A multi-gear coaxial variable-speed electric drive device for new energy vehicles

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-gear coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles, relating to the field of new energy vehicle technology. It includes a housing and a transmission assembly. An active motor is mounted on one side of the housing, and the output end of the active motor is connected to a drive shaft. A gear cylinder is slidably connected to the outer side of one end of the drive shaft, and a gear sleeve is fitted onto one end of the gear cylinder. One end of the gear sleeve is fixedly connected to an output shaft. The transmission assembly is located on the upper part of the housing and includes an adjusting motor. This invention achieves five gear positions and power transmission through a single planetary gear mechanism combined with axially movable meshing components and a linkage locking mechanism, eliminating the need for the complex structure of traditional multi-set planetary gears connected in series. This significantly simplifies the overall mechanical architecture, reduces the number of parts, and lowers manufacturing, assembly, and maintenance costs. Simultaneously, it meets the diverse driving conditions required by new energy vehicles, significantly improving the practicality and economy of the electric drive device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, specifically to a multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] New energy vehicles refer to automobiles that do not rely solely on traditional gasoline or diesel as a power source, but instead use all or part of new energy sources such as electricity and hydrogen to drive the wheels. The electric drive device of a new energy vehicle efficiently converts the electrical energy stored in the battery into mechanical energy that drives the wheels forward.

[0003] In existing electric drive devices for new energy vehicles, the transmissions generally adopt a structure of multiple sets of planetary gears connected in series to achieve multi-gear speed regulation. This design not only makes the overall structure of the device cumbersome and complex, with many internal parts, but also increases the difficulty of assembling the whole machine, further increasing the product assembly and manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-gear coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles, comprising a housing and a transmission assembly. A drive motor is mounted on one side of the housing, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to a drive shaft. A gear cylinder is slidably connected to the outer side of one end of the drive shaft, and a gear sleeve is fitted onto one end of the gear cylinder. An output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the gear sleeve. The transmission assembly is disposed on the upper part of the housing and includes an adjustment motor. An adjustment motor is mounted on the upper part of one side of the housing, and a lead screw is connected to the output end of the adjustment motor. A drive plate is disposed on the outer side of the lead screw, and a first support is rotatably connected to one end of the drive plate. The lower part of the housing is rotatably connected to a mating gear, and a double gear set meshes with the outer side of the mating gear. A planetary carrier is rotatably connected to the outer side of the middle part of the double gear set, and a second support is rotatably connected to the outer side of the planetary carrier. A central gear meshes with one end of the planetary carrier, and a connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to one side of the central gear. A third support is rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting sleeve. A gear ring is rotatably connected inside the housing, and a bevel gear set is provided on one side of the gear ring. A connecting frame is installed at one end of the bevel gear set, and the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the output shaft. A positioning component is provided on the lower inner side of the housing, and a circulation component is connected to the end of the housing. A detection component is installed on the top of the housing.

[0006] Furthermore, the first support, the second support, and the third support are all fixedly connected to the housing, and the housing is rotatably connected to the drive shaft, the lead screw, and the output shaft respectively through dynamic seals.

[0007] Furthermore, the drive plate is rotatably connected to the gear cylinder, and the inner through hole of the gear cylinder is prismatic.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner sides of the mating gear, planetary carrier, and gear sleeve are all matched with the teeth of the gear cylinder, and both ends of the teeth of the gear cylinder are pointed.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning component includes a limiting plate, the bottom of the drive plate is provided with the limiting plate, and the limiting plate is triangular prism-shaped. A hydraulic cylinder is provided on the lower inner side of the housing, and a first piston rod is slidably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder. A pulley seat is provided on the top of the first piston rod, and a return spring is provided on the bottom of the first piston rod.

[0010] Furthermore, two hydraulic cylinders are provided, and the two hydraulic cylinders are respectively connected to the internal flow channels of the second support and the third support through pipes. The second piston rod is slidably connected inside the second support and the third support, and a toothed block is fixedly connected to one end of the second piston rod. The outer sides of the planetary carrier and the connecting sleeve are provided with toothed grooves.

[0011] Furthermore, the circulation assembly includes an impeller, the output shaft is connected to the impeller via a one-way bearing, and the impeller is rotatably connected to the housing. A heat-conducting pipe is disposed on the outside of the housing, and a heat-conducting fin is disposed on the outside of the heat-conducting pipe. A filter plate is slidably connected to one end of the housing, and a third piston rod is fixedly connected to one side of the filter plate. A fixed cylinder is slidably connected to the outside of the third piston rod, and a compression spring abuts against one side of the third piston rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the housing, and the fixed cylinder abuts against the compression spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the detection component includes an air cylinder, a screw sleeve is rotatably connected to the top of the air cylinder, and a screw rod is connected to the internal thread of the screw sleeve. A piston plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screw rod, a sliding plate is mounted on the top of the piston plate, and the sliding plate is slidably connected to the screw sleeve. A pressure sensor is provided on the top of the housing.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the air cylinder is connected to the interior of the housing, and the air cylinder is slidably connected to the piston plate.

[0015] This invention provides a multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles, which has the following advantages: 1. This invention achieves five gear shifts and power transmission through a single planetary gear mechanism combined with axially movable meshing components and a linkage locking mechanism, eliminating the need for the complex structure of traditional multi-set planetary gears connected in series. This greatly simplifies the overall mechanical architecture, reduces the number of parts, and lowers manufacturing, assembly, and maintenance costs. At the same time, it meets the diverse driving conditions required by new energy vehicles, significantly improving the practicality and economy of the electric drive device.

[0016] 2. This invention integrates a highly efficient, self-cleaning lubrication and cooling system, which significantly improves transmission reliability and extends service life. The system uses the output shaft power to drive the lubricating oil circulation. While lubricating the gears, the oil is continuously purified through a filtration device, and the heat is efficiently dissipated through the circulation pipeline. The specially designed one-way transmission mechanism can prevent oil backflow when the vehicle is reversing, avoiding secondary contamination by impurities. This system effectively controls component wear and operating temperature while reducing maintenance frequency and ensuring long-term stable operation of the device.

[0017] 3. This invention utilizes an integrated air pressure monitoring mechanism to achieve dual intelligent early warning of sealing status and oil circuit blockage. By monitoring changes in air pressure inside the housing, a single sensor can issue an early warning signal when the dynamic seal fails, causing air leakage or the oil circuit filter becomes clogged. The design combines the two fault monitoring functions into one, eliminating the need for additional dedicated sensors, simplifying the electrical control layout and wiring structure, and reducing overall cost and debugging difficulty. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of a multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component structure of a multi-gear coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gear sleeve structure of a multi-gear coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the docking gear structure of a multi-gear coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary carrier structure of a multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bevel gear set structure of a multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting sleeve structure of a multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles according to the present invention. Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the third piston rod structure of a multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles according to the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air cylinder of a new energy vehicle electric drive device with multi-speed coaxial transmission according to the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Drive motor; 3. Drive shaft; 4. Gear cylinder; 5. Gear sleeve; 6. Output shaft; 7. Speed ​​transmission assembly; 701. Adjusting motor; 702. Lead screw; 703. Drive plate; 704. First support; 705. Connecting gear; 706. Double gear set; 707. Planetary carrier; 708. Second support; 709. Central gear; 710. Connecting sleeve; 711. Third support; 712. Gear ring; 713. Bevel gear set; 714. Connecting frame; 8. Positioning assembly; 801. Limiting plate; 802. 803. Hydraulic cylinder; 804. First piston rod; 805. Pulley seat; 806. Return spring; 807. Second piston rod; 808. Tooth block; 809. Tooth groove; 9000. Circulation assembly; 901. Impeller; 902. Heat conduction pipe; 903. Heat conduction plate; 904. Filter plate; 905. Third piston rod; 906. Fixed cylinder; 907. Compression spring; 10. Detection assembly; 1001. Air cylinder; 1002. Screw sleeve; 1003. Screw; 1004. Piston plate; 1005. Slide plate; 1006. Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Please see Figures 1 to 8The present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles, comprising a housing 1 and a transmission assembly 7. A drive motor 2 is mounted on one side of the housing 1, and the output end of the drive motor 2 is connected to a drive shaft 3. A gear cylinder 4 is slidably connected to the outer side of one end of the drive shaft 3, and a gear sleeve 5 is fitted onto one end of the gear cylinder 4. An output shaft 6 is fixedly connected to one end of the gear sleeve 5. The transmission assembly 7 is located on the upper part of the housing 1, and includes an adjusting motor 701. The adjusting motor 701 is mounted on the upper part of one side of the housing 1, and a lead screw 702 is connected to the output end of the adjusting motor 701. A drive plate 703 is mounted on the outer side of the lead screw 702, and a first support is rotatably connected to one end of the drive plate 703. The first support 704 and drive plate 703 are rotatably connected to the gear cylinder 4. The inner through hole of the gear cylinder 4 is prismatic. The lower part of the first support 704 is rotatably connected to a mating gear 705, and the outer side of the mating gear 705 is meshed with a double gear set 706. The outer side of the middle part of the double gear set 706 is rotatably connected to a planet carrier 707, and the outer side of the planet carrier 707 is rotatably connected to a second support 708. The inner sides of the mating gear 705, planet carrier 707, and gear sleeve 5 are all matched with the teeth of the gear cylinder 4, and both ends of the teeth of the gear cylinder 4 are pointed. One end of the planet carrier 707 is meshed with a central gear 709, and a connecting sleeve 710 is fixedly connected to one side of the central gear 709. The outer side of the connecting sleeve 710 is rotatably connected to... A third support 711 is connected to the housing 1. The first support 704, the second support 708, and the third support 711 are all fixedly connected to the housing 1. The housing 1 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 3, the lead screw 702, and the output shaft 6 respectively through dynamic seals. A gear ring 712 is rotatably connected inside the housing 1. A bevel gear set 713 is provided on one side of the gear ring 712. A connecting frame 714 is installed at one end of the bevel gear set 713 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft 6. A positioning component 8 is provided on the lower inner side of the housing 1, and a circulation component 9 is connected to the end of the housing 1. The positioning component 8 includes a limiting plate 801. The limiting plate 801 is installed at the bottom of the drive plate 703 and is triangular prism-shaped. A hydraulic cylinder 802 is installed on the lower inner side of the housing 1, and a first piston rod 803 is slidably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder 802. A pulley seat 804 is installed on the top of the first piston rod 803, and a return spring 805 is installed on the bottom of the first piston rod 803. There are two hydraulic cylinders 802, and the two hydraulic cylinders 802 are respectively connected to the internal flow channels of the second support 708 and the third support 711 through pipes. A second piston rod 806 is slidably connected inside the second support 708 and the third support 711, and a toothed block 807 is fixedly connected to one end of the second piston rod 806. Toothed grooves 808 are opened on the outer side of the planetary carrier 707 and the connecting sleeve 710. A detection component 10 is installed on the top of the housing 1. The specific operation is as follows: When gear shifting is required, the controller starts the regulating motor 701, which drives the lead screw 702 to rotate synchronously. This drives the drive plate 703 to drive the gear cylinder 4 to slide smoothly axially along the outside of the drive shaft 3. When the gear cylinder 4 and the gear sleeve 5 mesh with each other, the drive shaft 3 can directly drive the output shaft 6 to complete the direct power transmission rotation via the gear cylinder 4 and the gear sleeve 5. When gear shifting is required, after the drive plate 703 drives the gear cylinder 4 and the gear sleeve 5 to separate, the gear cylinder 4 immediately meshes with the central gear 709 for transmission. Subsequently, the drive plate 703 will synchronously drive the limit plate 801 to squeeze the pulley seat 804, thereby causing the first piston rod 803 to force the hydraulic oil stored inside the hydraulic cylinder 802 into the second support 708 through the connecting pipe. The second piston rod 806 inside the second support 708 drives the gear block 807 to precisely insert into the pre-set tooth groove 808 on the outer side of the planetary carrier 707, thereby locking and limiting the rotation of the planetary carrier 707. At this time, the power can be stably driven to rotate the output shaft 6 through the central gear 709, the double gear set 706, the gear ring 712, the bevel gear set 713 and the connecting frame 714 in sequence. During the process of the drive plate 703 driving the gear cylinder 4 to disengage from the central gear 709 and gradually mesh with the planetary carrier 707, the limiting plate 801 and the pulley seat 804 disengage from each other. The return spring 805 pushes the first piston rod 803 to return to its original position by its own elastic thrust, so that the gear block 807 exits from the tooth groove 808, releasing the rotation limit of the planetary carrier 707 by the transmission assembly 7. After the limiting plate 801 presses against the corresponding pulley seat 804 on the other side, according to the same hydraulic transmission principle, it drives the tooth block 807 inside the third support 711 to insert into the tooth groove 808 on the outside of the connecting sleeve 710, completing the rotational locking of the central gear 709. In this state, the gear cylinder 4 can drive the double gear set 706 to mesh and roll along the outside of the locked central gear 709 with the help of the planetary carrier 707, synchronously driving the gear ring 712 to rotate, and then smoothly transmitting the power torque to the output shaft 6 through the bevel gear set 713 and the connecting frame 714. When the gear cylinder 4 continues to slide to the right axial direction and meshes with the docking gear 705, the limiting plate 801 presses against the previously corresponding pulley seat 804 again, realizing the locking and fixing of the planetary carrier 707, and the power is then released. The output shaft 6 can be rotated by the linkage of the mating gear 705, the double gear set 706, the gear ring 712, the bevel gear set 713, and the connecting frame 714. As the gear cylinder 4 continues to move to the right, the device can automatically release the rotation restriction of the planetary carrier 707 and lock the central gear 709 again, allowing the mating gear 705 to drive the double gear set 706 to mesh and roll around the central gear 709. Finally, the power output to the output shaft 6 is completed by the gear ring 712, the bevel gear set 713, and the connecting frame 714. Therefore, this device can achieve five-speed coaxial smooth speed change with only a single set of planetary gear transmission components. The overall structure does not require multiple sets of planetary gear series combination structures, which greatly simplifies the overall mechanical structure of the equipment and effectively reduces the number of internal supporting parts.This not only simplifies the overall assembly process, reduces the difficulty of manual assembly and material procurement costs, but also adapts to the gear shifting requirements of various driving conditions in new energy vehicles, facilitating subsequent equipment inspection and routine maintenance, thus comprehensively improving the overall practicality and mass production economy of electric drive devices for new energy vehicles.

[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 8 The circulation component 9 includes an impeller 901. The output shaft 6 is connected to the impeller 901 via a one-way bearing. The impeller 901 is rotatably connected to the housing 1. A heat-conducting pipe 902 is arranged on the outside of the housing 1, and a heat-conducting plate 903 is arranged on the outside of the heat-conducting pipe 902. A filter plate 904 is slidably connected to one end of the housing 1. A third piston rod 905 is fixedly connected to one side of the filter plate 904. A fixed cylinder 906 is slidably connected to the outside of the third piston rod 905. A compression spring 907 is abutted on one side of the third piston rod 905. The fixed cylinder 906 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the fixed cylinder 906 abuts against the compression spring 907. The specific operation is as follows: Because the housing 1 pre-stores sufficient lubricating oil, it can fully lubricate all internal gear transmission components, effectively reducing frictional losses during gear meshing, significantly reducing the wear rate of transmission components, effectively extending the overall service life of the gear set, and ensuring the long-term operational accuracy of the transmission structure. Simultaneously, when the vehicle is moving normally and the output shaft 6 is rotating, the output shaft 6 can synchronously drive the impeller 901 to rotate via a one-way bearing, creating a negative pressure suction effect at one end of the heat pipe 902. This allows the other end of the heat pipe 902 to draw in lubricating oil purified by the filter plate 904, thus achieving a closed-loop circulation of lubricating oil within the housing 1. During the oil circulation process, the filter plate 904 can accurately intercept and retain metal debris, particulate impurities, and other contaminants generated by the wear of the transmission components, continuously maintaining the cleanliness of the lubricating oil within the housing 1. This prevents impurities from entering the gear meshing gap and causing jamming, scratches, and other adverse phenomena, further improving the transmission performance. This design ensures smooth operation and effectively extends the lubricating oil replacement cycle, reducing subsequent maintenance costs. Furthermore, during oil circulation, the heat pipe 902, combined with the externally arranged heat-conducting plates 903, quickly dissipates excess heat generated during transmission, significantly improving the overall heat dissipation and heat exchange capacity of the device. This effectively prevents problems such as excessive temperature rise, thermal deformation, and decreased transmission efficiency in core components like gears under prolonged high loads, ensuring stable and continuous operation for extended periods. In addition, the one-way bearing's limit transmission design provides excellent adaptability to various operating conditions. When the vehicle is in reverse and the output shaft 6 rotates in the opposite direction, the output shaft 6 cannot drive the impeller 901 to rotate synchronously, directly interrupting the reverse circulation path of the lubricating oil. This completely prevents the backflow of oil, which would otherwise flush away various impurities trapped and filtered on the surface of the filter plate 904 back into the housing 1, ensuring a clean circulation of the lubricating oil circuit from the source and further improving the stability and durability of the entire electric drive transmission device.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 9 The detection component 10 includes an air cylinder 1001, a screw sleeve 1002 rotatably connected to the top of the air cylinder 1001, a screw rod 1003 threadedly connected to the inside of the screw sleeve 1002, a piston plate 1004 fixedly connected to the bottom of the screw rod 1003, a slide plate 1005 mounted on the top of the piston plate 1004, and the slide plate 1005 slidably connected to the screw sleeve 1002. A pressure sensor 1006 is provided on the top of the housing 1. The bottom of the air cylinder 1001 is connected to the inside of the housing 1, and the air cylinder 1001 is slidably connected to the piston plate 1004. The specific operation is as follows: After the device is fully assembled, the operator can rotate the screw 1003 to drive the piston plate 1004 to move upward smoothly under the sliding limit action of the slide plate 1005. This effectively expands the cavity space at the bottom of the air cylinder 1001, thereby creating a stable negative pressure environment inside the housing 1. During actual operation, the pressure sensor 1006 monitors the internal air pressure value of the housing 1 in real time. Once the dynamic seals in various parts of the device age and fail, or the sealing performance deteriorates, outside air will seep into the cavity, causing the air pressure inside the housing 1 to gradually rise. When the air pressure value reaches the preset warning threshold, a fault warning signal can be sent to the vehicle's on-board control system through the controller. This can promptly remind maintenance personnel to carry out seal inspection and replacement work, avoiding problems such as lubricating oil leakage and dust and impurities intrusion caused by seal failure in advance, and ensuring a clean and sealed operating environment for the transmission system. In addition, when too many impurities accumulate on the surface of the filter plate 904, oil... When the oil circuit is blocked, the continuous operation of the circulation component 9 will generate a large fluid pressure on the filter plate 904, which will cause the filter plate 904 to drive the third piston rod 905 to compress the spring 907. At the same time, the third piston rod 905 slides smoothly inside the fixed cylinder 906. This action will directly change the volume of the sealed space inside the housing 1, causing the internal air pressure to rise synchronously. When the pressure sensor 1006 detects that the internal air pressure has risen to the corresponding warning threshold, it can be determined that the filter plate 904 has been blocked, prompting the operator to clean or replace the filter plate 904 in time. This structure can realize two monitoring functions at the same time, namely, abnormal sealing warning and oil circuit filter blockage warning, by using a single pressure sensor 1006. There is no need to install various special detection sensors, which greatly simplifies the layout of the equipment's electrical control monitoring, reduces the number of electronic components, simplifies the overall wiring layout, reduces the difficulty of overall assembly and debugging, and effectively reduces the equipment manufacturing and subsequent operation and maintenance costs.

[0023] In summary, this multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles is used as follows: First, after the overall assembly of the device is completed, the operator rotates the screw 1003, causing the screw sleeve 1002 to drive the piston plate 1004 to move upward under the limiting action of the sliding plate 1005, expanding the lower cavity space of the air cylinder 1001, so that a stable negative pressure environment is formed inside the shell 1, and the sealed environment debugging work before the equipment is used is completed. Secondly, when the vehicle needs to use direct drive mode for normal straight driving, the vehicle controller starts the adjustment motor 701, which drives the lead screw 702 to rotate, which drives the drive plate 703 to push the gear cylinder 4 to slide axially along the outer side of the drive shaft 3, so that the gear cylinder 4 and the gear sleeve 5 mesh with each other. At this time, the drive motor 2 directly drives the output shaft 6 to rotate through the drive shaft 3, the gear cylinder 4 and the gear sleeve 5, to realize the direct drive output of power. Next, when the vehicle needs to switch to a low gear, the control adjustment motor 701 rotates in reverse, causing the gear cylinder 4 to separate from the gear sleeve 5 and mesh with the central gear 709. At the same time, the drive plate 703 drives the limit plate 801 to press the pulley seat 804, pushing the first piston rod 803 to press the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic cylinder 802 into the second support 708, driving the second piston rod 806 to drive the gear block 807 to engage with the outer tooth groove 808 of the planetary carrier 707, locking the planetary carrier 707 from rotating. The power drives the output shaft 6 to rotate through the central gear 709, the double gear set 706, the gear ring 712, the bevel gear set 713 and the connecting frame 714. Then, when the vehicle shifts gears again, the regulating motor 701 drives the gear cylinder 4 to disengage from the central gear 709 and mesh with the planetary carrier 707. The limiting plate 801 disengages from the pulley seat 804, the return spring 805 pushes the first piston rod 803 to reset, the gear block 807 exits the tooth groove 808 to release the planetary carrier 707 from its limit, and then the limiting plate 801 presses the pulley seat 804 on the other side. The hydraulic structure makes the gear block 807 inside the third support 711 lock the central gear 709 inside the connecting sleeve 710. The gear cylinder 4 drives the double gear set 706 to rotate through the planetary carrier 707, and completes the power output through the gear ring 712 and the bevel gear set 713. Afterwards, when shifting gears again, the drive gear cylinder 4 continues to slide to the right and mesh with the docking gear 705. The limit plate 801 re-presses the pulley seat 804 and locks the planetary carrier 707 again. Relying on the docking gear 705 and the transmission structure, the output shaft 6 is driven to rotate. Subsequently, as the gear cylinder 4 continues to move to the right, it can automatically release the restriction of the planetary carrier 707 and lock the center gear 709, thus completing the fifth gear transmission operation. The entire structure can achieve five-speed coaxial transmission by relying on a single set of planetary gear components. Meanwhile, the equipment relies on the lubricating oil stored inside the housing 1 to lubricate and reduce wear on all gear transmission components. When the vehicle is moving forward, the output shaft 6 drives the impeller 901 to rotate through the one-way bearing, creating a negative pressure inside the heat pipe 902, which draws in the lubricating oil that has been filtered and purified by the filter plate 904, thus realizing a closed-loop circulation of oil inside the housing 1. During the circulation process, the filter plate 904 intercepts wear particles and impurities, and together with the heat pipe 902 and the heat-conducting plate 903, it quickly dissipates the operating heat, preventing high-temperature damage to the gears and extending the service life of the components. Furthermore, when the vehicle is in reverse, the output shaft 6 rotates in the opposite direction. Due to the obstruction of the one-way bearing, it cannot drive the impeller 901 to rotate, directly stopping the circulation of lubricating oil. This effectively prevents the oil from flowing back and dispersing the impurities trapped by the filter plate 904, ensuring the long-term cleanliness of the internal oil circuit. Finally, during equipment operation, the pressure sensor 1006 monitors the internal air pressure of the housing 1 in real time. When the filter plate 904 is clogged with impurities, the oil flow is obstructed, squeezing the filter plate 904 and pushing the third piston rod 905 to compress the compression spring 907 inside the fixed cylinder 906, thus changing the internal air pressure of the housing 1. After the pressure sensor 1006 identifies the abnormal air pressure, it prompts the staff to clean and replace the filter plate 904 in time. When the sealing performance decreases due to aging of the seals and the infiltration of external gas causes the internal air pressure to rise continuously to the preset threshold, the sensor promptly transmits a signal to the vehicle control system and issues a maintenance warning. This device can achieve dual fault monitoring with only a single pressure sensor 1006, simplifying the electronic control structure and reducing the number of parts. This simplifies the assembly process, reduces production and usage costs, and can adapt to various driving conditions, facilitating later maintenance and repair. It greatly improves the practicality and mass production cost-effectiveness of the electric drive device for new energy vehicles.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0025] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-gear coaxial variable transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles, characterized in that, The system includes a housing (1) and a transmission assembly (7). A drive motor (2) is mounted on one side of the housing (1), and the output end of the drive motor (2) is connected to a drive shaft (3). A gear cylinder (4) is slidably connected to the outer side of one end of the drive shaft (3), and a gear sleeve (5) is fitted on one end of the gear cylinder (4). An output shaft (6) is fixedly connected to one end of the gear sleeve (5). The transmission assembly (7) is located on the upper part of the housing (1), and the transmission assembly (7) includes an adjustment motor (701). An adjustment motor (701) is mounted on the upper part of one side of the housing (1), and a lead screw (702) is connected to the output end of the adjustment motor (701). A drive plate (703) is provided on the outer side of the lead screw (702), and a first support (704) is rotatably connected to one end of the drive plate (703). A mating gear (705) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the first support (704), and the outer sides of the mating gear (705) are engaged. There is a double gear set (706), the middle outer side of the double gear set (706) is rotatably connected to a planetary carrier (707), and the outer side of the planetary carrier (707) is rotatably connected to a second support (708). One end of the planetary carrier (707) is meshed with a central gear (709), and a connecting sleeve (710) is fixedly connected to one side of the central gear (709). The outer side of the connecting sleeve (710) is rotatably connected to a third support (711). The inside of the housing (1) is rotatably connected to a gear ring (712), and a bevel gear set (713) is provided on one side of the gear ring (712). One end of the bevel gear set (713) is provided with a connecting frame (714), and the connecting frame (714) is fixedly connected to the output shaft (6). The lower inner side of the housing (1) is provided with a positioning component (8), and the end of the housing (1) is connected to a circulation component (9). The top of the housing (1) is provided with a detection component (10).

2. The new energy vehicle electric drive device with multi-speed coaxial transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support (704), the second support (708) and the third support (711) are all fixedly connected to the housing (1), and the housing (1) is rotatably connected to the drive shaft (3), the lead screw (702) and the output shaft (6) respectively through dynamic seals.

3. The new energy vehicle electric drive device with multi-speed coaxial transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive plate (703) is rotatably connected to the gear cylinder (4), and the inner through hole of the gear cylinder (4) is prismatic.

4. The new energy vehicle electric drive device with multi-speed coaxial transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sides of the mating gear (705), planet carrier (707) and gear sleeve (5) are all matched with the teeth of the gear cylinder (4), and both ends of the teeth of the gear cylinder (4) are pointed.

5. The new energy vehicle electric drive device with multi-speed coaxial transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component (8) includes a limiting plate (801). The limiting plate (801) is installed at the bottom of the drive plate (703), and the limiting plate (801) is triangular prism-shaped. A hydraulic cylinder (802) is installed on the lower inner side of the housing (1), and a first piston rod (803) is slidably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder (802). A pulley seat (804) is installed at the top of the first piston rod (803), and a return spring (805) is installed at the bottom of the first piston rod (803).

6. The new energy vehicle electric drive device with multi-speed coaxial transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that, Two hydraulic cylinders (802) are provided, and the two hydraulic cylinders (802) are respectively connected to the internal flow channels of the second support (708) and the third support (711) through pipes. The second support (708) and the third support (711) are slidably connected to the inside of the second piston rod (806), and a toothed block (807) is fixedly connected to one end of the second piston rod (806). The planetary carrier (707) and the connecting sleeve (710) are both provided with toothed grooves (808) on their outer sides.

7. The new energy vehicle electric drive device with multi-speed coaxial transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulation assembly (9) includes an impeller (901), the output shaft (6) is connected to the impeller (901) via a one-way bearing, and the impeller (901) is rotatably connected to the housing (1). A heat-conducting pipe (902) is arranged on the outside of the housing (1), and a heat-conducting plate (903) is provided on the outside of the heat-conducting pipe (902). A filter plate (904) is slidably connected to one end of the housing (1), and a third piston rod (905) is fixedly connected to one side of the filter plate (904). A fixed cylinder (906) is slidably connected to the outside of the third piston rod (905), and a compression spring (907) abuts against one side of the third piston rod (905).

8. A multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixed cylinder (906) is fixedly connected to the housing (1), and the fixed cylinder (906) abuts against the compression spring (907).

9. A multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection component (10) includes an air cylinder (1001), a screw sleeve (1002) is rotatably connected to the top of the air cylinder (1001), and a screw rod (1003) is threadedly connected to the inside of the screw sleeve (1002). A piston plate (1004) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screw rod (1003), and a sliding plate (1005) is placed on the top of the piston plate (1004). The sliding plate (1005) is slidably connected to the screw sleeve (1002). A pressure sensor (1006) is provided on the top of the housing (1).

10. A multi-speed coaxial transmission electric drive device for new energy vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bottom of the air cylinder (1001) is connected to the interior of the shell (1), and the air cylinder (1001) is slidably connected to the piston plate (1004).

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