Friction plate for nuclear power plant

Abstract

This application relates to a friction plate for nuclear power equipment, comprising a substrate and a plurality of high-strength carbon pillars. A plurality of through holes are provided through the substrate. The through holes sequentially include a first through hole, a second through hole, and a third through hole from the bottom surface of the substrate upwards. The diameter of the first through hole is larger than that of the third through hole. The diameter of the second through hole decreases from the end closest to the first through hole to the end furthest from it, and the diameter of the second through hole is between the diameter of the third through hole and the diameter of the first through hole. The high-strength carbon pillars are embedded in the through holes, with one end of the high-strength carbon pillar protruding from the upper surface of the substrate through the third through hole. Thus, the combined action of the first, second, and third through holes restricts the displacement of the high-strength carbon pillars in the friction plate, preventing interference fit failure due to the large thermal expansion difference between the high-strength carbon pillars and the metal substrate under long-term variable temperature operating conditions, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the friction plate during its long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nuclear power equipment manufacturing technology, and in particular to friction plates for nuclear power equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In nuclear power equipment, self-lubricating friction plates are usually installed between the equipment and the support to cope with thermal expansion and contraction during reactor start-up and shutdown.

[0003] In related technologies, friction plates typically employ a combination of a metal substrate and a high-strength carbon self-lubricating cylinder (solid lubricant), which is fixed to the metal substrate in a blind hole in the cylinder via cold fitting. However, due to the significant difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion between the metal substrate and the high-carbon material, during long-term service over a wide temperature range (e.g., from room temperature to the maximum service temperature), thermal expansion and contraction can easily lead to a reduction or even loss of the interference fit, potentially causing the high-strength carbon cylinder to loosen or even detach, thus reducing the operational reliability of the friction plate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a friction plate for nuclear power equipment to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] This application provides a friction plate for nuclear power equipment, comprising:

[0006] A substrate has a plurality of through holes. The through holes include a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole connected in sequence from the bottom surface of the substrate upward. The diameter of the first through hole is larger than the diameter of the third through hole. The diameter of the second through hole decreases from the end closer to the first through hole to the end farther away from the first through hole. The diameter of the second through hole is between the diameter of the third through hole and the diameter of the first through hole.

[0007] Several high-strength carbon pillars are embedded in the through holes, and one end of the high-strength carbon pillar protrudes from the upper surface of the substrate through the third through hole.

[0008] In one embodiment, the substrate includes:

[0009] The first substrate has through holes disposed on it.

[0010] The second substrate is disposed on the side of the first substrate near the first through hole, and the second substrate is detachably connected to the first substrate.

[0011] In one embodiment, a first groove is provided on the bottom wall surface of the first substrate, the second substrate is engaged with the first groove, and the second substrate is detachably connected to the first substrate through a mounting member.

[0012] In one embodiment, the second substrate is provided with a second groove, the first substrate is engaged with the second groove, and the first substrate is detachably connected to the second substrate through a mounting and disassembling component.

[0013] In one embodiment, the end face of the first substrate is set as a first inclined surface, any two groove sidewalls in the second groove are set as second inclined surfaces, the second inclined surfaces fit with the first inclined surfaces, and the groove sidewalls adjacent to the second inclined surfaces in the second groove are surrounded by the first inclined surfaces to form a pressing groove, and a pressing strip is embedded in the pressing groove.

[0014] In one embodiment, a clamping member is provided on the side of the second substrate near the pressure bar.

[0015] In one embodiment, the clamping member includes a pressure plate, one end of which is fixed to a second substrate, and the other end of which is pressed against a pressure strip.

[0016] In one embodiment, a recessed groove is provided on the groove sidewall adjacent to the second inclined surface in the second groove, one end of the pressure plate is disposed in the recessed groove, the other end of the pressure plate extends toward the pressure strip and presses against the pressure strip, and the upper surface of the pressure plate is lower than the upper surface of the first substrate.

[0017] In one embodiment, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the pressure strip is greater than that of the first substrate and the second substrate.

[0018] In one embodiment, the mounting and disassembling component is a countersunk screw.

[0019] The aforementioned friction plate for nuclear power equipment includes a base plate and several high-strength carbon pillars. Several through holes are provided through the base plate. These through holes, sequentially arranged from the bottom surface of the base plate upwards, include a first through hole, a second through hole, and a third through hole. The diameter of the first through hole is larger than that of the third through hole. The diameter of the second through hole decreases from the end closest to the first through hole to the end furthest from it, and the diameter of the second through hole is between the diameter of the third through hole and the diameter of the first through hole. The high-strength carbon pillars are embedded within the through holes, with one end of the high-strength carbon pillar protruding from the upper surface of the base plate through the third through hole. Thus, the coordinated operation of the first, second, and third through holes restricts the displacement of the high-strength carbon pillars in the friction plate, preventing interference fit failure due to the large thermal expansion difference between the high-strength carbon pillars and the metal base plate under long-term variable-temperature operating conditions. This improves the safety and reliability of the nuclear power equipment during its long service life, thereby enhancing the operational reliability of the friction plate. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a friction plate for nuclear power equipment in some embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure obtained along section line AA;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a friction plate for nuclear power equipment in some other embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure obtained along the BB section line;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a friction plate for nuclear power equipment in some other embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure obtained along the CC section line;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship between the pressure strip, pressure plate, first substrate and second substrate in some embodiments of this application.

[0028] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0029] 1. First substrate; 11. First groove; 12. First inclined surface; 2. Second substrate; 21. Second groove; 22. Second inclined surface; 23. Pressing groove; 24. Submerged groove; 3. Through hole; 31. First through hole; 32. Second through hole; 33. Third through hole; 4. High-strength carbon column; 5. Pressing strip; 6. Pressing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," "vertical," and "horizontal," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixation," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element present.

[0034] With the development of nuclear energy technology, the application scenarios of nuclear energy are constantly expanding, and the requirements for safety and economy are also constantly increasing, which puts forward higher requirements for the research and development of nuclear power equipment.

[0035] During reactor startup and shutdown, nuclear power equipment expands and contracts due to temperature changes. Therefore, the equipment supports must not only bear the load but also allow for some displacement to release thermal expansion. However, the friction and wear caused by the reciprocating sliding of the equipment can affect the reliability and design life of the reactor. Therefore, friction plates need to be installed between the equipment and the supports to provide stable friction during the reactor's thermal expansion and contraction.

[0036] Self-lubricating friction plates combine the strength of metal with the self-lubricating properties of lubricants by embedding a special solid lubricant into a metal substrate. This results in excellent wear resistance, self-lubrication, and thermal conductivity, making them particularly suitable for equipment that requires long-term stable operation but is difficult to maintain. They are widely used in molds, mechanical bearings, and supports.

[0037] This type of friction plate has a low coefficient of friction and high strength. Structurally, in the nuclear power field, high-strength carbon self-lubricating cylinders are typically cold-fitted into a metal substrate with several cylindrical blind holes, and fixed by an interference fit with the blind holes on the metal substrate. However, the coefficient of thermal expansion of metal is generally higher than that of high-strength carbon, with a difference of more than two times. With the development of nuclear energy technology, the operating temperature range of nuclear power plants is constantly expanding, from room temperature to the maximum service temperature of nuclear power plants, typically spanning two to three hundred degrees Celsius. Such a wide temperature range operating environment and long service life requirements can easily lead to a reduction in the interference fit of the friction plate during operation, or even assembly failure, causing the high-strength carbon cylinders to loosen or even fall off, thus reducing the reliability of the friction plate.

[0038] To solve the above technical problems, refer to Figures 1 to 7 One embodiment of this application provides a friction plate for nuclear power equipment, including a substrate and a plurality of high-strength carbon pillars 4. A plurality of through holes 3 are provided through the substrate. The through holes 3 include, sequentially from the bottom surface of the substrate, a first through hole 31, a second through hole 32 and a third through hole 33. The diameter of the first through hole 31 is larger than the diameter of the third through hole 33. The diameter of the second through hole 32 decreases from the end near the first through hole 31 to the end away from the first through hole 31, and the diameter of the second through hole 32 is between the diameter of the third through hole 33 and the diameter of the first through hole 31. The high-strength carbon pillars 4 are embedded in the through holes 3, and one end of the high-strength carbon pillar 4 that passes through the third through hole 3 protrudes from the upper surface of the substrate.

[0039] The substrate can be made of high-strength alloy structural steel, with several through holes 3 evenly distributed on it. The first through hole 31 and the third through hole 33 are both cylindrical, with the diameter of the first through hole 31 being larger than that of the third through hole 33. The second through hole 32 is conical, with one end smoothly transitioning to the first through hole 31 and the other end smoothly transitioning to the third through hole 33. A high-strength carbon pillar 4 is cold-fitted into the through holes 3, with its lower end face flush with the lower surface of the substrate, its side face fitting against the through holes 3, and its upper end face protruding from the upper surface of the substrate according to the design requirements.

[0040] Specifically, during cold assembly (interference fit), the larger diameter of the first through hole 31 provides ample guiding space for the initial insertion of the high-strength carbon column 4, helping to reduce the difficulty of initial alignment during assembly. In addition, when the high-strength carbon column 4 tends to move downward during operation (such as relative movement caused by gravity, vibration, or thermal expansion difference), the high-strength carbon column 4 will contact the conical surface of the second through hole 32 and generate radial compression. The further downward it moves, the greater the radial compression force, thus forming a self-locking mechanism and preventing it from falling out of the hole. When the temperature rises, the expansion of the metal substrate causes the through hole 3 to become larger overall. However, due to the presence of the second through hole 32, even if the high-strength carbon column 4 sinks slightly, it will be supported and wedged back by the conical surface, rather than being completely unconstrained as in a traditional cylindrical hole. Under high-load reciprocating friction, the upper end of the high-strength carbon pillar 4 may expand radially due to plastic deformation. Therefore, by setting the diameter of the third through hole 33 to be smaller, it can constrain the upper end of the high-strength carbon pillar 4 to prevent it from expanding excessively and affecting adjacent pillars or becoming flush with the substrate surface, thereby always maintaining the convex state of the high-strength carbon pillar 4 to better achieve the friction function.

[0041] In this embodiment, the displacement of the high-strength carbon column 4 in the friction plate can be restricted by the cooperation of the first through hole 31, the second through hole 32 and the third through hole 33. This prevents the friction plate from failing due to the large thermal expansion difference between the high-strength carbon column 4 and the metal substrate under long-term variable temperature working environment, thereby improving the safety and reliability of nuclear power equipment during long-term service life, which helps to improve the working reliability of the friction plate.

[0042] Reference Figures 2 to 7 In some embodiments, the substrate includes a first substrate 1 and a second substrate 2, a through hole 3 is disposed on the first substrate 1, the second substrate 2 is disposed on the side of the first substrate 1 near the first through hole 31, and the second substrate 2 is detachably connected to the first substrate 1.

[0043] It is understandable that if the through hole 3 in this embodiment is processed on a traditional integrated substrate and the high-strength carbon pillar is cold-fitted, the high-strength carbon pillar 4 needs to be precisely pressed into the through hole 3 with a large length-to-diameter ratio from one end, which can easily cause skewing and jamming. Moreover, a lot of pressure is required during the cold-fitting process. For an integrated substrate, the force axis of the press must be strictly aligned with the through hole 3, and the overall stress on the substrate may cause deformation.

[0044] Therefore, in this embodiment, the substrate is configured to be assembled and combined, that is, the substrate is configured to be a first substrate 1 and a second substrate 2 that can be assembled and disassembled. During installation, the high-strength carbon column 4 can be sequentially passed through the third through hole 33, the second through hole 32 and the first through hole 31 from the bottom of the first substrate 1 to complete the initial assembly. Then, the second substrate 2 is assembled with the first substrate 1, which can improve the accuracy and flexibility of the installation of the high-strength carbon column 4 and make the manufacturing of the friction plate simpler.

[0045] Reference Figures 2 to 7 In some embodiments, a first groove 11 is provided on the bottom wall surface of the first substrate 1, the second substrate 2 is engaged with the first groove 11, and the second substrate 2 is detachably connected to the first substrate 1 through a mounting component.

[0046] The first groove 11 can communicate with the through hole 3. When the high-strength carbon pillar 4 is installed in the through hole 3, the bottom end of the high-strength carbon pillar 4 can abut against the second substrate 2. The mounting component can be a countersunk screw, etc.

[0047] Specifically, by embedding the second substrate 2 within the first groove 11, stable positioning of the second substrate 2 can be achieved. This allows the second substrate 2 to share the enormous axial pressure from the equipment load on the high-strength carbon column 4, thereby improving the overall load-bearing reliability and fatigue resistance of the friction plate. Furthermore, the high-strength carbon column 4 generates frictional heat during operation. In addition to conduction to the first substrate 1 via its sides, a new, direct, and efficient downward conduction path can be added, that is, conduction directly to the second substrate 2 through its bottom surface. This increases the heat dissipation area and improves heat dissipation efficiency.

[0048] Reference Figures 2 to 7 In some embodiments, the second substrate 2 is provided with a second groove 21, and the first substrate 1 is engaged with the second groove 21. The first substrate 1 is detachably connected to the second substrate 2 via a mounting / removing component. The mounting / removing component may be a countersunk screw, etc.

[0049] It is understood that the aforementioned combination of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 is in the form of an "upper-to-lower" arrangement, meaning that the first substrate 1 is the main load-bearing plate, and the second substrate 2 is an embedded base. In this embodiment, a second groove 21 is formed on the second substrate 2, and the first substrate 1 is fitted into the second groove 21. This is a "lower-to-upper" arrangement. In this arrangement, the second substrate 2 becomes the main load-bearing and mounting base, while the first substrate 1 is embedded therein as a top cover or insert. This design provides better protection against external forces for the first substrate 1. For example, during installation, maintenance, or accidental damage, the sides and corners of the first substrate 1 are physically protected by the second substrate 2 and are less prone to damage.

[0050] In addition, the second groove 21 can also provide guided constraint on the expansion of the first substrate 1. When the temperature rises, the first substrate 1 expands in the groove. Its lateral expansion is restricted by the groove wall, so the expansion is converted into a tighter clamping force on the high-strength carbon pillar 4 cone hole, thereby passively enhancing the bonding tightness between the high-temperature carbon pillar and the through hole 3 at high temperature.

[0051] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7In some embodiments, the end face of the first substrate 1 is set as a first inclined surface 12, and any two sidewalls of the second groove 21 are set as second inclined surfaces 22. The second inclined surface 22 fits with the first inclined surface 12. The sidewall of the groove adjacent to the second inclined surface 22 in the second groove 21 is surrounded by the first inclined surface 12 to form a pressing groove 23. A pressing strip 5 is embedded in the pressing groove 23.

[0052] In the second groove 21, two adjacent groove sidewalls are provided with second inclined surfaces 22. The other two adjacent groove sidewalls, that is, the groove sidewalls adjacent to the second inclined surfaces 22, may or may not be provided with inclined surfaces. When the groove sidewalls adjacent to the second inclined surfaces 22 in the second groove 21 are provided with inclined surfaces, the inclined surfaces may not fit with the first inclined surfaces 12 to form a pressing groove 23, that is, a certain installation space is reserved to accommodate the pressing strip 5. When the groove sidewalls adjacent to the second inclined surfaces 22 in the second groove 21 are not provided with inclined surfaces, the pressing groove 23 formed by the groove sidewalls and the first inclined surfaces 12 is a trapezoidal pressing groove. The cross-sectional shape of the pressing strip 5 matches the shape of the pressing groove 23, and the pressing strip 5 and the pressing groove 23 are fitted together.

[0053] Specifically, when the pressure strip 5 is subjected to force in the vertical direction, its horizontal expansion force acts on the inclined surface of the trapezoid, and this force generates a normal force perpendicular to its own inclined surface. This force can be decomposed into a pressing force pointing towards the inclined surface of the first substrate 1, and a force parallel to its own inclined surface that pushes the first substrate 1 more tightly towards the side of the second groove 21 that is already engaged with the inclined surface, i.e., a locking force. In other words, the higher the temperature, the more the pressure strip 5 expands, and the greater the locking force generated, thereby compensating for the slight slack between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 that may be caused by the increase in temperature.

[0054] In this embodiment, the cooperation between the pressure strip 5 and the pressure groove 23 can effectively compensate for the assembly gap between the first substrate 1 and the second groove 21, thereby suppressing fretting wear caused by equipment vibration or reciprocating sliding.

[0055] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the second substrate 2 is provided with a clamping member on the side near the pressure strip 5.

[0056] It is understandable that since the pressure strip 5 may expand freely in all directions when heated, although radial expansion can generate a certain locking force, axial expansion (in the direction perpendicular to the second substrate 2) will be wasted, and may even push the pressure strip 5 out of the pressure groove 23. Therefore, in this embodiment, a clamping member is provided to reduce the possibility of the pressure strip 5 being displaced in the axial direction.

[0057] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the clamping member includes a pressure plate 6, one end of which is fixed to the second substrate 2, and the other end of which is pressed against the pressure strip 5.

[0058] One end of the pressure plate 6 can be fixed to the second base plate 2 by screws or the like. The lower surface of the pressure plate 6 is pressed against the pressure strip 5, and the middle part of the pressure plate 6 will be subjected to the reaction force of the pressure strip 5.

[0059] Specifically, the pressure plate 6 does not restrict the thermal expansion of the pressure strip 5 in the horizontal direction. On the contrary, the pressure strip 5 can still expand freely radially below the pressure plate 6, thereby achieving the clamping of the trapezoidal groove slope.

[0060] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, a recessed groove 24 is provided on the groove sidewall of the second groove 21 adjacent to the second inclined surface 22. One end of the pressure plate 6 is disposed in the recessed groove 24, and the other end of the pressure plate 6 extends toward the pressure strip 5 and presses against the pressure strip 5. The upper surface of the pressure plate 6 is lower than the upper surface of the first substrate 1.

[0061] Understandably, in nuclear power equipment, when components that mate with the friction plate (such as reactor pressure vessel supports) slide on the upper surface of the friction plate, any protrusion could cause severe scratches, abrasions, or jamming. Therefore, it is necessary to lower the pressure plate 6. In this embodiment, lowering the pressure plate 6 ensures that the upper surface of the first substrate 1 is the only, highest, and continuous friction working surface. When the mating parts slide, they will only contact the high-strength carbon pillar 4 and the metal surface of the first substrate 1.

[0062] In addition, the setting of the sink groove 24 can upgrade the fixing of the pressure plate 6 from simple screw fixing to surface fixing + screw fixing, thereby improving the pressing effect of the pressure plate 6 on the pressure strip 5.

[0063] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the pressure strip 5 is greater than that of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.

[0064] It is understandable that when the temperature rises, both the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 will expand. If the coefficients of thermal expansion of the first substrate 1, the second substrate 2, and the pressure strip 5 are the same or similar, their relative dimensional relationship after heating will remain unchanged. The gap between the pressure strip 5 and the trapezoidal groove will neither increase nor decrease, and no additional clamping force will be generated, meaning the self-tightening function will fail. Therefore, in order to ensure that the pressure strip 5 can be tightly pressed into the pressure groove 23 when heated, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the pressure strip 5 needs to be set to be greater than the coefficients of thermal expansion of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, in order to reduce the possibility of the pressure strip 5 loosening due to the increased gap between it and the trapezoidal groove.

[0065] In summary, the friction plate for nuclear power equipment of this application, through the combined action of the first through hole 31, the second through hole 32, and the third through hole 33, can limit the displacement of the high-strength carbon pillar 4 in the friction plate, preventing interference fit failure of the friction plate due to the large thermal expansion difference between the high-strength carbon pillar 4 and the metal substrate under long-term variable temperature operating conditions. This improves the safety and reliability of nuclear power equipment during its long service life, thus contributing to the improvement of the working reliability of the friction plate. In addition, the use of a modular friction plate facilitates the installation of the high-strength carbon pillar 4, making the structure more flexible and the manufacturing simpler. Furthermore, the design of the trapezoidal pressure strip 5 can fill the gap between the substrate and the base plate at any time, reducing the loosening of the substrate, thereby further improving the reliability of the friction plate.

[0066] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.

[0067] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0068] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A friction plate for a nuclear power plant, characterized by, The friction plate for the nuclear power equipment includes: A substrate having a plurality of through holes; the through holes include, sequentially from the bottom surface of the substrate upwards, a first through hole, a second through hole, and a third through hole, wherein the diameter of the first through hole is larger than the diameter of the third through hole, the diameter of the second through hole decreases from the end closer to the first through hole to the end farther from the first through hole, and the diameter of the second through hole is between the diameter of the third through hole and the diameter of the first through hole; A plurality of high-strength carbon pillars are embedded in the through holes, and one end of the high-strength carbon pillar protrudes from the upper surface of the substrate through the third through hole.

2. The friction plate for nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized by The substrate includes: A first substrate, wherein the through-hole is disposed on the first substrate. The second substrate is disposed on the side of the first substrate near the first through hole, and the second substrate is detachably connected to the first substrate.

3. The friction plate for nuclear power plants according to claim 2, characterized by The bottom wall surface of the first substrate is provided with a first groove, the second substrate is engaged with the first groove, and the second substrate is detachably connected to the first substrate through a mounting component.

4. The friction plate for nuclear power plants according to claim 2, characterized by The second substrate has a second groove, and the first substrate is engaged with the second groove. The first substrate is detachably connected to the second substrate through a mounting and disassembly component.

5. The friction plate for nuclear power equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end face of the first substrate is set as a first inclined surface, and any two side walls of the second groove are set as second inclined surfaces. The second inclined surface fits with the first inclined surface. The side wall of the groove adjacent to the second inclined surface in the second groove is surrounded by the first inclined surface to form a pressing groove. A pressing strip is embedded in the pressing groove.

6. The friction plate for nuclear power plants according to claim 5, characterized by The second substrate has a clamping member on the side near the pressure strip.

7. The friction plate for nuclear power plants according to claim 6, characterized by The clamping component includes a pressure plate, one end of which is fixed to the second base plate, and the other end of which is pressed against the pressure strip.

8. The friction plate for nuclear power plants according to claim 7, characterized by A recessed groove is provided on the groove sidewall adjacent to the second inclined surface in the second groove. One end of the pressure plate is disposed in the recessed groove, and the other end of the pressure plate extends toward the pressure strip and presses against the pressure strip. The upper surface of the pressure plate is lower than the upper surface of the first substrate.

9. The friction plate for nuclear power plants according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized by The coefficient of thermal expansion of the pressure strip is greater than that of the first substrate and the second substrate.

10. The friction plate for nuclear power plants according to claim 4, characterized by The assembly / disassembly component is a countersunk screw.

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