A water pump and a leak detection method

Abstract

This invention discloses a water pump and a leakage detection method, belonging to the field of water pump fault detection technology. The invention uses the water pump output pressure as the criterion for determining the pump's start-up and shutdown conditions, continuously collecting periodic start-up and shutdown timing data of the water pump; it monitors the water pump output pressure in real time, and when the pressure change meets a preset trigger condition, it initiates a preset leakage determination process; the leakage determination process compares the consistency of multiple sets of collected water pump start-up and shutdown timing data, and finally determines whether a leakage fault exists in the water pump and pipeline system based on the comparison results. This invention can effectively distinguish between minor leaks and normal small-flow human-induced water use, improving the accuracy of minor leak identification and the timeliness of alarms in water pumps and pipelines. This invention also provides a water pump that performs this detection method, equipped with a pressure acquisition unit, a speed regulation unit, a timing acquisition unit, and a leakage determination control unit, enabling it to autonomously complete real-time leakage detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pump leakage detection technology, and more specifically, to a water pump and a leakage detection method. Background Technology

[0002] Water pumps rely on impeller rotation to pressurize and transport water. A motor drives the impeller to agitate the water flow, utilizing centrifugal force to complete water intake and drainage. They are commonly used in water supply and drainage circulation applications. Ordinary water pumps run continuously after being powered on and cannot automatically stop according to changes in water pressure. Water pumps with automatic start-stop functions have a pressure sensor connected to the pump output. The pump automatically controls its start and stop by detecting changes in output pressure. When the water pressure falls below a set lower threshold, the pump automatically starts to replenish water and increase pressure; when the preset upper threshold is reached, it automatically stops to maintain pressure. This allows for intermittent operation as needed, stabilizing water pressure while avoiding power consumption and equipment wear from idling. They are widely used in household pressurization, small building automatic water supply, and equipment circulation water supply.

[0003] However, the start-stop control logic of traditional water pumps with automatic start-stop function is such that if there is a slight leak in the water pump body or the outlet pipeline, the system's pressure holding capability fails, and the pump set will trigger the automatic start pump after detecting the pressure drop; however, because the leakage flow is small, the water pump will pressurize for a short time and then meet the shutdown conditions, and then automatically shut down. This will result in repeated start-stop of the water pump, causing frequent start-stop failure of the water pump.

[0004] Currently, the water circulation system is not equipped with a dedicated online water circuit leakage monitoring device, which leads to: (1) The leakage defect cannot be identified and alarmed by the system in real time. The fault runs in the dark for a long time, which directly leads to the continuous and frequent start and stop of the water pump, aggravating equipment wear and tear.

[0005] (2) In engineering, the operating power of water pumps is often used as the basis for determining shutdown. However, the operating conditions of pump sets corresponding to minor leaks have a high degree of overlap with the normal water use conditions of the system at low flow rates. At the same time, the power judgment threshold is affected by multiple factors such as differences in the consistency of water pump manufacturing and the aging and decay of equipment over long-term operation, making it difficult to determine accurate parameters. If the threshold is set too high, it is easy to misjudge leaks and trigger false alarms in the normal low flow water use scenario of the system. If the threshold is set too low, the actual leakage conditions will be missed due to differences in the performance and aging of individual water pumps. Therefore, the probability of misjudgment and missed judgment based on the operating power method is too high.

[0006] A search revealed patent number CN119053841A, published on September 14, 2023, which discloses a method and system for detecting leaks in a fluid system. The method for detecting leaks in a fluid system includes: a) receiving multiple measured pressure values ​​of fluid pressure in the fluid system measured at different time points; b) calculating a first pressure gradient based on the received pressure values, the first pressure gradient indicating the gradient of the measured pressure values ​​at a first time point; c) calculating a second pressure gradient based on the received pressure values, the second pressure gradient indicating the gradient of the measured pressure values ​​at a second time point later than the first time point, wherein the fluid pressure in the fluid system at the first time point is higher than the fluid pressure in the fluid system at the second time point; d) comparing the magnitude of the second pressure gradient with the magnitude of the first pressure gradient, and detecting the presence of a leak in response to the magnitude of the second pressure gradient being less than the magnitude of the first pressure gradient, wherein the second pressure gradient indicates the gradient of the measured pressure values ​​at the second time point, and the first pressure gradient indicates the gradient of the measured pressure values ​​at the first time point.

[0007] This application detects leaks by comparing pressure gradients at different points in time within a fluid system and utilizing the amplitude relationship between two detected pressure gradients, relying solely on pressure signals for detection. However, this application, which relies solely on pressure signals and compares pressure gradients at different times within the fluid system to achieve leak detection based on the amplitude relationship between two sets of gradients, is prone to misjudging minute leaks and small daily water flow. Summary of the Invention

[0008] 1. The technical problem that the invention aims to solve To address the problem of frequent erroneous start-stops of water pumps when there are minor leaks in existing water pump pipelines and pump bodies, this invention provides a water pump and a leak detection method. This invention can effectively distinguish between minor leaks in water pump pipelines and pump bodies and normal water use conditions, reduce ineffective start-stops of water pumps, further save water pump energy consumption, and extend the service life of water pumps.

[0009] 2. Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A water pump leakage detection method of the present invention includes: The pump output pressure is used as the basis for determining the pump start-up and shutdown conditions, and the pump periodic start-up and shutdown timing data are continuously collected. Real-time monitoring of the water pump output pressure; when the pressure change meets the preset trigger conditions, the preset leakage judgment process is initiated. The leakage determination process involves comparing the consistency of multiple sets of pump start-up and shutdown timing data, and finally determining whether there is a leakage fault in the pump and pipeline system based on the comparison results of the start-up and shutdown timing data.

[0010] Furthermore, in the process of using the pump output pressure as the basis for determining the pump start-up and shutdown conditions and collecting periodic start-up and shutdown timing data of the pump, the pump output pressure is collected in real time during the pump operation phase. When the output pressure is detected to be stably maintained at the set target pressure and the stability duration meets the preset observation duration requirement, the pump speed is controlled to be reduced, and the target pressure is subjected to multiple phased downward disturbance operations within a specified time. The actual output pressure is collected and compared synchronously to see if it follows the change. If the actual output pressure does not decrease synchronously with the lowered target pressure within the specified response time, the system controls the pump to stop. If the actual output pressure decreases synchronously with the lowered target pressure within the specified response time, the pump is controlled to maintain its operating state.

[0011] Furthermore, in the process of using the pump output pressure as the basis for determining the pump start-up and shutdown conditions and collecting the periodic start-up and shutdown timing data of the pump, the pump output pressure is continuously monitored in real time when the pump is stopped. When the measured output pressure drops below the preset start-up pressure threshold, the pump automatically starts and pressurizes to the target pressure. After the pump output pressure rises back to the preset target pressure, the pump enters the shutdown and pressure-holding state again.

[0012] Furthermore, a difference is set between the preset start-up pressure threshold and the target pressure. The standard for setting this difference is: to take into account the user's normal water use experience, to ensure that the water pump can start quickly and provide the required water pressure when the user uses water; and to constrain the water pump shutdown interval, so as to avoid excessive shutdown time and prolong the leakage detection time.

[0013] Furthermore, the preset triggering condition for the pressure change is: detecting that the pressure at the output end of the water pump continuously decreases at a rate that reaches a set threshold within a short time interval, or that the rate of decrease fluctuates slightly around the set threshold.

[0014] Furthermore, the start-stop timing data includes the pump running time and the shutdown interval between adjacent start-stop cycles; the running time and shutdown interval are collected in segments by the built-in timer, and the average running time and the average shutdown interval within the specified period are calculated.

[0015] Furthermore, the step of performing periodic consistency comparison based on start-stop timing data includes: comparing the real-time collected runtime and corresponding shutdown interval with the average runtime and the average shutdown interval, respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific method for deviation comparison is as follows: collect the running time of each segment of the water pump and the shutdown interval time of each segment within a specified period, and calculate the average running time t_runAve and the average shutdown interval time t_stopAve within the specified period; then compare and analyze the subsequently collected running time t_run and the corresponding shutdown interval time t_stop with the average running time t_runAve and the average shutdown interval time t_stopAve within the specified period, respectively.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific method for the deviation comparison is as follows: take the real-time running time t_run and the stop interval time t_stop of the Nth cycle with N≥3, and compare them with the average running time t_runAve and the average stop interval time t_stopAve calculated for the previous N-1 cycles, and iterate to complete the comparison of the duration of each cycle.

[0018] Furthermore, the determination rule for the periodic consistency comparison is as follows: when the deviation of the current running time t_run relative to the average running time t_runAve is within the allowable threshold range, and the deviation of the corresponding stop interval duration t_stop relative to the average stop interval duration t_stopAve is within the allowable threshold range, it is determined that the pump start-stop cycle is consistent, the leakage fault counter count value is incremented by 1, and a leakage fault is reported when the cumulative count reaches the set threshold; if the deviation of either the real-time running time t_run or the stop interval duration t_stop exceeds the allowable threshold range, the fault counter is reset to zero and the leakage determination program is exited.

[0019] Furthermore, two types of leakage monitoring durations are configured: a first determination duration and a second determination duration. The first determination duration is 5 to 10 times the second determination duration. The first determination duration corresponds to a micro-leakage condition with no visible leakage, while the second determination duration corresponds to a low-flow liquid dripping condition. The leakage condition type is distinguished based on the monitoring duration corresponding to the obtained leakage determination result.

[0020] The present invention provides a water pump, wherein the water pump is configured with a pressure acquisition unit, a speed regulation unit, a timing acquisition unit, and a leakage determination and control unit, and the water pump performs the leakage detection method; The pressure acquisition unit is located at the output end of the water pump and is used to acquire the output pressure of the water pump in real time; the timing acquisition unit has a built-in timer and is used to acquire and count the running time and shutdown interval of each start-stop cycle in segments. The speed adjustment unit is used to dynamically adjust the operating speed of the water pump based on the real-time collected pressure value. The leakage detection and control unit receives pressure data from the pressure acquisition unit, duration statistics data from the timing acquisition unit, and speed data from the speed regulation unit, and generates leakage detection results and outputs fault alarm signals.

[0021] 3. Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages: (1) Given that the traditional scheme uses the power of operation to determine that the water pump should be stopped when it is below a set threshold and the pressure to determine that the water pump should be started when it is below a set threshold, the power of the water pump is low under the condition of low water flow, and the characteristics are very similar to those of a minor leak. This can easily cause the water pump to start and stop frequently and regularly, making it difficult to distinguish between normal water flow and leakage. This invention abandons the logic of determining the water pump to stop based on the power of operation. The water pump start and stop conditions are set by the pressure parameter throughout the process. The entire water pump start and stop control logic is based on the optimized pressure criterion. The start and stop timing data collected can truly distinguish between normal water flow and leakage. The minor leak and low water flow can be accurately identified by comparing the timing threshold range, which greatly reduces the probability of misjudgment.

[0022] (2) Given that when a water pump experiences a continuous minor leak, the leak will cause the pressure at the pump's output end to drop slowly, resulting in a periodic start-stop sequence; while normal water use relies on manual valve operation, and the pump's start-stop is not fixed, the pressure at the pump's output end can be stably maintained after the valve is closed, without triggering frequent start-stops. This invention utilizes the periodic start-stop characteristic of the water pump during minor leaks, and designs a matching timing discrimination rule to distinguish and identify the start-stop timing characteristics of normal water use and minor leaks. Based on the timing characteristics, leakage is determined. The algorithm is easy to implement, has a fast discrimination response speed, and provides accurate judgment results. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a start-stop sequence diagram of a water pump under leakage fault conditions. Figure 2 This is a logic diagram for determining leakage faults in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Example 1 This embodiment proposes a water pump leakage detection method to accurately determine whether the water pump is currently in a leaking state, addressing the issue of minor leaks in existing water pump pipelines and pump bodies.

[0026] From a control logic perspective, there is a fundamental difference between the leakage conditions of a water pump system and the conditions of human-induced water use: In the case of system leakage, the leakage is continuous and regular. Affected by the leakage, the output pressure of the water pump changes slowly. The water pump control system will determine that the downstream water valve has been closed and trigger automatic shutdown. However, after shutdown, due to the existence of leakage, the water pump pressure will drop to the pump start threshold after a period of time, prompting the water pump to start again, forming a periodic start-stop cycle.

[0027] In manual water use, the start and stop of water use are controlled by manual operation of valves, which is random and unpredictable. After the water valve is closed normally, the pressure in the closed pipeline can be maintained stably, which cannot meet the conditions for the water pump to start. The water pump will only start when the valve is not closed tightly or when the user resumes water use.

[0028] Based on the fundamental differences between leakage conditions and human-induced water use conditions, this embodiment proposes to determine whether a leak has occurred by analyzing the pump start-stop timing characteristics. In this detection scheme, whether the start-stop timing accurately reflects the leakage situation and effectively distinguishes between minor leaks and normal low-flow water use directly determines the accuracy of the leak detection results; while whether the start-stop timing data is representative of a leak depends primarily on the rationality of the pump start-stop control logic design.

[0029] To obtain pump start-up and shutdown timing data that characterizes leakage, this embodiment abandons the traditional control logic that relies on operating power to determine pump shutdown. Instead, it uses the pump output pressure as the sole criterion for start-up and shutdown. By using pressure as the only parameter for start-up and shutdown and setting clever start-up and shutdown control conditions, it ensures the effectiveness of leakage detection in the subsequently acquired start-up and shutdown timing data. The specific start-up and shutdown control logic settings are as follows: During the pump operation phase, the pump output pressure is continuously collected in real time. When the output pressure is detected to be stably maintained at the set target pressure and the stability time meets the preset observation time requirement, the system controls the pump to reduce the speed and performs a phased downward disturbance operation on the target pressure. This disturbance is not executed once, but is lowered multiple times within a specified time. At the same time, the actual output pressure is continuously collected and compared through the pressure sensor to see if it follows the change.

[0030] If the actual output pressure does not decrease synchronously with the adjusted target pressure within the specified response time, it is determined that there is no water demand at the downstream end of the pipeline, and the system issues a command to control the water pump to stop; if the actual output pressure decreases synchronously with the adjusted target pressure within the specified response time, it is determined that there is a continuous water demand at the downstream end of the pipeline, and the water pump maintains its operating state.

[0031] It's worth noting that the conventional approach of using pressure as the sole parameter for start-stop determination often involves stopping the pump as soon as the pressure reaches a set value. However, this makes it difficult to distinguish between normal pressure maintenance in the pipeline and continuous low-flow water usage. This embodiment, based on the pump's fluid characteristics and the internal check valve and pressure tank's pressure-maintaining structure, designs a pressure disturbance detection mechanism: When the water valve at the end of the fluid system pipeline is completely closed, the pressure within the sealed pipeline cavity is maintained by the pressure tank. Even if the pump's operating speed is reduced, causing the pressure provided by the pump to decrease relative to the target pressure, the pressure collected by the pump's output pressure sensor in real time will not decrease synchronously in a short period. Conversely, if the water valve at the end of the pipeline is open and water usage is occurring, the pipeline will continuously release pressure. In this case, reducing the pump's operating speed, causing the pressure provided by the pump to decrease relative to the target pressure, will cause the pressure collected by the pump's output pressure sensor in real time to decrease synchronously in a short period. Furthermore, in cases of minor leakage, since the pressure in the fluid system decreases continuously and slowly, the pump's output pressure will not decrease synchronously in a short period. Therefore, by repeatedly reducing the rotation speed and performing phased downward disturbance operations on the target pressure, and monitoring whether the actual pressure changes accordingly, the water pump can be started when there is normal water demand, and directly controlled to stop when there is no water demand (including minor leakage conditions). This provides a reliable foundation for subsequent collection of start-up and shutdown timing data that can accurately distinguish between minor leakage and normal water use.

[0032] When the water pump is in the shutdown and pressure holding state, the system continuously monitors the water pump output pressure in real time. When the measured output pressure drops below the preset start pressure threshold, the water pump automatically starts and pressurizes to the target pressure. After the water pump output pressure rises back to the preset target pressure, the water pump stops running and re-enters the shutdown and pressure holding state.

[0033] The aforementioned preset start-up pressure threshold and target pressure interval have a certain difference. This difference is mainly determined based on the following criteria: 1. This difference must take into account the user's normal water usage experience and ensure that the water pump can start quickly and provide the required water pressure when the user uses water; 2. Since pipeline leaks will cause the water pump to continuously and slowly decrease in pressure during the pressure holding phase after shutdown, this difference is needed to effectively constrain the water pump shutdown interval to avoid excessively long shutdown time, which would lead to a longer time for the entire leak detection and reduce the timeliness of the leak detection alarm.

[0034] The target pressure mentioned in this embodiment refers to the target water supply pressure preset by the control system during the operation of the water pump. When the pressure at the output end of the water pump reaches the target water supply pressure, the water demand of the fluid system can be met.

[0035] On the other hand, considering that the pressure at the pump output end will drop instantly if it is a manual water intake operation, this embodiment sets the start trigger condition for the leakage detection program. The leakage detection program will only be started when the pressure is detected to drop continuously at a specific rate (e.g., 0.1 m / s) or fluctuates slightly around a specific value within a short period of time (e.g., 5 seconds).

[0036] This embodiment divides leakage conditions into two categories, corresponding to two different judgment durations: a first judgment duration and a second judgment duration. The first type of leakage condition is a slow, minute leakage condition with no visible water leakage. This condition is usually a gas leakage condition. Under this leakage condition, the pressure drop rate is extremely low, and the system needs to go through the first judgment period before it can be determined whether there is a leakage. The second type of leakage condition is the dripping condition. In this condition, the leakage flow rate is low. During the test, a single drop of leaking liquid can usually be observed every few seconds. The system needs to go through a second judgment period before it can be determined whether a leak exists.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first determination time is set to be 5 to 10 times the second determination time. The system adopts a unified leakage discrimination logic within the monitoring period of the two determination times. Based on the monitoring time corresponding to the obtained leakage determination result, the leakage condition type is distinguished. That is, if the leakage determination result is obtained within the first determination time, it corresponds to the first type of leakage condition, which is a slow micro-leak without visible water seepage, mostly caused by gas leakage. If the leakage determination result is obtained within the second determination time, it corresponds to the second type of leakage condition, which is a dripping condition with a small leakage flow.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a start-stop sequence diagram for a water pump under leakage fault conditions, refer to... Figure 1 Operating sequence: At time t0, the pump output pressure is lower than the starting pressure threshold, triggering the pump to start. During the time interval t0-t1, the pump continues to operate. If there is a leak in the pump output circuit, the pump stops at time t1 according to the preset shutdown control logic. Due to continuous leakage, the pump output pressure drops back below the starting pressure threshold at time t2, and the pump starts again. Subsequent cycles exhibit a periodic start-stop characteristic of starting at time t2, stopping at time t3, starting at time t4, stopping at time t5, and so on.

[0039] The pump start-up and shutdown actions are autonomously executed by its own control logic as described above. The built-in timer can accurately calculate the runtime and stop interval of a single cycle. The system collects the pump runtime in segments t0~t1, t2~t3, t4~t5… and calculates the average runtime t_runAve within a specified cycle; simultaneously, it collects the stop interval duration for each segment t1~t2, t3~t4… and calculates the average stop duration t_stopAve within a specified cycle.

[0040] If the pump output pressure is detected to be continuously decreasing at a rate reaching a set threshold (e.g., 0.1 m / s) within a short time interval (e.g., 5 seconds), or the rate of decrease fluctuates slightly around this threshold, the system automatically enters the leakage detection process. The detection process uses two time-series discrimination algorithms: First, after entering the leakage detection process, the system first collects the pump's single-run duration and single-stop interval duration within a specified period, and calculates the average run duration t_runAve and the average stop interval duration t_stopAve within that specified period; then, the subsequently collected single-segment run duration t_run and corresponding single-segment stop interval duration t_stop are compared and analyzed with the aforementioned averages. Second, the system collects the pump's single-cycle run duration and stop interval duration in real time; a periodic iterative comparison is performed: the real-time run duration and stop interval duration of the Nth period (N≥3) are compared with the previous N-1... The comparison logic compares the average duration of each cycle. For example, it compares the real-time runtime t_run of the third cycle with the average runtime t_runAve of the previous two cycles, and the downtime interval t_stop of the third cycle with the average downtime interval t_stopAve of the previous two cycles. Then, it compares the real-time runtime t_run of the fourth cycle with the average runtime t_runAve of the previous three cycles, and the downtime interval t_stop of the fourth cycle with the average downtime interval t_stopAve of the previous three cycles. This comparison logic can significantly shorten the time required to determine leakage faults.

[0041] The specific judgment logic is as follows: when the deviation of the current single-segment running time t_run (such as the t4~t5 period) from the average running time t_runAve within the specified period is within the allowable threshold (such as 10%), and the corresponding shutdown interval time t_stop (such as the t3~t4 period) from the average shutdown time t_stopAve within the specified period is within the allowable threshold (such as 10%), it is determined that the pump start-stop cycle pattern is consistent, and a leak is suspected, and the leak fault counter count value is incremented by 1; if either the real-time running time t_run (such as the t4~t5 period) or the shutdown interval time t_stop (such as the t3~t4 period) exceeds the deviation within the allowable threshold (such as 10%), the fault counter is reset to zero. After the fault counter is cleared, the current judgment program will exit and terminate directly. The system will only re-enter the leakage judgment process when it detects a suspected leakage condition again, i.e., when the pressure at the pump output end drops continuously within a short period of time (e.g., 5s) at a rate that reaches a set threshold (e.g., 0.1m / s), or when the rate of pressure drop fluctuates slightly around the threshold.

[0042] The system supports custom fault detection cycles. Within the set monitoring period, if the cumulative count of leakage faults reaches a preset judgment threshold, the system will report a pipeline leakage fault. The relevant judgment logic is as follows: Figure 2 .

[0043] To verify the ability of the aforementioned control logic to distinguish between normal water use conditions and minor leakage conditions, this embodiment conducts a verification experiment. The experiment uses a flow sensor to synchronously collect flow data, and the flow discrimination intervals for the two types of conditions are pre-defined: pipeline medium velocity > 0.05m. 3 When the flow rate is / h, the pipeline medium exhibits continuous flow, which is considered normal water use by the user and not a leak; the pipeline medium flow velocity is <0.015m / h. 3 When the flow rate is / h, the medium only shows a slight seepage or dripping pattern with no visible water flow, which is determined to be a minor leak in the system. The test results prove that the control logic has excellent discrimination performance, and the measured and collected time series data meets the flow characteristics corresponding to minor leaks.

[0044] Example 2 This embodiment provides a water pump, which is equipped with a pressure acquisition unit, a speed regulation unit, a timing acquisition unit, and a leakage determination and control unit. The water pump executes the leakage detection method described in Embodiment 1. The pressure acquisition unit is located at the output end of the water pump and is used to acquire the output pressure of the water pump in real time; the timing acquisition unit has a built-in timer and is used to acquire and count the running time and shutdown interval of each start-stop cycle in segments. The speed adjustment unit is used to dynamically adjust the operating speed of the water pump based on the real-time collected pressure value. The leakage detection and control unit receives pressure data from the pressure acquisition unit, duration statistics data from the timing acquisition unit, and speed data from the speed regulation unit, and generates leakage detection results and outputs fault alarm signals.

[0045] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention, and are not actually limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting water pump leakage, characterized in that, include: The pump output pressure is used as the basis for determining the pump start-up and shutdown conditions, and the pump periodic start-up and shutdown timing data are continuously collected. Real-time monitoring of the water pump output pressure; when the pressure change meets the preset trigger conditions, the preset leakage judgment process is initiated. The leakage determination process involves comparing the consistency of multiple sets of pump start-up and shutdown timing data, and finally determining whether there is a leakage fault in the pump and pipeline system based on the comparison results of the start-up and shutdown timing data.

2. The method for detecting water pump leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of using the pump output pressure as the basis for determining the pump start-up and shutdown conditions and collecting periodic start-up and shutdown timing data of the pump involves real-time acquisition of the pump output pressure during the pump operation phase. When the output pressure is detected to be stably maintained at the set target pressure and the stability duration meets the preset observation duration requirement, the pump speed is controlled to decrease. The target pressure is subjected to multiple phased downward disturbance operations within a specified time, and the actual output pressure is continuously collected and compared to see if it follows the change. If the actual output pressure does not decrease synchronously with the lowered target pressure within the specified response time, the system controls the pump to stop. If the actual output pressure decreases synchronously with the lowered target pressure within the specified response time, the pump is controlled to maintain its operating state.

3. A method for detecting water pump leakage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the process of using the pump output pressure as the basis for determining the pump start-up and shutdown conditions and collecting the periodic start-up and shutdown timing data of the pump, the pump output pressure is continuously monitored in real time when the pump is stopped. When the measured output pressure drops below the preset start-up pressure threshold, the pump automatically starts and pressurizes to the target pressure. After the pump output pressure rises back to the preset target pressure, the pump enters the shutdown and pressure-maintaining state again.

4. The method for detecting water pump leakage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset start-up pressure threshold and the target pressure are set with a difference. The standard for setting this difference is: to take into account the user's normal water use experience, to ensure that the water pump can start quickly and provide the required water pressure when the user uses water; and to constrain the water pump shutdown interval to avoid excessive shutdown time from prolonging the leakage detection time.

5. The method for detecting water pump leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset triggering condition for the pressure change is: the pressure at the output end of the water pump is detected to continuously decrease at a rate that reaches a set threshold within a short time interval, or the rate of decrease fluctuates slightly around the set threshold.

6. The method for detecting water pump leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The start-stop timing data includes the pump running time and the shutdown interval between adjacent start-stop cycles. The running time and shutdown interval are collected in segments by the built-in timer, and the average running time and shutdown interval within the specified period are calculated.

7. The method for detecting water pump leakage according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of comparing the consistency of the timing cycle based on the collected multiple sets of pump start-stop timing data includes: comparing the real-time collected running time and corresponding shutdown interval with the average running time and the average shutdown interval, respectively.

8. The method for detecting water pump leakage according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific method for deviation comparison is as follows: collect the running time of each segment of the water pump and the shutdown interval time of each segment within a specified period, and calculate the average running time t_runAve and the average shutdown interval time t_stopAve within the specified period; then compare and analyze the subsequently collected running time t_run and the corresponding shutdown interval time t_stop with the average running time t_runAve and the average shutdown interval time t_stopAve within the specified period, respectively.

9. A method for detecting water pump leakage according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific method for deviation comparison is as follows: take the real-time running time t_run and the stop interval time t_stop of the Nth cycle with N≥3, and compare them with the average running time t_runAve and the average stop interval time t_stopAve calculated for the previous N-1 cycles, and iterate to complete the comparison of the duration of each cycle.

10. A method for detecting water pump leakage according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that, The rule for determining the consistency of the cycle is as follows: when the deviation of the current running time t_run relative to the average running time t_runAve is within the allowable threshold range, and the deviation of the corresponding stop interval duration t_stop relative to the average stop interval duration t_stopAve is within the allowable threshold range, the pump start-stop cycle is determined to be consistent, the leakage fault counter count is incremented by 1, and a leakage fault is reported when the cumulative count reaches the set threshold; if the deviation of either the real-time running time t_run or the stop interval duration t_stop exceeds the allowable threshold range, the fault counter is reset to zero and the leakage determination program is exited.

11. The method for detecting water pump leakage according to claim 10, characterized in that, Two types of leakage monitoring durations are configured: a first determination duration and a second determination duration. The first determination duration is 5 to 10 times the second determination duration. The first determination duration corresponds to a micro-leakage condition with no visible leakage, while the second determination duration corresponds to a low-flow liquid dripping condition. The leakage condition type is distinguished based on the monitoring duration corresponding to the obtained leakage determination result.

12. A water pump, characterized in that, The water pump is equipped with a pressure acquisition unit, a speed regulation unit, a timing acquisition unit, and a leakage determination and control unit, and the water pump performs any of the leakage detection methods described in claims 1 to 11; The pressure acquisition unit is located at the output end of the water pump and is used to acquire the output pressure of the water pump in real time; the timing acquisition unit has a built-in timer and is used to acquire and count the running time and shutdown interval of each start-stop cycle in segments. The speed adjustment unit is used to dynamically adjust the operating speed of the water pump based on the real-time collected pressure value. The leakage detection and control unit receives pressure data from the pressure acquisition unit, duration statistics data from the timing acquisition unit, and speed data from the speed regulation unit, and generates leakage detection results and outputs fault alarm signals.

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