A device for preparing regenerated rubber by devulcanization and plasticization

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of rubber desulfurization equipment, specifically to a desulfurization and plasticizing device for preparing reclaimed rubber from waste rubber. It includes a frame with a central cylinder fixedly mounted on it. Two electric heating blocks are integrated inside the central cylinder. It also includes a return cylinder and a feed cylinder, both fixedly mounted on the central cylinder. Both the return cylinder and the feed cylinder have screw conveyor modules installed inside. A return opening communicating with the central cylinder is located at the top of the central cylinder. A return branch pipe connects the return cylinder and the feed cylinder. A crushing chamber is located inside the central cylinder directly below the corresponding return cylinder. The bottom of the feed cylinder communicates with the crushing chamber, which contains crushing components. A discharge slot communicating with the crushing chamber is located at the bottom of the central cylinder. The beneficial effects of this invention are: through the design of a vulcanizing swirl drum, a reciprocating pressure frame, multiple shear shafts and their linkage gears, and four sector gear segments with alternating central angles on the inner wall of the transmission gear cylinder, a multi-dimensional composite stress field is constructed during the desulfurization and plasticizing process of waste rubber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rubber desulfurization equipment technology, specifically to a desulfurization and plasticizing device for preparing reclaimed rubber from waste rubber. Background Technology

[0002] Desulfurization and plasticization of waste rubber is a key step in realizing its resource recycling. Currently, various desulfurization equipment has been developed in the industry. For example, patent document CN106832396B discloses a fully automatic plasticizing desulfurization machine. This solution uses a multi-stage heating auger assembly to preheat the rubber compound and performs extrusion desulfurization through a desulfurization screw with pins and variable screw groove depth design. However, the above technical solutions still have the following technical problems in use: Existing equipment often employs continuous unidirectional screw extrusion or intermittent strong shearing, which makes it difficult to create a uniform, controllable, and reciprocating stress field within the rubber compound. This results in localized over-shearing or under-shearing of the rubber compound, leading to large fluctuations in key performance indicators such as tensile strength and elongation at break of the reclaimed rubber, making it difficult to guarantee quality stability. The mechanical structure of existing equipment often only provides fixed motion modes and cannot flexibly and dynamically adjust core process parameters such as shear amplitude and reciprocating stroke according to the desulfurization process. At the same time, in order to achieve the ideal desulfurization effect, existing equipment often requires multiple independent functional modules to be connected in series in the horizontal direction, including feeding devices, multi-stage heating auger groups, screw extrusion desulfurization devices, and screw extrusion cooling devices. This long and vertical layout results in the entire machine being several meters or even tens of meters long, which not only occupies valuable factory space but also imposes stringent requirements on the installation space of the production line, limiting its application in space-constrained old factory renovations or compact production lines. Based on this, the present invention provides a desulfurization and plasticizing device for preparing reclaimed rubber from waste rubber to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a desulfurization and plasticizing device for preparing reclaimed rubber from waste rubber, thus solving the problem of limited desulfurization uniformity and quality stability in existing desulfurization and plasticizing devices.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A desulfurization and plasticizing device for preparing reclaimed rubber from waste rubber, comprising a frame, on which a middle cylinder is fixedly installed, and two electric heating blocks are integratedly installed inside the middle cylinder, and further comprising: Both the return cylinder and the feed cylinder are fixedly installed on the middle cylinder. Both the return cylinder and the feed cylinder are equipped with screw conveyor modules. The top of the middle cylinder has a return opening that communicates with the middle cylinder. The return cylinder and the feed cylinder are connected by a return branch pipe. The middle cylinder has a crushing chamber located directly below the corresponding return cylinder. The bottom of the feed cylinder communicates with the crushing chamber. The crushing chamber is equipped with crushing components. The bottom of the middle cylinder has a discharge bar that communicates with the crushing chamber. A vulcanizing swirl is rotatably mounted on a middle cylinder, and vulcanizing chambers are arrayed inside the vulcanizing swirl. A reciprocating press frame is slidably mounted on the machine frame. A spinning press frame is rotatably connected to the reciprocating press frame. A shearing shaft is rotatably mounted on the spinning press frame at the position corresponding to each vulcanization chamber. A spiral blade is fixedly mounted on the shearing shaft at the position corresponding to each vulcanization chamber. A linkage gear is fixedly mounted on each shearing shaft. The linkage gears on adjacent shearing shafts mesh with each other. A reciprocating shaft is rotatably mounted on a vulcanizing drum, and a torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection between the two. The reciprocating shaft is connected to a shearing shaft for transmission, and a reciprocating gear is fixedly mounted on the reciprocating shaft. The reciprocating drive assembly is configured to infinitely adjust the reciprocating stroke of the reciprocating pressure frame; The transmission gear cylinder is rotatably mounted on the vulcanizing cylinder. The inner wall of the transmission gear cylinder is alternately provided with four toothless arc surfaces and four sector tooth segments. The four sector tooth segments correspond to different center angles, and the four sector tooth segments alternately mesh with reciprocating gears. The drive motor is configured to drive the reciprocating drive assembly and to drive the transmission gear cylinder and vulcanizing swivel cylinder to rotate.

[0005] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0006] Preferably, the return cylinder is positioned directly above the feed cylinder, the feed cylinder is connected to a feed hopper, one end of the feed cylinder is fixedly connected to a discharge valve pipe, and a microcontroller is fixedly mounted on the frame.

[0007] Preferably, the reciprocating drive assembly includes a drive slide plate and a linear transmission module fixedly mounted on the frame. An adjusting slide plate is drivenly connected to the linear transmission module and is slidably connected to the frame. A variable-diameter semi-conical column is rotatably connected to the adjusting slide plate and is drivenly connected to the drive motor. A return spring is installed between the reciprocating pressure frame and the frame. Two elastic preloads are installed between the drive slide plate and the reciprocating pressure frame. The drive slide plate and the variable-diameter semi-conical column are driven by friction.

[0008] Preferably, a hexagonal shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame, the output shaft end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the hexagonal shaft, and a hexagonal sliding hole that is slidably connected to the hexagonal shaft is opened at the axial position of the variable diameter semi-conical column. The cross-sections of the hexagonal sliding hole and the hexagonal shaft are both regular hexagons.

[0009] Preferably, the variable-diameter semi-conical column is provided with a transmission cone surface, the central angle of the transmission cone surface is 180°, both the transmission cone surface and the drive slide plate are provided with friction transmission textures, the cross-section of the transmission cone surface is an isosceles trapezoid, and the length of the variable-diameter semi-conical column is 7 to 10 times the width of the drive slide plate.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a belt shaft rotatably mounted on the frame, and a linkage bevel gear is fixedly mounted on both the belt shaft and the hexagonal shaft. The two linkage bevel gears mesh orthogonally, and two synchronous belts are drivenly connected to the belt shaft. The two synchronous belts are respectively drivenly connected to the vulcanizing drum and the transmission gear cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, a synchronous shaft groove is provided on one of the shearing shafts, and the cross-section of the synchronous shaft groove and the reciprocating shaft are both regular hexagonal. Two sealing rings are fixedly installed on each shearing shaft, and the sealing rings are sealed and fitted to the vulcanizing swirl cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, both of the elastic pretensioners include a T-shaped pretensioner fixedly mounted on the drive slide plate. The T-shaped pretensioner is slidably connected to the reciprocating pressure frame. A pretensioner spring is sleeved on the T-shaped pretensioner at the position between the reciprocating pressure frame and the drive slide plate. The axis of the T-shaped pretensioner is perpendicular to the axis of the hexagonal shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the crushing assembly includes two crushing motors fixedly mounted on the middle cylinder, and a crushing shaft is fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of each of the two crushing motors, with crushing blades arrayed on each crushing shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the vulcanizing chamber has a concave arc surface structure, and the center of the concave arc surface is on the axis of the shear shaft, and the vulcanizing chamber has an opening on the side facing the middle cylinder.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention constructs a multi-dimensional composite stress field during the desulfurization and plasticization of waste rubber through the design of a vulcanizing swirl cylinder, a reciprocating pressure frame, multiple shearing shafts and their linkage gears, and four sector tooth segments with different central angles alternately arranged on the inner wall of the transmission gear cylinder. The vulcanizing swirl cylinder drives the vulcanization chamber to revolve, allowing the material to pass through the heating zone and the shearing zone sequentially. When the transmission gear cylinder rotates, its sector tooth segments alternately engage or disengage with the reciprocating gears. In conjunction with the energy storage and release of the rotary torsion spring, it drives the reciprocating shaft and the shearing shaft connected to it to achieve alternating forward rotation and reverse reset. Adjacent shearing shafts mesh with each other through linkage gears to achieve reverse rotation. Synchronous rotation applies alternating forward and reverse shear forces to the rubber compound in the vulcanization chamber. Simultaneously, the different center angles of the four sector segments allow the reciprocating shaft to obtain multiple different reciprocating rotation angles in one working cycle. This, in turn, causes the spiral blades to apply a gradient shearing action to the rubber compound, simulating a progressive shearing effect similar to thin-pass extrusion. This interconnected structure overcomes the deficiency of unidirectional screw extrusion in creating a uniform alternating stress field within the rubber compound, reduces the problem of local over-shearing or under-shearing, and helps improve the consistency of performance indicators such as tensile strength and elongation at break of reclaimed rubber.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the variable-diameter semi-conical column in the reciprocating drive assembly undergoes frictional transmission with the drive slide plate. Combined with the linear transmission module, the position of the variable-diameter semi-conical column can be adjusted axially, continuously changing the contact diameter with the drive slide plate. This allows for stepless adjustment of the stroke of the reciprocating pressure frame. Furthermore, by combining this with the staged changes in the drive motor speed, the shearing amplitude and frequency can be dynamically adjusted according to different stages of the desulfurization process, enhancing the adaptability of process parameters. At the same time, this device centrally arranges multi-functional units such as the feed cylinder, return cylinder, crushing chamber, and vulcanizing swirl cylinder in the middle cylinder and its surroundings, forming a compact vertical integrated structure. This eliminates the need for multiple independent modules connected in series along the horizontal direction, which helps reduce the overall footprint and length specifications of the equipment and lowers the space requirements for the production line layout. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a desulfurization and plasticizing device for preparing reclaimed rubber from waste rubber according to the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating press frame and feeding bin of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spinning frame and return cylinder of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating gear and the linkage gear of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the transmission gear cylinder of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating pressure frame and adjusting slide of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the variable-diameter semi-conical column of the present invention.

[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Frame; 2. Middle cylinder; 3. Vulcanizing swirl cylinder; 4. Reciprocating pressure frame; 5. Transmission gear cylinder; 6. Drive motor; 101. Microcontroller; 102. Belt shaft; 201. Heating block; 202. Return cylinder; 203. Feed cylinder; 204. Screw conveyor module; 205. Return opening; 206. Return branch pipe; 207. Crushing chamber; 208. Crushing assembly; 209. Discharge slot; 210. Feed hopper; 211. Discharge valve pipe 301. Vulcanizing chamber; 401. Spinning frame; 402. Shearing shaft; 403. Spiral blade; 404. Linkage gear; 405. Reciprocating shaft; 406. Rotary torsion spring; 407. Reciprocating gear; 408. Drive slide plate; 409. Linear transmission module; 410. Adjusting slide; 411. Variable diameter semi-conical column; 412. Return spring; 413. Hexagonal shaft; 414. T-shaped preload rod; 415. Preload spring; 501. Sector gear section. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention provides the following preferred embodiments. like Figure 1-9 As shown, a desulfurization and plasticizing device for preparing reclaimed rubber from waste rubber includes a frame 1, on which a middle cylinder 2 is fixedly installed. Two electric heating blocks 201 are integrated inside the middle cylinder 2. The device also includes: The return cylinder 202 and the feed cylinder 203 are both fixedly installed on the middle cylinder 2. The feed cylinder 203 is connected to the feed hopper 210. One end of the feed cylinder 203 is fixedly connected to the discharge valve pipe 211. The return cylinder 202 is located directly above the feed cylinder 203. Both the return cylinder 202 and the feed cylinder 203 are equipped with screw conveyor modules 204. Specifically, the screw conveyor module 204 includes a conveyor motor, a conveyor shaft is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the conveyor motor, and a screw auger is fixedly installed on the conveyor shaft. The axes of the return cylinder and the feed cylinder 203 are both parallel to the axis of the middle cylinder 2. The top of the middle cylinder 2 is provided with a return opening 205 that communicates with the middle cylinder 2, and a return branch pipe 206 is connected between the return cylinder 202 and the feed cylinder 203. During normal operation, waste rubber granules fed into the feed hopper 210 enter the feed cylinder 203. The screw conveyor module 204 inside the feed cylinder 203 conveys the material away from the discharge valve pipe 211, so that it enters the crushing chamber 207 below. Meanwhile, the material that is not completely desulfurized and plasticized in the vulcanizing cyclone 3 enters the return cylinder 202 through the top return opening 205. The spiral conveyor module 204 in the return cylinder 202 transports the material to the return branch pipe 206, and then flows back to the front end of the feed cylinder 203. After mixing with the new feed, it re-enters the crushing chamber 207 and the vulcanizing chamber 301 for recycling. After vulcanization is complete, simply switch the direction of the feed cylinder 203 conveyor motor so that the screw conveyor module 204 conveys the material towards the discharge valve pipe 211, and the qualified recycled rubber product can be discharged. The middle cylinder 2 has a crushing chamber 207 located directly below the corresponding return cylinder 202. The bottom of the feed cylinder 203 is connected to the crushing chamber 207. The crushing chamber 207 is equipped with a crushing component 208. The bottom of the middle cylinder 2 has a discharge slot 209 connected to the crushing chamber 207. The crushing assembly 208 includes two crushing motors fixedly mounted on the middle cylinder 2. The output shafts of the two crushing motors are fixedly mounted with crushing shafts. Each crushing shaft is equipped with an array of crushing blades. The axis of the crushing shaft is parallel to the axis of the middle cylinder 2. The material falling from the feed cylinder 203 into the crushing chamber 207 is driven by two counter-rotating crushing shafts. Through the array of staggered crushing blades, it generates a compound crushing action of shearing, impact, and grinding, breaking the agglomerated rubber material into fine particles with uniform particle size. Then, it continuously and evenly falls into the rotating vulcanizing chamber 301 below through the feed bar 209 at the bottom of the middle cylinder 2. The vulcanizing swirl cylinder 3 is rotatably mounted on the middle cylinder 2. The vulcanizing swirl cylinder 3 has an array of vulcanizing chambers 301 inside. The vulcanizing chambers 301 have a concave arc-shaped structure and an opening on the side of the vulcanizing chambers 301 facing the middle cylinder 2. A reciprocating press frame 4 is slidably mounted on the frame 1. A spinning frame 401 is rotatably connected to the reciprocating press frame 4. A shearing shaft 402 is rotatably mounted on the spinning frame 401 at the position corresponding to each vulcanizing chamber 301. The center of the concave arc surface is on the axis of the shearing shaft 402. A spiral blade 403 is fixedly mounted on the shearing shaft 402 at the position corresponding to each vulcanizing chamber 301. A linkage gear 404 is fixedly mounted on each shearing shaft 402. The linkage gears 404 on adjacent shearing shafts 402 mesh with each other. By setting the meshing state of the above-mentioned multiple linkage gears 404, the rotation directions of the spiral blades 403 on adjacent shear shafts 402 are opposite. The axial length of the spiral blade 403 is less than the axial length of the vulcanizing chamber 301, and the difference between the two lengths is not less than the maximum stroke of the reciprocating pressure frame 4, so as to ensure that the spiral blade 403 is always inside the vulcanizing chamber 301 during the reciprocating motion, and that there is space for material to turn over at both ends. The reciprocating pressure frame 4 is used to drive all shear shafts 402 and their spiral blades 403 to reciprocate synchronously along the axial direction in the vulcanization chamber 301, so as to realize the periodic axial pushing and releasing of the rubber material. Two sealing rings are fixedly installed on each shearing shaft 402, and the sealing rings are sealed and fitted with the vulcanizing swirl cylinder 3. The reciprocating direction of the spinning frame 401 is parallel to the axis of the shearing shaft 402; A reciprocating shaft 405 is rotatably mounted on a vulcanizing drum 3, and a rotary torsion spring 406 is provided at the rotatable connection between the two. The reciprocating shaft 405 is connected to a shearing shaft 402 for transmission, and a reciprocating gear 407 is fixedly mounted on the reciprocating shaft 405. Specifically, a synchronous shaft groove is provided on a shearing shaft 402, and the cross-sections of the synchronous shaft groove and the reciprocating shaft 405 are both regular hexagonal; The transmission gear cylinder 5 is rotatably sleeved on the vulcanizing cylinder 3. The inner wall of the transmission gear cylinder 5 is alternately provided with four toothless arc surfaces and four sector tooth segments 501. The four sector tooth segments 501 correspond to different center angles. The four sector tooth segments 501 are alternately meshed with the reciprocating gear 407. By setting different center angles for the four sector segments 501, the reciprocating shaft 405 can obtain four different reciprocating rotation angles. In a preferred embodiment, the center angles of the four sector segments 501 are set in a gradient increasing manner. The drive motor 6 drives the vulcanizing drum 3 and the transmission gear cylinder 5 to rotate synchronously via a synchronous belt. When the vulcanizing chamber 301 rotates to below the feed bar opening 209, it receives the crushed material. The electric heating block 201 in the middle cylinder 2 heats and desulfurizes the material. At the same time, the sector tooth section 501 on the inner wall of the transmission gear cylinder 5 meshes with the reciprocating gear 407, driving the reciprocating shaft 405 to rotate in the forward direction. Through the regular hexagonal synchronous shaft groove, it drives one of the shearing shafts 402 to rotate. The adjacent shearing shafts 402 achieve reverse synchronous rotation through the meshing linkage gear 404, so that the spiral blade 403 generates shearing force on the material in the vulcanization chamber 301. When the sector section 501 disengages from the reciprocating gear 407, the rotary torsion spring 406 releases energy to drive the reciprocating shaft 405 to reverse and reset, so that the shearing shaft 402 and the spiral blade 403 reverse synchronously, realizing alternating forward and reverse shearing. Since the four sector segments 501 correspond to different center angles, the reciprocating shaft 405 can automatically obtain four different reciprocating rotation angles, thereby enabling the spiral blade 403 to generate gradient shear amplitude.

[0021] Compared with traditional static vulcanization or unidirectional shearing, the above structure effectively improves the uniformity of heating and stress on the material, shortens the desulfurization time, and increases the tensile strength and elongation at break of the reclaimed rubber. The reciprocating drive assembly is configured to steplessly adjust the reciprocating stroke of the reciprocating press 4. Specifically, the reciprocating press 4 has different reciprocating strokes at different stages of vulcanization, and the drive motor 6 has different speeds. The drive motor 6 is configured to drive the reciprocating drive assembly and drive the transmission gear cylinder 5 and the vulcanizing swivel cylinder 3 to rotate.

[0022] The reciprocating drive assembly includes a drive slide plate 408 and a linear transmission module 409 fixedly mounted on the frame 1. An adjusting slide 410 is connected to the linear transmission module 409 and is slidably connected to the frame 1. A variable diameter semi-conical column 411 is rotatably connected to the adjusting slide plate 410 and is connected to the drive motor 6. A return spring 412 is installed between the reciprocating pressure frame 4 and the frame 1. Two elastic preloads are installed between the drive slide plate 408 and the reciprocating pressure frame 4. The drive slide plate 408 and the variable diameter semi-conical column 411 are driven by friction.

[0023] Both elastic pretensioning components include a T-shaped pretensioning rod 414 fixedly installed on the drive slide plate 408. The T-shaped pretensioning rod 414 is slidably connected to the reciprocating pressure frame 4. A pretensioning spring 415 is sleeved on the T-shaped pretensioning rod 414 at the position between the reciprocating pressure frame 4 and the drive slide plate 408. The axis of the T-shaped pretensioning rod 414 is perpendicular to the axis of the hexagonal shaft 413. A hexagonal shaft 413 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The output shaft end of the drive motor 6 is fixedly connected to the hexagonal shaft 413. A hexagonal sliding hole is opened at the axial position of the variable diameter semi-conical column 411, which is slidably connected to the hexagonal shaft 413. The cross-sections of the hexagonal sliding hole and the hexagonal shaft 413 are both regular hexagons.

[0024] The variable-diameter semi-conical column 411 is provided with a transmission cone surface, the central angle of which is 180°. Both the transmission cone surface and the drive slide plate 408 are provided with friction transmission patterns. The cross-section of the transmission cone surface is an isosceles trapezoid. The length of the variable-diameter semi-conical column 411 is 7 to 10 times the width of the drive slide plate 408, preferably 9 times.

[0025] It also includes a belt shaft 102 rotatably mounted on the frame 1. Both the belt shaft 102 and the hexagonal shaft 413 are fixedly mounted with linkage bevel gears. The two linkage bevel gears mesh orthogonally. Two synchronous belts are connected to the belt shaft 102 for transmission. The two synchronous belts are respectively connected to the vulcanizing drum 3 and the transmission gear cylinder 5 for transmission.

[0026] The drive motor 6 drives the hexagonal shaft 413 to rotate. The hexagonal shaft 413 drives the variable diameter semi-conical column 411 to rotate synchronously through the regular hexagonal sliding hole. The 180° transmission cone surface of the variable diameter semi-conical column 411 is frictionally transmitted with the drive slide plate 408. Each rotation can drive the reciprocating pressure frame 4 to complete one reciprocating motion. When the reciprocating stroke needs to be adjusted, the linear transmission module 409 drives the adjusting slide 410 to move axially along the hexagonal shaft 413, changing the contact diameter between the variable diameter semi-conical column 411 and the drive slide plate 408, thereby achieving continuous stepless adjustment from 0 to the maximum stroke. The elastic preload component ensures that the transmission cone surface and the drive slide plate 408 are always in close contact through the preload spring 415, automatically compensating for friction and wear. The return spring 412 drives the reciprocating pressure frame 4 to return smoothly when the non-transmission arc surface is in contact. Meanwhile, the hexagonal shaft 413 drives the belt shaft 102 to rotate through the orthogonally meshing linkage bevel gear. The belt shaft 102 drives the vulcanizing drum 3 and the transmission gear cylinder 5 to rotate synchronously through two synchronous belts, ensuring precise matching of the timing of each process of feeding, shearing and vulcanizing.

[0027] The specific steps for using this invention are as follows: Before starting the equipment, the process parameters corresponding to the three vulcanization stages are set using the microcontroller 101: In the first stage (initial heating and activation), the drive motor 6 rotates at 1500 rpm, the reciprocating pressure frame 4 has a stroke of 20 mm, and the temperature of the two heating blocks 201 inside the middle cylinder 2 is 180℃. In the second stage (mid-section main desulfurization and plasticization), the drive motor 6 rotates at 1200 rpm, the reciprocating pressure frame 4 has a stroke of 15 mm, and the temperature of the heating block 201 rises to 200℃. In the third stage (final refining and homogenization), the drive motor 6 rotates at 800 rpm, the reciprocating press 4 has a stroke of 8 mm, and the temperature of the heating block 201 is controlled at 190℃. After completing the parameter settings, start the two screw conveyor modules 204, the crushing motor and the drive motor 6; During the working phase, waste rubber granules are fed into the feeding cylinder 203 from the feeding hopper 210. The spiral conveying module 204 inside the feeding cylinder 203 conveys the material away from the discharge valve pipe 211, causing the material to fall into the crushing chamber 207. The two crushing motors inside the crushing chamber 207 drive the crushing shaft and crushing blades to rotate in opposite directions, shearing, impacting and grinding the agglomerated rubber to form uniform fine particles. Subsequently, the particles fall continuously through the discharge bar 209 at the bottom of the middle cylinder 2 into the vulcanizing cylinder 3, which is directly opposite the discharge bar 209 in the vulcanizing chamber 301. The drive motor 6 drives the variable diameter semi-conical column 411 to rotate through the hexagonal shaft 413, and at the same time drives the belt shaft 102 and two synchronous belts through the linkage bevel gear, driving the vulcanizing drum 3 and the transmission gear cylinder 5 to revolve synchronously. The revolution of the vulcanizing vortex 3 causes each vulcanizing chamber 301 to receive materials sequentially through the feed bar 209, and heats the materials when passing through the area of ​​the electric heating block 201 in the middle cylinder 2; Meanwhile, the toothless arc surfaces alternately arranged on the inner wall of the transmission gear cylinder 5 and the sector tooth segments 501 with four center angles increasing in gradient engage with the reciprocating gear 407 in sequence. When the sector tooth segments 501 are engaged, the reciprocating shaft 405 rotates in the forward direction and drives a shearing shaft 402 to rotate. Through the linkage gear 404, the adjacent shearing shafts 402 rotate in opposite directions synchronously. The spiral blades 403 on the shearing shaft 402 apply a positive shearing force to the rubber in the vulcanizing chamber 301. When the sector tooth segments 501 disengage, the rotary torsion spring 406 drives the reciprocating shaft 405 to reset in the reverse direction, realizing alternating forward and reverse shearing. Since the center angles of the four sector segments 501 are different, the reciprocating shaft 405 obtains four gradually increasing reciprocating rotation angles in a cycle, thereby obtaining four gradually increasing shearing amplitudes. During this process, the linear transmission module 409 of the reciprocating drive assembly drives the adjusting slide 410 to move axially along the hexagonal shaft 413 according to the preset vulcanization stage, changing the contact diameter between the variable diameter semi-conical column 411 and the drive slide plate 408, thereby steplessly adjusting the stroke of the reciprocating pressure frame 4. At the same time, the speed of the drive motor 6 changes in stages, so that the forward and reverse rotation frequency of the shear shaft 402 is adjusted synchronously; The revolution of the vulcanizing cylinder 3 and the rotation of the shear shaft 402 form a compound motion, and the spiral blade 403 generates a differential sliding shear effect on the rubber: the revolution causes the material to continuously change the force position in the vulcanizing chamber 301, while the alternating forward and reverse spiral blade 403 generates an alternating shear stress field inside the material, so that the rubber molecular chains achieve uniform desulfurization and plasticization under the combined action of heat, oxygen and shear. When the incompletely desulfurized material rotates with the vulcanizing cyclone 3 to the top return opening 205, it is sent back to the front end of the feed cylinder 203 by the spiral conveying module 204 in the return cylinder 202 through the return branch pipe 206. After being mixed with the new material, it re-enters the crushing chamber 207 and the vulcanizing chamber 301 for recycling. After all vulcanization stages are completed, the microcontroller 101 controls the conveyor motor of the feed cylinder 203 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the screw conveyor module 204 conveys the recycled rubber product to the discharge valve pipe 211 and discharges it through the discharge valve pipe 211. Throughout the process, the elastic pre-tightening component ensures that the transmission cone surface and the drive slide plate 408 are always in close contact through the pre-tightening spring 415, and the sealing ring prevents material leakage, thereby realizing continuous, efficient and precisely controllable desulfurization and plasticization production of waste rubber.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A desulfurization and plasticizing device for preparing reclaimed rubber from waste rubber, comprising a frame (1) on which a middle cylinder (2) is fixedly installed, and two electric heating blocks (201) are integratedly installed inside the middle cylinder (2), characterized in that, Also includes: The return cylinder (202) and the feed cylinder (203) are both fixedly installed on the middle cylinder (2). The return cylinder (202) and the feed cylinder (203) are both equipped with screw conveyor modules (204). The top of the middle cylinder (2) is provided with a return opening (205) that communicates with the middle cylinder (2). The return cylinder (202) and the feed cylinder (203) are connected by a return branch pipe (206). The middle cylinder (2) is provided with a crushing chamber (207) located directly below the corresponding return cylinder (202). The bottom of the feed cylinder (203) is connected to the crushing chamber (207). The crushing chamber (207) is provided with a crushing component (208). The bottom of the middle cylinder (2) is provided with a discharge bar opening (209) that communicates with the crushing chamber (207). A vulcanizing swirl cylinder (3) is rotatably mounted on a middle cylinder (2), and vulcanizing chambers (301) are arranged inside the vulcanizing swirl cylinder (3). A reciprocating press frame (4) is slidably mounted on a frame (1). A spinning frame (401) is rotatably connected to the reciprocating press frame (4). A shearing shaft (402) is rotatably mounted on the spinning frame (401) at a position corresponding to each vulcanizing chamber (301). A spiral blade (403) is fixedly mounted on the shearing shaft (402) at a position corresponding to each vulcanizing chamber (301). A linkage gear (404) is fixedly mounted on each shearing shaft (402). The linkage gears (404) on adjacent shearing shafts (402) mesh with each other. A reciprocating shaft (405) is rotatably mounted on a vulcanizing drum (3), and a rotary torsion spring (406) is provided at the rotatable connection between the two. The reciprocating shaft (405) is connected to a shearing shaft (402) for transmission, and a reciprocating gear (407) is fixedly mounted on the reciprocating shaft (405). The reciprocating drive assembly is configured to steplessly adjust the reciprocating stroke of the reciprocating pressure frame (4); The transmission gear cylinder (5) is rotatably mounted on the vulcanizing cylinder (3). The inner wall of the transmission gear cylinder (5) is alternately provided with four toothless arc surfaces and four sector tooth segments (501). The four sector tooth segments (501) have different center angles, and the four sector tooth segments (501) are alternately meshed with the reciprocating gear (407). The drive motor (6) is configured to drive the reciprocating drive assembly and drive the transmission gear cylinder (5) and the vulcanizing swivel cylinder (3) to rotate.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized by, The return cylinder (202) is located directly above the feed cylinder (203). The feed cylinder (203) is connected to the feed hopper (210). One end of the feed cylinder (203) is fixedly connected to the discharge valve pipe (211). A microcontroller (101) is fixedly installed on the frame (1).

3. The device for preparing reclaimed rubber by devulcanization and plasticization of waste rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reciprocating drive assembly includes a drive slide plate (408) and a linear transmission module (409) fixedly mounted on the frame (1). An adjusting slide (410) is connected to the linear transmission module (409). The adjusting slide (410) is slidably connected to the frame (1). A variable diameter semi-conical column (411) is rotatably connected to the adjusting slide (410). The variable diameter semi-conical column (411) is connected to the drive motor (6). A return spring (412) is installed between the reciprocating pressure frame (4) and the frame (1). Two elastic preloads are installed between the drive slide plate (408) and the reciprocating pressure frame (4). The drive slide plate (408) and the variable diameter semi-conical column (411) are driven by friction.

4. The device for preparing reclaimed rubber by devulcanization and plasticization of waste rubber according to claim 3, characterized in that, A hexagonal shaft (413) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1). The output shaft end of the drive motor (6) is fixedly connected to the hexagonal shaft (413). A hexagonal sliding hole is provided at the axial position of the variable diameter semi-conical column (411) and is slidably connected to the hexagonal shaft (413). The cross-sections of the hexagonal sliding hole and the hexagonal shaft (413) are both regular hexagons.

5. The device for preparing reclaimed rubber by devulcanization and plasticization of waste rubber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The variable-diameter semi-conical column (411) is provided with a transmission cone surface, the central angle of the transmission cone surface is 180°, the transmission cone surface and the drive slide plate (408) are both provided with friction transmission texture, the cross-section of the transmission cone surface is an isosceles trapezoid, and the length of the variable-diameter semi-conical column (411) is 7 to 10 times the width of the drive slide plate (408).

6. The device for preparing reclaimed rubber by devulcanization and plasticization of waste rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a belt shaft (102) rotatably mounted on the frame (1). Both the belt shaft (102) and the hexagonal shaft (413) are fixedly mounted with linkage bevel gears. The two linkage bevel gears mesh orthogonally. Two synchronous belts are connected to the belt shaft (102) for transmission. The two synchronous belts are respectively connected to the vulcanizing swirl drum (3) and the transmission gear cylinder (5).

7. The device for preparing reclaimed rubber by devulcanization and plasticization of waste rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that, A synchronous shaft groove is provided on one of the shearing shafts (402). The cross-section of the synchronous shaft groove and the reciprocating shaft (405) is a regular hexagon. Two sealing rings are fixedly installed on each shearing shaft (402). The sealing rings are sealed and fitted to the vulcanizing swirl cylinder (3).

8. The device for preparing reclaimed rubber by devulcanization and plasticization of waste rubber according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both of the elastic pretensioners include a T-shaped pretensioner (414) fixedly mounted on the drive slide plate (408). The T-shaped pretensioner (414) is slidably connected to the reciprocating pressure frame (4). A pretensioner spring (415) is sleeved on the T-shaped pretensioner (414) at the position between the reciprocating pressure frame (4) and the drive slide plate (408). The axis of the T-shaped pretensioner (414) is perpendicular to the axis of the hexagonal shaft (413).

9. The device for preparing reclaimed rubber by devulcanization and plasticization of waste rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing assembly (208) includes two crushing motors fixedly installed on the middle cylinder (2). The output shafts of the two crushing motors are fixedly installed with crushing shafts, and each crushing shaft is equipped with an array of crushing blades.

10. The device for preparing reclaimed rubber by devulcanization and plasticization of waste rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vulcanizing chamber (301) has a concave arc surface structure, and the center of the concave arc surface is on the axis of the shear shaft (402). The vulcanizing chamber (301) has an opening on the side facing the middle cylinder (2).

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