A ten-hearth counterflow tank calciner and a method of calcining pitch coke using the same

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of bituminous coke production technology, specifically a ten-layer counter-current calcining furnace with fire channels. The furnace includes a wall with a fire channel system inside. A calcining tank is embedded within the wall, and the fire channel system is located on the outside of the calcining tank. The fire channel system consists of ten layers arranged longitudinally from top to bottom, with the ten layers connected end-to-end. A flue is located on the top sidewall of the wall, connected to the first layer of fire channels. A first preheating air channel is located below the fire channel on the wall, with one end connected to the tenth layer of fire channels, and a first pull plate is provided at the connection point. A second preheating air channel is located inside the sidewall of the wall, connected to the fifth layer of fire channels, and a second pull plate is provided at the connection point. This invention designs a ten-layer counter-current calcining furnace with high thermal efficiency, low energy consumption, and good product consistency. A calcination process is also designed for this furnace, achieving high thermal efficiency, low energy consumption, and high product true density, meeting the raw material requirements for high-end, high-purity graphite production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bitumen coke production technology, and in particular to a ten-layer counter-current calciner and a method for calcining bitumen coke using the calciner. Background Technology

[0002] High-end specialty graphite is a key material in fields such as power batteries for new energy vehicles and semiconductor single-crystal silicon furnaces, while high-quality calcined pitch coke is a core upstream raw material for the preparation of high-end, high-purity graphite. Currently, the mainstream production equipment for calcined pitch coke in China consists of rotary kilns and co-current retort furnaces, which have several technical drawbacks: Rotary kilns use direct heating, resulting in a carbon loss rate as high as 20%, a thermal efficiency of only 50%-60%, and poor temperature control precision, making them unsuitable for the long-cycle calcination of high-volatile pitch coke; in co-current retort furnaces, the gas and material flow in the same direction, causing the raw material to come into contact with high temperatures as soon as it enters the first layer, easily leading to sudden heating and cracking of the material, resulting in low true density and insufficient grain development of the calcined pitch coke, failing to meet the requirements for high-end graphite production. Existing counter-current calcining furnaces mostly have a 5-8 layer fire channel structure, exhibiting uneven temperature gradient distribution and insufficient temperature control precision, and have not been optimized for the gradient overflow of volatiles in pitch coke, making it difficult to achieve effective conversion of volatiles under low-temperature, closed conditions, thus hindering the improvement of calcined pitch coke quality. At the same time, existing equipment generally suffers from problems such as low thermal efficiency, high energy consumption, and poor product consistency. Furthermore, the Sichuan-Chongqing region in China lacks a stable supply channel for high-quality calcined pitch coke, which cannot meet the rapid development needs of the new energy vehicle and electronic information industries in the Chengdu-Chongqing region.

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a ten-layer counter-current furnace and a method for calcining pitch coke using the furnace. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a ten-layer counter-current pot furnace and a method for calcining pitch coke using the furnace, which reduces the burn-off rate during pitch coke calcination, increases the true density of the product, ensures sufficient grain development, and improves the product quality of the calcined pitch coke.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A ten-layer counter-flow calcining furnace includes a wall, within which a fire channel system is installed. A calcining tank is embedded within the wall, and the fire channel system extends longitudinally from top to bottom in ten layers, with the ten fire channels connected end-to-end. A flue is located on the top sidewall of the wall, connecting to the first layer of fire channels. A first preheating air duct is located below the fire channel on the wall, and an air inlet cover is located on the outer side of the wall corresponding to the first preheating air duct. One end of the first preheating air duct connects to the tenth layer of fire channels, with a first pull plate at the connection point. A second preheating air duct is located inside the sidewall of the wall, connecting to the fifth layer of fire channels, with a second pull plate at the connection point. A heat source outlet is located at the end of the tenth layer of fire channels.

[0007] Furthermore, the wall sidewall is also provided with a volatile matter vertical channel, one end of which is connected to the fifth layer fire channel, and the other end is located on the outer side wall of the wall near the top. The side of the material tank is provided with a volatile matter pipe, which is connected to the end of the volatile matter vertical channel located in the fifth layer fire channel.

[0008] Furthermore, a cooling water jacket is provided at the bottom outlet of the calcining tank.

[0009] A method for calcining pitch coke in a ten-layer counter-current furnace includes the following steps:

[0010] S1: Crush and screen the raw asphalt coke, control the particle size of the raw asphalt coke particles to 0-30mm, and feed it evenly from the top of the calcining tank through an automatic feeding system;

[0011] S2: The temperature gradient of the furnace body is controlled by the intelligent control system of the calcining furnace. The temperature of the first layer of fire channel is controlled at 1050℃, and the temperature of the fire channel from the first layer to the tenth layer gradually increases to 1350℃.

[0012] S3: During the calcination process, the first and second air pull plates are opened to introduce preheated air, reduce the oxygen concentration in the first fire channel, create a low-temperature and sealed calcination environment, and promote the partial decomposition of the asphalt coke volatiles under low-temperature conditions to generate coke, which adheres to the surface of the asphalt coke particles.

[0013] S4: High-temperature gas is introduced from the bottom of the furnace and flows upward in a counter-current manner, forming a complete counter-current heat exchange with the asphalt coke particles moving downward from the top of the furnace, controlling the residence time of the asphalt coke particles in the furnace to 48-72 hours.

[0014] S5: The calcined pitch coke is discharged through the cooling water jacket via the discharge system. After cooling, it is screened and tested. Products with a screening yield of ≥90% are high-quality calcined pitch coke.

[0015] Furthermore, the volatiles are collected in the recovery system and then sent to the reburning system to be mixed and burned with external natural gas.

[0016] Furthermore, the high-temperature flue gas generated in the calcining furnace is directed to a waste heat boiler for power generation.

[0017] Furthermore, the high-temperature flue gas generated in the calcining furnace is directed to the hot oil furnace to facilitate the use of heat in subsequent molding processes.

[0018] Furthermore, the calcined pitch coke is graded and screened using a vibrating screen. After screening, dust removal oil or dust removal agent is used to remove dust from the calcined coke particles.

[0019] This invention designs a ten-layer fire channel counter-current calcining furnace with high thermal efficiency, low energy consumption, and good product consistency. A calcination process is also designed for this furnace, which has high thermal efficiency, low energy consumption, and high product true density, meeting the raw material requirements for high-end high-purity graphite production. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a ten-layer fire channel counter-flow pot-type calcining furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] 1. Wall; 2. Fire channel system; 201. First fire channel; 202. Fifth fire channel; 203. Tenth fire channel; 3. Calcination tank; 4. First preheating air channel; 5. Second preheating air channel; 6. Air inlet cover; 7. First pull plate; 8. Second pull plate; 9. Cooling water jacket; 10. Flue. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "installation" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed" means that the devices are connected to each other and their relative positional relationship remains unchanged after the connection. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention, such as "inner," "outer," "top," and "bottom," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0027] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as used in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the invention. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including, but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a ten-layer counter-current calcining furnace includes a wall 1, a fire channel system 2 installed inside the wall 1, a calcining tank 3 embedded in the wall 1, and the fire channel system 2 on the outside of the calcining tank 3. The fire channel system 2 is arranged vertically in ten layers from top to bottom, and the ten fire channels are connected end to end. A flue 10 is provided on the top side wall of the wall 1, which is connected to the first layer fire channel 201. A first preheating air channel 4 is provided below the fire in the wall 1, and an air inlet cover 6 is provided on the outer side of the wall 1 corresponding to the first preheating air channel 4. One end of the first preheating air channel 4 is connected to the tenth layer fire channel 203, and a first pull plate 7 is provided at the connection. A second preheating air channel 5 is provided inside the side wall of the wall 1, which is connected to the fifth layer fire channel 202, and a second pull plate 8 is provided at the connection. A heat source port is provided at the end of the tenth layer fire channel 203.

[0030] The ten fire channels are connected end to end, so that the airflow direction of adjacent fire channels is opposite, forming a stable temperature gradient field.

[0031] The fire channel system 2 is heated through the heat source port to provide heat supplementation.

[0032] Open the air intake cover 6 to introduce preheated air through the first preheated air duct 4. Control the preheated air to enter the tenth layer fire duct 203 through the first pull plate 7. Control the preheated air to enter the fifth layer fire duct 202 through the second preheated air duct 5 and the second pull plate 8. By preheating the air, the oxygen concentration in the first layer fire duct 201 is reduced, creating a low-temperature and sealed calcination environment. The initial asphalt coke volatiles partially decompose under low-temperature conditions and generate coke, which adheres to the surface of the asphalt coke particles.

[0033] The side wall of wall 1 is also provided with a volatile matter vertical channel. One end of the volatile matter vertical channel is connected to the fifth layer fire channel 202, and the other end is located on the outer side wall of wall 1 near the top. The side of the material tank is provided with a volatile matter pipe, which is connected to the end of the volatile matter vertical channel located in the fifth layer fire channel.

[0034] The volatile matter can be recovered through the volatile matter vertical channel and sent to the reburning system to be mixed and burned with external natural gas, supplementing the furnace body with heat and improving thermal efficiency.

[0035] A cooling water jacket 9 is provided at the bottom outlet of the calcining tank 3.

[0036] The cooling water jacket 9 can cool down the calcined pitch coke, so that the calcined pitch coke is directly cooled when it is discharged from the calcination tank 3, which facilitates the screening, classification and testing of the calcined pitch coke.

[0037] A method for calcining pitch coke in a ten-layer counter-current furnace includes the following steps:

[0038] S1: Crush and screen the raw asphalt coke, control the particle size of the raw asphalt coke particles to 0-30mm, and feed it evenly from the top of the calcining tank 3 through an automatic feeding system;

[0039] S2: The temperature gradient of the furnace body is controlled by the intelligent control system of the calcining furnace. The temperature of the first fire channel 201 is controlled at 1050℃, and the temperature of the fire channel 203 from the first to the tenth layer gradually increases to 1350℃.

[0040] S3: During the calcination process, the first and second air pull plates are opened to introduce preheated air, reduce the oxygen concentration in the first fire channel 201, create a low-temperature and sealed calcination environment, and promote the partial decomposition of the asphalt coke volatiles under low-temperature conditions to generate coke, which adheres to the surface of the asphalt coke particles.

[0041] S4: High-temperature gas is input from the bottom of the furnace and flows upward in a counter-current manner, forming a complete counter-current heat exchange with the asphalt coke particles moving downward from the top of the furnace, controlling the residence time of the asphalt coke particles in the furnace to 48 hours.

[0042] S5: The calcined pitch coke is discharged through the cooling water jacket 9 via the discharge system. After cooling, it is screened and tested. Products with a screening yield of ≥90% are high-quality calcined pitch coke.

[0043] The ten fire channels are arranged longitudinally from top to bottom along the furnace body. The airflow directions of adjacent fire channels are opposite, forming a stable temperature gradient field. The temperature of the first fire channel 201 is controlled at 1050℃. From the first fire channel 201 to the tenth fire channel 203, the temperature gradually increases to 1350℃, realizing the gradual calcination of materials through low-temperature preheating, medium-temperature dehydration, and high-temperature condensation.

[0044] By adjusting the first and second air-pulling plates, the temperature of the first layer is reduced and a sealed environment is created, thereby achieving the conversion of volatiles into coke and stabilizing the true density of the calcined pitch coke at 2.04 g / cm³. 3 The total moisture content is 0.5%, the ash content is 0.5%, the total sulfur content is 0.5%, and the volatile matter content is 0.5%. The grain size is fully developed, meeting the requirements for raw materials in the production of high-end, high-purity graphite.

[0045] After being collected by the recovery system, the volatiles are sent to the reburning system to be mixed and burned with external natural gas.

[0046] By adopting countercurrent heat exchange and volatile matter recovery and reburning technology, the unit energy consumption is reduced by 5%-8% compared with traditional equipment; the indirect heating method significantly reduces the carbon loss rate, the raw material yield is ≥78%, and the production cost is significantly reduced.

[0047] The high-temperature flue gas generated in the calcining furnace is directed to a waste heat boiler for power generation.

[0048] The high-temperature flue gas generated in the calcining furnace is directed to the hot oil furnace for subsequent molding processes.

[0049] These two methods of recovering and utilizing the waste heat of high-temperature flue gas improve energy efficiency and reduce resource waste.

[0050] The calcined pitch coke is screened through a vibrating screen for grading. After screening, dust removal oil or dust removal agent is used to remove dust from the calcined coke particles.

[0051] The asphalt coke is graded and screened, and then surface dust is removed to facilitate its storage and transportation.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] A method for calcining pitch coke in a ten-layer counter-current furnace includes the following steps:

[0054] S1: Crush and screen the raw asphalt coke, control the particle size of the raw asphalt coke particles to 0-30mm, and feed it evenly from the top of the calcining tank 3 through an automatic feeding system;

[0055] S2: The temperature gradient of the furnace body is controlled by the intelligent control system of the calcining furnace. The temperature of the first fire channel 201 is controlled at 1050℃, and the temperature of the fire channel 203 from the first to the tenth layer gradually increases to 1350℃.

[0056] S3: During the calcination process, the first and second air pull plates are opened to introduce preheated air, reduce the oxygen concentration in the first fire channel 201, create a low-temperature and sealed calcination environment, and promote the partial decomposition of the asphalt coke volatiles under low-temperature conditions to generate coke, which adheres to the surface of the asphalt coke particles.

[0057] S4: High-temperature gas is introduced from the bottom of the furnace and flows upward in a counter-current manner, forming a complete counter-current heat exchange with the asphalt coke particles moving downward from the top of the furnace, controlling the residence time of the asphalt coke particles in the furnace to 54 hours.

[0058] S5: The calcined pitch coke is discharged through the cooling water jacket 9 via the discharge system. After cooling, it is screened and tested. Products with a screening yield of ≥90% are high-quality calcined pitch coke.

[0059] The ten fire channels are arranged longitudinally from top to bottom along the furnace body. The airflow directions of adjacent fire channels are opposite, forming a stable temperature gradient field. The temperature of the first fire channel 201 is controlled at 1050℃. From the first fire channel 201 to the tenth fire channel 203, the temperature gradually increases to 1350℃, realizing the gradual calcination of materials through low-temperature preheating, medium-temperature dehydration, and high-temperature condensation.

[0060] By adjusting the first and second air-pulling plates, the temperature of the first layer is reduced and a sealed environment is created, thereby achieving the conversion of volatiles into coke and stabilizing the true density of the calcined pitch coke at 2.05 g / cm³. 3 The total moisture content is 0.48%, the ash content is 0.45%, the total sulfur content is 0.43%, and the volatile matter content is 0.46%. The grain size is well-developed, meeting the requirements for raw materials in the production of high-end, high-purity graphite.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] A method for calcining pitch coke in a ten-layer counter-current furnace includes the following steps:

[0063] S1: Crush and screen the raw asphalt coke, control the particle size of the raw asphalt coke particles to 0-30mm, and feed it evenly from the top of the calcining tank 3 through an automatic feeding system;

[0064] S2: The temperature gradient of the furnace body is controlled by the intelligent control system of the calcining furnace. The temperature of the first fire channel 201 is controlled at 1050℃, and the temperature of the fire channel 203 from the first to the tenth layer gradually increases to 1350℃.

[0065] S3: During the calcination process, the first and second air pull plates are opened to introduce preheated air, reduce the oxygen concentration in the first fire channel 201, create a low-temperature and sealed calcination environment, and promote the partial decomposition of the asphalt coke volatiles under low-temperature conditions to generate coke, which adheres to the surface of the asphalt coke particles.

[0066] S4: High-temperature gas is introduced from the bottom of the furnace and flows upward in a counter-current manner, forming a complete counter-current heat exchange with the asphalt coke particles moving downward from the top of the furnace, controlling the residence time of the asphalt coke particles in the furnace to 60 hours.

[0067] S5: The calcined pitch coke is discharged through the cooling water jacket 9 via the discharge system. After cooling, it is screened and tested. Products with a screening yield of ≥90% are high-quality calcined pitch coke.

[0068] The ten fire channels are arranged longitudinally from top to bottom along the furnace body. The airflow directions of adjacent fire channels are opposite, forming a stable temperature gradient field. The temperature of the first fire channel 201 is controlled at 1050℃. From the first fire channel 201 to the tenth fire channel 203, the temperature gradually increases to 1350℃, realizing the gradual calcination of materials through low-temperature preheating, medium-temperature dehydration, and high-temperature condensation.

[0069] By adjusting the first and second air-pulling plates, the temperature of the first layer is reduced and a sealed environment is created, thereby achieving the conversion of volatiles into coke and stabilizing the true density of the calcined pitch coke at 2.06 g / cm³. 3 The total moisture content is 0.42%, the ash content is 0.4%, the total sulfur content is 0.38%, and the volatile matter content is 0.41%. The grain size is well-developed, meeting the requirements for raw materials in the production of high-end, high-purity graphite.

[0070] Example 4:

[0071] A method for calcining pitch coke in a ten-layer counter-current furnace includes the following steps:

[0072] S1: Crush and screen the raw asphalt coke, control the particle size of the raw asphalt coke particles to 0-30mm, and feed it evenly from the top of the calcining tank 3 through an automatic feeding system;

[0073] S2: The temperature gradient of the furnace body is controlled by the intelligent control system of the calcining furnace. The temperature of the first fire channel 201 is controlled at 1050℃, and the temperature of the fire channel 203 from the first to the tenth layer gradually increases to 1350℃.

[0074] S3: During the calcination process, the first and second air pull plates are opened to introduce preheated air, reduce the oxygen concentration in the first fire channel 201, create a low-temperature and sealed calcination environment, and promote the partial decomposition of the asphalt coke volatiles under low-temperature conditions to generate coke, which adheres to the surface of the asphalt coke particles.

[0075] S4: High-temperature gas is introduced from the bottom of the furnace and flows upward in a counter-current manner, forming a complete counter-current heat exchange with the asphalt coke particles moving downward from the top of the furnace, controlling the residence time of the asphalt coke particles in the furnace to 66 hours.

[0076] S5: The calcined pitch coke is discharged through the cooling water jacket 9 via the discharge system. After cooling, it is screened and tested. Products with a screening yield of ≥90% are high-quality calcined pitch coke.

[0077] The ten fire channels are arranged longitudinally from top to bottom along the furnace body. The airflow directions of adjacent fire channels are opposite, forming a stable temperature gradient field. The temperature of the first fire channel 201 is controlled at 1050℃. From the first fire channel 201 to the tenth fire channel 203, the temperature gradually increases to 1350℃, realizing the gradual calcination of materials through low-temperature preheating, medium-temperature dehydration, and high-temperature condensation.

[0078] By adjusting the first and second air-pulling plates, the temperature of the first layer is reduced and a sealed environment is created, thereby achieving the conversion of volatiles into coke and stabilizing the true density of the calcined pitch coke at 2.07 g / cm³. 3 The total moisture content is 0.36%, the ash content is 0.35%, the total sulfur content is 0.33%, and the volatile matter content is 0.36%. The grain size is well-developed, meeting the requirements for raw materials in the production of high-end, high-purity graphite.

[0079] Example 5:

[0080] A method for calcining pitch coke in a ten-layer counter-current furnace includes the following steps:

[0081] S1: Crush and screen the raw asphalt coke, control the particle size of the raw asphalt coke particles to 0-30mm, and feed it evenly from the top of the calcining tank 3 through an automatic feeding system;

[0082] S2: The temperature gradient of the furnace body is controlled by the intelligent control system of the calcining furnace. The temperature of the first fire channel 201 is controlled at 1050℃, and the temperature of the fire channel 203 from the first to the tenth layer gradually increases to 1350℃.

[0083] S3: During the calcination process, the first and second air pull plates are opened to introduce preheated air, reduce the oxygen concentration in the first fire channel 201, create a low-temperature and sealed calcination environment, and promote the partial decomposition of the asphalt coke volatiles under low-temperature conditions to generate coke, which adheres to the surface of the asphalt coke particles.

[0084] S4: High-temperature gas is introduced from the bottom of the furnace and flows upward in a counter-current manner, forming a complete counter-current heat exchange with the asphalt coke particles moving downward from the top of the furnace, controlling the residence time of the asphalt coke particles in the furnace to 72 hours.

[0085] S5: The calcined pitch coke is discharged through the cooling water jacket 9 via the discharge system. After cooling, it is screened and tested. Products with a screening yield of ≥90% are high-quality calcined pitch coke.

[0086] The ten fire channels are arranged longitudinally from top to bottom along the furnace body. The airflow directions of adjacent fire channels are opposite, forming a stable temperature gradient field. The temperature of the first fire channel 201 is controlled at 1050℃. From the first fire channel 201 to the tenth fire channel 203, the temperature gradually increases to 1350℃, realizing the gradual calcination of materials through low-temperature preheating, medium-temperature dehydration, and high-temperature condensation.

[0087] By adjusting the first and second air-pulling plates, the temperature of the first layer is reduced and a sealed environment is created, thereby achieving the conversion of volatiles into coke and stabilizing the true density of the calcined pitch coke at 2.08 g / cm³. 3 The total moisture content is 0.35%, the ash content is 0.32%, the total sulfur content is 0.3%, and the volatile matter content is 0.33%. The grain size is fully developed, meeting the requirements for raw materials in the production of high-end, high-purity graphite.

[0088] In practical use, the calcining furnace is controlled by an intelligent control system, which realizes the linkage adjustment of temperature, feeding rate, gas flow rate and coke strengthening. The whole process is automated, reducing manual intervention and greatly improving product consistency, making it suitable for large-scale production.

[0089] The longer the calcination time, the higher the product quality, but the cost will increase accordingly. As time goes on, the rate of improvement in product quality slows down. The calcination time should be controlled according to actual needs.

[0090] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A ten-layer counter-flow pot-type calcining furnace, characterized in that, The system includes a wall, within which a fire channel system is installed. A calcining tank is embedded within the wall, and the fire channel system is located on the outside of the calcining tank. The fire channel system consists of ten layers arranged vertically from top to bottom, with the ten layers of fire channels connected end to end. A flue is provided on the top side wall of the wall, which is connected to the first layer of fire channels. A first preheating air channel is provided below the fire in the wall, and an air inlet cover is provided on the outer side of the wall corresponding to the position of the first preheating air channel. One end of the first preheating air channel is connected to the tenth layer of fire channels, and a first pull plate is provided at the connection point. A second preheating air channel is provided inside the side wall of the wall, which is connected to the fifth layer of fire channels, and a second pull plate is provided at the connection point. A heat source port is provided at the end of the tenth layer of fire channels.

2. The ten-layer counter-current furnace for calcining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wall sidewall is also provided with a volatile matter vertical channel. One end of the volatile matter vertical channel is connected to the fifth layer fire channel, and the other end is located on the outer side wall of the wall near the top. The side of the material tank is provided with a volatile matter pipe, which is connected to the end of the volatile matter vertical channel located in the fifth layer fire channel.

3. The ten-layer counter-current type pot-type calcining furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calcining tank is equipped with a cooling water jacket at the bottom outlet.

4. A method for calcining pitch coke in a ten-layer counter-current furnace, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Crush and screen the raw asphalt coke, control the particle size of the raw asphalt coke particles to 0-30mm, and feed it evenly from the top of the calcining tank through an automatic feeding system; S2: The temperature gradient of the furnace body is controlled by the intelligent control system of the calcining furnace. The temperature of the first layer of fire channel is controlled at 1050℃, and the temperature of the fire channel from the first layer to the tenth layer gradually increases to 1350℃. S3: During the calcination process, the first and second air pull plates are opened to introduce preheated air, reduce the oxygen concentration in the first fire channel, create a low-temperature and sealed calcination environment, and promote the partial decomposition of the asphalt coke volatiles under low-temperature conditions to generate coke, which adheres to the surface of the asphalt coke particles. S4: High-temperature gas is introduced from the bottom of the furnace and flows upward in a counter-current manner, forming a complete counter-current heat exchange with the asphalt coke particles moving downward from the top of the furnace, controlling the residence time of the asphalt coke particles in the furnace to 48-72 hours. S5: The calcined pitch coke is discharged through the cooling water jacket via the discharge system. After cooling, it is screened and tested. Products with a screening yield of ≥90% are high-quality calcined pitch coke.

5. The method for calcining pitch coke in a ten-layer counter-current furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that, After being collected by the recovery system, the volatiles are sent to the reburning system to be mixed and burned with external natural gas.

6. The method for calcining pitch coke in a ten-layer counter-current furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high-temperature flue gas generated in the calcining furnace is directed to a waste heat boiler for power generation.

7. The method for calcining pitch coke in a ten-layer counter-current furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high-temperature flue gas generated in the calcining furnace is directed to the hot oil furnace for subsequent molding processes.

8. The method for calcining pitch coke in a ten-layer counter-current furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calcined pitch coke is screened through a vibrating screen for grading. After screening, dust removal oil or dust removal agent is used to remove dust from the calcined coke particles.

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