Energy-saving type feed and discharge heat exchanger
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-11
AI Technical Summary
首先，现有技术下的管板换热器，为了提升传热效率，壳程中的流体会在折流板的导流作用下垂直横掠换热管束，此过程流体横向冲刷管壁，使得边界层不断被剥离，导致流体扰动强，湍流度高，使得壳程传热系数大，但是该流动方式使换热管束受到较大程度地横向冲击力，流体正向直冲管壁，使其横向载荷增大，管束挠度大、从而导致管束振动幅值高，并且壳程流体的局部阻力较大，使得循环泵能耗较高；
换热管组上的螺旋弧形导流槽在壳程流体的流入端处为小螺距与深槽结构，该结构具备对流体的强旋流与强导流的效果，可以将垂直横掠管身的壳程流体改为水平旋向流动，直接打碎入口处高强度涡街，从源头抑振，大幅减小换热管束的横向载荷，降低壳程流体的局部阻力，从而降低循环泵能耗；
Smart Images
Figure CN122544559A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchange equipment technology, and more specifically to an energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger. Background Technology
[0002] In order to recover and utilize the waste heat in high-temperature materials such as wastewater and waste gas, to preheat raw materials such as cold water and fresh air, and to reduce the energy consumption of equipment such as boilers, thereby achieving the purpose of saving energy and reducing operating costs, tube sheet heat exchangers are generally used in industry for waste heat recovery. Tube sheet heat exchangers mainly utilize the dual-cavity isolation of the tube side and shell side, allowing the hot and cold media to flow inside and outside the tubes respectively, and to exchange heat through the heat exchange tube walls, thereby achieving the purpose of waste heat recovery and utilization. However, tube sheet heat exchangers under the current technology still have the following shortcomings when in use; Firstly, in existing tube sheet heat exchangers, to improve heat transfer efficiency, the fluid in the shell side flows vertically across the heat exchange tube bundle under the guidance of the baffles. During this process, the fluid scours the tube wall laterally, causing the boundary layer to be continuously stripped away, resulting in strong fluid disturbance and high turbulence, which leads to a large shell-side heat transfer coefficient. However, this flow mode subjectes the heat exchange tube bundle to a large degree of lateral impact force. The fluid directly impacts the tube wall, increasing its lateral load, resulting in large tube bundle deflection and thus high tube bundle vibration amplitude. Furthermore, the local resistance of the shell-side fluid is relatively large, leading to high energy consumption of the circulating pump. Secondly, in the tube sheet heat exchanger under the existing technology, the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle is prone to adhering to impurities carried by the shell fluid, which affects the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube bundle, increases the flow resistance of the shell fluid, and increases the energy consumption of the circulating pump. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide an energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger to solve the problems existing in the background art.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an energy-saving feed heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchanger shell, a tube-side box at the front end of the heat exchanger shell, a tube sheet fixedly installed between the heat exchanger shell and the tube-side box, a heat exchange tube assembly fixedly installed on the tube sheet, the heat exchange tube assembly located in the heat exchanger shell, and a spiral arc-shaped guide groove extending axially on the outer wall of the tube bundle of the heat exchange tube assembly, the spiral arc-shaped guide groove guiding the shell-side fluid to flow horizontally and spirally around the tube body; The spiral arc-shaped guide groove weakens the lateral impact of the fluid on the heat exchange tube assembly and suppresses fluid-induced vibration of the tube bundle. The spiral arc-shaped flow guide groove continuously strips away the fluid boundary layer on the tube wall of the heat exchange tube group, enhances the turbulent disturbance of the shell-side fluid, and strengthens the convective heat transfer efficiency.
[0005] Furthermore, the pitch and depth of the spiral arc-shaped guide groove are gradually varied.
[0006] Furthermore, the pitch of the spiral arc-shaped guide channel gradually increases from the inflow end of the shell-side fluid to the outflow end, and the depth of the spiral arc-shaped guide channel gradually decreases from the inflow end of the shell-side fluid to the outflow end.
[0007] Furthermore, the spiral arc-shaped guide grooves on adjacent heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange tube group are arranged in an alternating spiral direction.
[0008] Furthermore, a partition plate is fixedly installed on the tube sheet. The partition plate is located in the tube-side housing and divides the tube-side housing vertically. The inlet end of the heat exchange tube bundle is connected to the space above the partition plate, and the outlet end of the heat exchange tube bundle is connected to the space below the partition plate. A guide plate is provided between adjacent tube bundles of the heat exchange tube bundle. The front and rear ends of the guide plate are alternately provided with notches. The fluid in the heat exchanger shell is deflected back and forth along the tube bundle direction of the heat exchange tube bundle using the notches. An end plate is fixedly installed inside the rear end of the heat exchanger shell.
[0009] Furthermore, a shell-side feed pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the heat exchanger shell, a shell-side discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the heat exchanger shell, a tube-side water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the tube-side box, and a tube-side water outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the tube-side box.
[0010] Furthermore, the guide plate has a cavity, and the guide plate is provided with pressure nozzles corresponding to the heat exchange tube bundle. A movable cavity plate is movably sleeved in the cavity of the guide plate, and a liquid cavity is provided in the movable cavity plate. The movable cavity plate has through holes corresponding to the pressure nozzles one by one. A push plate is fixedly installed at the front end of the movable cavity plate, and a limiting plug is installed on the push plate that is aligned with the tube openings of the heat exchange tube bundle one by one. When the limiting plug moves to the tube opening of the heat exchange tube bundle to block it, the through hole and the pressure nozzle are aligned with each other.
[0011] Furthermore, an electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of the tube box, and a push rod is fixedly connected to the drive end of the electric cylinder. The push rod is fixedly connected to the push plate.
[0012] Furthermore, the partition plate has an inner groove, and a movable partition plate is movably sleeved in the inner groove of the partition plate. A connecting plate is fixedly installed on the movable partition plate, and the connecting plate is fixedly sleeved with the push rod. A sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the tube side box, and the movable partition plate fits into the sealing groove to divide the tube side box into upper and lower spaces.
[0013] Furthermore, a valve is also installed on the outlet pipe of the pipeline.
[0014] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: The spiral arc-shaped guide groove on the heat exchange tube assembly has a small pitch and deep groove structure at the inflow end of the shell-side fluid. This structure has the effect of strong swirling and strong guiding of the fluid, which can change the shell-side fluid that is vertically sweeping across the tube body to a horizontal swirling flow, directly breaking up the high-intensity vortex street at the inlet, suppressing vibration from the source, greatly reducing the lateral load of the heat exchange tube bundle, reducing the local resistance of the shell-side fluid, and thus reducing the energy consumption of the circulating pump. When impurity particles adhere to the outer wall of the heat exchanger tube assembly and the spiral arc-shaped guide groove, the outlet water pipe channel of the tube side is closed by the valve. The electric cylinder drives the push rod to push the push plate backward, so that the limit plug seals the tube opening of the heat exchanger tube assembly. The through hole is aligned with the pressure nozzle. At this time, the movable partition disengages from the sealing groove on the inner wall of the tube side box, making the upper and lower spaces of the tube side box connected. The cleaning fluid is injected into the tube side box, and the liquid enters the liquid chamber of the movable chamber plate. It is then sprayed out through the aligned pressure nozzle onto the tube body of the heat exchanger tube assembly and the spiral arc-shaped guide groove, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the impurity particles in this area. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchanger tube assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the movable cavity plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the guide plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tube box structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the movable partition structure of the present invention.
[0016] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Heat exchanger shell; 2. Tube-side housing; 3. Tube sheet; 4. Heat exchanger tube assembly; 401. Spiral arc-shaped guide channel; 5. Partition plate; 501. Movable partition plate; 6. Guide plate; 601. Pressure nozzle; 602. Movable cavity plate; 603. Through hole; 604. Push plate; 605. Limiting plug; 606. Electric cylinder; 607. Push rod; 608. Connecting plate; 7. End plate; 8. Shell-side feed pipe; 9. Shell-side discharge pipe; 10. Tube-side water inlet pipe; 11. Tube-side water outlet pipe; 12. Valve. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger involved in the present invention is not limited to the structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] Reference Figure 1 This invention provides an energy-saving feed heat exchanger, including a heat exchanger shell 1, a tube-side box 2 at the front end of the heat exchanger shell 1, a tube sheet 3 fixedly installed between the heat exchanger shell 1 and the tube-side box 2, a heat exchange tube assembly 4 fixedly installed on the tube sheet 3, the heat exchange tube assembly 4 being located in the heat exchanger shell 1, a partition plate 5 fixedly installed on the tube sheet 3, the partition plate 5 being located in the tube-side box 2 and separating the tube-side box 2 vertically, the inlet end of the heat exchange tube assembly 4 communicating with the space above the partition plate 5, the outlet end of the heat exchange tube assembly 4 communicating with the space below the partition plate 5, a guide plate 6 being provided between adjacent tube bundles of the heat exchange tube assembly 4, the guide plate 6 having alternating notches at its front and rear ends, the fluid in the heat exchanger shell 1 using the notches to deflect back and forth along the tube bundle direction of the heat exchange tube assembly 4, and an end plate 7 fixedly installed inside the rear end of the heat exchanger shell 1; The upper end of the heat exchanger shell 1 is fixedly connected to the shell-side feed pipe 8, the lower end of the heat exchanger shell 1 is fixedly connected to the shell-side discharge pipe 9, the upper end of the tube-side box 2 is fixedly connected to the tube-side water inlet pipe 10, and the lower end of the tube-side box 2 is fixedly connected to the tube-side water outlet pipe 11. When the device is in use, cold water medium is injected into the tube-side box 2 through the tube-side inlet pipe 10, and flows into the heat exchange tube group 4 through the inlet end of the heat exchange tube group 4. Then it flows out from the outlet end of the heat exchange tube group 4 below the partition plate 5 and is discharged from the tube-side outlet pipe 11. High temperature medium is injected into the heat exchanger shell 1 through the shell-side feed pipe 8. Under the action of the guide plate 6, it flows back and forth along the tube bundle direction of the heat exchange tube group 4 and is discharged from the bottom shell-side discharge pipe 9. The high temperature medium exchanges heat with the tube bundle during the back and forth flow process, thereby achieving the heat exchange effect of the device. Since the high-temperature medium flows back and forth along the direction of the tube bundle in heat exchanger tube group 4, the fluid flows almost along the length of the tube and no longer impacts the tube bundle in the lateral direction. This basically eliminates fluid-induced vibration. In addition, the force on the tube bundle is mainly axial shear force, and its lateral alternating impact force is very small. The tube bundle deflection and wear are also greatly reduced.
[0019] Reference Figure 2The outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle 4 is provided with a spiral arc-shaped guide groove 401 extending along the axial direction. The spiral arc-shaped guide groove 401 guides the shell-side fluid to flow in the horizontal direction and around the tube body. The pitch of the spiral arc-shaped guide groove 401 gradually increases from the inlet end of the shell-side fluid to the outlet end, and the groove depth of the spiral arc-shaped guide groove 401 gradually decreases from the inlet end of the shell-side fluid to the outlet end. The spiral arc-shaped guide grooves 401 on the adjacent heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange tube bundle 4 are arranged in an alternating spiral direction. When the device is in use, the spiral arc-shaped flow guide groove 401 on the heat exchange tube group 4 has a small pitch and deep groove structure at the inflow end of the shell-side fluid. This structure has the effect of strong swirling and strong guiding of the fluid. It can immediately change the shell-side fluid that is vertically sweeping across the tube body into a horizontal swirling flow, directly breaking up the high-intensity vortex street at the inlet and suppressing vibration from the source. As the flow velocity of the shell-side fluid gradually decreases in the subsequent process, the pitch of the spiral arc-shaped flow guide groove 401 becomes larger and the groove depth becomes shallower, so that the swirling intensity of the shell-side fluid is weakened simultaneously, without excessive turbulence, avoiding unnecessary pressure drop, and without generating secondary vortices. Furthermore, the shell-side fluid spirals around the tube, continuously scouring and stripping the boundary layer, thereby reducing thermal resistance and improving its heat transfer coefficient. The spiral arc-shaped guide channels 401 arranged in staggered directions cause convective shearing and three-dimensional mixing in the gap between adjacent tubes, thereby continuously tearing and thinning the fluid boundary layer of the tube wall, significantly improving the shell-side turbulence intensity and convective heat transfer coefficient, and improving the overall heat transfer efficiency.
[0020] Reference Figures 3-6 The guide plate 6 has a cavity, and the guide plate 6 is provided with pressure nozzles 601 corresponding to the tube bundle of the heat exchange tube group 4. A movable cavity plate 602 is movably sleeved in the cavity of the guide plate 6. A liquid cavity is provided in the movable cavity plate 602. The movable cavity plate 602 is provided with through holes 603 corresponding to the pressure nozzles 601. A push plate 604 is fixedly installed at the front end of the movable cavity plate 602. A limiting plug 605 is installed on the push plate 604 and is aligned with the tube opening of the heat exchange tube group 4. When the limiting plug 605 moves to the tube opening of the heat exchange tube group 4 to block it, the through hole 603 is aligned with the pressure nozzle 601. An electric cylinder 606 is fixedly installed on the outside of the tube side housing 2. A push rod 607 is fixedly connected to the drive end of the electric cylinder 606. The push rod 607 is fixedly connected to the push plate 604. The partition plate 5 has an inner groove, and a movable partition plate 501 is movably sleeved in the inner groove of the partition plate 5. A connecting plate 608 is fixedly installed on the movable partition plate 501. The connecting plate 608 is fixedly sleeved with the push rod 607. A sealing groove is opened on the inner side wall of the pipe side box 2. The movable partition plate 501 fits into the sealing groove to divide the pipe side box 2 into upper and lower spaces. A valve 12 is also installed on the pipe side outlet pipe 11. When the device is in use, when impurity particles adhere to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube assembly 4 and the spiral arc-shaped guide groove 401, the outlet water pipe 11 of the tube side is closed by valve 12, and the electric cylinder 606 drives the push rod 607 to push the push plate 604 to move backward, so that the limiting pipe plug 605 blocks the opening of the heat exchange tube assembly 4, and the through hole 603 is aligned with the pressure nozzle 601. At this time, the movable partition 501 is disengaged from the sealing groove of the inner wall of the tube side box 2, so that the upper and lower spaces of the tube side box 2 are connected. The cleaning liquid is injected into the tube side box 2, and the liquid enters the liquid cavity of the movable chamber plate 602 and is sprayed out through the aligned pressure nozzle 601 to the tube body of the heat exchange tube assembly 4 and the spiral arc-shaped guide groove 401, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the impurity particles here. It should be noted that when the through hole 603 is misaligned with the pressure nozzle 601, the through hole 603 is closed.
[0021] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When the device is in use, cold water medium is injected into the tube-side box 2 through the tube-side inlet pipe 10, and flows into the heat exchange tube group 4 through the inlet end of the heat exchange tube group 4. Then it flows out from the outlet end of the heat exchange tube group 4 below the partition plate 5 and is discharged from the tube-side outlet pipe 11. High temperature medium is injected into the heat exchanger shell 1 through the shell-side feed pipe 8. Under the action of the guide plate 6, it flows back and forth along the tube bundle direction of the heat exchange tube group 4 and is discharged from the bottom shell-side discharge pipe 9. The high temperature medium exchanges heat with the tube bundle during the back and forth flow process, thereby achieving the heat exchange effect of the device. The spiral arc-shaped guide groove 401 on the heat exchanger tube assembly 4 has a small pitch and deep groove structure at the inlet end of the shell-side fluid. This structure has the effect of strong swirling and strong guiding of the fluid. It can immediately change the shell-side fluid that is vertically sweeping across the tube body into a horizontal swirling flow, directly breaking up the high-intensity vortex street at the inlet and suppressing vibration from the source. As the flow velocity of the shell-side fluid gradually decreases in the subsequent flow, the pitch of the spiral arc-shaped guide groove 401 becomes larger and the groove depth becomes shallower, so that the swirling intensity of the shell-side fluid is weakened simultaneously, without excessive turbulence, avoiding unnecessary pressure drop, and without generating secondary vortices. When impurity particles adhere to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube assembly 4 and the spiral arc-shaped guide groove 401, the outlet water pipe 11 of the tube side is closed by valve 12. The electric cylinder 606 drives the push rod 607 to push the push plate 604 backward, so that the limiting plug 605 seals the tube opening of the heat exchange tube assembly 4. The through hole 603 is aligned with the pressure nozzle 601. At this time, the movable partition 501 is disengaged from the sealing groove of the inner wall of the tube side box 2, so that the upper and lower spaces of the tube side box 2 are connected. The cleaning fluid is injected into the tube side box 2. The liquid enters the liquid cavity of the movable cavity plate 602 and is sprayed out through the aligned pressure nozzle 601 to the tube body of the heat exchange tube assembly 4 and the spiral arc-shaped guide groove 401, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the impurity particles here.
[0022] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change. Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other. In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An energy-saving feed heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchanger shell (1), a tube-side box (2) provided at the front end of the heat exchanger shell (1), a tube sheet (3) fixedly installed between the heat exchanger shell (1) and the tube-side box (2), a heat exchange tube assembly (4) fixedly installed on the tube sheet (3), the heat exchange tube assembly (4) being located in the heat exchanger shell (1), characterized in that: The outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle (4) is provided with a spiral arc-shaped guide groove (401) extending along the axial direction. The spiral arc-shaped guide groove (401) guides the shell-side fluid to flow in the horizontal direction and around the tube body. The spiral arc-shaped guide groove (401) weakens the lateral impact of the fluid on the heat exchange tube assembly (4) and suppresses fluid-induced vibration of the tube bundle; The spiral arc-shaped guide groove (401) continuously strips the fluid boundary layer from the tube wall of the heat exchange tube group (4), enhances the turbulent disturbance of the shell-side fluid, and strengthens the convective heat transfer efficiency.
2. The energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch and depth of the spiral arc-shaped guide groove (401) are gradually set.
3. The energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pitch of the spiral arc-shaped guide groove (401) gradually increases from the inflow end of the shell-side fluid to the outflow end, and the groove depth of the spiral arc-shaped guide groove (401) gradually decreases from the inflow end of the shell-side fluid to the outflow end.
4. An energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spiral arc-shaped guide grooves (401) on the adjacent heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange tube group (4) are arranged in an alternating spiral direction.
5. An energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: A partition plate (5) is fixedly installed on the tube sheet (3). The partition plate (5) is located in the tube side box (2) and divides the tube side box (2) vertically. The inlet end of the heat exchange tube group (4) is connected to the space above the partition plate (5). The outlet end of the heat exchange tube group (4) is connected to the space below the partition plate (5). A guide plate (6) is provided between adjacent tube bundles of the heat exchange tube group (4). The front and rear ends of the guide plate (6) are alternately provided with notches. The fluid in the heat exchanger shell (1) is deflected back and forth along the tube bundle direction of the heat exchange tube group (4) using the notches. An end plate (7) is fixedly installed inside the rear end of the heat exchanger shell (1).
6. An energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end of the heat exchanger shell (1) is fixedly connected to the shell-side feed pipe (8), the lower end of the heat exchanger shell (1) is fixedly connected to the shell-side discharge pipe (9), the upper end of the tube-side box (2) is fixedly connected to the tube-side water inlet pipe (10), and the lower end of the tube-side box (2) is fixedly connected to the tube-side water outlet pipe (11).
7. An energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide plate (6) has a cavity, and the guide plate (6) is provided with pressure nozzles (601) corresponding to the tube bundle of the heat exchange tube group (4). A movable cavity plate (602) is movably sleeved in the cavity of the guide plate (6). A liquid cavity is provided in the movable cavity plate (602). A through hole (603) corresponding to the pressure nozzle (601) is provided on the movable cavity plate (602). A push plate (604) is fixedly installed at the front end of the movable cavity plate (602). A limiting plug (605) aligned with the tube opening of the heat exchange tube group (4) is installed on the push plate (604). When the limiting plug (605) moves to the tube opening of the heat exchange tube group (4) to be blocked, the through hole (603) and the pressure nozzle (601) are aligned with each other.
8. An energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: An electric cylinder (606) is fixedly installed on the outside of the tube box (2). A push rod (607) is fixedly connected to the drive end of the electric cylinder (606). The push rod (607) is fixedly connected to the push plate (604).
9. An energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The partition plate (5) has an inner groove, and a movable partition plate (501) is movably sleeved in the inner groove of the partition plate (5). A connecting plate (608) is fixedly installed on the movable partition plate (501). The connecting plate (608) is fixedly sleeved with the push rod (607). A sealing groove is opened on the inner wall of the tube side box (2). The movable partition plate (501) fits into the sealing groove to divide the tube side box (2) into upper and lower spaces.
10. An energy-saving feed and discharge heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that: A valve (12) is also installed on the outlet pipe (11) of the pipeline.