Bridge anti-collision pier single-side operation formwork system and construction method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a single-sided formwork system and its construction method for bridge anti-collision piers, comprising: an inner formwork; an outer formwork, the lower end of which is bent inward to form a drip edge formwork; a bottom formwork, vertically slidably connected to the outer facade of the drip edge formwork; an inner frame, vertically set on the back side of the inner formwork; an outer frame, vertically set on the back side of the outer formwork; and a hoisting top frame, horizontally set on the upper end of the inner frame, with the upper end of the outer frame rotatably connected to the hoisting frame, and a hydraulic cylinder rotatably connected between the upper ends of the inner and outer frames. This invention, through the integrated formwork system, enables the formwork system to automatically close and release the bottom area of ​​the bridge, while also adjusting the opening and closing angles of the inner and outer formwork. This allows the formwork system to flexibly adapt to pouring and demolding states, achieving mechanized operation of the formwork system, avoiding the tedious manual assembly and disassembly procedures, reducing the risks of high-altitude operations, and ensuring positional accuracy during construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge engineering, and in particular to a single-sided formwork system for bridge anti-collision piers and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge crash barriers are safety facilities installed on both sides of a bridge to isolate or prevent collisions. They not only serve as safety barriers and warnings, but also absorb and reduce the impact force when vehicles collide, effectively buffering the impact and thus protecting the lives of people in the vehicle and pedestrians.

[0003] The current construction process for concrete bridge crash barriers requires first manually erecting casting formwork on both sides of the bridge, and then using tie rods and outer support members to tie and support the inner and outer formwork. Then, the concrete is poured and vibrated to complete the construction of the bridge crash barrier.

[0004] The technical problems existing in the prior art are: First, the traditional manual formwork process is complex and requires the construction of scaffolding or suspended platforms on both sides of the bridge, which is prone to falls from heights and poses a high construction risk. Secondly, traditional manual formwork construction is costly due to its high labor costs. The formwork process involves multiple steps such as template handling, positioning, and reinforcement, resulting in low construction efficiency. Third, traditional manual formwork has large deviations in construction accuracy, requiring later repairs and affecting construction quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a single-sided formwork system for bridge anti-collision piers. The technical problem to be solved is that traditional manual formwork has problems such as complex procedures, low construction efficiency and large deviations in construction accuracy.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a single-sided formwork system for bridge anti-collision piers and its construction method, comprising: The inner formwork is vertically installed on the upper surface of the bridge; The outer formwork is vertically installed on the outer side of the bridge facade. The lower end of the outer formwork gradually bends inward to a horizontal position, forming a drip edge formwork that is flush with the bridge facade. Both ends of the inner formwork and the outer formwork are covered with side sealing plates. The side sealing plates are connected to the inner formwork by locking bolts. The end of the outer formwork is provided with angle steel hooks that hook onto the outer side of the side sealing plates after the formwork is closed. The bottom template is vertically slidably connected to the outer surface of the drip edge template, and its upper end is pressed against the lower end face of the bridge; An inner frame is vertically installed on the back side of the inner template, and support frames fixed to the bridge are spaced apart on the back side of the inner frame. An outer frame is vertically installed on the back side of the outer template. A slide is vertically slidably connected to the lower end of the outer frame. The slide is connected to the back side of the bottom template. A hydraulic cylinder is provided on the outer frame to control the vertical sliding of the slide. A hoisting frame is horizontally positioned at the upper end of the inner frame. The upper end of the outer frame is rotatably connected to the hoisting frame, and a hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected between the upper ends of the inner frame and the outer frame.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that the lower corner of the drip edge template is sloping and the upper corner of the bottom template is rounded.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that: the inner wall of the drip edge template is provided with a rubber pad, and the upper end face of the bottom template is provided with a rubber strip.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that: a limiting rod is provided laterally on the back side of the bottom template, the limiting rod being used to abut against the lower end face of the outer frame.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that: the support frame includes a crossbar and a diagonal brace; the crossbar is horizontally disposed on the lower side wall of the inner frame and fixed to the bridge by fasteners; the upper end of the diagonal brace is connected to the upper end of the inner frame, and the lower end is connected to the tail of the crossbar.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention may be further configured such that: the fastener includes a positioning bolt, a lug plate, and a fastening bolt; the positioning bolt is fixed to the bridge and vertically penetrates the front end of the crossbar; the lug plate is horizontally disposed on both sides of the tail end of the crossbar; and the fastening bolt is fixed to the bridge and vertically penetrates the lug plate.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that: the crossbar is rotatably connected to the inner frame and is used to fit the upper end face of the bridge; the diagonal brace includes a threaded tube and a pair of threaded rods; the pair of threaded rods are rotatably connected to the two ends of the threaded tube in opposite directions; and the pair of threaded rods are rotatably connected to the upper end of the inner frame and the tail end of the crossbar, respectively.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that: a support rod is provided laterally on the side of each of the two adjacent crossbars that are close to each other, and a water tank is provided on the support rod.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that: both ends of the inner template and the outer template are provided with flanges turned outward, and a locking pin passes through between two adjacent flanges.

[0015] Another objective of this invention is to provide a construction method for a single-sided formwork system for bridge anti-collision piers. The technical problem to be solved is that traditional manual formwork has problems such as complex procedures, low construction efficiency, and large deviations in construction accuracy.

[0016] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a construction method for a single-sided formwork system for bridge anti-collision piers, comprising the following steps: S1. Based on the straight or curved shape of the bridge anti-collision pier, select a matching number of template units for ground pre-assembly to avoid high-altitude assembly operations and reduce construction risks. S2, Place the inner and outer templates flat in sequence, align the flanges at adjacent ends, and insert the locking pins through the holes on the aligned flanges to complete the assembly of the inner and outer templates; S3 adopts a fixed-point vertical hoisting method to hoist the integrated template system to the bridge anti-collision pier construction site and slowly lower it. The front end of the crossbar on the back side of the inner frame is aligned with the pre-set positioning bolts on the bridge deck, so that the positioning bolts penetrate vertically through the through hole at the front end of the crossbar. At the same time, the pre-set fastening bolts on the bridge deck penetrate through the ear plates on both sides of the tail of the crossbar to complete the initial anchoring. S4. Based on the actual slope and flatness of the bridge deck, rotate the threaded tube on the diagonal brace to drive the opposite threaded rods at both ends to extend and retract synchronously, finely adjust the effective length of the diagonal brace, and drive the crossbar to rotate around the pivot point of the inner frame until the lower surface of the crossbar is completely in contact with the upper surface of the bridge without any gaps. Tighten the nuts on the positioning bolts and fastening bolts in sequence to achieve double fixation of the front and rear ends of the crossbar, so that the crossbar, diagonal brace and inner frame form a stable triangular force system to withstand the lateral pressure of concrete and the self-weight of the equipment. S5, start the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder slowly extends the piston rod, pushing the outer frame to rotate inward around the hoisting top frame, driving the outer formwork to move inward and complete the formwork closing action. The closing process is uniform and slow. The alignment of the formwork is observed in real time until the outer formwork and inner formwork form the standard anti-collision pier casting outline. At the same time, the angle steel hook at the end of the outer formwork automatically hooks the outside of the side sealing plate, locking the position of the side sealing plate to prevent lateral formwork running and grout leakage. S6, start the hydraulic cylinder on the outer frame, drive the slide to slide vertically upward along the outer frame, and drive the bottom template to rise synchronously until the upper end of the bottom template is tightly pressed against the lower end face of the bridge; S7 adopts a layered continuous casting method, with the layer thickness controlled at 300-500mm. The material is poured at a uniform speed to avoid concentrated material accumulation that could cause template misalignment and bulging. Then, an immersion vibrator is used to vibrate the material in layers to ensure compaction. S8. After the concrete strength reaches the demolding specification requirements, the hydraulic cylinder is started in reverse to drive the slide to lower the bottom formwork at a uniform speed, separating it from the lower end face of the bridge and the concrete forming surface, thus completing the bottom demolding. Then, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is retracted in reverse to pull the outer frame to rotate outward around the hoisting top frame, causing the outer formwork to slowly open outward and separate from the outer surface of the concrete. Finally, the side sealing plate locking bolts are removed, the side sealing plates are separated, and the fasteners on the support frame are released. The entire formwork system is then hoisted to the next construction position using hoisting equipment. The assembly, mold closing, and pouring processes are repeated to achieve modular turnover construction.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up an integrated template system, the template system can be moved by hoisting. Drip edge templates are set at the lower end of the outer template. At the same time, with the cooperation of the vertically sliding bottom template, the closure and release of the bottom area of ​​the bridge is automatically completed. Then, the hydraulic cylinder pushes the outer frame to rotate around the hoisting top frame, adjusting the opening and closing angle of the inner and outer templates. This allows the template system to flexibly adapt to the pouring and demolding states, realizing the mechanized operation of the template system, avoiding the tedious process of manual disassembly and assembly, reducing the risk of high-altitude operations, and ensuring the positional accuracy during construction. 2. By setting up a support frame consisting of crossbars and diagonal braces, a stable triangular force system is formed. The double fixing combination of positioning bolts and fastening bolts is used to achieve precise positioning of the front end of the crossbar and strong anchoring of the tail end. At the same time, with the adjustable length of the diagonal braces, the entire support frame can adapt to the unevenness or slope changes of the upper surface of the bridge, ensuring a good fit between the support frame and the bridge deck, improving the adaptability of the formwork system to complex bridge types, and ensuring construction accuracy and support stability. 3. By setting water tanks on the support frame, the overall counterweight of the formwork system is increased, improving wind and disturbance resistance and solving the problem of insufficient construction stability. The water tanks can also be used to achieve timely spray curing of concrete, solving the problem of inconvenient curing water supply. At the same time, the water tanks can be stepped on by construction personnel, providing convenient operating steps for pouring and vibration operations, solving the problem of inconvenience for workers, and realizing multi-functional integration. 4. By setting segmented inner and outer templates, a modular rapid assembly structure is formed, and the appropriate quantity can be selected according to the needs, which facilitates the construction of bridge anti-collision piers for straight and curved sections. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the construction status of Example 1; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship in Example 1; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the outer template and outer frame of Embodiment 1; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the inner template and inner frame of Example 1; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the support frame in Embodiment 1; Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support frame in Example 1.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Inner template; 11. Wear-resistant layer; 12. Flange; 2. Outer template; 21. Side sealing plate; 22. Angle steel hook; 3. Bottom template; 31. Limiting rod; 32. Rubber strip; 4. Inner frame; 41. Hydraulic cylinder; 5. Outer frame; 51. Slide frame; 52. Oil cylinder; 6. Lifting top frame; 7. Drip edge template; 71. Rubber pad; 8. Support frame; 81. Crossbar; 82. Diagonal brace; 83. Threaded pipe; 84. Threaded rod; 85. Support rod; 86. Water tank; 9. Fastener; 91. Positioning bolt; 92. Ear plate; 93. Fastening bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example 1:

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a single-sided formwork system for bridge anti-collision piers and its construction method include an inner formwork 1, an outer formwork 2, a bottom formwork 3, an inner frame 4, an outer frame 5, and a hoisting top frame 6.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the inner formwork 1 is vertically set on the upper surface of the bridge to form the inner outline of the crash barrier. The outer formwork 2 is vertically set on the outer side of the bridge facade to form the outer outline of the crash barrier. The outer formwork 2 and the inner formwork 1 work together to enclose the concrete pouring space.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, both ends of the inner template 1 and the outer template 2 are covered with side sealing plates 21. The side sealing plates 21 are connected to the inner template 1 by locking bolts. The end of the outer template 2 is provided with angle steel hooks 22 that hook the outer side of the side sealing plates 21 after the mold is closed.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the inner walls of both the inner formwork 1 and the outer formwork 2 are provided with a smooth wear-resistant layer 11. The wear-resistant layer 11 can be a sprayed polytetrafluoroethylene coating, a pasted ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene board, or an electroplated hard chrome layer, etc., to reduce the frictional resistance and adhesion between the concrete and the formwork, so as to achieve smooth demolding, protect the formwork substrate, and extend the service life of the formwork.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, the lower end of the outer template 2 gradually bends inward to a horizontal position, and this bent part forms the drip edge template 7, which is flush with the outer facade of the bridge.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the bottom formwork 3 is vertically slidably connected to the outer surface of the drip edge formwork 7, and its upper end is pressed against the lower end of the bridge. The drip edge formwork 7 and the bottom formwork 3 work together to seal the pouring area at the bottom of the crash barrier, prevent grout leakage, and ensure the forming accuracy of the drip edge structure.

[0027] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the inner frame 4 is vertically installed on the back side of the inner formwork 1 to support the inner formwork 1 and provide an installation interface. The back side of the inner frame 4 is provided with support frames 8 fixed to the bridge at intervals to fix the entire formwork system to the bridge and bear the lateral pressure and self-weight load generated during concrete pouring.

[0028] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the outer frame 5 is vertically installed on the back side of the outer template 2 to support the outer template 2 and provide an installation interface. The lower end of the outer frame 5 is vertically slidably connected to a slide 51, which is connected to the back side of the bottom template 3. The outer frame 5 is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 52 to control the vertical sliding of the slide 51 and to control the opening and closing of the bottom template 3.

[0029] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a limiting rod 31 is provided laterally on the back side of the bottom template 3. The limiting rod 31 is used to abut against the lower end face of the outer frame 5 to limit the maximum displacement stroke of the bottom template 3 in the vertical direction, improve the operational safety of the template system, and prevent mechanical interference.

[0030] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the hoisting top frame 6 is horizontally positioned above the inner frame 4, and its length can cover the connection width between the inner frame 4 and the outer frame 5. The upper end of the outer frame 5 is rotatably connected to the hoisting frame, forming the opening and closing structure of the entire template system. Furthermore, a hydraulic cylinder 41 is rotatably connected between the upper ends of the inner frame 4 and the outer frame 5 to realize the opening and closing control of the template system.

[0031] During the construction of bridge anti-collision piers, the entire formwork system is first hoisted to the designated location on the bridge using hoisting equipment, and the inner frame 4 is fixed to the bridge using support frame 8. Then, the side sealing plate 21 is removed and hoisted to the end of the inner formwork 1, and locking bolts are used to connect the side sealing plate 21 to the inner formwork 1. Next, the hydraulic cylinder 41 is activated, pushing the outer frame 5 to rotate around the hoisting top frame 6, causing the outer formwork 2 to rotate inward, thus achieving the mold-closing operation between the inner formwork 1 and the outer formwork 2. Simultaneously, the angle steel hook 22 hooks onto the outer side of the side sealing plate 21, securing the side sealing plate 21.

[0032] Next, the hydraulic cylinder 52 is started. The hydraulic cylinder 52 drives the slide 51 to slide upward along the outer frame 5, which in turn drives the bottom template 3 to rise until its upper end is in close contact with the lower end of the bridge. At this time, the inner template 1, the outer template 2, the drip edge template 7 and the bottom template 3 together form a sealed casting cavity.

[0033] Finally, concrete is poured and vibrated. After the concrete reaches its strength, the hydraulic cylinder 52 is reversed to lower the bottom formwork 3 for demolding, and then the hydraulic cylinder 41 is reversed to open the outer formwork 2 for demolding. Finally, the support frame 8 is released from its fixation, and the entire formwork system is moved or hoisted to the next work station for reuse using hoisting equipment.

[0034] By setting up an integrated template system, the template system can be moved by hoisting. A drip edge template 7 is set at the lower end of the outer template 2. At the same time, with the cooperation of the vertically sliding bottom template 3, the closure and release of the bottom area of ​​the bridge are automatically completed. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 41 pushes the outer frame 5 to rotate around the hoisting top frame 6, adjusting the opening and closing angle of the inner template 1 and the outer template 2. This allows the template system to flexibly adapt to the pouring and demolding states, realizing the mechanized operation of the template system, avoiding the tedious process of manual disassembly and assembly, reducing the risk of high-altitude operations, ensuring the positional accuracy during construction, and ensuring the consistency of the quality and dimensional accuracy of the anti-collision pier.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the bottom corner of the drip edge template 7 is set with a slope, and the top corner of the bottom template 3 is set with a rounded corner.

[0036] Therefore, when the upper rounded corner of the bottom template 3 slides over the surface of the drip edge template 7, the smoothness of the arc can eliminate stress concentration points at sharp corners. The combination of these two features makes the template system slide more smoothly during vertical mold closing, preventing template jamming.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, a rubber pad 71 is provided on the inner wall of the drip edge template 7 to increase the sealing between the drip edge template 7 and the bottom template 3 and prevent grout leakage.

[0038] like Figure 4As shown, the upper end face of the bottom template 3 is provided with a rubber strip 32, which can adaptively fill the gap between the bottom template 3 and the lower end face of the bridge to prevent grout leakage, while providing flexible buffering and elastic compression to avoid damage to the bridge structure and the template itself from rigid collisions.

[0039] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the support frame 8 includes a horizontal bar 81 and a diagonal brace 82. The horizontal bar 81 is horizontally set on the lower side wall of the inner frame 4 and is rotatably connected to the inner frame 4. After the horizontal bar 81 is rotated, it fits against the upper surface of the bridge.

[0040] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the crossbar 81 is fixed to the bridge by fasteners 9, which include positioning bolts 91, ear plates 92 and fastening bolts 93.

[0041] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the positioning bolt 91 is fixed to the bridge and vertically passes through the front end of the crossbar 81. The ear plate 92 is horizontally set on both sides of the tail position of the crossbar 81, and the fastening bolt 93 is fixed to the bridge and vertically passes through the ear plate 92.

[0042] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the diagonal brace 82 includes a threaded tube 83 and a pair of threaded rods 84. The pair of threaded rods 84 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the threaded tube 83 in opposite directions, and the pair of threaded rods 84 are rotatably connected to the upper end of the inner frame 4 and the tail end of the crossbar 81, respectively.

[0043] When installing the support frame 8, the positioning bolts 91 pre-installed on the bridge are first passed through the through holes at the front end of the crossbar 81 to complete the initial positioning and support of the front end of the crossbar 81. At this time, the front end of the crossbar 81 is restricted to a specific position, realizing the pre-positioning of the formwork. Then, the angle and position of the tail of the crossbar 81 are adjusted so that the fastening bolts 93 pre-installed on the bridge pass through the ear plates 92 on both sides of the tail of the crossbar 81, realizing rapid demolding.

[0044] Then, based on the actual slope of the upper end of the bridge, the operator rotates the threaded tube 83 in the diagonal brace 82, driving the threaded rods 84 with opposite directions of rotation at both ends to extend and retract synchronously, thereby changing the effective length of the diagonal brace 82. As the length of the diagonal brace 82 changes, the tail of the crossbar 81 is lifted or lowered, causing the crossbar 81 to rotate around its pivot point with the inner frame 4 until the lower surface of the crossbar 81 is completely in contact with the upper end of the bridge.

[0045] At this point, the diagonal brace 82 is locked in position. Finally, tighten the nuts on the positioning bolt 91 and the fastening bolt 93 to achieve the clamping and fixing of the crossbeam. At this point, the crossbar 81, the inner frame 4 and the diagonal brace 82 together form a stable support frame 8, providing reliable back support for the inner template 1.

[0046] In this process, the positioning bolt 91 undertakes the main vertical support and horizontal limiting functions, while the fastening bolt 93, together with the ear plate 92, undertakes the main pull-out and shear resistance functions. The two work together to achieve rapid, reliable and adjustable fixing of both ends of the crossbar 81 on the bridge, thereby providing a stable support foundation for the entire formwork system.

[0047] Therefore, by setting up a support frame 8 consisting of crossbars 81 and diagonal braces 82, a stable triangular force system is formed. The double fixing cooperation of positioning bolts 91 and fastening bolts 93 is used to achieve precise positioning of the front end of the crossbars 81 and strong anchoring of the tail end. At the same time, with the adjustable length of the diagonal braces 82, the entire support frame 8 can adapt to the unevenness or slope changes of the upper surface of the bridge, ensuring good fit between the support frame 8 and the bridge deck, improving the adaptability of the formwork system to complex bridge types, and ensuring construction accuracy and support stability.

[0048] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, each of the two adjacent crossbars 81 has a support rod 85 on the side closest to each other. A water tank 86 is installed on the support rod 85. A cover or grating can be installed on the upper end of the water tank 86 to facilitate workers to stand. At the same time, a valve can be added to the bottom to allow the water in the water tank 86 to be poured out.

[0049] Therefore, by setting up a water tank 86 on the support frame 8, the water storage function of the water tank 86 is used to realize timely spray curing of concrete, solving the problem of inconvenient water supply for curing. At the same time, it increases the overall counterweight of the formwork system, improves wind resistance and disturbance resistance, solves the problem of insufficient construction stability, and the water tank 86 can be stepped on by construction personnel, providing convenient operating steps, facilitating pouring and vibration operations, solving the problem of inconvenience for workers, and realizing multi-functional integration.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, both ends of the inner template 1 and the outer template 2 are provided with flanges 12, and a locking pin passes through between two adjacent flanges 12.

[0051] When assembling the templates, first hoist the inner template 1 and outer template 2, each with flange 12, to the designated position, ensuring that the end faces of the flanges 12 of adjacent template units abut against each other and align the holes. Then, insert the locking pins through the aligned flange 12 holes to secure the adjacent template units.

[0052] Therefore, by setting up segmented inner template 1 and outer template 2, a modular rapid assembly structure is formed, and the appropriate quantity can be selected according to the needs, which facilitates the construction of bridge anti-collision piers for straight and curved sections. Example 2:

[0053] A construction method for a single-sided formwork system for bridge anti-collision piers includes the following steps: S1. Based on the straight or curved shape of the bridge anti-collision pier, select a matching number of template units for ground pre-assembly to avoid high-altitude assembly operations and reduce construction risks.

[0054] S2. Place the inner and outer templates flat in sequence, align the flanges at adjacent ends, and insert the locking pins through the holes on the aligned flanges to complete the assembly of the inner and outer templates.

[0055] S3 uses a fixed-point vertical hoisting method to hoist the integrated template system to the bridge anti-collision pier construction site and slowly lower it. The front end of the crossbar on the back side of the inner frame is aligned with the pre-set positioning bolts on the bridge deck, so that the positioning bolts penetrate vertically through the through holes at the front end of the crossbar. At the same time, the pre-set fastening bolts on the bridge deck penetrate through the ear plates on both sides of the tail of the crossbar to complete the initial anchoring.

[0056] S4. Based on the actual slope and flatness of the bridge deck, rotate the threaded tube on the diagonal brace to drive the opposite threaded rods at both ends to extend and retract synchronously, finely adjust the effective length of the diagonal brace, and drive the crossbar to rotate around the pivot point of the inner frame until the lower surface of the crossbar is completely in contact with the upper surface of the bridge without any gaps. Tighten the nuts on the positioning bolts and fastening bolts in sequence to achieve double fixation of the front and rear ends of the crossbar, so that the crossbar, diagonal brace and inner frame form a stable triangular force system to withstand the lateral pressure of the concrete and the self-weight of the equipment.

[0057] S5, start the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder slowly extends the piston rod, pushing the outer frame to rotate inward around the hoisting top frame, driving the outer formwork to move inward and complete the formwork closing action. The closing process is uniform and slow, and the alignment of the formwork is observed in real time until the outer formwork and inner formwork form the standard anti-collision pier casting outline. At the same time, the angle steel hook at the end of the outer formwork automatically hooks the outside of the side sealing plate, locking the position of the side sealing plate to prevent lateral formwork running and grout leakage.

[0058] S6, start the hydraulic cylinder on the outer frame, drive the slide to slide vertically upward along the outer frame, and drive the bottom template to rise synchronously until the upper end of the bottom template is tightly pressed against the lower end face of the bridge.

[0059] S7 adopts a layered continuous pouring method, with the layer thickness controlled at 300-500mm. The material is poured at a uniform speed to avoid concentrated material accumulation that could cause template misalignment and bulging. Then, an immersion vibrator is used to vibrate the material in layers to ensure compaction.

[0060] S8. After the concrete strength reaches the demolding specification requirements, the hydraulic cylinder is started in reverse to drive the slide to lower the bottom formwork at a uniform speed, separating it from the lower end face of the bridge and the concrete forming surface, thus completing the bottom demolding. Then, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is retracted in reverse to pull the outer frame to rotate outward around the hoisting top frame, causing the outer formwork to slowly open outward and separate from the outer surface of the concrete. Finally, the side sealing plate locking bolts are removed, the side sealing plates are separated, and the fasteners on the support frame are released. The entire formwork system is then hoisted to the next construction position using hoisting equipment. The assembly, mold closing, and pouring processes are repeated to achieve modular turnover construction.

[0061] The specific embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to these embodiments without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge abutment single-sided work form system, characterized in that: include: The inner template (1) is vertically set on the upper surface of the bridge; The outer template (2) is vertically set on the outer side of the bridge facade. The lower end of the outer template (2) is gradually bent inward to a horizontal position and forms a drip edge template (7) that is flush with the bridge facade. Both ends of the inner template (1) and the outer template (2) are covered with side sealing plates (21). The side sealing plates (21) are connected to the inner template (1) by locking bolts. The end of the outer template (2) is provided with angle steel hooks (22) that hook the outer side of the side sealing plates (21) after the mold is closed. The bottom template (3) is vertically slidably connected to the outer surface of the drip edge template (7), and its upper end is pressed against the lower end of the bridge. The inner frame (4) is vertically arranged on the back side of the inner template (1), and the back side of the inner frame (4) is provided with support frames (8) fixed on the bridge at intervals; An outer frame (5) is vertically set on the back side of the outer template (2). A slide (51) is vertically slidably connected to the lower end of the outer frame (5). The slide (51) is connected to the back side of the bottom template (3). An oil cylinder (52) is provided on the outer frame (5) to control the vertical sliding of the slide (51). The hoisting top frame (6) is horizontally set at the upper end of the inner frame (4), the upper end of the outer frame (5) is rotatably connected to the hoisting frame, and a hydraulic cylinder (41) is rotatably connected between the upper ends of the inner frame (4) and the outer frame (5).

2. A single-sided work formwork system for a bridge crash barrier pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom corner of the drip edge template (7) is set at an angle, and the top corner of the bottom template (3) is set at a rounded corner.

3. A single-sided work formwork system for a bridge crash barrier pier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the drip edge template (7) is provided with a rubber pad (71), and the upper surface of the bottom template (3) is provided with a rubber strip (32).

4. The single-sided work formwork system for a bridge crash pad of claim 1, wherein: A limiting rod (31) is provided laterally on the back side of the bottom template (3), and the limiting rod (31) is used to abut against the lower end face of the outer frame (5).

5. The single-sided work formwork system for a bridge crash pad of claim 1, wherein: The support frame (8) includes a crossbar (81) and a diagonal brace (82). The crossbar (81) is horizontally arranged on the lower side wall of the inner frame (4) and fixed to the bridge by fasteners (9). The upper end of the diagonal brace (82) is connected to the upper end of the inner frame (4), and the lower end is connected to the tail of the crossbar (81).

6. A bridge pier single-sided work formwork system according to claim 5, wherein: The fastener (9) includes a positioning bolt (91), a lug plate (92), and a fastening bolt (93). The positioning bolt (91) is fixed to the bridge and vertically passes through the front end of the crossbar (81). The lug plate (92) is horizontally arranged on both sides of the tail of the crossbar (81). The fastening bolt (93) is fixed to the bridge and vertically passes through the lug plate (92).

7. A single-sided working template system for bridge anti-collision piers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crossbar (81) is rotatably connected to the inner frame (4) and is used to fit the upper end of the bridge. The diagonal brace (82) includes a threaded tube (83) and a pair of threaded rods (84). The pair of threaded rods (84) are rotatably connected to the two ends of the threaded tube (83) in opposite directions. The pair of threaded rods (84) are rotatably connected to the upper end of the inner frame (4) and the tail end of the crossbar (81) respectively.

8. A bridge pier single-sided work form system according to claim 5, wherein: Each of the two adjacent crossbars (81) is provided with a support rod (85) on the side that is close to each other, and a water tank (86) is provided on the support rod (85).

9. A bridge pier single-sided work form system according to claim 1, wherein: Both ends of the inner template (1) and the outer template (2) are provided with flanges (12), and a locking pin passes through between two adjacent flanges (12).

10. A construction method of a bridge berm single-side operation formwork system, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Based on the straight or curved shape of the bridge anti-collision pier, select a matching number of template units for ground pre-assembly to avoid high-altitude assembly operations and reduce construction risks. S2, place the inner template (1) and outer template (2) flat in sequence, align the flanges (12) at adjacent ends, and insert the locking pin through the hole on the aligned flange (12) to complete the assembly of the inner template (1) and outer template (2). S3, using a fixed-point vertical hoisting method, the integrated template system is hoisted to the bridge anti-collision pier construction site and slowly lowered. The front end of the crossbar (81) on the back side of the inner frame (4) is aligned with the bridge deck pre-positioning bolt (91), so that the positioning bolt (91) vertically penetrates the front end through hole of the crossbar (81), and at the same time, the bridge deck pre-fastening bolt (93) penetrates the ear plates (92) on both sides of the tail of the crossbar (81) to complete the initial anchoring. S4. Based on the actual slope and flatness of the bridge deck, rotate the threaded tube (83) on the diagonal brace (82) to drive the reverse threaded rods (84) at both ends to extend and retract synchronously, finely adjust the effective length of the diagonal brace (82), and drive the crossbar (81) to rotate around the pivot point of the inner frame (4) until the lower surface of the crossbar (81) is completely in contact with the upper surface of the bridge without any gap. Tighten the nuts on the positioning bolts (91) and fastening bolts (93) in sequence to achieve double fixation of the front and rear ends of the crossbar (81), so that the crossbar (81), diagonal brace (82), and inner frame (4) form a stable triangular force system to withstand the lateral pressure of concrete and the self-weight of the equipment. S5, start the hydraulic cylinder (41), the hydraulic cylinder (41) slowly extends the piston rod, push the outer frame (5) to rotate inward around the hoisting top frame (6), drive the outer template (2) to move inward, and complete the template closing action. The closing process is uniform and slow. Observe the template alignment in real time until the outer template (2) and the inner template (1) form the standard anti-collision pier casting outline. At the same time, the angle steel hook (22) at the end of the outer template (2) automatically hooks the outside of the side sealing plate (21) to lock the position of the side sealing plate (21) and prevent lateral formwork running and grout leakage. S6, start the oil cylinder (52) on the outer frame (5) to drive the slide (51) to slide vertically upward along the outer frame (5), and drive the bottom template (3) to rise synchronously until the upper end of the bottom template (3) is tightly pressed against the lower end face of the bridge; S7 adopts a layered continuous casting method, with the layer thickness controlled at 300-500mm. The material is poured at a uniform speed to avoid concentrated material accumulation that could cause template misalignment and bulging. Then, an immersion vibrator is used to vibrate the material in layers to ensure compaction. S8. After the concrete strength reaches the demolding specification requirements, the hydraulic cylinder (52) is started in reverse to drive the slide (51) to drive the bottom formwork (3) to descend at a constant speed, detach from the lower end face of the bridge and the concrete forming surface, and complete the bottom demolding. Then, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (41) is contracted in reverse to pull the outer frame (5) to rotate outward around the hoisting top frame (6), which drives the outer formwork (2) to slowly open outward and detach from the outer surface of the concrete. Finally, the locking bolts of the side sealing plate (21) are removed, the side sealing plate (21) is separated, and the fasteners (9) on the support frame (8) are finally released from anchorage. The entire formwork system is then hoisted to the next construction position using hoisting equipment. The assembly, mold closing, and pouring processes are repeated to achieve modular turnover construction.

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