Bridge swivel spherical hinge structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a bridge spherical hinge structure and its construction method, belonging to the field of bridge construction technology. The bridge spherical hinge structure includes an upper spherical hinge and a lower spherical hinge. The bottom surface of the upper spherical hinge forms an upper spherical surface, with a stop plate around its perimeter. The top surface of the lower spherical hinge forms a lower spherical surface that slides against the upper spherical surface, with an annular groove around its perimeter. The stop plate extends into the annular groove and forms a side gap with the edge of the lower spherical surface. A sealed channel is formed between the stop plate and the annular groove, filled with a first sealant, and the opening of the annular groove is sealed with a second sealant. The bridge spherical hinge structure and its construction method provided by this invention can effectively resist multidimensional loads through the force exerted by the stop plate, improving the overturning resistance of the spherical hinge structure. By filling the sealed channel formed between the stop plate and the groove with the first and second sealants, the waterproof performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge construction technology, specifically relating to a bridge rotating ball hinge structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] The rotation system is a key piece of equipment in bridge rotation construction, and it mainly consists of three components: the spherical hinge, the support legs, and the sliding track. Among them, the spherical hinge is the core component, which not only needs to bear the load of the upper turntable, but also needs to enable the horizontal and vertical rotation of the bridge structure.

[0003] Traditional ball joint structures rely on the fit between steel pins and the center holes of the upper and lower ball joints to control vertical rotation. When the rotating T-structure (a type of T-bridge constructed using the rotation method) tilts eccentrically, the pins may bend or even break due to stress concentration. Since the pins only provide horizontal constraints and cannot form a three-dimensional restraint system, they are insufficient to effectively resist structural instability caused by multi-dimensional loads under complex conditions, and cannot avoid the risk of overturning in extreme situations. Furthermore, the time span between ball joint installation and rotation construction is generally long, making the mating surfaces of the upper and lower ball joints susceptible to water ingress and corrosion, affecting structural safety and subsequent normal use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a bridge spherical hinge structure and its construction method, aiming to improve the overturning resistance of the spherical hinge and the waterproof performance of the spherical hinge.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: Firstly, a bridge spherical hinge structure is provided, comprising: The upper ball joint is used to fix it on the bottom surface of the upper turntable. The bottom surface of the upper ball joint forms an upper spherical surface, and a stop plate is provided around the periphery of the upper ball joint. The lower ball joint is used to fix it on the top surface of the lower bearing platform. The top surface of the lower ball joint forms a lower spherical surface, which slides against the upper spherical surface. The lower ball joint is provided with an annular groove around its periphery. The stop plate extends into the annular groove and forms a side gap with the periphery of the lower ball joint. A sealing channel is formed between the stop plate and the annular groove, and the sealing channel is filled with a first sealant.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the annular groove includes an inner ring and an outer ring located on both sides of the stop plate, and a base plate connected between the lower ends of the inner ring and the outer ring; wherein, the upper end of the inner ring is higher than the lower end of the stop plate and is fixedly connected to the edge of the lower ball joint, the upper end of the outer ring is flush with or higher than the lower end of the stop plate, and a filling gap is formed between the upper end of the outer ring and the bottom surface of the upper turntable, the filling gap being filled with a second sealant.

[0007] For example, the first sealant is an oil-based sealant, and the second sealant is a viscoelastic sealant.

[0008] In some embodiments, the upper ball joint has a vertically extending upper bushing at its center, and the lower ball joint has a vertically extending lower bushing at its center. The lower bushing and the upper bushing are aligned vertically and together form a shaft cavity. A pin passes through the shaft cavity, and there is a movable gap between the pin and the circumference of the shaft cavity.

[0009] In some embodiments, the lower ball joint includes: A concave spherical plate, the upper surface of which forms a lower spherical surface, and a lower bushing extending vertically downward is fixedly connected to the center of the concave spherical plate; Multiple first circumferential ribs are sequentially spaced around the outer periphery of the lower bushing and are all fixed to the lower surface of the concave spherical plate. One of the first circumferential ribs is located at the edge of the concave spherical plate and connected to the annular groove. Multiple first radial ribs are distributed sequentially and spaced apart along the circumference of the lower bushing, and are all fixed to the lower surface of the concave spherical plate. Each first radial rib is fixedly connected to each first circumferential rib and the lower bushing.

[0010] For example, the first circumferential rib located at the edge of the concave spherical plate is fixed with multiple shear anchor bars at circumferential intervals, and each shear anchor bar is anchored in the lower bearing platform.

[0011] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the lower bushing is fixed with a plurality of supporting ribs at intervals along its circumference, and each supporting rib is fixed to one of the first radial ribs.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the upper ball joint includes: The convex spherical plate has an upper spherical surface formed on its lower surface. A vertically upward-extending upper bushing is fixedly connected to the center of the convex spherical plate, and a stop plate is provided around the outer periphery of the convex spherical plate. Multiple second circumferential ribs are sequentially and intermittently arranged between the upper bushing and the stop plate, and are all fixedly connected to the upper surface of the convex ball plate. Multiple second radial ribs are distributed sequentially and spaced apart along the circumference of the upper bushing, and are all fixed to the upper surface of the convex ball plate. The two ends of the second radial ribs are respectively fixed to the upper bushing and the stop plate, and the middle part is fixedly connected to each second circumferential rib.

[0013] For example, a single or separate sliding plate is provided between the upper and lower spherical surfaces.

[0014] In some embodiments, the bridge spherical hinge structure further includes a spherical hinge bracket, which is fixedly disposed inside the lower bearing platform, and the lower spherical hinge is fixedly connected to the spherical hinge bracket.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the bridge spherical hinge structure provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the bridge spherical hinge structure provided by this invention, based on the sliding contact structure of the upper and lower spherical surfaces, utilizes the stop plate and the side clearance around the lower spherical surface to form a movable limit for the upper spherical hinge, thereby enabling the upper spherical hinge to swing relative to the lower spherical hinge within a preset angle range. When the upper spherical hinge reaches its maximum swing angle, the stop plate surrounding the upper spherical hinge can provide lateral support to the edge of the lower spherical surface, thus forming a reliable limiting support system for the upper spherical hinge using the stop plate. This not only avoids the bending or even breakage that is easily caused by the concentrated force in traditional pin-shaft limiting structures, but also effectively resists multidimensional loads, thereby improving the overturning resistance of the spherical hinge structure.

[0016] A sealing channel is formed by the engagement of the stop plate and the annular groove on the edge of the lower ball joint. By filling the sealing channel with a first sealant, a circumferential seal is created between the upper and lower spherical surfaces, improving the waterproof performance of the ball joint. This is especially beneficial when the installation and rotation of the ball joint span a long period, preventing water ingress and corrosion before rotation that could affect the safety and normal use of the ball joint structure. Furthermore, by integrating the swing angle limiting and waterproof sealing into the engagement structure of the stop plate and the annular groove, the overall structural compactness is significantly improved.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a construction method for the above-mentioned bridge rotating spherical hinge structure, including the following steps: First pouring of the lower foundation; After the concrete poured for the first time in the lower foundation reaches the strength index, a ball joint bracket is installed on the surface of the first pour. Weld a shear anchor bar at intervals around the first circumferential rib plate on the edge of the lower ball joint and install the ring groove, then fix the lower ball joint on the ball joint bracket; The lower foundation is poured in a secondary manner, and the surface of the secondary pouring is higher than the ball joint support. After the concrete of the second pour of the lower bearing platform reaches the strength index, the pin is lubricated and hoisted into the lower bushing. Then, a sliding plate is laid on the lower ball surface and lubricated. The ball hinge is hoisted and fixed. The sealing channel formed between the annular groove on the lower edge of the ball joint and the stop plate on the upper edge of the ball joint is filled with grease-based sealant, so that the liquid level of the grease-based sealant is flush with the lower end of the stop plate; then viscoelastic sealant is filled between the liquid level of the grease-based sealant and the bottom surface of the upper turntable.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the construction method of the bridge rotating ball hinge structure provided by the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the construction method of the bridge rotating ball hinge structure of the present invention adopts a two-stage casting process for the lower abutment. The foundation of the ball hinge support is formed by the first casting, and then the ball hinge support is fixed in the concrete base by the second casting, thereby forming an integral load-bearing structure of the ball hinge support and the lower abutment.

[0019] While the lower ball joint is fixed to the ball joint support, it is also anchored to the lower bearing platform through a ring of shear anchor bars distributed around its circumference. This allows the lower ball joint and the lower bearing platform to share the load collaboratively, which helps improve the shear resistance of the lower ball joint. The upper and lower ball joints form a three-dimensional limiting system for collaborative load sharing through the cooperation of a pin and a stop plate. This not only avoids the pin from bending or even breaking due to concentrated stress, but also effectively resists multidimensional loads, thereby improving the overturning resistance of the rotating T-structure.

[0020] The annular groove on the lower ball joint edge and the stop plate on the upper ball joint edge form a sealing channel. By filling the sealing channel with grease-based sealant and simultaneously filling the gap between the grease-based sealant and the upper turntable with viscoelastic sealant, the fluidity of the grease-based sealant can be used to improve the uniformity and tightness of the circumferential seal. Furthermore, the viscoelastic sealant can form a protective seal for the grease-based sealant, thereby preventing the grease-based sealant from failing due to environmental factors or leakage, thus improving the long-term reliability of the waterproof seal. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a bridge spherical hinge structure in its normal state, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a bridge spherical hinge structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the upper spherical hinge deflects. Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the lower ball joint used in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper ball joint used in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a top view of the upper ball joint structure used in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 10. Upper ball joint; 20. Upper turntable; 11. Convex ball plate; 111. Upper spherical surface; 12. Upper bushing; 121. Shaft cavity; 13. Stop plate; 131. First sealing material; 14. Second circumferential rib; 15. Second radial rib; 30. Lower ball joint; 31. Concave ball plate; 311. Lower spherical surface; 32. Lower bushing; 33. Annular groove; 331. Inner ring; 332. Outer ring; 333. Base plate; 34. Second sealing material; 35. First circumferential rib; 36. First radial rib; 37. Shear anchoring bar; 38. Supporting diagonal bar; 40. Lower bearing platform; 50. Pin; 51. Movement clearance; 60. Slide plate; 70. Ball joint bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" or "connected to" another element, it can be directly set on or indirectly set on the other element. It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" or "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] It is important to understand that the rotation system, as a key piece of equipment in bridge rotation construction, must take into account multiple functions such as rotation, load-bearing, and balance. Currently, the commonly used rotation systems in engineering include three main components: the rotation ball joint, the support legs, and the sliding track. Among them, the support legs are used to provide anti-overturning support for the upper turntable, and the sliding track is used to guide the upper turntable to rotate. The rotation ball joint is the most critical component, which must not only bear the load of the upper turntable, but also enable the horizontal rotation of the rotating T-shaped bridge, while also controlling the vertical sway.

[0026] During horizontal rotation, the rotating T-structure is highly susceptible to vertical rotation and instability. Excessive vertical rotation can cause tilting, leading to an abnormal shift in the overall center of gravity of the rotating T-structure. This not only increases the friction between the upper and lower ball joint mating surfaces but also affects the stability and safety of the main body's horizontal rotation, jeopardizing the construction safety of the rotating T-structure.

[0027] Traditional ball joint structures rely solely on a central steel pin to control excessive vertical rotation. This method has significant limitations: firstly, when the rotating T-structure tilts eccentrically, the pin may bend or even break due to stress concentration; secondly, the pin only provides unidirectional central constraint, which is insufficient to effectively resist structural instability caused by multidimensional loads under complex conditions, resulting in inadequate overturning resistance. Especially when there are sudden changes in rotational angular velocity or strong wind loads, the rotating T-structure experiences significant coupled swaying in both the lateral and vertical directions, posing a serious threat to the safe operation of the rotation system.

[0028] In addition, since the swivel ball joint is installed between the lower bearing platform and the upper turntable, the bearing platform is usually located in the foundation pit, which is easily submerged by water accumulation in the pit. In particular, the time span between the completion of the ball joint installation and the rotation construction can be several months or even several years. During this process, water can easily enter between the mating surfaces of the upper and lower ball joints (usually using applied grease for both lubrication and sealing). After water enters, the grease or other lubricants filled inside will emulsify and be lost. The internal sliding plate will absorb water and soften, making it very easy to be crushed. This will lead to a sharp increase in the coefficient of friction and the traction force, making it impossible to rotate normally, affecting structural safety and subsequent normal use.

[0029] In addition, during the construction process, the occasional bulging and leakage of grout during concrete pouring, as well as sealing issues, can easily lead to the risk of grout intrusion into the ball joint structure. The intruding grout may not only cause the ball joint structure to jam, affecting the normal progress of subsequent rotation construction, but also be detrimental to structural safety.

[0030] To solve the above practical problems, the following measures are now proposed. Figures 1 to 7 The bridge spherical hinge structure provided by the present invention will be described. The bridge spherical hinge structure includes an upper spherical hinge 10 and a lower spherical hinge 30. The upper spherical hinge 10 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the upper turntable 20, and the bottom surface of the upper spherical hinge 10 forms an upper spherical surface 111. A stop plate 13 is provided around the periphery of the upper spherical hinge 10. The lower spherical hinge 30 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the lower bearing platform 40, and the top surface of the lower spherical hinge 30 forms a lower spherical surface 311. The lower spherical surface 311 slides against the upper spherical surface 111, and an annular groove 33 is provided around the periphery of the lower spherical surface 311. The stop plate 13 extends into the annular groove 33 and forms a side gap with the periphery of the lower spherical hinge 30. A sealing channel is formed between the stop plate 13 and the annular groove 33, and the sealing channel is filled with a first sealant 131.

[0031] The bridge spherical hinge structure provided in this embodiment, compared with the prior art, is based on the sliding contact structure of the upper spherical surface 111 and the lower spherical surface 311. It utilizes the stop plate 13 and the side clearance around the lower spherical surface 311 to create a movable limit for the upper spherical hinge 10, thereby allowing the upper spherical hinge 10 to swing relative to the lower spherical hinge 30 within a preset angle range. When the upper spherical hinge 10 reaches its maximum swing angle, the stop plate 13 surrounding the upper spherical hinge 10 can provide lateral support at the edge of the lower spherical surface 311. Figure 4 As shown, the stop plate 13 forms a reliable limiting support system for the upper ball joint 10, which not only avoids the bending or even breakage of the traditional pin limiting structure due to stress concentration, but also effectively resists multidimensional loads, thereby improving the overturning resistance of the rotating T-structure.

[0032] A sealing channel is formed by the engagement of the stop plate 13 and the annular groove 33 on the edge of the lower ball joint 30. By filling the sealing channel with the first sealant 131, a circumferential seal is formed on the mating gap between the upper spherical surface 111 and the lower spherical surface 311, improving the waterproof performance of the ball joint. This is especially beneficial when the installation and rotation of the ball joint span a long period, preventing water ingress and corrosion before the rotation, which could affect the safety and normal use of the ball joint structure. In addition, by integrating the swing angle limiting and waterproof sealing into the mating structure of the stop plate 13 and the annular groove 33, the overall structural compactness is greatly improved.

[0033] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The annular groove 33 includes an inner ring 331 and an outer ring 332 located on both sides of the stop plate 13, and a bottom plate 333 connected between the lower ends of the inner ring 331 and the outer ring 332; wherein, the upper end of the inner ring 331 is higher than the lower end of the stop plate 13 and is fixedly connected to the edge of the lower ball joint 30, the upper end of the outer ring 332 is flush with or higher than the lower end of the stop plate 13, and a filling gap is formed between the upper end of the outer ring 332 and the bottom surface of the upper turntable 20, and the filling gap is filled with a second sealing material 34.

[0034] The annular groove 33 is formed by an inner ring 331, an outer ring 332, and a bottom plate 333, creating an open structure. The stop plate 13 extends between the inner ring 331 and the outer ring 332, with gaps between them. The upper end of the inner ring 331 is higher than the upper end of the outer ring 332. This ensures that after the upper end of the inner ring 331 is fixed to the edge of the lower ball joint 30, the upper end of the outer ring 332 can form a filling gap with the bottom surface of the upper turntable 20. This allows the first sealant 131 to be injected into the sealing channel through the filling gap. After the sealing channel is filled with the first sealant 131, the filling gap is filled with the second sealant 34. The second sealant 34 forms a seal on the sealing channel, thus creating a multi-layer sealing system around the mating gap between the upper spherical surface 111 and the lower spherical surface 311 (the stop plate 13 extending into the annular groove 33 creates a labyrinth seal, and the first sealant 131 and the second sealant 34 form two packing seals), significantly improving the waterproof sealing effect.

[0035] For example, in this embodiment, the first sealant 131 is an grease-based sealant, and the second sealant 34 is a viscoelastic sealant. The first sealant 131 uses an grease-based sealant, such as silicone grease or butter. The fluidity of the grease-based sealant can improve the circumferential uniformity and tightness of the first sealant 131 in filling the sealing channel. At the same time, it can also provide a lubrication effect between the stop plate 13 and the annular groove 33, preventing the upper ball joint 10 from rotating horizontally or swinging vertically, which would cause the seal to fail. (This swinging refers to the slight movement of the upper ball joint 10 due to eccentricity or external force before the bridge rotation construction. After the bridge rotation construction is completed, the entire ball joint structure will be cast into concrete as a whole. At this time, there will be no need for waterproof sealing. Therefore, waterproof sealing is mainly for the period between the completion of the ball joint support construction and the formal bridge rotation construction.)

[0036] The second sealant 34 is a viscoelastic sealant, such as a high-elasticity foam sealant. The viscoelastic sealant can meet the small-amplitude movement requirements of the upper ball joint 10 by utilizing its own viscoelasticity. On the other hand, the viscoelastic sealant is equivalent to forming a seal on the sealing channel, which can play a role in preventing water and dust from the grease-based sealant. This avoids the grease-based sealant from being soaked in water or contaminated by dust and thus prevents the seal from failing. In this way, the long-term sealing reliability of the ball joint support can be improved, ensuring structural safety and subsequent normal use.

[0037] It should be noted that you should refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The upper ball joint 10 has a vertically extending upper bushing 12 at its center, and the lower ball joint 30 has a vertically extending lower bushing 32 at its center. The lower bushing 32 and the upper bushing 12 are aligned vertically and together form a shaft cavity 121. A pin 50 passes through the shaft cavity 121, and there is a movable gap 51 between the pin 50 and the periphery of the shaft cavity 121.

[0038] By installing a pin 50 within the shaft cavity 121 formed by aligning the upper bushing 12 and the lower bushing 32, the movable clearance 51 between the pin 50 and the shaft cavity 121 ensures the movement requirements of the upper ball joint 10 relative to the lower ball joint 30. Simultaneously, when the upper ball joint 10 moves to its limit position relative to the lower ball joint 30, the pin 50 abuts against the inner walls of the upper bushing 12 and the lower bushing 32, respectively, thus creating a limiting position. This achieves a three-dimensional limiting system where the pin 50 and the stop plate 13 work together to resist forces, effectively resisting multidimensional loads and improving overturning resistance.

[0039] As one specific structural form of the lower ball joint 30 mentioned above, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 The lower ball joint 30 includes a concave ball plate 31, a plurality of first circumferential ribs 35, and a plurality of first radial ribs 36; the upper surface of the concave ball plate 31 forms a lower spherical surface 311, and a vertically downward extending lower bushing 32 is fixedly connected to the center of the concave ball plate 31; each of the first circumferential ribs 35 is sequentially spaced around the outer periphery of the lower bushing 32 and is fixed to the lower surface of the concave ball plate 31, and one of the first circumferential ribs 35 is located at the edge of the concave ball plate 31 and connected to the annular groove 33; each of the first radial ribs 36 is sequentially spaced along the circumference of the lower bushing 32 and is fixed to the lower surface of the concave ball plate 31, and each of the first radial ribs 36 is fixedly connected to each of the first circumferential ribs 35 and the lower bushing 32.

[0040] The main purpose of using the concave ball plate 31 is to form a lower spherical surface 311 that mates with the upper spherical surface 111 through its concave upper surface. In order to improve the structural strength of the concave ball plate 31 and the overall structural integrity and synergistic force-bearing effect between the lower ball joint 30 and the lower bearing 40, several first circumferential ribs 35 and several first radial ribs 36 are provided on the lower surface of the concave ball plate 31. The first radial ribs 36 are cross-connected with each of the first circumferential ribs 35 and fixedly connected to the peripheral wall of the lower bushing 32. The connection method can be on-site welding, so that the lower surface of the concave ball plate 31 forms a spider web-shaped reinforced structure. At the same time, the first radial ribs 36 can be used to support the lower bushing 32 to improve the load-bearing capacity of the lower bushing 32. This prevents the lower bushing 32 from tilting, deforming or tearing due to excessive force exerted on it by the pin 50 when the upper ball joint 10 swings, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the overall ball joint structure.

[0041] To further improve the shear resistance of the lower ball joint 30, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 5It is understood that the first circumferential rib 35 located at the edge of the concave spherical plate 31 is fixed with multiple shear anchor bars 37 at circumferential intervals, and each shear anchor bar 37 is anchored within the lower bearing platform 40. By anchoring to the lower bearing platform 40 with a ring of shear anchor bars 37, the load borne by the lower spherical hinge 30 can be transferred to the lower bearing platform 40 through the shear anchor bars 37, thereby achieving overall coordinated force bearing between the lower spherical hinge 30 and the lower bearing platform 40, which significantly improves the shear resistance of the lower spherical hinge 30 during installation.

[0042] It is important to understand that you should refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figure 5 In this embodiment, a plurality of supporting ribs 38 are fixedly fixed at intervals along the circumference of the outer wall of the lower bushing 32, and each supporting rib 38 is fixed to one of the first radial ribs 36. By setting a ring of supporting ribs 38 to establish a force transmission path between the first radial rib 36 and the lower bushing 32, the strength of the lower bushing 32 can be improved, and the lower bushing 32 can be prevented from skewing and deforming under the compression of the pin 50, thus affecting the overall structural stability.

[0043] As one specific embodiment of the aforementioned upper ball joint 10, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The upper ball joint 10 includes a convex ball plate 11, a plurality of second circumferential ribs 14, and a plurality of second radial ribs 15. The lower surface of the convex ball plate 11 forms an upper spherical surface 111. The center of the convex ball plate 11 is fixedly connected to an upper bushing 12 extending vertically upward. A stop plate 13 is arranged circumferentially around the outer periphery of the convex ball plate 11. Each of the second circumferential ribs 14 is arranged sequentially and spaced between the upper bushing 12 and the stop plate 13, and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the convex ball plate 11. Each of the second radial ribs 15 is distributed sequentially and spaced along the circumference of the upper bushing 12, and is fixed to the upper surface of the convex ball plate 11. The two ends of the second radial ribs 15 are respectively fixed to the upper bushing 12 and the stop plate 13, and the middle part is fixedly connected to each of the second circumferential ribs 14.

[0044] The convex spherical plate 11 and the concave spherical plate 31 share the same structural reinforcement concept. The difference lies in that the concave spherical plate 31 utilizes its upper surface as the mating surface, while the convex spherical plate 11 utilizes its lower surface. Furthermore, to improve the structural strength of the convex spherical plate 11, and also to enhance the structural integrity and synergistic force-bearing effect between the upper ball joint 10 and the upper turntable 20, several second circumferential ribs 14 and several second radial ribs 15 are provided on the upper surface of the convex spherical plate 11. The second radial ribs 15 are cross-connected to each of the second circumferential ribs 14, and their ends are fixedly connected to the periphery of the stop plate 13 and the upper bushing 12, respectively. Specifically, the connection method can be on-site welding, thereby forming a spiderweb-shaped reinforcement structure on the upper surface of the convex spherical plate 11. Each of the second radial ribs 15 and each of the second circumferential ribs 14 can be anchored within the upper turntable 20, and the stop plate 13 also has its upper end portion anchored within the upper turntable 20. Therefore, the synergistic force-bearing effect between the upper ball joint 10 and the upper turntable 20 and the shear resistance between the joint of the upper ball joint 10 and the upper turntable 20 can be improved.

[0045] In addition, the support of the second radial rib 15 on the upper bushing 12 can improve the load-bearing capacity of the upper bushing 12, and prevent the upper bushing 12 from being skewed, deformed or torn due to the excessive force exerted on the upper bushing 12 by the pin 50 when the upper ball joint 10 swings, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the overall ball joint structure.

[0046] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, please refer to... Figure 3 A single or separate sliding plate 60 is provided between the upper spherical surface 111 and the lower spherical surface 311. The sliding plate 60 can be made of a polymer material such as polytetrafluoroethylene modified composite material. The sliding plate 60 can be two whole plates respectively fixed on the upper spherical surface 111 and the lower spherical surface 311, or it can be a whole plate fixed on one of the upper spherical surface 111 and the other composed of several separate plates covering its spherical surface, or it can be a combined sliding plate 60 structure with separate plates attached to both the upper spherical surface 111 and the lower spherical surface 311.

[0047] Of course, the slide plate 60 can also be a single board fixed separately to one of the upper spherical surface 111 and the lower spherical surface 311, while the other slides in contact with the slide plate 60. By setting the slide plate 60 between the upper spherical surface 111 and the lower spherical surface 311, direct rigid contact between the upper spherical surface 111 and the lower spherical surface 311 can be avoided. This not only reduces the resistance to the relative movement of the two surfaces, thereby improving the flexibility of rotating the upper turntable 20 during rotation construction, but also avoids wear from direct contact between the upper spherical surface 111 and the lower spherical surface 311.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the aforementioned bridge spherical hinge structure also includes a hinge bracket 70, which is fixedly installed inside the lower bearing platform 40. The lower spherical hinge 30 is fixedly connected to the hinge bracket 70. By providing the hinge bracket 70, an installation foundation for the lower spherical hinge 30 can be provided. The hinge bracket 70, cast inside the lower bearing platform 40, can improve the cooperative stress-bearing effect between the lower spherical hinge 30 and the lower bearing platform 40, thereby improving the stability of the overall structure.

[0049] Based on the same inventive concept, combined with Figures 1 to 7 It is understood that this application also provides a construction method for a bridge rotating spherical hinge structure, including the following steps: S100, first pouring of the lower foundation 40.

[0050] S200, after the concrete poured for the first time on the lower foundation 40 reaches its strength index, the ball joint bracket 70 is installed on the surface formed by the first pour. Before installing the ball joint bracket 70, the working area for the lower ball joint installation should be cleaned, and the quality of the components should be inspected.

[0051] S300, a shear anchor bar 37 is welded circumferentially at intervals onto the first circumferential rib plate 35 at the edge of the lower ball joint 30, and annular groove 33 is installed. Then, the lower ball joint 30 is fixed onto the ball joint bracket 70. The shear anchor bar 37 is preferably welded to the inner side of the first circumferential rib plate 35. During the installation of the lower ball joint 30, the positioning is checked according to the design requirements, and the verticality and horizontality of the lower ball joint 30 are adjusted.

[0052] For S400, the lower foundation 40 is constructed using a secondary pouring method, with the secondary pouring surface higher than the ball joint bracket 70. Reinforcing bars must be tied before both the initial and secondary pours to ensure the structural strength of the concrete. During pouring, the ball joint bracket 70 must be fully embedded into the concrete, while the lower ball joint 30 must protrude above the secondary pouring surface.

[0053] S500: After the concrete of the second pour of the lower bearing 40 reaches the strength index, the pin 50 is lubricated and hoisted into the lower bushing 32. Then, the sliding plate 60 is laid on the lower spherical surface 311 and lubricated. Then, the ball hinge 10 is hoisted and fixed.

[0054] Before the pin 50 is hoisted into the lower bushing 32 using hoisting equipment, lubricant such as grease is applied. After the pin 50 is hoisted into the lower bushing 32, the upper ball joint 10 is hoisted, ensuring that the upper bushing 12 at the center of the upper ball joint 10 is accurately fitted onto the part of the pin 50 that extends out of the lower bushing 32. After the upper ball joint 10 is hoisted, to ensure stability, the upper ball joint 10 and the lower ball joint 30 can be fixed together using a connecting plate to prevent the upper ball joint 10 from rotating.

[0055] S600, with the upper turntable 20 mounted on the upper ball joint 10.

[0056] S700, the sealing channel formed between the annular groove 33 at the edge of the lower ball joint 30 and the stop plate 13 at the edge of the upper ball joint 10 is filled with an grease-based sealant, so that the liquid level of the grease-based sealant is flush with the lower end of the stop plate 13. Specifically, the grease-based sealant can be silicone grease or butter. By injecting the grease-based sealant, a sealing effect can be achieved while also providing lubrication, thereby ensuring the relative movement flexibility between the upper ball joint 10 and the lower ball joint 30 during subsequent construction.

[0057] S800, a viscoelastic sealant is filled between the liquid surface of the grease-based sealant and the bottom surface of the upper rotating disk 20. Specifically, this viscoelastic sealant can be a highly elastic foamed sealant. Its viscoelasticity not only ensures a reliable sealing effect on the sealing channel but also meets the functional requirement of allowing the upper ball joint 10 to move slightly relative to the lower ball joint 30 without failure, thereby improving the reliability of the waterproof seal.

[0058] The bridge rotation ball hinge structure construction method provided in this embodiment, compared with the prior art, adopts the above-mentioned bridge rotation ball hinge structure. The lower abutment 40 adopts a two-stage casting process. The foundation of the ball hinge support 70 is formed by the first casting, and then the ball hinge support 70 is fixed in the concrete base by the second casting, thereby realizing the overall load-bearing structure of the ball hinge support 70 and the lower abutment 40.

[0059] While the lower ball joint 30 is fixed to the ball joint bracket 70, it is also anchored to the lower bearing platform 40 by means of a ring of shear anchoring bars 37 distributed around its circumference. This allows the lower ball joint 30 and the lower bearing platform 40 to share the load through the shear anchoring bars 37, which helps to improve the shear resistance of the lower ball joint 30. The upper ball joint 10 and the lower ball joint 30 form a three-dimensional limiting system for sharing the load through the cooperation of the pin 50 and the stop plate 13. This not only avoids the pin 50 from bending or even breaking due to concentrated stress, but also effectively resists multidimensional loads, thereby improving the overturning resistance of the rotating T-structure.

[0060] The annular groove 33 on the edge of the lower ball joint 30 and the stop plate 13 on the edge of the upper ball joint 10 form a sealing channel. By filling the sealing channel with grease-based sealant and filling the gap between the grease-based sealant and the upper turntable 20 with viscoelastic sealant, the uniformity and tightness of the circumferential seal can be improved by the fluidity of the grease-based sealant. Furthermore, the viscoelastic sealant can form a protective seal for the grease-based sealant, thereby preventing the grease-based sealant from failing due to environmental factors or leakage, thus improving the long-term reliability of the waterproof seal.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge spherical hinge structure, characterized in that, include: An upper ball joint is used to be fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the upper turntable. The bottom surface of the upper ball joint forms an upper spherical surface, and a stop plate is provided around the periphery of the upper ball joint. The lower ball joint is used to be fixedly installed on the top surface of the lower support platform. The top surface of the lower ball joint forms a lower spherical surface, which slides against the upper spherical surface. The periphery of the lower ball joint is provided with an annular groove located below the lower spherical surface. The stop plate extends into the annular groove and forms a side gap with the periphery of the lower ball joint; a sealing channel is formed between the stop plate and the annular groove, and the sealing channel is filled with a first sealant.

2. The bridge spherical hinge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The annular groove includes an inner ring and an outer ring located on both sides of the stop plate, and a base plate connected between the lower ends of the inner ring and the outer ring; wherein, the upper end of the inner ring is higher than the lower end of the stop plate and is fixedly connected to the edge of the lower ball joint, the upper end of the outer ring is flush with or higher than the lower end of the stop plate, and a filling gap is formed between the upper end of the outer ring and the bottom surface of the upper turntable, the filling gap being filled with a second sealant.

3. A bridge spherical hinge structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first sealant is an oil-based sealant, and the second sealant is a viscoelastic sealant.

4. A bridge spherical hinge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper ball joint has a vertically extending upper bushing at its center, and the lower ball joint has a vertically extending lower bushing at its center. The lower bushing and the upper bushing are aligned vertically and together form a shaft cavity. A pin passes through the shaft cavity, and there is a movable gap between the pin and the circumference of the shaft cavity.

5. A bridge spherical hinge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower ball joint includes: A concave spherical plate, the upper surface of which forms the lower spherical surface, and the lower bushing extending vertically downward is fixedly connected to the center of the concave spherical plate; Multiple first circumferential ribs are sequentially spaced around the outer periphery of the lower bushing and are all fixed to the lower surface of the concave spherical plate. One of the first circumferential ribs is located at the edge of the concave spherical plate and is connected to the annular groove. Multiple first radial ribs are distributed sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the lower bushing and are all fixed to the lower surface of the concave spherical plate. Each first radial rib is fixedly connected to each first circumferential rib and the lower bushing.

6. A bridge spherical hinge structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first circumferential rib located at the edge of the concave spherical plate is fixed with a plurality of shear anchor bars at circumferential intervals, and each of the shear anchor bars is anchored in the lower bearing platform.

7. A bridge spherical hinge structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the lower bushing is fixed with a plurality of supporting ribs at intervals along its circumference, and each of the supporting ribs is fixed to one of the first radial ribs.

8. A bridge spherical hinge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper ball joint includes: A convex spherical plate has an upper spherical surface formed on its lower surface. The upper shaft sleeve extending vertically upward is fixedly connected to the center of the convex spherical plate, and a stop plate is arranged circumferentially on the outer periphery of the convex spherical plate. Multiple second circumferential ribs are sequentially and spaced apart between the upper bushing and the stop plate, and are all fixedly connected to the upper surface of the convex ball plate. Multiple second radial ribs are distributed sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the upper bushing and are all fixed to the upper surface of the convex ball plate. The two ends of the second radial ribs are respectively fixed to the upper bushing and the stop plate, and the middle part is fixedly connected to each of the second circumferential ribs.

9. A bridge spherical hinge structure as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, A sliding plate, either integral or separate, is provided between the upper spherical surface and the lower spherical surface.

10. The construction method of the bridge rotating spherical hinge structure as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The first pouring of the lower foundation; After the concrete poured for the first time in the lower foundation reaches the strength index, a ball joint bracket is installed on the surface of the first pour. Weld a shear anchor bar at intervals around the first circumferential rib plate on the edge of the lower ball joint and install a ring groove, then fix the lower ball joint on the ball joint bracket; The lower foundation is poured in a secondary manner, and the surface of the secondary pouring is higher than the ball joint bracket. After the concrete poured in the second phase of the lower bearing platform reaches the strength index, the pin is lubricated and hoisted into the lower bushing. Then, a sliding plate is laid on the lower spherical surface and lubricated. Finally, the upper ball joint is hoisted. Install the upper turntable on the upper ball joint and take measures to fix it; Fill the sealing channel formed between the annular groove of the lower ball joint edge and the stop plate of the upper ball joint edge with an oily sealant, so that the liquid level of the oily sealant is flush with the lower end of the stop plate. Then fill the space between the liquid level of the oily sealant and the bottom surface of the upper turntable with a viscoelastic sealant.

Images