Water coal slurry pressurized gasifier and gasifier burner chamber thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a pressurized coal-water slurry gasifier and its gasifier burner chamber, relating to the field of coal chemical technology. The gasifier burner chamber includes a burner chamber, and the side wall of the burner chamber comprises, from the inside out, a fire-facing brick layer, a backing brick layer, and a heat-insulating brick layer. The side wall of the burner chamber is provided with a burner flange for installing process burners, and the nozzle end of the process burner is flush with the inner surface of the fire-facing brick layer. By extending the length of the process burner, making the nozzle end of the process burner flush with the inner surface of the fire-facing brick layer, the problem of ash erosion is reduced, and the service life of the process burner is extended.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal chemical technology, and more specifically, to a gasifier burner chamber. Furthermore, this invention also provides a water-coal slurry pressurized gasifier including the aforementioned burner chamber. Background Technology

[0002] Process burners are the core components of pressurized coal-water slurry gasifiers. The operating status of the process burners directly determines the continuous operating cycle and overall output efficiency of the gasifier. Frequent replacement of process burners can lead to production interruptions and significant economic losses.

[0003] Please refer to Figure 1 The process burner is horizontally installed inside the burner flange on the side wall of the burner chamber. The impact and diffusion of the coal-water slurry in the combustion chamber cause ash to accumulate at the nozzle end of the process burner, forming a slag film. As the ash moves away from the furnace of the combustion chamber, the viscosity of the ash increases sharply due to the decrease in temperature and the fluidity decreases. Some of the molten ash flows to the nozzle end of the process burner and into the mixing channel. The high-speed oxygen flow in the central oxygen channel atomizes the molten ash flowing into the mixing channel, which not only seriously interferes with the atomization effect of the coal-water slurry, but also causes high-temperature gas backflow, affecting the atomization effect and gasification efficiency of the process burner, and causing serious wear and erosion on the outer wall of the outer epoxy channel, and may even burn out the outer epoxy channel in extreme cases.

[0004] In addition, high-temperature working environments and acidic liquid corrosion caused by airflow condensation can affect the lifespan of process burners.

[0005] In conclusion, improving the lifespan of process burners is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a gasifier burner chamber that, by extending the length of the process burner, makes the nozzle end of the process burner flush with the inner surface of the fire-facing brick layer, thereby reducing the problem of ash erosion and extending the service life of the process burner.

[0007] In addition, the present invention also provides a water-coal slurry pressurized gasifier including the above-mentioned gasifier burner chamber.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A gasifier burner chamber includes a burner chamber, the side wall of which includes a fire-facing brick layer, a backing brick layer and a heat-insulating brick layer from the inside to the outside. The side wall of the burner chamber is provided with a burner flange for installing a process burner, and the nozzle end of the process burner is flush with the inner surface of the fire-facing brick layer.

[0010] Preferably, the burner flange opening is provided with an anti-roll-up brick on the side relatively close to the fire-facing brick layer, and the inner diameter of the anti-roll-up brick gradually increases from the inside to the outside along the axial direction of the burner flange opening.

[0011] Preferably, a gap is provided between the inner surface of the anti-roll-up brick and the nozzle end of the process burner, and the size of the gap is 4-15mm.

[0012] Preferably, the taper of the inner conical surface of the anti-roll-up brick is the same as the taper of the outer conical surface of the nozzle of the process burner, so that the gap between the inner surface of the anti-roll-up brick and the nozzle end of the process burner is always the same.

[0013] Preferably, the gap between the inner surface of the anti-roll-up brick and the nozzle end of the process burner is the same as the gap between the inner surface of the burner flange and the nozzle end of the process burner.

[0014] Preferably, the anti-roll-up brick and the fire-facing brick layer are integrally cast into a single structure.

[0015] Preferably, the burner flange opening has a gradually expanding section at one end near the burner chamber, and the diameter of the gradually expanding section gradually increases from the outside to the inside.

[0016] Preferably, the anti-roll-up brick is arranged around the burner flange.

[0017] Preferably, the anti-roll-up bricks are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the burner flange opening.

[0018] A pressurized coal-water slurry gasifier includes the gasifier burner chamber described in any of the above claims.

[0019] The gasifier burner chamber provided by this invention has a process burner nozzle end flush with the fire-facing brick layer on the inner side wall, which extends the length of the process burner and significantly shortens the flow channel length of the nozzle end relative to the front end of the burner chamber. This suppresses the entrainment of molten ash and acidic liquids, reduces ash erosion and acid corrosion problems of the process burner, and extends the service life of the process burner. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the burner chamber in the prior art.

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the gasifier burner chamber provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0024] Figures 1-3 middle:

[0025] 1-Burn chamber; 11-Fire-facing brick layer; 12-Backing brick layer; 13-Insulating brick layer; 14-Burn flange; 2-Process burner; 3-Anti-roll-up brick. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The core of this invention is to provide a gasifier burner chamber. By extending the length of the process burner, the nozzle end of the process burner is flush with the inner surface of the fire-facing brick layer, which reduces the problem of ash erosion and extends the service life of the process burner.

[0028] In addition, the present invention also provides a water-coal slurry pressurized gasifier including the above-mentioned gasifier burner chamber.

[0029] The gasifier burner chamber provided by the present invention includes a burner chamber 1. The side wall of the burner chamber 1 includes a fire-facing brick layer 11, a backing brick layer 12 and a heat-insulating brick layer 13 from the inside to the outside. The side wall of the burner chamber 1 is provided with a burner flange 14 for installing a process burner. The nozzle end of the process burner 2 is flush with the inner surface of the fire-facing brick layer 11.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 2 The nozzle end face of the process burner 2 is flush with the inner surface of the fire-facing brick layer 11, compared to... Figure 1 The process burner 2 shown extends inward within the burner flange 14, significantly reducing the flow channel space at the front end of the burner flange 14 relative to the inside of the burner chamber 1. This makes the atomization section and injection section of the process burner 2 relatively far away from the backflow vortex zone of the burner flange 14. The main jet hinders the adhesion and scouring of backflow ash and slag at the nozzle end of the process burner 2, reducing the degree of ash and slag erosion and extending the service life of the process burner 2.

[0031] Meanwhile, by extending the process burner 2, the nozzle end of the process burner 2 is closer to the center of the burner chamber 1, the main jet can cover the combustion chamber cross section more evenly, and the kinetic energy of the main jet is stronger, which is conducive to suppressing the formation of local low-pressure backflow zone and suppressing high-temperature gas backflow, thereby reducing the erosion and wear problems of the process burner 2 and helping to extend the service life of the process burner 2.

[0032] Considering the significant temperature gradient inside burner chamber 1, and the nozzle end of process burner 2 being closer to the center of burner chamber 1, it is necessary to improve the high-temperature resistance of process burner 2. For example, the thickness of high-temperature resistant coatings such as ceramic coatings can be increased within the critical thickness range, or the type of high-temperature resistant coating can be changed to adapt to the needs of higher temperature environments.

[0033] In this embodiment, the nozzle end of the process burner 2 is flush with the fire-facing brick layer 11 on the inner side wall, which extends the length of the process burner 2 and significantly shortens the flow channel length of the nozzle end of the process burner 2 relative to the front end of the burner chamber 1. This suppresses the entrainment of molten ash and acidic liquids, thereby reducing the problems of ash erosion and acid corrosion of the process burner and extending the service life of the process burner 2.

[0034] Preferably, the burner flange 14 can be provided with a gradually expanding section at one end near the inner cavity of the burner chamber 1. The diameter of the gradually expanding section gradually increases from the outside to the inside, so as to reduce the flow channel area along the flow direction of the ash and slag gas flow, reduce the speed of the ash and slag gas flow, increase the apparent viscosity of the ash and slag gas flow, and inhibit the flow of the ash and slag gas flow from the inside to the outside, thereby reducing the problems of ash and slag erosion of the process burner 2 and further extending the service life of the process burner 2.

[0035] Based on the above embodiments, considering that the nozzle section of the process burner 2 has a conical structure, an anti-roll-up brick 3 can be provided on the side of the burner flange 14 that is relatively close to the fire-facing brick layer 11. The inner diameter of the anti-roll-up brick 3 gradually increases from the inside to the outside along the axial direction of the burner flange 14.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 2 The anti-roll-up brick 3 is located between the conical outer circumferential surface of the nozzle section of the process burner 2 and the inner circumferential surface of the burner flange 14. The anti-roll-up brick 3 can disrupt the laminar flow state of the ash and slag airflow, form local turbulence, and reduce the kinetic energy and temperature of the ash and slag airflow.

[0037] The number of anti-roll-up bricks 3 is preferably set to two or more. By using the anti-roll-up bricks 3 to separate the flow channel and reduce the effective flow area of ​​the flow channel, the flow velocity of the ash and slag gas flow is effectively reduced and the apparent viscosity of the ash and slag gas flow is increased, thereby further suppressing and weakening the ash and slag erosion problem.

[0038] The distribution of the anti-roll-up bricks 3 needs to be determined based on the flow channel diameter and flow channel area of ​​the burner flange 14 in actual production, so as to avoid insufficient turbulence effect due to excessive spacing of the anti-roll-up bricks 3.

[0039] The anti-roll-up bricks 3 can be arranged around the burner flange opening 14, or they can be evenly arranged along the circumference of the burner flange opening 14, so that the anti-roll-up bricks 3 are evenly spaced at all positions of the burner flange opening 14; preferably, the anti-roll-up bricks 3 are arranged at the top and bottom of the burner flange opening 14, and the anti-roll-up bricks 3 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the horizontal plane of the burner flange opening 14, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it can not only meet the turbulence requirements and effectively suppress the ash erosion problem of the process burner 2, but also ensure the normal operation of the burner chamber 1.

[0040] The material of the anti-roll-up brick 3 can be determined with reference to the material of the fire-facing brick layer 11 in actual production to ensure the high temperature resistance of the anti-roll-up brick 3. The anti-roll-up brick 3 can be connected to the inner circumferential surface of the burner flange 14 in the fire-facing brick layer 11 by masonry, or it can be connected to the inner circumferential surface of the burner flange 14 by splicing with pre-embedded connectors. Alternatively, the anti-roll-up brick 3 and the fire-facing brick layer 11 can be set as an integral structure cast in one piece.

[0041] To facilitate the assembly of the process burner 2, preferably, a gap of 4-15mm is provided between the inner surface of the anti-roll-up brick 3 and the nozzle end of the process burner 2, so as to reduce the problem of ash erosion of the process burner 2.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 2 The gap between the inner surface of the anti-roll-up brick 3 and the nozzle end of the process burner 2 is the same as the gap between the inner surface of the burner flange 14 and the nozzle end of the process burner 2; or the gap between the inner surface of the anti-roll-up brick 3 and the nozzle end of the process burner 2 is slightly smaller than the gap between the inner surface of the burner flange 14 and the nozzle end of the process burner 2.

[0043] In this embodiment, the anti-roll-up brick 3 can disrupt the laminar flow state of the ash and slag airflow, form local turbulence, reduce the kinetic energy and temperature of the ash and slag airflow, thereby reducing the degree of ash and slag erosion of the process burner 2 by the molten ash and slag, and improving the service life of the process burner 2.

[0044] To facilitate the installation of the process burner 2, preferably, the taper of the inner conical surface of the anti-roll-up brick 3 can be set to be the same as the taper of the outer conical surface of the nozzle of the process burner 2, so that the gap between the inner surface of the anti-roll-up brick 3 and the nozzle end of the process burner 2 is always the same, thus avoiding accidental collision between the process burner 2 and the anti-roll-up brick 3 during installation, which could cause damage to the process burner 2 or even cause the anti-roll-up brick 3 to fall off.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments, in order to further extend the service life of the process burner 2, a slag-blocking ring can be provided between the inner surface of the burner flange 14 and the outer peripheral surface of the process burner 2, with the slag-facing surface of the slag-blocking ring inclined relative to the outer surface of the process burner 2.

[0046] The slag-blocking ring is located between the burner flange 14 and the process burner 2. The slag-blocking ring is sleeved on the outside of the large end of the nozzle section of the process burner 2. When the ash and slag gas flow comes into contact with the slag-facing surface of the slag-blocking ring, the molten ash and slag are blocked and fall to the conical outer circumference of the nozzle section of the process burner 2. Then, under the action of gravity, it moves from the outside to the inside along the conical outer circumference of the nozzle section and falls back into the burner chamber 1.

[0047] To prevent a large amount of molten ash from accumulating at the large end of the nozzle section, the slag-receiving surface of the slag-blocking ring is inclined inward so that the molten ash can slowly fall along the slag-receiving surface to the outer periphery of the process burner 2 under its own weight.

[0048] The slag-facing angle α relative to the outer peripheral surface of the process burner 2 needs to be determined based on the composition and flow rate of the molten ash in actual production. The higher the ash content and flow rate of the ash gas flow, the larger the slag-facing angle. Usually, the slag-facing angle α of the slag-facing surface is ≤45°, so as to avoid the ash gas flow from impacting the slag-facing surface and rebounding to the outer wall surface of the process burner 2, which would aggravate ash accumulation.

[0049] In this embodiment, by setting a slag-blocking ring, the backflow of ash and slag can be effectively intercepted, and the atomization effect of the main jet of the process burner 2 can be ensured.

[0050] Since the slag-blocking surface of the slag-blocking ring is in direct contact with the molten ash in the ash flow, in order to improve the high-temperature resistance and service life of the slag-blocking ring, the slag-blocking surface of the slag-blocking ring is provided with a high-temperature resistant anti-adhesion coating, such as ceramic coating, metal-ceramic coating, composite functional coating, etc., which has good high-temperature resistance and impact resistance, and avoids molten ash from adhering to the slag-blocking surface.

[0051] To further reduce the temperature of the slag-blocking surface and improve the lifespan of the slag-blocking ring, it is preferable to install a cooling component inside the slag-blocking ring. The cooling component is used to remove heat from the slag-blocking surface and reduce its temperature, so as to ensure the long-term stable operation of the slag-blocking ring and avoid high-temperature failure of the slag-blocking ring.

[0052] The cooling component can be set as an air-cooled cooling component. The slag-blocking ring has a cooling air passage inside that is connected to the external cooler. The cooling gas of the external cooler enters the cooling air passage from the air inlet, and the hot gas after absorbing heat enters the external cooler from the air outlet.

[0053] The cooling component can also be set as a water-cooled cooling component, with a water-cooled circuit inside the slag-blocking ring, and the water-cooled circuit is connected to the cooling component of the process burner 2.

[0054] In addition to the gasifier burner chamber described above, the present invention also provides a coal-water slurry pressurized gasifier that includes the gasifier burner chamber disclosed in the above embodiments. For the structure of other parts of the coal-water slurry pressurized gasifier, please refer to the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

[0055] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0056] The pressurized coal-water slurry gasifier and its gasifier burner chamber provided by the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasifier burner chamber, characterized in that, The device includes a burner chamber (1), the side wall of which includes a fire-facing brick layer (11), a backing brick layer (12) and an insulating brick layer (13) from the inside out. The side wall of the burner chamber (1) is provided with a burner flange (14) for installing a process burner (2). The nozzle end of the process burner (2) is flush with the inner surface of the fire-facing brick layer (11).

2. The gasifier burner chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The burner flange (14) is provided with an anti-roll-up brick (3) on the side relatively close to the fire-facing brick layer (11), and the inner diameter of the anti-roll-up brick (3) gradually increases from the inside to the outside along the axial direction of the burner flange (14).

3. The gasifier burner chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that, A gap is provided between the inner surface of the anti-roll-up brick (3) and the nozzle end of the process burner (2), and the size of the gap is 4-15mm.

4. The gasifier burner chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The taper of the inner conical surface of the anti-roll-up brick (3) is the same as the taper of the outer conical surface of the nozzle of the process burner (2), so that the gap between the inner surface of the anti-roll-up brick (3) and the nozzle end of the process burner (2) is always the same.

5. The gasifier burner chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gap between the inner surface of the anti-roll-up brick (3) and the nozzle end of the process burner (2) is the same as the gap between the inner surface of the burner flange (14) and the nozzle end of the process burner (2).

6. The gasifier burner chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anti-roll-in brick (3) and the fire-facing brick layer (11) are integral structures cast together.

7. The gasifier burner chamber according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The burner flange (14) has a gradually expanding section at one end near the inner cavity of the burner chamber (1), and the diameter of the gradually expanding section gradually increases from the outside to the inside.

8. The gasifier burner chamber according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The anti-roll-up brick (3) is arranged around the burner flange (14).

9. The gasifier burner chamber according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The anti-roll-up bricks (3) are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the burner flange (14).

10. A pressurized coal-water slurry gasification furnace, characterized in that, Includes the gasifier burner chamber as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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