A spline shaft

Abstract

This invention discloses a splined shaft, relating to the field of splined shaft technology, and solves the problem of axial movement of gears mounted on the outer side of a splined shaft. The splined shaft includes a torque shaft; a center-aligned guide bearing structure disposed on the outer side of the torque shaft; multiple variable-speed transmission gears sleeved on the outer side of the center-aligned guide bearing structure; and an edge-pressing positioning structure threaded to the outer side of the variable-speed transmission gears, with the side of the edge-pressing positioning structure abutting against the variable-speed transmission gears. This invention eliminates axial movement of the variable-speed transmission gears during rotational transmission, resulting in higher transmission rigidity and positioning accuracy. It also reduces wear on the variable-speed transmission gears under impact, extending the service life of the variable-speed transmission gears and the splined shaft teeth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spline shaft technology, specifically to a spline shaft. Background Technology

[0002] A splined shaft is a component used in mechanical transmissions. Its main function is to transmit torque while allowing the shaft and rotating parts to rotate synchronously during power transmission. Splined shafts can be connected to gearbox shift gears, serving as a transmission component in the gearbox.

[0003] In existing methods of transmitting mechanical rotational force, splined shafts typically use a drive source to rotate the splined shaft, thereby enabling the rotation of gears mounted on the outside of the splined shaft. However, during high-speed rotation of the splined shaft, the axial clearance of the gears can cause fretting wear, and the splined tooth sides of the gears can easily be worn into steps. This can lead to axial movement of the gears mounted on the outside of the splined shaft, resulting in low gear transmission rigidity and positioning accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spline shaft to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a splined shaft, comprising: a torque shaft; a center-aligned guide bearing structure disposed on the outer side of the torque shaft, wherein a plurality of speed-changing transmission gears are sleeved on the outer side of the center-aligned guide bearing structure, and the outer side of the speed-changing transmission gears abuts against an edge-pressing positioning structure threadedly connected to the outer side of the torque shaft, and the side of the edge-pressing positioning structure abuts against the speed-changing transmission gears.

[0007] The intermediate alignment guide bearing structure includes: an assembly bearing assembly disposed on the outside of the torque shaft, side pressure components abutting on the left and right sides of the assembly bearing assembly, the side pressure components being threadedly connected to the outside of the torque shaft, the side pressure components being disposed on the inside of the edge extrusion positioning structure, a plurality of speed transmission gears being sleeved on the outside of the assembly bearing assembly, and an intermediate positioning component disposed on the outside of the torque shaft being installed at the internal center of the assembly bearing assembly, the intermediate positioning component abutting against the side of the speed transmission gear.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the torque shaft is recessed inward to form a concave portion, which is keyed to the output end of the drive source. Threaded portions are provided on the outer sides of both ends of the torque shaft, and the torque shaft is threadedly connected to the side pressure assembly and the edge extrusion positioning structure via these threaded portions.

[0009] The cross-sectional area of ​​the middle part of the torque shaft is larger than the cross-sectional areas of the left and right ends of the torque shaft. The top of the middle part of the torque shaft is provided with a mounting recess, and an assembly bearing assembly extending to the outside is installed inside the mounting recess.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the assembled bearing assembly includes:

[0011] An embedded metal rod is installed inside the mounting recess and fixed inside the torque shaft by screws, with the top portion of the embedded metal rod extending to the outside of the torque shaft.

[0012] An inner sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the torque shaft, and an insert is provided on one side of the inside, which matches the insert metal rod.

[0013] The outer arc-shaped portion is located on the outer side of the inner sleeve of the assembly. Guide balls are movably connected inside the outer arc-shaped portion, and an outer bearing component is connected to the outer side of the inner sleeve of the assembly via the guide balls.

[0014] The outer bearing component has side pressure components abutting on its left and right sides.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiple inner sleeves and outer bearing components are provided, with two adjacent outer bearing components abutting each other, and an intermediate positioning component is provided between two outer bearing components located in the middle portion.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer bearing component is provided with a protrusion on its exterior, and a plurality of protrusions are provided. The outer bearing component is slidably connected to the transmission gears through the protrusions on its outer side, and a metal washer is provided between two adjacent transmission gears.

[0017] The metal gasket is sleeved and fixed on the outside of the outer bearing component.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side pressure assembly includes:

[0019] A metal extrusion seat is threaded to the outside of the torque shaft via a threaded portion. The metal extrusion seat has a cup-shaped structure, and a side pressure protrusion is installed on the outside of the metal extrusion seat.

[0020] The side pressure protrusions are provided in multiple ways, and the side pressure protrusions abut against the side of the outer bearing component.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate positioning component includes:

[0022] An intermediate metal collar is sleeved on the outside of the torque shaft and abuts against the embedded metal rod. Multiple protrusions are installed on the outside of the intermediate metal collar.

[0023] An external metal threaded block is disposed on the outside of the intermediate metal collar. An isolation part is provided in the middle part of the external metal threaded block. Side pressure seats are threadedly connected to the left and right sides of the external metal threaded block, and the side pressure seats abut against the side of the transmission gear.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the edge extrusion positioning structure includes:

[0025] A positioning threaded block is threadedly connected to the outside of the torque shaft via a threaded portion. One side of the positioning threaded block is recessed outward, forming an embedding groove.

[0026] The positioning threaded block is connected to an umbrella-shaped extrusion seat via an embedded groove thread. The umbrella-shaped extrusion seat is located on the outside of the torque shaft and abuts against the side of the transmission gear, thereby providing lateral pressure limiting treatment for the position of the transmission gear.

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. In splined shafts, when connected to the transmission gears of a gearbox, a bidirectional side-pressure positioning design ensures that the gear teeth of the transmission gear and the splined shaft (outer bearing components and protrusions) are always in close contact in one direction. This eliminates axial movement of the transmission gear, preventing it from "wobbling back and forth" during frequent forward and reverse rotation or impact loads, resulting in higher transmission rigidity and positioning accuracy. Simultaneously, the appropriate preload provided by the side pressure ensures that the transmission gear remains in contact with the side of the shim, reducing impact and fretting wear, and extending the lifespan of the gear teeth and the splined shaft (outer bearing components and protrusions).

[0029] It should be noted that the spline shaft (outer bearing component and protrusion) of the present invention allows the speed transmission gear mounted on its outer side to have a certain distance of telescopic adjustment function, and can always be side-pressed for positioning after adjustment. The positioning of the speed transmission gear is flexible and convenient for subsequent maintenance and reassembly.

[0030] 2. In a splined shaft, when installing the bearing component on the outer side of the torque shaft, the bearing port portion sleeved on the outer side of the torque shaft can be subjected to side pressure treatment through the threaded metal extrusion seat and side pressure protrusion. This ensures the bearing structure installed on the outer side of the torque shaft, guaranteeing the firmness of the torque shaft and bearing installation and preventing slippage due to high-speed rotation and radial extrusion, thus ensuring the accuracy of the gear transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of the invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from the middle II-II' section;

[0036] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the entire assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the connection between the torque shaft and the assembly bearing of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the torque shaft and side pressure assembly of the present invention after they are connected;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the torque shaft and the intermediate alignment guide bearing structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the torque shaft and edge extrusion positioning structure of the present invention after connection;

[0042] In the picture:

[0043] 10. Torque shaft; 101. Recessed portion; 102. Threaded portion; 103. Assembly recess;

[0044] 20. Center-aligned guide bearing structure; 201. Bearing assembly assembly; 202. Side pressure assembly; 203. Center positioning assembly;

[0045] 2011, Embedded metal rod; 2012, Assembled inner collar; 2013, Embedded part; 2014, Outer arc-shaped part; 2015, Guide ball; 2016, Outer bearing component; 20161, Protrusion; 20162, Metal gasket;

[0046] 2021, Metal extrusion seat; 2022, Side pressure protrusion;

[0047] 2031. Intermediate metal collar; 2032. Outer protrusion; 2033. Outer metal threaded block; 2034. Isolation part; 2035. Side pressure seat;

[0048] 30. Gears for variable speed transmission;

[0049] 40. Edge extrusion positioning structure; 401. Positioning threaded block; 402. Embedded groove; 403. Umbrella-shaped extrusion seat. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] Please see Figures 1-9A splined shaft includes a torque shaft 10; a center-aligned guide bearing structure 20 disposed on the outside of the torque shaft 10, a plurality of variable transmission gears 30 sleeved on the outside of the center-aligned guide bearing structure 20, an edge pressing positioning structure 40 threadedly connected to the outside of the torque shaft 10 abutting the outside of the variable transmission gears 30, and the side of the edge pressing positioning structure 40 abutting the variable transmission gears 30; the center-aligned guide bearing structure 20 includes: a mounting bearing assembly 201 disposed on the outside of the torque shaft 10, side pressing assemblies 202 abutting on the left and right sides of the mounting bearing assembly 201, the side pressing assemblies 202 threadedly connected to the outside of the torque shaft 10, the side pressing assemblies 202 disposed on the inside of the edge pressing positioning structure 40, a plurality of variable transmission gears 30 sleeved on the outside of the mounting bearing assembly 201, and a center positioning assembly 203 disposed on the outside of the torque shaft 10 installed at the center of the mounting bearing assembly 201, the center positioning assembly 203 abutting the side of the variable transmission gears 30.

[0052] It should be noted that one end of the torque shaft 10 is recessed inward to form a concave portion 101. The concave portion 101 is keyed to the output end of the drive source. Threaded portions 102 are provided on the outer sides of the left and right ends of the torque shaft 10. The torque shaft 10 is threaded to the side pressure assembly 202 and the edge extrusion positioning structure 40 through the threaded portions 102. The cross-sectional area of ​​the middle part of the torque shaft 10 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the left and right ends of the torque shaft 10. An assembly recess 103 is provided at the top of the middle part of the torque shaft 10. An assembly bearing assembly 201 extending to the outer side is installed inside the assembly recess 103.

[0053] The working principle described above is as follows: When assembling multiple transmission gears 30, they are first installed on the outside of the bearing assembly 201 according to their installation positions. The side-pressure assembly 202 then positions the bearing assembly 201 to ensure stability during installation. After installation, the manually assembled intermediate positioning assembly 203 and edge-pressing positioning structure 40 press the gears together, pressing the edges inwards and the center outwards. This ensures the gears remain in contact with the torque shaft 10 in one direction, eliminating axial movement and improving transmission rigidity and positioning accuracy. Furthermore, keeping the gears in contact with the bearing assembly 201 reduces impact and fretting wear, extending their service life.

[0054] For details, please refer to the following: Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The bearing assembly 201 includes an embedded metal rod 2011, which is installed inside the mounting recess 103 and fixed inside the torque shaft 10 by screws. The top end of the embedded metal rod 2011 extends to the outside of the torque shaft 10. An inner sleeve 2012 is fitted on the outside of the torque shaft 10, and an embedded part 2013 is provided on one side of the inside, which matches the embedded metal rod 2011. An outer arc-shaped part 2014 is provided outside the inner sleeve 2012, and a guide ball 2015 is movably connected inside the outer arc-shaped part 2014. An outer bearing component 2016 is connected to the outside of the inner sleeve 2012 through the guide ball 2015. The left and right sides of the outer bearing component 2016 abut against the side pressure component 202.

[0055] In this scheme, multiple inner rings 2012 and outer bearing components 2016 are provided. Two adjacent outer bearing components 2016 abut against each other, and an intermediate positioning component 203 is provided between two outer bearing components 2016 located in the middle part.

[0056] In the splined shaft of the present invention, when assembling the transmission gear 30, the embedded metal rod 2011 is first installed into the mounting recess 103 inside the torque shaft 10 by screw installation, such that the top part of the embedded metal rod 2011 extends to the outside of the torque shaft 10, forming a protrusion. Then, based on the extended protrusion, the mounting inner collar 2012 is fitted and installed to achieve precise installation and positioning of the mounting inner collar 2012.

[0057] It should be noted that the inner collar 2012 and the outer bearing component 2016 can be installed and fixed with screws. When only transmission is required (not through the rotational transmission of the torque shaft 10), the outer bearing component 2016 can be movably positioned on the outside of the inner collar 2012 by removing the screws.

[0058] For details, please refer to the following: Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 The outer bearing component 2016 has a protrusion 20161 installed on its exterior. Several protrusions 20161 are provided. The outer bearing component 2016 is slidably connected to the transmission gear 30 through the protrusions 20161 provided on its outer side. A metal gasket 20162 is provided between two adjacent transmission gears 30.

[0059] In the splined shaft of the present invention, the protrusion 20161 (i.e., the spline portion) allows for the assembly of the transmission gear 30 mounted on the outside of the outer bearing component 2016, and enables the adjustment of the position of the transmission gear 30 on the outside of the outer bearing component 2016, thus achieving sliding adjustment of the position of the transmission gear 30. After the sliding adjustment is completed, the position of the transmission gear 30 can be positioned by assembling the metal shim 20162.

[0060] For details, please refer to the following: Figure 6 and Figure 7 The side pressure assembly 202 includes a metal extrusion seat 2021, which is threaded to the outside of the torque shaft 10 via a threaded portion 102. The metal extrusion seat 2021 is cup-shaped, and a side pressure protrusion 2022 is installed on the outside of the metal extrusion seat 2021. Multiple side pressure protrusions 2022 are provided, and the side pressure protrusions 2022 abut against the side of the outer bearing component 2016.

[0061] In the splined shaft of the present invention, when the position of the outer bearing component 2016 is installed and positioned, the side pressure protrusion 2022 installed on the side of the metal extrusion seat 2021 can be pressed against the side of the outer bearing component 2016 by means of threaded connection. The position of the outer bearing component 2016 is installed and positioned by extrusion, thereby achieving relative stability of the positions of the outer bearing component 2016 and the torque shaft 10.

[0062] For details, please refer to the following: Figure 4 and Figure 8 The intermediate positioning component 203 includes an intermediate metal collar 2031, which is sleeved on the outside of the torque shaft 10 and abuts against the embedded metal rod 2011. Multiple protrusions 2032 are installed on the outside of the intermediate metal collar 2031. An outer metal threaded block 2033 is disposed on the outside of the intermediate metal collar 2031. An isolation part 2034 is provided in the middle part of the outer metal threaded block 2033. Side pressure seats 2035 are threadedly connected to the left and right sides of the outer metal threaded block 2033 and abut against the side of the transmission gear 30.

[0063] In the splined shaft of the present invention, when the position of the transmission gear 30 is installed and positioned, the intermediate metal collar 2031 is first placed between the two inner mounting collars 2012, and the inner mounting collars 2012 limit the position of the intermediate metal collar 2031. Then, by rotating the side pressure seat 2035 outside the outer metal threaded block 2033, the transmission gear 30, which is against the side of the side pressure seat 2035, is compressed and limited, ensuring the stability of the position of the transmission gear 30.

[0064] For details, please refer to the following: Figure 9 The edge extrusion positioning structure 40 includes a positioning threaded block 401, which is threaded to the outside of the torque shaft 10 via a threaded portion 102. One side of the positioning threaded block 401 is recessed outward to form an embedding groove 402. The positioning threaded block 401 is threaded to an umbrella-shaped extrusion seat 403 via the embedding groove 402. The umbrella-shaped extrusion seat 403 is disposed on the outside of the torque shaft 10 and abuts against the side of the transmission gear 30, thereby providing lateral pressure limiting treatment for the position of the transmission gear 30.

[0065] In the spline shaft of the present invention, the umbrella-shaped extrusion seat 403 mounted on the side of the positioning thread block 401 is rotated by rotating the positioning thread block 401, thereby driving the umbrella-shaped extrusion seat 403 to rotate horizontally and perform side pressure positioning on the speed transmission gear 30 that abuts against the side of the umbrella-shaped extrusion seat 403.

[0066] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0067] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are merely simplified descriptions for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] Therefore, any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this invention, should be covered within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A spline shaft characterized by, include: Torque shaft (10); a center alignment guide bearing structure (20) is provided on the outside of the torque shaft (10), and a plurality of speed transmission gears (30) are sleeved on the outside of the center alignment guide bearing structure (20). The outside of the speed transmission gears (30) abuts against an edge extrusion positioning structure (40) threaded to the outside of the torque shaft (10), and the side of the edge extrusion positioning structure (40) abuts against the speed transmission gears (30). The intermediate alignment guide bearing structure (20) includes: an assembly bearing assembly (201) disposed on the outside of the torque shaft (10), with side pressure assemblies (202) abutting on the left and right sides of the assembly bearing assembly (201), the side pressure assemblies (202) being threadedly connected to the outside of the torque shaft (10), the side pressure assemblies (202) being disposed on the inside of the edge extrusion positioning structure (40), a plurality of speed transmission gears (30) being sleeved on the outside of the assembly bearing assembly (201), and an intermediate positioning assembly (203) disposed on the outside of the torque shaft (10) being installed at the center of the assembly bearing assembly (201), the intermediate positioning assembly (203) abutting on the side of the speed transmission gear (30).

2. A splined shaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein: One end of the torque shaft (10) is recessed inward to form a concave portion (101), which is keyed to the output end of the drive source. Threaded portions (102) are provided on the outer sides of both ends of the torque shaft (10). The torque shaft (10) is threaded to the side pressure assembly (202) and the edge extrusion positioning structure (40) respectively through the threaded portions (102). The cross-sectional area of ​​the middle part of the torque shaft (10) is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the left and right ends of the torque shaft (10). The top end of the middle part of the torque shaft (10) is provided with a mounting recess (103). An mounting bearing assembly (201) extending to the outside is installed inside the mounting recess (103).

3. A splined shaft as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The assembled bearing assembly (201) includes: An embedded metal rod (2011) is installed inside the mounting recess (103) and fixed inside the torque shaft (10) by screws, with the top portion of the embedded metal rod (2011) extending to the outside of the torque shaft (10). An inner sleeve (2012) is fitted on the outside of the torque shaft (10), and an insert (2013) is provided on one side of the inside, which matches the insert metal rod (2011). An outer arc-shaped portion (2014) is provided on the outside of the inner sleeve (2012) of the assembly. A guide ball (2015) is movably connected inside the outer arc-shaped portion (2014). An outer bearing component (2016) is connected to the outside of the inner sleeve (2012) through the guide ball (2015). The outer bearing component (2016) has side pressure components (202) abutting on its left and right sides.

4. A splined shaft as claimed in claim 3, wherein: Multiple inner sleeves (2012) and outer bearing components (2016) are provided. Two adjacent outer bearing components (2016) abut against each other, and an intermediate positioning component (203) is provided between two outer bearing components (2016) located in the middle part.

5. A splined shaft as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The outer bearing component (2016) is provided with a protrusion (20161) on its outside. The protrusion (20161) is provided in several ways. The outer bearing component (2016) is slidably connected to the transmission gear (30) through the protrusion (20161) provided on its outside. A metal gasket (20162) is provided between two adjacent transmission gears (30). The metal gasket (20162) is sleeved and fixed on the outside of the outer bearing component (2016).

6. A splined shaft as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The side pressure assembly (202) includes: Metal extrusion seat (2021), the metal extrusion seat (2021) is threaded to the outside of the torque shaft (10) via a threaded part (102), the metal extrusion seat (2021) is cup-shaped, and a side pressure protrusion (2022) is installed on the outside of the metal extrusion seat (2021). The side pressure protrusion (2022) is provided in multiple forms, and the side pressure protrusion (2022) abuts against the side of the outer bearing component (2016).

7. A splined shaft as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The intermediate positioning component (203) includes: An intermediate metal collar (2031) is sleeved on the outside of the torque shaft (10) and abuts against the embedded metal rod (2011). Multiple protrusions (2032) are installed on the outside of the intermediate metal collar (2031). An external metal threaded block (2033) is provided on the outside of the intermediate metal collar (2031). An isolation part (2034) is provided in the middle part of the external metal threaded block (2033). Side pressure seats (2035) are threadedly connected to the left and right sides of the external metal threaded block (2033). The side pressure seats (2035) abut against the side of the transmission gear (30).

8. A splined shaft as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The edge extrusion positioning structure (40) includes: A positioning threaded block (401) is threaded to the outside of the torque shaft (10) via a threaded portion (102). One side of the positioning threaded block (401) is recessed outward and forms an embedding groove (402). The positioning threaded block (401) is threadedly connected to the umbrella-shaped extrusion seat (403) through the embedded groove (402). The umbrella-shaped extrusion seat (403) is located on the outside of the torque shaft (10). The umbrella-shaped extrusion seat (403) abuts against the side of the transmission gear (30) and performs side pressure limiting treatment on the position of the transmission gear (30).

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