Blade of an impeller, impeller and water pump

Abstract

This application provides an impeller blade, an impeller, and a water pump. The blade includes a biomimetic coupled non-smooth structure, comprising multiple first recesses, multiple first protrusions, multiple second recesses, and multiple second protrusions. The multiple first recesses are arranged in a row along the width direction of the body and are located in the front section; the multiple first protrusions are arranged in a row along the width direction of the body and are located in the middle section; and the multiple second recesses and second protrusions are arranged in a row along the width direction of the body and are located in the rear section. The first recesses can reduce the frictional resistance between the fluid and the blade, reduce shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy, and weaken inlet vortex noise; the first protrusions can streamline the flow field, reduce fluid separation, improve fluid propulsion efficiency, and provide a basis for pressurization; the multiple second recesses and second protrusions can further reduce the vortex intensity in the flow channel, making the vortex distribution more uniform, while improving the kinetic energy conversion efficiency at the outlet, thus achieving both noise reduction and pressurization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of blades, impellers and pumps, and more particularly to blades of impellers, impellers and pumps. Background Technology

[0002] As the core equipment for fluid transportation, water pumps are widely used in many fields such as municipal water supply, industrial production, agricultural irrigation, and heating, ventilation and refrigeration. As the core working component of water pumps, the impeller's structural design directly determines the pump's boosting efficiency, operating noise level, and adaptability to operating conditions, making it a key element in water pump research and development and optimization.

[0003] In existing technologies, the design of water pump impellers has always faced a core technical bottleneck where noise reduction and pressurization are mutually constrained. Most structural optimization solutions in the industry are single-dimensional designs, which can only focus on achieving one of the functions of noise reduction or pressurization, making it difficult to achieve synergistic improvement of both. As a result, existing impellers generally have limited noise reduction effects and insufficient pressurization efficiency, which cannot meet the current dual requirements of high efficiency and low noise for water pumps in industrial production and civilian applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an impeller blade, an impeller, and a water pump that can simultaneously reduce noise and increase pressure.

[0005] This application provides a blade for an impeller, comprising a body and a biomimetic coupled non-smooth structure. The body includes a front section, a middle section, and a rear section. The front section is near the impeller's inlet, and the rear section is near the impeller's outlet. Along the length of the body, the middle section is located between the front section and the rear section. The biomimetic coupled non-smooth structure is disposed on the working surface of the body. The biomimetic coupled non-smooth structure includes a plurality of first recesses, a plurality of first protrusions, a plurality of second recesses, and a second protrusion. The plurality of first recesses are arranged in a row along the width direction of the body and are disposed in the front section. The plurality of first protrusions are arranged in a row along the width direction of the body and are disposed in the middle section. The plurality of second recesses and second protrusions are disposed in the rear section.

[0006] Furthermore, the plurality of second recesses are arranged in at least two rows along the length direction of the body portion, with the second boss located between two adjacent rows of second recesses.

[0007] Furthermore, the first recess is hemispherical; and / or, The first protrusion is shaped like a humpback whale nodule.

[0008] This application also provides an impeller, including a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, and a plurality of blades, wherein the blades are located between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate and are connected to both the front cover plate and the rear cover plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the blade includes multiple long blades and multiple short blades. Along the circumferential direction of the impeller, the multiple long blades and multiple short blades are spaced apart, and a flow channel is formed between adjacent long blades and short blades. The biomimetic coupling non-smooth structure is provided on the long blades and / or the short blades.

[0010] Furthermore, the long blades extend in a curved manner in all three spatial dimensions.

[0011] Furthermore, the impeller includes flow divider blades located within the flow channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the diverter blade includes a main body and an inlet edge disposed at the edge of the main body, the thickness of the inlet edge being less than the thickness of the main body; and / or, The inlet edge extends toward the water inlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the flow divider blades are offset from the suction surface of the flow channel to the pressure surface of the flow channel.

[0014] Further, the impeller includes a hub, the front cover includes a front extension surrounding the periphery of the hub, the front extension including an inner surface facing the hub, the inner surface being provided with a flexible damping coating; and / or, The rear cover plate includes a rear extension, the rear extension includes an inner arc surface, the blade is connected to the inner arc surface, and a flexible damping coating is provided on the inner arc surface.

[0015] Furthermore, the surface of the flexible damping coating is provided with microgrooves.

[0016] Furthermore, the hub is provided with an assembly hole for receiving the pump shaft of the water pump, and the impeller includes a washer located in the assembly hole, the washer being sleeved on the outside of the pump shaft.

[0017] This application also provides a water pump, including the impeller.

[0018] The blades in this embodiment include a biomimetic coupled non-smooth structure, which includes multiple first recesses, multiple first protrusions, multiple second recesses, and multiple second protrusions. When the impeller rotates, the fluid enters from the front section. The first recesses can reduce the frictional resistance between the fluid and the blades, reduce shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy, and weaken the inlet vortex noise. When the fluid flows through the middle section, the first protrusions can smooth the flow field, reduce fluid separation, improve fluid propulsion efficiency, and provide a basis for pressurization. A flow channel is formed between two adjacent blades. When the fluid flows to the rear section, the multiple second recesses and second protrusions can further reduce the vortex intensity in the flow channel, making the vortex distribution more uniform, while improving the kinetic energy conversion efficiency of the outlet, thus achieving both noise reduction and pressurization. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an impeller according to an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the impeller from another perspective; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the impeller is shown. Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the impeller after the front cover has been removed. Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the front extension shown.

[0020] Reference numerals: Front cover plate, 1; Front extension, 11; Inner surface, 111; Flexible damping coating, 112; Rear cover plate, 2; Inlet, 21; Outlet, 22; Rear extension, 23; Inner arc surface, 231; Blade, 3; Body, 31; Working surface, 310; Front section, 311; Middle section, 312; Rear section, 313; Bionic coupling non-smooth structure, 32; First recess, 321; First boss, 322; Second recess, 323; Second boss, 324; Flow channel, 33; Long blade, 34; Short blade, 35; Flow divider blade, 36; Main body, 361; Inlet edge, 362; Hub, 5; Assembly hole, 51. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments (or "implementations") of this application will be clearly and completely described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0022] If the embodiments of this application contain terms relating to directional indications or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom, center, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, counterclockwise, clockwise, axial, radial, circumferential, etc.), such terms are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movement of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figures); if the specific posture changes, the directional indications or positional relationships will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only for descriptive convenience and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] This application provides a water pump, including an impeller. See also... Figures 1 to 4The impeller includes a front cover plate 1, a rear cover plate 2, and multiple blades 3 fixedly disposed between the front cover plate 1 and the rear cover plate 2.

[0024] In one embodiment, the front cover plate 1, the rear cover plate 2, and multiple blades 3 are integrally formed to ensure the overall structural strength and sealing of the impeller, and to adapt to the high-speed rotation working conditions of the water pump.

[0025] In one embodiment, the blade 3 includes a body portion 31 and a biomimetic coupled non-smooth structure 32 disposed on the working surface 310 of the body portion 31. The working surface 310 is a working surface that is in direct contact with the fluid.

[0026] The main body 31 includes a front section 311, a middle section 312, and a rear section 313. The front section 311 is close to the water inlet 21 of the impeller, and the rear section 313 is close to the water outlet 22 of the impeller. Along the length of the main body 31, the middle section 312 is located between the front section 311 and the rear section 313.

[0027] The biomimetic coupled non-smooth structure 32 includes multiple first recesses 321, multiple first protrusions 322, multiple second recesses 323, and multiple second protrusions 324. The multiple first recesses 321 are arranged in a row along the width direction of the body portion 31 and are disposed in the front section 311, the multiple first protrusions 322 are arranged in a row along the width direction of the body portion 31 and are disposed in the middle section 312, and the multiple second recesses 323 and multiple second protrusions 324 are disposed in the rear section 313.

[0028] The first recess 321 reduces the frictional resistance between the fluid and the blade 3 at the inlet 21; the first protrusion 322 enables the orderly management of the flow field; the second recess 323 and the second protrusion 324 achieve the uniform dispersion of eddies as a design criterion, further optimizing the flow field state at the outlet 22.

[0029] When the impeller rotates, the fluid enters from the front section 311. The first recess 321 can reduce the frictional resistance between the fluid and the blades 3, reduce shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy, and weaken the inlet vortex noise. When the fluid flows through the middle section 312, the first boss 322 can reduce fluid separation and improve fluid propulsion efficiency, providing a basis for pressurization. A flow channel 33 is formed between two adjacent blades 3. When the fluid flows to the rear section 313, multiple second recesses 323 and second bosses 324 can further reduce the vortex intensity in the flow channel 33, making the vortex distribution more uniform, while improving the kinetic energy conversion efficiency of the outlet 22, taking into account both noise reduction and pressurization.

[0030] In one embodiment, the plurality of second recesses 323 are arranged in at least two rows along the length direction of the body portion 31, and the second boss 324 is located between two adjacent rows of second recesses 323. The number of second recesses 323 in a row may also be only one.

[0031] One or more second bosses 324 may be provided. Multiple second bosses 324 are arranged in a row along the width direction of the body portion 31.

[0032] In one embodiment, the first recess 321 is hemispherical, which can draw on the structural advantages of the dung beetle's carapace to better reduce the frictional resistance between the fluid and the blade, reduce shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy, and weaken the inlet vortex noise.

[0033] In one embodiment, the diameter of the first pit 321 is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm and less than or equal to 1.2 mm, and the center distance between two adjacent first pits 321 in a group is greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. This can maximize the structural advantages of the dung beetle carapace and reduce the frictional resistance between the fluid and the blade 3 at the water inlet 21.

[0034] In one embodiment, the first protrusion 322 is shaped like a humpback whale nodule. Utilizing the nodule effect, it can effectively manage the flow field, reduce fluid separation, improve fluid propulsion efficiency, and provide a basis for pressurization. The first protrusion 322 is generally hemispherical with a blunt, rounded shape. Its bottom smoothly transitions to the surface of the body 31, its outer edge is rounded without sharp edges, its base is wide and gently arches upwards, and its top is a curved surface. Multiple first protrusions 322 are discretely and independently arranged.

[0035] In one embodiment, the height of the first protrusion 322 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm, and the center-to-center distance between two adjacent first protrusions 6 in a group is greater than or equal to 4 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm, thereby achieving orderly flow field management by utilizing the nodule effect.

[0036] In one embodiment, the first boss 322 is arranged in multiple rows along the length direction of the blade 3.

[0037] In one embodiment, the diameter of the second recess 323 is smaller than the diameter of the first recess 321.

[0038] In one embodiment, the size of the second boss 324 is smaller than the size of the first boss 322.

[0039] In one embodiment, the plurality of blades 3 includes a plurality of long blades 34 and a plurality of short blades 35. The length of the short blades 35 is less than the length of the long blades 34. The plurality of long blades 34 and the plurality of short blades 35 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the impeller. The biomimetic coupled non-smooth structure 32 may be provided only on the long blades 34, or only on the short blades 35, or both the long blades 34 and the short blades 35 may have the biomimetic coupled non-smooth structure 32.

[0040] In one embodiment, the wrap angle of the long blade 34 is set to 165 degrees to 175 degrees. The long blade 34 adopts a three-dimensional twisted design, that is, the long blade 34 is curved and extended in three spatial dimensions. The exit angle of the long blade 34 is set to 13 degrees to 15 degrees. This design can effectively improve the work capacity of the long blade 34 for the fluid, allowing the fluid to obtain a more uniform kinetic energy boost in the flow channel, laying the foundation for optimizing the pressurization efficiency.

[0041] In this article, the wrap angle refers to the circumferential angle between the line connecting the midpoint of the inlet side of blade 3 to the center of the impeller and the line connecting the midpoint of the outlet side of blade 3 to the center of the impeller in a plane projection view perpendicular to the axis of impeller rotation.

[0042] In this article, the inlet edge is the leading edge of blade 3 near the hub (inner diameter side). The outlet edge is the trailing edge of blade 3 near the rim (outer diameter side).

[0043] In this article, the exit angle refers to the acute angle formed between the tangent direction of the rib line at the exit of blade 3 and the tangent direction of the impeller exit circumference in the impeller meridional plane or a radial plane perpendicular to the impeller rotation axis.

[0044] In one embodiment, the wrap angle of the short blade 35 is set to 165 degrees to 175 degrees.

[0045] A flow channel 33 is formed between adjacent long blades 34 and short blades 35. The impeller includes a flow-diverting blade 36 located within the flow channel 33. The flow-diverting blade 36 is fixed to the rear cover plate 2. The flow-diverting blade 36 may also be fixed to both the front cover plate 1 and the rear cover plate 2.

[0046] In one embodiment, the flow divider blade 36 is located in the middle of the flow channel 33.

[0047] In one embodiment, the flow divider 36 includes a main body 361 and an inlet edge 362 disposed at the edge of the main body 361. The thickness of the inlet edge 362 is less than the thickness of the main body 361. In one embodiment, the thickness of the inlet edge 362 is 0.4 times the thickness of the main body 361, which can reduce the impact of fluid entering the flow channel 33 on the flow divider 36, and reduce impact noise and flow field turbulence.

[0048] In one embodiment, the inlet edge 362 extends toward the inlet 21, which can reduce the impact of fluid entering the flow channel 33 on the flow divider blade 36, thereby reducing impact noise and flow field turbulence.

[0049] In one embodiment, the flow divider 36 is offset from the suction surface of the flow channel 33 to the pressure surface of the flow channel 33, which can reduce the impact of fluid entering the flow channel 33 on the flow divider 36 and reduce impact noise and flow field turbulence.

[0050] In one embodiment, the splitter vane 36 is offset 5 degrees to 8 degrees from the suction surface of the flow channel 33 towards the pressure surface of the flow channel 33. That is, the connection of the splitter vane 36 to the rear cover plate 2 is closer to the working surface 310 of the vane 3.

[0051] In one embodiment, the length of the splitter vane 36 is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the length of the long vane 34.

[0052] Refer Figure 1 to Figure 5 and, in one embodiment, the impeller includes a hub 5, and the front cover plate 1 includes a front extension 11. The front extension 11 surrounds the periphery of the hub 5. The front extension 11 includes an inner surface 111 facing the hub 5. A flexible damping coating 112 is provided on the inner surface 111. The flexible damping coating 112 absorbs the vibration noise generated by the rotation of the impeller and suppresses the gap vortex noise.

[0053] In one embodiment, the rear cover plate 2 includes a rear extension 23, and the rear extension 23 is located in the inlet direction of the volute. In one embodiment, the rear extension 23 is an arc structure, and its inner arc surface 231 is connected to the vane 3. In one embodiment, the inner arc surface 231 is connected to both the long vane 34 and the short vane 35, and the inner arc surface 231 is precisely tangent to the outlet edge profile of the long vane 34 and the short vane 35, ensuring a smooth transition of the fluid from the inlet of the volute to the water inlet 21.

[0054] In one embodiment, the splitter vane 36 is fixed to the rear extension 23.

[0055] In one embodiment, a flexible damping coating 112 is provided on the inner arc surface 231. The flexible damping coating 112 can be provided only on the inner surface 111, or only on the inner arc surface 231, or on both the inner surface 111 and the inner arc surface 231.

[0056] In one embodiment, the arc radius of the rear extension 23 is adaptively adjusted according to the specific speed of the impeller, satisfying the following formula: In the formula: D2a is the diameter of the rear cover plate 2; x2 is the abscissa of the center of the arc of the rear cover plate 2; y2 is the ordinate of the center of the arc of the rear cover plate 2. The angle between the rear extension 23 and the horizontal direction is set to be greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18 times the angle between the outlet edge of the rear extension 23 and the axis. Through this parameter design, it is ensured that the rear extension 23 is seamlessly and smoothly connected to the inlet of the volute, reducing the fluid disturbance at the gap.

[0057] In one embodiment, the flexible damping coating 112 is provided on the inner surface 111 by means of high-temperature bonding.

[0058] In one embodiment, the thickness of the flexible damping coating 112 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm. In another embodiment, the flexible damping coating 112 is made of a composite material of nitrile rubber and graphene, which has both good vibration absorption performance and wear resistance, and is suitable for the long-term operation requirements of water pumps.

[0059] In one embodiment, the surface of the flexible damping coating 112 is provided with grooves (not shown). In one embodiment, the width of the grooves is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm, and the depth is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.3 mm. In one embodiment, the grooves are uniformly distributed in a mesh pattern on the surface of the damping coating.

[0060] In one embodiment, the hub 5 has an assembly hole 51 for receiving the pump shaft (not shown). The impeller includes a washer (not shown) located within the assembly hole 51. The washer is fitted onto the outside of the pump shaft.

[0061] In one embodiment, the gasket is made of elastic rubber and is fitted onto the outside of the pump shaft, fitting tightly against the impeller hub.

[0062] In one implementation, the impeller design point is selected as the off-center operating point, which is greater than or equal to 65% and less than or equal to 70%. Combined with the optimization of various parameters such as blade wrap angle, outlet angle and flow divider blade 36, the high-efficiency operating range of the impeller is greatly expanded. It can adapt to the use requirements of water pumps under various operating conditions such as rated operating conditions and off-center operating conditions, and avoid the performance degradation problem caused by single operating condition design.

[0063] When the impeller of this application is working, the impeller rotates and the fluid enters from the front section 311 of the blade 3. The first recess 321 can structurally reduce the frictional resistance between the fluid and the blade 3, reduce shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy, and weaken the inlet vortex noise. When the fluid flows through the middle section 312 of the blade 3, the first boss 322 can sort out the flow field, reduce fluid separation, improve fluid propulsion efficiency, and provide a basis for pressurization. When the fluid flows to the rear section 313 of the blade 3, the second recess 323 and the second boss 324 can further reduce the vortex intensity in the flow channel 33, make the vortex distribution more uniform, and at the same time improve the kinetic energy conversion efficiency of the fluid outlet, taking into account both noise reduction and pressurization.

[0064] In this application, multiple long blades 34 and multiple short blades 35 are arranged at intervals to form a basic flow channel 33. The three-dimensionally twisted long blades 34 enhance the fluid's work capacity. The flow-dividing blades 36 in the middle of the flow channel divide the large eddy into small eddy, reducing eddy impact noise and pressure pulsation noise generated by dynamic and static interference. At the same time, the offset and thinning design of the flow-dividing blades 36 reduces fluid impact. The long blades 34, short blades 35 and flow-dividing blades 36 work together to propel the fluid, improving the fluid pressurization efficiency. Furthermore, the flow channel parameters designed for off-duty conditions expand the impeller's high-efficiency working range, ensuring stable performance under off-duty conditions.

[0065] The rear extension 23 of this application is smoothly connected to the volute inlet, which greatly reduces fluid leakage at the gap between the rear cover plate 2 and the volute and improves the boosting efficiency.

[0066] The flexible damping coating 112 on the inner surface of the front extension 11 of this application absorbs the vibration noise generated by the impeller rotation. The micro-grooves on the surface of the flexible damping coating 112 further smooth the fluid flow field at the gap and suppress the gap eddy noise.

[0067] The gasket design in this application reduces the transmission of mechanical vibration and further reduces mechanical noise.

[0068] It should be noted that the technical solutions or features described in the above embodiments can be combined or supplemented with each other without conflict. The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the precise structures described in the above embodiments and shown in the accompanying drawings; all modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A blade of an impeller, characterized in that include: The main body includes a front section, a middle section and a rear section. The front section is close to the water inlet of the impeller, the rear section is close to the water outlet of the impeller, and the middle section is located between the front section and the rear section along the length direction of the main body. A biomimetic coupled non-smooth structure is disposed on the working surface of the main body. The biomimetic coupled non-smooth structure includes a plurality of first recesses, a plurality of first protrusions, a plurality of second recesses and second protrusions. The plurality of first recesses are arranged in a row along the width direction of the main body and are disposed in the front section. The plurality of first protrusions are arranged in a row along the width direction of the main body and are disposed in the middle section. The plurality of second recesses and second protrusions are disposed in the rear section.

2. The blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of second recesses are arranged in at least two rows along the length direction of the body portion, and the second boss is located between two adjacent rows of second recesses.

3. The blade according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first recess is hemispherical; and / or, The first protrusion is shaped like a humpback whale nodule.

4. An impeller, characterized in that, It includes a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, and a plurality of blades as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the blades are located between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate and are connected to both the front cover plate and the rear cover plate.

5. The impeller according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blade includes multiple long blades and multiple short blades. Along the circumferential direction of the impeller, the multiple long blades and multiple short blades are spaced apart, and a flow channel is formed between adjacent long blades and short blades. The biomimetic coupling non-smooth structure is provided on the long blades and / or the short blades.

6. The impeller according to claim 5, characterized in that, The long blades are curved and extended in all three spatial dimensions.

7. The impeller according to claim 5, characterized in that, The impeller includes flow divider blades located within the flow channel.

8. The impeller according to claim 7, characterized in that, The diverter blade includes a main body and an inlet edge disposed at the edge of the main body, wherein the thickness of the inlet edge is less than the thickness of the main body; and / or, The inlet edge extends toward the water inlet.

9. The impeller according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flow divider blades are offset from the suction surface of the flow channel to the pressure surface of the flow channel.

10. The impeller according to claim 4, characterized in that, The impeller includes a hub, and the front cover includes a front extension that surrounds the periphery of the hub. The front extension includes an inner surface facing the hub, and a flexible damping coating is provided on the inner surface. And / or, The rear cover plate includes a rear extension, the rear extension includes an inner arc surface, the blade is connected to the inner arc surface, and a flexible damping coating is provided on the inner arc surface.

11. The impeller according to claim 10, characterized in that, The surface of the flexible damping coating is provided with micro-grooves.

12. The impeller according to claim 10, characterized in that, The hub is provided with an assembly hole for receiving the pump shaft of the water pump, and the impeller includes a washer located in the assembly hole, the washer being sleeved on the outside of the pump shaft.

13. A water pump, characterized in that, Includes the impeller as described in any one of claims 4 to 12.

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