Low temperature resistant lubricating oil based on high molecular polymer and method for preparing the same

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of lubricant technology, and discloses a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer and its preparation method. The lubricant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of polyalphaolefin synthetic oil, 15-25 parts of modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer, 2-6 parts of viscosity index improver, 0.5-1.5 parts of anti-wear agent, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, and 0.1-0.5 parts of rust inhibitor. The lubricating oil incorporates a modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer, which maintains a compliant conformation at low temperatures and does not significantly increase internal fluid resistance due to chain segment stiffness, thereby improving the matrix's good fluidity at low temperatures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricant technology, specifically to a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Lubricating oils, especially synthetic lubricating oils represented by polyalphaolefins (PAO), have been widely used in a wide temperature range due to their excellent thermal oxidation stability, high viscosity index, and low volatility. However, as equipment technology expands into extreme environments (such as high-altitude and aerospace applications), more stringent requirements are being placed on the fluidity and starting performance of lubricants under low-temperature conditions. Although PAO base oils themselves have good low-temperature performance, in deep cryogenic environments, they lose fluidity due to wax crystal precipitation and a sharp increase in viscosity, leading to excessively high starting torque or even failure to start the equipment normally. To improve their low-temperature performance, existing technologies typically require the formulation of pour point depressants and viscosity index improvers.

[0003] However, traditional polymer additives such as ethylene-propylene copolymer (OCP) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMA) have limitations in improving low-temperature performance: OCP has limited low-temperature pour point depressing effect and negatively impacts shear stability; while PMA has good pour point depressing effect, its thermal stability and shear resistance are often unsatisfactory. Therefore, researchers need to develop a lubricant that combines excellent overall performance with low-temperature resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer and its preparation method.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of polyalphaolefin synthetic oil, 15-25 parts of modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer, 2-6 parts of viscosity index improver, 0.5-1.5 parts of anti-wear agent, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, and 0.1-0.5 parts of rust inhibitor.

[0007] The anti-wear agent is one of chlorinated paraffin, extreme pressure anti-wear agent with brand name L353 or sulfide isobutylene, the antioxidant is one of antioxidant HBT or antioxidant 168, the rust inhibitor is one of dodecenyl succinic acid or barium petroleum sulfonate, and the viscosity index improver is ethylene bis-stearamide.

[0008] The modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer is prepared by the following steps:

[0009] Step A1: Mix methyl vinyl dimethoxysilane, mercaptoethanol and benzoin dimethyl ether evenly, irradiate under 100W, 365nm ultraviolet light for 15min, then transfer to n-hexane to precipitate, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain silane monomer.

[0010] Further, in step A1, the ratio of methyl vinyl dimethoxysilane, mercaptoethanol, benzoin dimethyl ether, and n-hexane is 0.1 mol: 0.1-0.102 mol: 0.04-0.05 g: 200 mL;

[0011] Step A2: Add silane monomer, ethanol and deionized water to a flask, stir for 30 min under nitrogen and ice-water bath, then add dimethylchlorosilane, maintain stirring in ice-water bath for 3 h, then add 98 wt% concentrated sulfuric acid and stir for 15 min, separate the organosilicon layer, wash with water until neutral, wash 3 times with saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution, add anhydrous sodium sulfate and store overnight, filter to obtain hydroxyl-modified organosilicon;

[0012] Further, in step A2, the ratio of the amount of silane monomer, ethanol, deionized water, dimethylchlorosilane, concentrated sulfuric acid, saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution and anhydrous sodium sulfate is 0.1mol:50-80mL:25-35mL:0.2-0.24mol:0.8-1.2mL:200mL:10-20g;

[0013] Step A3: Add hydroxyl-modified organosilicon to 1,4-dioxane and heat to 50°C. Under nitrogen conditions, add dimethyl phosphate, reflux and stir for 10 hours, then rotary evaporate and dry to obtain phosphate ester-organosilicon.

[0014] Furthermore, in step A3, the ratio of hydroxyl-modified organosilicon, 1,4-dioxane, and dimethyl phosphate is 0.01 mol: 50 mL: 0.01 mol.

[0015] Step A4: Add phosphate ester-organosilicon to isopropanol and mix well. Then add 0.35 mg / L isopropanol chloroplatinic acid solution and heat to 80°C. Then add ethylene glycol diallyl ether and reflux and stir for 3.5-4.5 h. Distill under reduced pressure to obtain terminal double bond phosphate ester-organosilicon.

[0016] Furthermore, in step A4, the molar ratio of phosphate ester-organosilicon and ethylene glycol diallyl ether is 1:2;

[0017] Further, in step A4, the amount of isopropanol chloroplatinic acid solution used is 2.5 wt% of the total mass of phosphate ester-organosilicon and ethylene glycol diallyl ether;

[0018] Step A5: Mix terminal double bond phosphate ester-organosilicon and toluene, heat to 60°C, add 1-tetradecene, then add benzoyl peroxide in three portions, one every 2 hours, and then react at a constant temperature of 100°C under nitrogen for 6 hours. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer.

[0019] Furthermore, in step A5, the ratio of terminal double bond phosphate ester-organosilicon, toluene, 1-tetradecene and benzoyl peroxide is 5-7g:100mL:25-35g:1.5-1.9g.

[0020] A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer includes the following steps:

[0021] Weigh the raw materials according to the weight parts, add the polyα-olefin synthetic oil, modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer, viscosity index improver, anti-wear agent, antioxidant and rust inhibitor into the stirrer, mix and stir evenly at 50-60℃ and 0.4-0.6MPa to obtain the low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on polymer.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] The lubricating oil prepared by this invention is based on a high molecular weight polymer polyα-olefin synthetic oil, with the addition of modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer, viscosity index improver, anti-wear agent, antioxidant and rust inhibitor. The modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer introduced into the lubricating oil can maintain a compliant conformation at low temperature and will not significantly increase the internal resistance of the fluid due to stiff chain segments, thereby improving the good fluidity of the matrix at low temperature.

[0024] The modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer introduced into the lubricating oil of this invention is a binary copolymer formed by copolymerizing phosphate ester-organosilicon containing a double bond structure and 1-tetradecene. This copolymer exhibits good compatibility in the matrix and can significantly improve the lubrication effect of the matrix at low temperatures. This is due to the synergistic effect of the -Si-O-Si- segments, ether bonds, and phosphate ester structure contained in the grafted phosphate ester-organosilicon, which maintain excellent lubrication performance at low temperatures. Specifically, the Si-O bonds in the -Si-O-Si- segments have relatively long bond lengths and large bond angles, giving the Si-O-Si segments extremely high internal rotational freedom and molecular chain flexibility. At low temperatures, as the oil viscosity increases, molecular chain movement is restricted, but due to its inherent flexibility... The flexibility of the ether bond (COC) allows it to maintain a certain degree of mobility, preventing the entire fluid system from becoming too "rigid" and thus significantly improving low-temperature performance. The ether bond (COC) also has good internal rotation capability, and its glass transition temperature is much lower than that of the methylene chain (-CH2-), further enhancing the flexibility of the molecular chain at low temperatures. In addition, the side-linked phosphate ester structure has a strong adsorption capacity for metal surfaces, forming a strong protective film on the friction pair surface. At the same time, since wax crystals tend to precipitate and grow on solid surfaces (such as container walls and metal parts) at low temperatures, the phosphate ester groups preferentially adsorb on these surfaces, forming a "molecular coating". This can effectively inhibit the adhesion and growth of wax crystals on key surfaces, thereby delaying the solidification process. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1: The modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer was prepared by the following steps:

[0027] Step A1: Mix 0.1 mol methyl vinyl dimethoxysilane, 0.1 mol mercaptoethanol and 0.04 g benzoin dimethyl ether and stir well. Then irradiate under 100W, 365nm ultraviolet light for 15 min. Then transfer to 200 mL n-hexane to precipitate, rotary evaporate and dry to obtain silane monomer.

[0028] Step A2: Add 0.1 mol of silane monomer, 50 mL of ethanol and 25 mL of deionized water to a flask, stir for 30 min under nitrogen and ice-water bath, then add 0.2 mol of dimethylchlorosilane, maintain stirring in ice-water bath for 3 h, then add 0.8 mL of 98 wt% concentrated sulfuric acid and stir for 15 min. Collect the organosilicon layer by separation, wash with water until neutral, then wash three times with 200 mL of saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution, then add 10 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate and store overnight. Filter to obtain hydroxyl-modified organosilicon.

[0029] Step A3: Add 0.01 mol of hydroxyl-modified organosilicon to 50 mL of 1,4-dioxane and heat to 50 °C. Under nitrogen atmosphere, add 0.01 mol of dimethyl phosphate, reflux and stir for 10 h, then rotary evaporate and dry to obtain phosphate-organosilicon.

[0030] Step A4: Add 0.1 mol of phosphate ester-organosilicon to 50 mL of isopropanol and mix thoroughly. Add 0.35 mg / L isopropanol chloroplatinate solution and heat to 80 °C. Then add 0.2 mol of diallyl ethylene glycol and reflux with stirring for 3.5 h. Distill under reduced pressure to obtain terminal double-bond phosphate ester-organosilicon. The amount of isopropanol chloroplatinate solution used is 2.5 wt% of the total mass of phosphate ester-organosilicon and diallyl ethylene glycol.

[0031] Step A5: Mix 5g of terminal double bond phosphate ester-organosilicon with 100mL of toluene and heat to 60℃. Then add 25g of 1-tetradecene and 1.5g of benzoyl peroxide in three portions, one every 2 hours. Then react at a constant temperature of 100℃ under nitrogen for 6 hours. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer.

[0032] Example 2: The modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer was prepared by the following steps:

[0033] Step A1: Mix 0.1 mol methyl vinyl dimethoxysilane, 0.101 mol mercaptoethanol and 0.045 g benzoin dimethyl ether and stir evenly. Irradiate under 100 W, 365 nm ultraviolet light for 15 min. Then transfer to 200 mL n-hexane to precipitate, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain silane monomer.

[0034] Step A2: Add 0.1 mol of silane monomer, 70 mL of ethanol and 30 mL of deionized water to a flask, stir for 30 min under nitrogen and ice-water bath, then add 0.22 mol of dimethylchlorosilane, maintain stirring in ice-water bath for 3 h, then add 1 mL of 98 wt% concentrated sulfuric acid and stir for 15 min. Collect the organosilicon layer by separation, wash with water until neutral, then wash three times with 200 mL of saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution, then add 15 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate and store overnight. Filter to obtain hydroxyl-modified organosilicon.

[0035] Step A3: Add 0.01 mol of hydroxyl-modified organosilicon to 50 mL of 1,4-dioxane and heat to 50 °C. Under nitrogen atmosphere, add 0.01 mol of dimethyl phosphate, reflux and stir for 10 h, then rotary evaporate and dry to obtain phosphate ester-organosilicon.

[0036] Step A4: Add 0.1 mol of phosphate ester-organosilicon to 50 mL of isopropanol and mix thoroughly. Add 0.35 mg / L isopropanol chloroplatinate solution and heat to 80 °C. Then add 0.2 mol of diallyl ethylene glycol and reflux with stirring for 4 h. Distill under reduced pressure to obtain terminal double-bond phosphate ester-organosilicon. The amount of isopropanol chloroplatinate solution used is 2.5 wt% of the total mass of phosphate ester-organosilicon and diallyl ethylene glycol.

[0037] Step A5: Mix 6g of terminal double bond phosphate ester-organosilicon with 100mL of toluene and heat to 60℃. Then add 30g of 1-tetradecene and 1.7g of benzoyl peroxide in three portions, one every 2 hours. Then react at a constant temperature of 100℃ under nitrogen for 6 hours. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer.

[0038] Example 3: The modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer was prepared by the following steps:

[0039] Step A1: Mix 0.1 mol methyl vinyl dimethoxysilane, 0.102 mol mercaptoethanol and 0.05 g benzoin dimethyl ether and stir evenly. Then irradiate under 100 W, 365 nm ultraviolet light for 15 min. Then transfer to 200 mL n-hexane to precipitate, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain silane monomer.

[0040] Step A2: Add 0.1 mol of silane monomer, 80 mL of ethanol and 35 mL of deionized water to a flask, stir for 30 min under nitrogen and ice-water bath, then add 0.24 mol of dimethylchlorosilane, maintain stirring in ice-water bath for 3 h, then add 1.2 mL of 98 wt% concentrated sulfuric acid and stir for 15 min. Collect the organosilicon layer by separation, wash with water until neutral, then wash three times with 200 mL of saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution, then add 20 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate and store overnight. Filter to obtain hydroxyl-modified organosilicon.

[0041] Step A3: Add 0.01 mol of hydroxyl-modified organosilicon to 50 mL of 1,4-dioxane and heat to 50 °C. Under nitrogen atmosphere, add 0.01 mol of dimethyl phosphate, reflux and stir for 10 h, then rotary evaporate and dry to obtain phosphate ester-organosilicon.

[0042] Step A4: Add 0.1 mol of phosphate ester-organosilicon to 50 mL of isopropanol and mix thoroughly. Add 0.35 mg / L isopropanol chloroplatinate solution and heat to 80 °C. Then add 0.2 mol of diallyl ethylene glycol and reflux with stirring for 4.5 h. Distill under reduced pressure to obtain terminal double-bond phosphate ester-organosilicon. The amount of isopropanol chloroplatinate solution used is 2.5 wt% of the total mass of phosphate ester-organosilicon and diallyl ethylene glycol.

[0043] Step A5: Mix 7g of terminal double bond phosphate ester-organosilicon with 100mL of toluene and heat to 60℃. Then add 35g of 1-tetradecene and 1.9g of benzoyl peroxide in three portions, one every 2 hours. Then react at a constant temperature of 100℃ under nitrogen for 6 hours. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer.

[0044] Example 4: A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer includes the following steps:

[0045] 60 parts of polyalphaolefin synthetic oil (purchased from Guangzhou Nengrun Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd., model PAO40 synthetic base oil, pour point -47℃), 15 parts of the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer prepared in Example 1, 2 parts of ethylene bis-stearamide, 0.5 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 1 part of antioxidant HBT, and 0.1 parts of dodecenyl succinic acid.

[0046] Weigh the raw materials according to the weight parts, add the poly-α-olefin synthetic oil, the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer prepared in Example 1, ethylene bis-stearamide, chlorinated paraffin, antioxidant HBT and dodecenyl succinic acid into a stirrer, and mix and stir evenly at 50-60℃ and 0.4-0.6MPa to obtain a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on polymer.

[0047] Example 5: A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer includes the following steps:

[0048] 70 parts of polyalphaolefin synthetic oil (purchased from Guangzhou Nengrun Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd., model PAO40 synthetic base oil, pour point -47℃), 20 parts of modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer prepared in Example 2, 4 parts of ethylene bis-stearamide, 1 part of extreme pressure anti-wear agent L353 (BASF), 1.5 parts of antioxidant 168, and 0.3 parts of barium petroleum sulfonate;

[0049] Weigh the raw materials according to the weight parts, add the poly-α-olefin synthetic oil, the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer prepared in Example 2, ethylene bis-stearamide, extreme pressure anti-wear agent L353 (BASF), antioxidant 168 and barium petroleum sulfonate into a stirrer, and mix and stir evenly at 50-60°C and 0.4-0.6 MPa to obtain a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on polymer.

[0050] Example 6: A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer includes the following steps:

[0051] 80 parts of polyalphaolefin synthetic oil (purchased from Guangzhou Nengrun Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd., model PAO40 synthetic base oil, pour point -47℃), 25 parts of modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer prepared in Example 3, 6 parts of ethylene bis-stearamide, 1.5 parts of sulfurized isobutylene, 2 parts of antioxidant HBT, and 0.5 parts of dodecenyl succinic acid.

[0052] Weigh the raw materials according to the weight parts, add the poly-α-olefin synthetic oil, the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer prepared in Example 3, ethylene bis-stearamide, sulfurized isobutylene, antioxidant HBT and dodecenyl succinic acid into a stirrer, and mix and stir evenly at 50-60℃ and 0.4-0.6MPa to obtain a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on polymer.

[0053] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example is a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer. The difference between this example and Example 6 is that an equal amount of poly-α-olefin synthetic oil is used instead of the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer prepared in Example 3. All other aspects are the same.

[0054] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example is a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer. The difference between this example and Example 6 is that an olefin binary copolymer is used instead of the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer prepared in Example 3. All other aspects are the same.

[0055] The above-mentioned olefin binary copolymer was prepared by the following steps: 7g of ethylene and 100mL of toluene were mixed and heated to 60°C, then 35g of 1-tetradecene was added, and then 1.9g of benzoyl peroxide was added in three portions, one every 2 hours. The mixture was then reacted under nitrogen at 100°C for 6 hours. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain the olefin binary copolymer.

[0056] Comparative Example 3: This comparative example is a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer. The difference between this example and Example 6 is that the terminal double bond phosphate ester-organosilicon prepared in Example 3 is used instead of the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer prepared in Example 3. All other aspects are the same.

[0057] The performance of the low-temperature resistant lubricating oils based on polymers prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested:

[0058] Pour point (°C): Tested according to GB / T 3535-2006 "Determination of Pour Point of Petroleum Products";

[0059] Low-temperature dynamic viscosity (-25℃, mPa·s): Tested according to GB / T 6538-2022 "Determination of low-temperature dynamic viscosity of engine oil - cold start simulator method";

[0060] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0061] Table 1: Performance Test Results

[0062]

[0063] As can be seen from Table 1, the lubricating oil prepared by this invention has a pour point in the range of -56℃ to -53℃ and a low-temperature dynamic viscosity in the range of 2596mPa·s to 2734mPa·s, indicating that the lubricant has excellent low-temperature resistance and can be widely used in low-temperature environments.

[0064] The above content is merely an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the scope defined by the inventive concept, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a high molecular polymer, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 60-80 parts of polyalphaolefin synthetic oil, 15-25 parts of modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer, 2-6 parts of viscosity index improver, 0.5-1.5 parts of anti-wear agent, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, and 0.1-0.5 parts of rust inhibitor; The anti-wear agent is one of chlorinated paraffin, extreme pressure anti-wear agent with brand name L353 or sulfide isobutylene, the antioxidant is one of antioxidant HBT or antioxidant 168, the rust inhibitor is one of dodecenyl succinic acid or barium petroleum sulfonate, and the viscosity index improver is ethylene bis-stearamide. The modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer is obtained by copolymerizing terminal double-bond phosphate ester-organosilicon and 1-tetradecene. The terminal double-bond phosphate ester-organosilicon is obtained by hydrosilylation of phosphate ester-organosilicon and ethylene glycol diallyl ether. The phosphate ester-organosilicon is obtained by reacting hydroxyl-modified organosilicon and dimethyl phosphate. The hydroxyl-modified organosilicon is obtained by reacting silane monomer and dimethylchlorosilane. The silane monomer is obtained by reacting methyl vinyl dimethoxysilane and mercaptoethanol.

2. The low temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a high molecular polymer according to claim 1, characterized by, The modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer is prepared by the following steps: Step A1: Mix methyl vinyl dimethoxysilane, mercaptoethanol and benzoin dimethyl ether evenly, irradiate under 100W, 365nm ultraviolet light for 15min, then transfer to n-hexane to precipitate, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain silane monomer. Step A2: Add silane monomer, ethanol and deionized water to a flask, stir for 30 min under nitrogen and ice-water bath, then add dimethylchlorosilane, maintain stirring in ice-water bath for 3 h, then add 98 wt% concentrated sulfuric acid and stir for 15 min, separate the organosilicon layer, wash with water until neutral, wash 3 times with saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution, add anhydrous sodium sulfate and store overnight, filter to obtain hydroxyl-modified organosilicon; Step A3: Add hydroxyl-modified organosilicon to 1,4-dioxane and heat to 50°C. Under nitrogen conditions, add dimethyl phosphate, reflux and stir for 10 hours, then rotary evaporate and dry to obtain phosphate ester-organosilicon. Step A4: Add phosphate ester-organosilicon to isopropanol and mix well. Then add 0.35 mg / L isopropanol chloroplatinic acid solution and heat to 80°C. Then add ethylene glycol diallyl ether and reflux and stir for 3.5-4.5 h. Distill under reduced pressure to obtain terminal double bond phosphate ester-organosilicon. Step A5: Mix terminal double bond phosphate ester-organosilicon and toluene, heat to 60°C, add 1-tetradecene, then add benzoyl peroxide in three portions, one every 2 hours, and then react at a constant temperature of 100°C under nitrogen for 6 hours. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain the modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer.

3. The low temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a high molecular polymer according to claim 2, characterized by, In step A1, the ratio of methyl vinyl dimethoxysilane, mercaptoethanol, benzoin dimethyl ether, and n-hexane is 0.1 mol: 0.1-0.102 mol: 0.04-0.05 g: 200 mL.

4. The low temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a high molecular polymer according to claim 2, characterized by, In step A2, the ratio of the amounts of silane monomer, ethanol, deionized water, dimethylchlorosilane, concentrated sulfuric acid, saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution, and anhydrous sodium sulfate is 0.1 mol: 50-80 mL: 25-35 mL: 0.2-0.24 mol: 0.8-1.2 mL: 200 mL: 10-20 g.

5. A low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step A3, the ratio of hydroxyl-modified organosilicon, 1,4-dioxane, and dimethyl phosphate is 0.01 mol: 50 mL: 0.01 mol.

6. The low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step A4, the molar ratio of phosphate ester-organosilicon and ethylene glycol diallyl ether is 1:2, and the amount of chloroplatinic acid isopropanol solution used is 2.5 wt% of the total mass of phosphate ester-organosilicon and ethylene glycol diallyl ether.

7. A low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step A5, the ratio of terminal double bond phosphate ester, organosilicon, toluene, 1-tetradecene, and benzoyl peroxide is 5-7g:100mL:25-35g:1.5-1.9g.

8. A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on a polymer as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight parts, add the polyα-olefin synthetic oil, modified organosilicon-olefin copolymer, viscosity index improver, anti-wear agent, antioxidant and rust inhibitor into the stirrer, mix and stir evenly at 50-60℃ and 0.4-0.6MPa to obtain the low-temperature resistant lubricating oil based on polymer.

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