A half ball valve

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of valve technology and discloses a hemispherical valve, comprising: a valve stem, a valve body, a valve seat, and a valve core body. The outer spherical surface of the valve core body forms a sealing mating surface that mates with the valve seat. The rotation axis of the valve core body coincides with the center line of the valve stem, and the rotation axis of the valve core body is axially aligned with the center line of the annular sealing surface, and both are coplanar. This ensures that during the entire rotational stroke of the valve core body, the sealing mating surface maintains at least partial contact with the annular sealing surface of the valve seat. When the valve core body rotates, the annular sealing surface of the valve seat continuously scrapes against the outer spherical surface of the valve core body, removing particles adhering to the valve core body in real time, keeping the sealing mating surface clean at all times. This prevents particles from getting trapped in the valve ball and valve seat sealing surfaces under particulate conditions, ensuring valve reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of valve technology, and specifically to a hemispherical valve. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional ball valves are all eccentric structures. During the valve opening process, the valve ball and the valve seat sealing surfaces separate. If the valve is used in a particulate environment, particles will get stuck in the valve ball and valve seat sealing surfaces during the valve closing process, which may cause damage to the sealing surfaces or prevent the valve from closing tightly, thus affecting the reliability of the valve. Summary of the Invention This invention provides a hemispherical valve to solve the problems of easy damage and failure to close tightly under particle conditions.

[0003] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hemispherical valve, comprising: Valve stem; The valve body is equipped with a valve body flow channel; The valve seat is provided with an annular sealing surface and a central through hole; The valve core body is a hemispherical shell structure, and its outer spherical surface forms a sealing mating surface that mates with the annular sealing surface. The valve core body is rotatably mounted in the valve body flow channel via the valve stem, and the rotation axis of the valve core body coincides with the center line of the valve stem. The rotation axis of the valve core body is axially aligned with the center line of the annular sealing surface, and the two are coplanar, so that the sealing mating surface remains in close contact with the annular sealing surface at least partially throughout the entire stroke of the valve core body's opening and closing rotation.

[0004] Beneficial effects: The annular sealing surfaces of the valve core body and the valve seat maintain partial contact throughout the entire rotational stroke. As the valve core body rotates, the annular sealing surface of the valve seat continuously scrapes against the outer spherical surface of the valve core body, effectively removing particles adhering to the valve core's sealing surface and keeping it clean, thus achieving valve self-cleaning. This effectively avoids problems such as impurity jamming, slag inclusion and wear on the sealing surface, and opening / closing obstruction, significantly improving valve sealing stability and service life, especially suitable for particulate media conditions. Furthermore, because a portion of the valve core body's sealing surface remains in contact with the annular sealing surface of the valve seat during opening and closing, compared to conventional hemispherical valves with the same ball diameter and channel size, the outer spherical surface of the valve core body is always supported by the valve seat on one side in both open and closed states. This significantly improves the stress state when the valve core body is only pressurized on one side, effectively suppressing spherical deformation under pressure and significantly enhancing the structural strength of the valve core body. The reduction in spherical deformation ensures that the fit between the valve core and the valve seat remains stable, avoiding problems such as increased sealing surface gap and sealing failure caused by local deformation, thus guaranteeing more stable and reliable valve sealing performance.

[0005] In one optional embodiment, the valve core body is provided with: A medium flow channel is radially opened in the valve core body; A drive connection part is provided, through which the valve core body is connected to the valve stem via the drive connection part; The valve core body is rotatably connected to the valve body via the rotating connection, and the rotating connection and the drive connection are located at both ends of the hemispherical housing along the axial direction.

[0006] Beneficial effects: The valve core body adopts a radially through-type medium flow channel with a regular flow channel structure and low flow resistance, which can effectively improve the medium flow capacity and reduce valve flow resistance loss. Drive connection parts and rotation connection parts are respectively set at both ends of the valve core body along the axial direction, forming an upper and lower double-support structure. This ensures higher coaxiality and more even force distribution during valve core rotation, effectively avoiding unilateral swaying, uneven wear, and jamming of the valve core. This significantly improves the smoothness of valve core opening and closing movements, extends valve service life, and ensures reliable sealing.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the valve core body further comprises: The pressure relief notch is connected to the medium flow channel; when the medium flow channel and the central through hole are mutually blocked, the pressure relief notch remains connected to the downstream side of the valve body flow channel.

[0008] Beneficial effects: The valve core body is equipped with a pressure relief notch that connects to the medium flow channel. When the valve core rotates to the closed state, where the medium flow channel and the central through hole of the valve seat are mutually blocked, the pressure relief notch still maintains the connection between the valve body cavity and the downstream side of the valve body flow channel. This design ensures that the hemispherical valve will not form a closed cavity at any position during its full stroke, completely eliminating the safety hazards of pressure buildup and sudden pressure increases in the valve cavity, avoiding impact damage to the sealing structure from high-pressure media, and preventing the valve seat from being pushed away from the valve core body when the pressure in the valve body cavity is too high. Because an open valve body cavity is formed, the flow channel is unobstructed and without dead angles, effectively preventing the accumulation and jamming of medium particles or impurities in the valve body cavity, eliminating opening and closing jamming and seal wear problems caused by material accumulation, further improving the valve's operational stability and media adaptability, especially suitable for working conditions containing particles and easily deposited media.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, the pressure relief notch extends from the outlet end of the medium flow channel along the circumference of the hemispherical shell toward the inlet end of the medium flow channel.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The pressure relief notch extends circumferentially from the outlet end of the medium flow channel towards the inlet end of the hemispherical shell. The notch is distributed in a long arc shape on the outer spherical surface of the valve core body. Throughout the entire rotational stroke of the valve core body from opening to closing, due to the circumferential extension of the pressure relief notch, even if the medium flow channel and the central through-hole of the valve seat are blocked, a portion of the arc of the notch remains connected to the downstream side of the valve body flow channel, thus continuously discharging the medium from the valve body cavity and achieving pressure relief without dead zones. This structure ensures that a closed cavity will not form at any position throughout the valve's stroke, eliminating the risk of pressure buildup in the valve body cavity and preventing the impact and damage to the sealing structure caused by sudden increases in medium pressure.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, a support structure is formed between the pressure relief notch and the inlet end of the medium flow channel.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The support structure formed between the pressure relief notch and the inlet end of the medium flow channel can effectively improve the structural strength of the valve core body and prevent the valve core body from deforming and cracking during medium impact, pressure alternation and opening and closing. At the same time, in conjunction with the pressure relief notch to guide the high pressure medium pressure, it further optimizes the stress distribution of the valve core body, effectively improves the problem of local stress concentration of the valve core body under high pressure conditions, and extends the service life of the valve.

[0013] In one alternative implementation, the pressure relief notch is smoothly connected to the outlet end of the medium flow channel.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The smooth transition avoids the formation of steps or right angles between the pressure relief notch and the flow channel. This non-abrupt flow channel structure eliminates eddies and turbulence generated when the medium flows through this area, effectively reducing medium flow resistance and energy loss. At the same time, the smooth transition design avoids the deposition of particulate medium at the connection between the pressure relief notch and the medium flow channel, and also reduces the scouring and wear of the medium at this location, effectively improving the valve's erosion resistance and long-term operational stability, and extending the valve's service life.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, the number of valve seats is one, and the valve seat is installed on the upstream or downstream side of the valve body flow channel.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The single-seat structure, with only one seat on the upstream or downstream side of the valve body flow channel, creates an open valve body cavity. This eliminates unnecessary obstructions and dead zones in the flow channel, allowing the medium to flow smoothly. This structure eliminates the closed cavity that easily forms in traditional double-seat structures, avoiding the risk of pressure buildup in the cavity. It also prevents the accumulation and jamming of medium particles and impurities within the valve cavity, enabling long-term stable operation even with media containing particles or prone to sedimentation, and reducing the need for maintenance.

[0017] In one optional embodiment, a bearing for rotational support is provided between the valve stem and the valve body, and a packing seal is also provided at the position where the valve stem extends out of the valve body.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The bearing between the valve stem and the valve body ensures higher coaxiality and smoother movement during valve stem opening and closing, effectively reducing radial friction and wobble between the valve stem and the valve body. Simultaneously, a packing seal is installed where the valve stem exits the valve body, reliably sealing the gap between the valve stem and the valve body. This prevents particulate media or impurities from entering the valve stem mating parts, avoiding valve stem scraping, wear, and jamming caused by particle blockage. This ensures flexible valve stem rotation during long-term operation, improving valve operational reliability and service life.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, both the inlet and outlet ends of the medium flow channel smoothly transition to the outer spherical surface of the hemispherical shell.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The inlet and outlet ends of the medium flow channel smoothly transition to the outer spherical surface of the hemispherical shell, eliminating the steps and sharp corners at the connection between the medium flow channel and the outer spherical surface. This avoids eddies, turbulence, and local erosion when the medium flows through this area, effectively reducing flow resistance and energy loss. Since there are no dead corners inside and outside the medium flow channel, it can effectively prevent particles and impurities in the medium from depositing and getting stuck at the connection, reducing scouring and scaling, improving the stability and erosion resistance of the valve during long-term operation, and extending the service life of the hemispherical valve.

[0021] In one alternative embodiment, the drive connection is a transmission groove formed on the top of the valve core body.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The transmission groove structure is compact, easy to manufacture, and reliably matches the valve stem transmission end. The grooved transmission structure effectively transmits the valve stem's opening and closing torque, ensuring high precision and preventing slippage. This guarantees smooth rotation of the valve core body, avoiding problems such as jamming or incomplete operation caused by transmission gaps, thus improving the reliability and control accuracy of valve operation. Furthermore, the groove is located on the top of the valve core body, preserving the integrity of the valve core's spherical sealing surface, which helps ensure sealing performance and facilitates assembly and maintenance.

[0023] In one optional embodiment, the rotating connection is a support groove formed at the bottom of the valve core body, and a pivot is fixed on the valve body. The valve core body is rotatably mounted on the pivot via the support groove.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The bottom of the valve core body adopts a rotating connection structure in which a support groove mates with the valve body pivot, forming a stable lower fulcrum support. Together with the top drive connection, this constitutes the upper and lower support structure of the valve core. The engagement of the support groove and the pivot effectively limits the axial and radial movement of the valve core body, resulting in higher coaxiality and more even force distribution during valve core rotation. This avoids valve core skewing and wobbling caused by unilateral force, improving the smoothness and reliability of the valve core body's opening and closing movements. Furthermore, the simple and reliable engagement structure of the support groove and the pivot facilitates assembly and can withstand lateral forces caused by media pressure differences, reducing sealing surface contact deviations caused by uneven force distribution on the valve core and further ensuring the stability of sealing performance.

[0025] In one alternative embodiment, the valve seat is a one-way sealing valve seat or a two-way sealing valve seat.

[0026] Beneficial effects: Valve seats can be selected from either one-way or two-way sealing seats according to actual working conditions. One-way sealing seats have a simple structure and provide stable sealing performance in pipelines with fixed flow direction; two-way sealing seats have bidirectional pressure-bearing sealing capabilities, and their installation is not restricted by the flow direction of the medium, making them suitable for a wider range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of an eccentric hemispherical valve in related technologies. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating two eccentricities in an eccentric hemispherical valve in related technologies; Figure 3 This is a front view of a hemispherical valve according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the connection structure between the valve core body and the valve seat according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the valve in the open state; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the connection structure between the valve core body and the valve seat according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the stroke state; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the connection structure between the valve core body and the valve seat according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the supporting structure is shown in the figure; Figure 7 This is a top view of the connection structure between the valve core body and the valve seat according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure shows the position of the support structure in the closed state. Figure 8 This is a top view of the connection structure between the valve core body and the valve seat according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the valve closed state; Figure 9 This is a top view of the connection structure between the valve core body and the valve seat according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the stroke state; Figure 10 This is a top view of the connection structure between the valve core body and the valve seat according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the valve in the open state; Figure 11 A top cross-sectional view of the hemispherical valve of the present invention is provided from the closed state, the stroke state to the open state; Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the mating structure of the ball and two valve seats in the related technology. The diagram shows the closed cavity of the valve body. Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the valve core body and valve seat of the present invention, showing the open valve body cavity; Figure 14 for Figure 3 A partially enlarged structural diagram of section A, showing the one-way sealing valve seat; Figure 15 for Figure 3 A partially enlarged structural diagram of section A, showing the bidirectional sealing valve seat; Figure 16 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part B in the diagram.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Valve body; 11. Valve body flow channel; 111. Upstream side; 112. Downstream side; 2. Valve core body; 21. Medium flow channel; 211. Inlet end; 212. Outlet end; 22. Pressure relief notch; 23. Drive connection part; 24. Support structure; 3. Valve seat; 31. First elastic element; 32. Second elastic element; 33. Annular sealing surface; 34. Central through hole; 4. Valve stem; 5. Pivot; 6. Sleeve; 7. Valve cover; 8. Bearings; 9. Packing seals; 10. Valve body cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1 The structure of an eccentric hemispherical valve in related technologies is presented. The rotation center line of the valve ball is offset twice relative to the center line of the valve stem and the center line of the valve seat. The principle is described in [reference needed]. Figure 2 During the opening process, the valve stem drives the valve ball to rotate. The first eccentricity causes the ball surface to momentarily axially separate from the valve seat sealing surface. As the valve ball rotates, it is slightly raised or offset due to the eccentric structure, gradually making way for the medium passage. When it rotates to 90°, the flow surface of the valve ball is completely aligned with the flow channel of the valve body, achieving full-bore full opening. During the closing process, the valve stem is driven to rotate in the opposite direction. The valve ball first rotates around the center of rotation, at which point the ball surface remains separated from the valve seat. Near the fully closed position, the second eccentricity generates a cam wedging effect, pushing the valve ball towards the valve seat. If the valve is used in particulate-rich conditions, particles may become trapped between the valve ball and the valve seat sealing surface during the closing process, leading to damage to the sealing surface or incomplete closure. In addition, the valve ball of a hemispherical valve is subjected to concentrated stress under high-pressure conditions, making it prone to deformation. In view of this, this invention is proposed.

[0032] The following is combined Figures 3-11 as well as Figures 13-16 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present invention, see, in one aspect, Figure 3 A hemispherical valve is provided, comprising: Valve stem 4; Valve body 1, provided with valve body flow channel 11; Valve seat 3 is provided with an annular sealing surface 33 and a central through hole 34; The valve core body 2 is a hemispherical shell structure, and its outer spherical surface forms a sealing mating surface that cooperates with the annular sealing surface 33. The valve core body 2 is rotatably installed in the valve body flow channel 11 through the valve stem 4, and the rotation axis of the valve core body 2 coincides with the center line of the valve stem 4. The rotation axis of the valve core body 2 is axially aligned with the center line of the annular sealing surface 33 and the two are coplanar, so that the sealing mating surface remains in close contact with the annular sealing surface 33 at least partially during the entire stroke of the valve core body 2 during opening and closing rotation.

[0034] The annular sealing surfaces 33 of the valve core body 2 and valve seat 3 maintain partial contact throughout the entire rotational stroke. As the valve core body 2 rotates, the annular sealing surface 33 of the valve seat 3 continuously scrapes against the outer spherical surface of the valve core body 2, effectively removing particles adhering to the valve core's sealing surface in real time. This keeps the sealing surface of the valve core body 2 clean, achieving self-cleaning of the valve. This effectively avoids problems such as impurity jamming, slag inclusion and wear on the sealing surface, and opening / closing obstruction, significantly improving the valve's sealing stability and service life, especially suitable for particulate media conditions.

[0035] Furthermore, during the opening and closing process, a portion of the sealing surface of the valve core body 2 remains in close contact with the annular sealing surface 33 of the valve seat 3. Compared to a conventional hemispherical valve with the same ball diameter and channel size, in both the open and closed states, the outer spherical surface of the valve core body 2 is always supported on one side by the valve seat 3. This significantly improves the stress state of the valve core body 2 when only one side is under pressure, effectively suppressing spherical deformation under pressure and significantly enhancing the structural strength of the valve core body 2. The reduction in spherical deformation ensures that the fitting accuracy between the valve core body 2 and the valve seat 3 remains stable, avoiding problems such as increased sealing surface gap and sealing failure caused by local deformation, thereby ensuring more stable and reliable valve sealing performance.

[0036] In this embodiment, the hemispherical valve also includes a valve cover 7, which is detachably fitted with the valve body 1.

[0037] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The valve core body 2 is provided with: The medium flow channel 21 is radially opened through the valve core body 2; Drive connection part 23, through which the valve core body 2 is connected to the valve stem 4 in a transmission manner; The valve core body 2 is rotatably connected to the valve body 1 via the rotatable connection part, and the rotatable connection part and the drive connection part 23 are respectively located at the two ends of the hemispherical shell along the axial direction.

[0038] The valve core body 2 adopts a radially through-type medium flow channel 21. The flow channel structure is regular and the flow resistance is small, which can effectively improve the medium flow capacity and reduce valve flow resistance loss. A drive connection part 23 and a rotation connection part are respectively set at both ends of the valve core body 2, forming an upper and lower double support structure. This makes the coaxiality of the valve core higher and the force more even during the rotation of the valve core. It can effectively avoid the valve core's one-sided shaking, uneven wear and jamming, greatly improve the smoothness of the valve core's opening and closing movement, extend the valve's service life and ensure sealing reliability.

[0039] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The valve core body 2 is further provided with: The pressure relief notch 22 is connected to the medium flow channel 21; when the medium flow channel 21 and the central through hole 34 are mutually blocked, the pressure relief notch 22 remains connected to the downstream side 112 of the valve body flow channel 11.

[0040] The valve core body 2 is provided with a pressure relief notch 22 that communicates with the medium flow channel 21. When the valve core rotates to the closed state where the medium flow channel 21 and the central through hole 34 of the valve seat 3 are mutually blocked, the pressure relief notch 22 can still maintain the communication between the valve body cavity 10 and the downstream side 112 of the valve body flow channel 11. This design ensures that the hemispherical valve will not form a closed cavity at any position during its full stroke opening and closing, completely eliminating the safety hazards of pressure buildup and sudden pressure rise in the valve cavity, avoiding the impact damage of high-pressure media on the sealing structure, and preventing the valve seat 3 from being pushed away from the valve core body 2 when the pressure in the valve body cavity 10 is too high. Because an open valve body cavity 10 is formed, the flow channel is unobstructed and without dead corners, which can effectively prevent the accumulation and jamming of medium particles or impurities in the valve body cavity 10, eliminate the problems of opening and closing jamming and sealing wear caused by material accumulation, further improve the valve's operational stability and media adaptability, and is especially suitable for working conditions containing particles and easily deposited media.

[0041] See Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 Top views of the valve core body 2 of the present invention in the closed state, stroke state, and open state are given respectively. Figure 11 A process diagram is given from the closed state through the stroke state to the open state. The connection state between the medium flow channel 21 of the valve core body 2 and the central through hole 34 of the valve seat 3 can be seen in the diagram.

[0042] In the closed state, the medium flow channel 21 of the valve core body 2 is completely offset from and cut off from the central through hole 34 of the valve seat 3, thus sealing the flow path. At this time, the valve body flow channel 11 from the upstream side 111 to the downstream side 112 is blocked by the outer spherical surface of the valve core body 2. The valve seat 3, relying on the pre-tightening elastic force of the built-in elastic element, presses the annular sealing surface 33 against the outer spherical surface of the valve core body 2, achieving medium sealing and blocking the flow of medium. In the closed state, the outer spherical surface of the valve core body 2 is pressed tightly against the entire circle of the annular sealing surface 33 of the valve seat 3, and the annular sealing surface 33 continues to press and seal. At this time, one end of the arc-shaped pressure relief notch 22 on the valve core body 2 is connected to the internal medium flow channel 21 of the valve core, and the other end extends circumferentially along the spherical surface. Even if the main channel is closed, the pressure relief notch 22 can still ensure the medium communication between the valve body cavity 10 and the downstream side 112 of the valve body flow channel 11. The valve body cavity 10 is an open cavity without a sealed cavity, so the medium cannot be trapped in the cavity. The medium in the cavity flows directly downstream through the pressure relief notch 22, preventing the cavity from being trapped and opening the valve seat 3, causing the valve seat 3 to separate from the valve core body 2 and causing impurities to accumulate and become stuck. When the valve is closed, the spherical surface on one side of the valve core body 2 is always supported by the valve seat 3. Under the action of the medium pressure difference, the spherical surface of the valve core body 2 is limited, suppressing the deformation of the spherical surface under pressure, and ensuring a stable and leak-free sealing gap.

[0043] During the valve's opening and closing stroke, the flow channels partially overlap and are open. The valve stem 4 is driven to rotate the valve core body 2 counterclockwise around its pivot, entering an intermediate transition state. The edge of the radial medium flow channel 21 on the valve core body 2 gradually aligns with the center through hole 34 of the valve seat 3. The medium from the upstream side 111 begins to flow into the medium flow channel 21 of the valve core body 2 through the overlapping gap, and then flows to the downstream side 112 of the valve body 1. The flow cross-section gradually increases with the rotation angle. During the valve core body 2's stroke, a section of the outer spherical surface of the valve core body 2 is always in close contact with the annular sealing surface 33 of the valve seat 3. As the valve core body 2 rotates, the annular sealing surface 33 slides relative to the spherical surface. The annular sealing surface 33 of the valve seat 3 continuously scrapes against the outer spherical surface of the valve core body 2, constantly scraping off solid particles adhering to the medium. These fallen impurities flow downstream with the flowing medium, preventing particles from getting stuck between the sealing surfaces and causing slag wear and valve jamming. As the valve core body 2 rotates, the arc-shaped pressure relief notch 22 slides along the circumferential direction of the spherical surface. The pressure relief notch 22 always maintains an arc segment connecting the valve body cavity 10 and the downstream side 112. There is no sealed cavity throughout the entire stroke, and the medium in the cavity is continuously discharged. There is no risk of pressure buildup, and impurities cannot accumulate in the dead corner of the valve cavity.

[0044] In the open state, the medium flow channel 21 of the valve core body 2 is completely coaxially aligned with the central through hole 34 of the valve seat 3. The radially penetrating medium flow channel 21 on the valve core body 2 and the central through hole 34 of the valve seat 3 are perfectly aligned, with the channels being straight and the upstream and downstream pipelines connected across the entire cross-section. Even when fully open, the outer spherical surface of the valve core body 2 still retains a local area in contact with the annular sealing surface 33 of the valve seat 3, continuously cleaning the sealing surface and ensuring that the sealing surface remains clean before the hemispherical valve closes again. In the fully open state, one side of the spherical surface of the valve core body 2 is still supported and limited by the valve seat 3, offsetting the spherical deformation caused by the lateral pressure difference of the medium and preventing leakage from the sealing surface.

[0045] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The pressure relief notch 22 extends from the outlet end of the medium flow channel 21 along the circumference of the hemispherical shell toward the inlet end of the medium flow channel 21.

[0046] The pressure relief notch 22 extends circumferentially from the outlet end of the medium flow channel 21 toward the inlet end of the hemispherical shell. The notch is distributed in a long arc shape on the outer spherical surface of the valve core body 2. During the entire rotation stroke of the valve core body 2 from opening to closing, due to the circumferential extension of the pressure relief notch 22, even if the medium flow channel 21 and the central through hole 34 of the valve seat 3 are blocked, a portion of the arc of the notch can still maintain communication with the downstream side 112 of the valve body flow channel 11, thereby continuously discharging the medium from the valve body cavity 10 and achieving pressure relief without dead angles. This structure ensures that the valve will not form a closed cavity at any position throughout its stroke, eliminating the risk of pressure buildup in the valve body cavity 10, and avoiding the impact and damage to the sealing structure caused by a sudden increase in medium pressure.

[0047] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 A support structure 24 is formed between the pressure relief notch 22 and the inlet end 211 of the medium flow channel 21.

[0048] The support structure 24 formed between the pressure relief notch 22 and the inlet end 211 of the medium flow channel 21 can effectively improve the structural strength of the valve core body 2 and prevent the valve core body 2 from deforming and cracking during medium impact, pressure alternation and opening and closing. At the same time, in conjunction with the pressure relief notch 22 to relieve the pressure of high pressure medium, it further optimizes the stress distribution of the valve core body 2, effectively improves the local stress concentration problem of the valve core body 2 under high pressure conditions, and extends the service life of the valve.

[0049] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The pressure relief notch 22 is smoothly connected to the outlet end of the medium flow channel 21.

[0050] The smooth transition avoids the formation of steps or right angles between the pressure relief notch 22 and the flow channel. This non-abrupt flow channel structure eliminates eddies and turbulence generated when the medium flows through this area, effectively reducing medium flow resistance and energy loss. At the same time, the smooth transition design avoids the deposition of particulate medium at the connection between the pressure relief notch 22 and the medium flow channel 21, and also reduces the scouring and wear of the medium at this location, effectively improving the valve's erosion resistance and long-term operational stability, and extending the valve's service life.

[0051] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The number of valve seats 3 is one, and the valve seat 3 is installed on the upstream side 111 or the downstream side 112 of the valve body flow channel 11.

[0052] The valve adopts a single-seat 3 structure, with one valve seat 3 installed only on the upstream side 111 or downstream side 112 of the valve body flow channel 11. The valve body cavity 10 has an open structure, with no unnecessary obstructions or dead corners in the flow channel, allowing the medium to flow smoothly along the valve body flow channel 11. This structure eliminates the closed cavity that is easily formed in the traditional double-seat 3 structure, avoiding the risk of pressure buildup in the cavity. At the same time, it prevents the accumulation and jamming of medium particles and impurities in the valve cavity, enabling the valve to operate stably for a long time even in conditions containing particles or easily deposited media, reducing the need for fault maintenance.

[0053] When valve seat 3 is installed on the upstream side 111, the valve is closed, and the medium is blocked on the upstream side 111 by the seal of valve core body 2 and valve seat 3. At this time, there is no medium residue in the middle cavity and the downstream side 112, and the valve opening and closing is smoother.

[0054] like Figure 12 As shown, in related technologies, a typical fixed ball valve consists of a ball and two seats, with the valve body cavity 10 being a closed cavity. During operation, the pressure of the medium on the upstream and downstream sides 112 pushes the valve seats towards the ball; once the cavity pressure generated by the medium exceeds the sum of the spring preload and the medium force, the valve seats are pushed away from the ball by the cavity pressure. The excessive pressure generated in the cavity is automatically released when the valve is fully open or fully closed, at which point particles and impurities can easily enter the mating surfaces.

[0055] like Figure 13 As shown, the hemispherical valve of the present invention is provided with only one valve core body 2 and one valve seat 3. When in operation, the spring force of the upstream side 111 pushes the valve seat 3 towards the valve core body 2. The pressures of the upstream side 111 and the downstream side 112 cancel each other out. The valve body cavity 10 and the downstream side 112 are directly connected to form an open cavity. This avoids the risk of medium accumulating in the valve body cavity 10 for a long time and being unable to be discharged, which would lead to particle accumulation and material buildup.

[0056] In some embodiments, see Figure 16A bearing 8 and a sleeve 6 for rotational support are provided between the valve stem 4 and the valve body 1, and a packing seal 9 is also provided at the position where the valve stem 4 passes through the valve body 1.

[0057] A bearing 8 is installed between the valve stem 4 and the valve body 1, which makes the valve stem 4 more coaxial and smoother during opening and closing rotation, effectively reducing radial friction and shaking between the valve stem 4 and the valve body 1. At the same time, a packing seal 9 is installed at the position where the valve stem 4 passes through the valve body 1, which can reliably seal the gap between the valve stem 4 and the valve body 1, preventing particulate media or impurities from entering the mating parts of the valve stem 4, avoiding scraping, wear and jamming of the valve stem 4 caused by particle jamming, ensuring flexible rotation of the valve stem 4 during long-term operation, and improving the reliability and service life of valve operation.

[0058] Specifically, the bearing 8 at the connection point between the valve core body 2 and the valve stem 4 and the pivot 5 is entirely protected with graphite packing to prevent particles from entering the area between the bearing 8 and the mating surface, thus avoiding the risk of scraping and jamming during the opening and closing process.

[0059] In some embodiments, the inlet end 211 and outlet end 212 of the medium flow channel 21 are both smoothly transitioned to the outer spherical surface of the hemispherical shell.

[0060] The inlet and outlet ends of the medium flow channel 21 are smoothly transitioned to the outer spherical surface of the hemispherical shell, eliminating the steps and sharp edges at the connection between the medium flow channel 21 and the outer spherical surface. This avoids eddies, turbulence and local erosion when the medium flows through this area, effectively reducing flow resistance and energy loss. Since there are no dead corners inside and outside the medium flow channel 21, it can effectively prevent particles and impurities in the medium from depositing and getting stuck at the connection, reducing scouring and scaling, improving the stability and erosion resistance of the valve during long-term operation, and extending the service life of the hemispherical valve.

[0061] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The drive connection part 23 is a transmission groove opened on the top of the valve core body 2.

[0062] The valve employs a transmission groove structure, which is compact, easy to manufacture, and reliably matches the transmission end of the valve stem 4. This groove-type transmission structure effectively transmits the opening and closing torque of the valve stem 4, ensuring high precision and preventing slippage. This guarantees smooth rotation of the valve core body 2, avoiding problems such as jamming or incomplete operation caused by transmission gaps, thus improving the reliability and control accuracy of valve operation. Furthermore, the groove is located at the top of the valve core body 2, preserving the integrity of the valve core's spherical sealing surface, which helps ensure sealing performance and facilitates assembly and maintenance.

[0063] In some embodiments, the rotating connection portion is a support groove formed at the bottom of the valve core body 2, and a pivot 5 is fixed on the valve body 1. The valve core body 2 is rotatably mounted on the pivot 5 through the support groove.

[0064] The bottom of the valve core body 2 adopts a rotating connection structure in which a support groove cooperates with the valve body 1 pivot 5, forming a stable lower fulcrum support. Together with the top drive connection part 23, it constitutes the upper and lower support structure of the valve core. The cooperation between the support groove and the pivot 5 can effectively limit the axial and radial movement of the valve core body 2, making the coaxiality of the valve core body 2 higher and the force more even when it rotates. This avoids valve core tilting and shaking caused by unilateral force, and improves the smoothness and reliability of the opening and closing movement of the valve core body 2. In addition, the cooperation structure between the support groove and the pivot 5 is simple and reliable in positioning. It is convenient for assembly and can withstand the lateral force caused by the medium pressure difference, reducing the sealing surface contact deviation caused by uneven force on the valve core, and further ensuring the stability of the sealing performance.

[0065] In practical applications, valve seat 3 can be equipped with either a one-way sealing valve seat or a two-way sealing valve seat depending on the actual working conditions.

[0066] In some embodiments, see Figure 14 The valve seat 3 is a one-way sealing valve seat, and a first elastic element 31 is provided inside the valve seat 3. The one-way sealing valve seat is selected because it has a simple structure, low processing and assembly costs, excellent positive pressure sealing performance, and unobstructed flow path, making it suitable for pipeline systems with fixed media flow direction.

[0067] In some embodiments, see Figure 15 The valve seat 3 is a bidirectional sealing valve seat, and a first elastic element 31 and a second elastic element 32 are provided inside the valve seat 3. By selecting a bidirectional sealing valve seat, pressure sealing of the medium in both directions can be achieved. There are no flow direction restrictions when installing the valve, making it more versatile and able to meet the requirements of complex working conditions where the medium is under bidirectional pressure and the flow direction is variable.

[0068] The bidirectional sealing valve seat has a first elastic element 31 and a second elastic element 32 arranged in opposite directions. No matter whether the medium pressure is applied from the left or the right, there is always an elastic element that cooperates with the medium pressure to complete the seal.

[0069] In this embodiment, both the first elastic element 31 and the second elastic element 32 are compression springs, which have a simple structure.

[0070] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by this application.

Claims

1. A hemispherical valve, characterized in that, include: Valve stem (4); The valve body (1) is provided with a valve body flow channel (11). The valve seat (3) is provided with an annular sealing surface (33) and a central through hole (34); The valve core body (2) is a hemispherical shell structure, and its outer spherical surface forms a sealing mating surface that cooperates with the annular sealing surface (33). The valve core body (2) is rotatably installed in the valve body flow channel (11) through the valve stem (4), and the rotation axis of the valve core body (2) coincides with the center line of the valve stem (4). The rotation axis of the valve core body (2) is axially aligned with the center line of the annular sealing surface (33) and the two are coplanar, so that the sealing mating surface at least partially keeps in close contact with the annular sealing surface (33) during the entire stroke of the valve core body (2) during opening and closing rotation.

2. The hemispherical valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve core body (2) is provided with: A medium flow channel (21) is radially opened in the valve core body (2). Drive connection part (23), the valve core body (2) is connected to the valve stem (4) through the drive connection part (23); The valve core body (2) is rotatably connected to the valve body (1) through the rotating connection part, and the rotating connection part and the drive connection part (23) are respectively located at the two ends of the hemispherical shell along the axial direction.

3. The hemispherical valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The valve core body (2) is also provided with: The pressure relief opening (22) is connected to the medium flow channel (21); when the medium flow channel (21) and the central through hole (34) are mutually blocked, the pressure relief opening (22) remains connected to the downstream side (112) of the valve body flow channel (11).

4. The hemispherical valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure relief notch (22) extends from the outlet end (212) of the medium flow channel (21) along the circumference of the hemispherical shell toward the inlet end (211) of the medium flow channel (21).

5. The hemispherical valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure relief opening (22) is smoothly connected to the outlet end (212) of the medium flow channel (21).

6. The hemispherical valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, A support structure (24) is formed between the pressure relief opening (22) and the inlet end (211) of the medium flow channel (21).

7. The hemispherical valve according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The number of valve seats (3) is one, and the valve seat (3) is installed on the upstream side (111) or downstream side (112) of the valve body flow channel (11).

8. The hemispherical valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bearing (8) for rotational support is provided between the valve stem (4) and the valve body (1), and a packing seal (9) is also provided at the position where the valve stem (4) passes through the valve body (1).

9. The hemispherical valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inlet end (211) and outlet end (212) of the medium flow channel (21) are both smoothly transitioned to the outer spherical surface of the hemispherical shell.

10. The hemispherical valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive connection part (23) is a transmission groove opened on the top of the valve core body (2).

11. The hemispherical valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating connection part is a support groove opened at the bottom of the valve core body (2). A pivot (5) is fixed on the valve body (1). The valve core body (2) is rotatably mounted on the pivot (5) through the support groove.

12. The hemispherical valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve seat (3) is a one-way sealing valve seat (3) or a two-way sealing valve seat (3).

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