag discharge pipe 501.

[0041] In addition, a battery 2 is fixedly installed on the lightweight base plate 1 of this embodiment for power supply.

[0042] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed application.

Claims

1. A drone-mounted multi-stage cyclone adsorption membrane integrated device, characterized in that, The integrated device body is mounted on the underside of the UAV platform, and the integrated device body includes a lightweight base plate (1). The lightweight base plate (1) is provided with a pumping module, a two-stage cyclone treatment module, a membrane filtration module and a drainage module in sequence. The pumping module is used to extract water samples to be monitored. The two-stage cyclone treatment module is used to pre-filter the extracted water to remove particulate impurities from the water. The membrane filtration module is used to enrich the target substances to be detected in the water; The drainage module is used to discharge the wastewater filtered by the two-stage cyclone treatment module and the membrane filtration module.

2. The UAV-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The membrane filtration module includes functionalized membrane components, which include at least one of physical retention membranes, chemical adsorption membranes, or retention-adsorption composite membranes.

3. The UAV-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The surface of the chemical adsorption membrane is introduced with positively charged polymers or silanol groups to enrich eDNA and antibiotic resistance gene carriers. The positively charged polymers include one or more of polyethyleneimine (PEI), chitosan, or quaternized polymers. The chemical adsorption membrane surface is further incorporating hydrophobic groups or aromatic structures to enrich the microplastic surface and hydrophobic organic molecules through hydrophobic interactions and π-π interactions.

4. The UAV-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pumping module includes a first centrifugal pump (201) fixedly installed on the lightweight base plate (1). The inlet end of the first centrifugal pump (201) is connected to a pumping pipe (202). The end of the pumping pipe (202) extends to the bottom of the lightweight base plate (1), and its other end is connected to the two-stage vortex treatment module.

5. The UAV-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The two-stage hydrocyclone treatment module includes a first-stage hydrocyclone (3) that is fixedly arranged at an inclination on a lightweight base plate (1), and a first centrifugal pump (201) is connected to the first-stage hydrocyclone (3) through an inlet pipe (203). The first stage hydrocyclone (3) is provided with a first slag discharge pipe (302) at the bottom.

6. The UAV-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The lightweight base plate (1) is also fixedly provided with a mounting frame (101). The two-stage cyclone treatment module also includes a second-stage hydrocyclone (4) fixed on the mounting frame (101). The overflow end of the first-stage hydrocyclone (3) is connected to the second-stage hydrocyclone (4) through the first overflow pipe (301). The second stage hydrocyclone (4) is equipped with a second slag discharge pipe (402) at the bottom.

7. The UAV-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The membrane filtration module includes a membrane filter (5) fixed on a mounting bracket (101), the overflow end of the second-stage hydrocyclone (4) is connected to the membrane filter (5) through a second overflow pipe (401), and a functionalized membrane assembly is disposed in the membrane filter (5). The membrane filter (5) is provided with a third slag discharge pipe (501) at the bottom.

8. The UAV-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The drainage module includes a second centrifugal pump (6) fixed on a lightweight base plate (1). A first drainage pipe (601) is provided at one end of the second centrifugal pump (6). A second slag discharge pipe (402) and a third slag discharge pipe (501) are simultaneously connected to the first drainage pipe (601). A second drainage pipe (602) is provided at the other end of the second centrifugal pump (6). The end of the second drainage pipe (602) extends to the bottom of the lightweight base plate (1).

9. The UAV-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the membrane filter (5) is provided with a filter box (303), a slide groove (304) is opened on one side of the filter box (303), a filter plate (306) is slidably embedded in the slide groove (304), a through groove (308) is opened on the filter plate (306), an annular frame (305) is fixedly arranged on the groove wall of the through groove (308), a filter disc (7) is embedded on the annular frame (305), and a functionalized membrane assembly is set on the filter disc (7).

10. The UAV-mounted multi-stage swirling adsorption membrane integrated device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The filter disc (7) is fixedly provided with a first receiving pipe (701) at the center end, and a second receiving pipe (702) connected to the first receiving pipe (701) is fixedly provided at the bottom of its center end. The membrane filter (5) is also provided with a guide pipe (502), and the end of the first slag discharge pipe (302) away from the first stage hydrocyclone (3) extends to connect with the guide pipe (502).

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