Solid sensible heat energy storage device, energy storage system and construction method

Abstract

This application relates to a solid sensible heat energy storage device, energy storage system, and construction method. The solid sensible heat energy storage device includes a shell, a carbon skeleton, heat storage filler, and a heating element. The shell has a closed cavity. The carbon skeleton is disposed within the cavity. The heat storage filler is a solid sensible heat filler that fills the cavity and covers the carbon skeleton. The heating element is in close contact with the carbon skeleton, improving the overall heat transfer efficiency, meeting the requirements for rapid charge and release of heat, reducing the oxidation of carbon materials under high-temperature conditions, extending the service life of the device, and reducing operating costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of sensible heat energy storage technology, and in particular to a solid sensible heat energy storage device, energy storage system and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Sensible thermal energy storage is an energy storage technology that stores and releases heat by changing the temperature of the energy storage medium based on the heat capacity characteristics of the energy storage medium. During the storage and release of thermal energy, the material form of the energy storage medium remains unchanged. Common solid energy storage media include concrete and ceramics.

[0003] To meet the requirements of rapid charging and discharging of heat and heat transfer, existing technologies add high thermal conductivity carbon materials to solid energy storage media. However, mixing carbon materials with solid energy storage media results in weak heat transfer performance and serious energy waste. Furthermore, carbon materials are prone to oxidation and failure in high-temperature and aerobic environments, which also leads to the waste of carbon material resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solid sensible heat storage device to enhance heat transfer performance and reduce carbon material oxidation.

[0005] This application provides a solid sensible heat energy storage device, including a shell, a carbon skeleton, a heat storage filler, and a heating element. The shell has a closed cavity; the carbon skeleton is disposed in the cavity; the heat storage filler is a solid sensible heat filler, which fills the cavity and covers the carbon skeleton; the heating element is attached to the carbon skeleton.

[0006] In one embodiment, the topology of the carbon skeleton is a three-dimensional spoke-shaped, three-dimensional mesh-shaped, or three-dimensional layered structure; and / or, the ratio of the volume of the carbon skeleton to the volume of the cavity is 0.2 to 0.4.

[0007] In one embodiment, the heating element includes a heating tube disposed inside the carbon skeleton; and / or, the heating element includes a heating plate attached to the outer wall of the carbon skeleton.

[0008] In one embodiment, the heating element is disposed between the housing and the carbon skeleton, and the side of the heating element facing the housing has a heat insulation layer.

[0009] In one embodiment, the outer wall of the housing is provided with a heat exchange assembly, the heat exchange assembly including heat dissipation fins fixed to the outer wall of the housing, and / or, the heat exchange assembly including a radiation coating applied to the outer wall of the housing.

[0010] In one embodiment, the heat storage filler is an industrial solid waste base material, which includes one or more of fly ash, steel slag, and mineral slag; and / or, the ratio of the volume of the heat storage filler to the volume of the cavity is 0.6 to 0.8.

[0011] This application also provides an energy storage system, including the solid sensible heat energy storage device as described above.

[0012] In one embodiment, the solid sensible heat storage device has a charging temperature of 150°C to 250°C, a charging time of 6 hours to 9 hours, and a heat release time of 25 hours to 35 hours.

[0013] In one embodiment, the energy storage system includes a plurality of the solid sensible thermal energy storage devices, which are connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0014] This application also provides a method for constructing a solid sensible heat energy storage device as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Obtain the heat transfer direction of the target charge and discharge, and determine the topology of the carbon skeleton;

[0016] Carbon-based raw materials are mixed with binders, pressed into shape, and then calcined in an inert atmosphere to obtain a carbon skeleton.

[0017] The carbon skeleton is installed in the cavity of the shell;

[0018] Install heating elements;

[0019] The cavity is filled with heat storage packing material, and after the heat storage packing material is vibrated and compacted, the cavity of the shell is sealed.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the solid sensible heat storage device provided in this application has at least the following advantages: The shell of the solid sensible heat storage device is provided with a cavity, a carbon skeleton is located in the cavity, and solid sensible heat filler is filled in the cavity. At the same time, the heating element is attached to the carbon skeleton. Compared with the traditional form of simple mixing of carbon materials and heat storage filler, the continuous carbon skeleton can form a heat conduction path with high efficiency, thereby improving the overall heat transfer efficiency and meeting the requirements of rapid charging and discharging. In addition, the carbon skeleton is located in the cavity and is filled and covered by solid sensible heat filler, which effectively isolates the carbon skeleton from the air, reduces the oxidation of carbon materials under high temperature conditions, extends the service life of the device, and reduces the operating cost. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a top sectional view of the solid sensible heat energy storage device according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the carbon skeleton of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a top sectional view of the solid sensible heat energy storage device according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the carbon skeleton of Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a top sectional view of the solid sensible heat storage device according to Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the carbon skeleton of Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0028] Reference numerals: 10, shell; 11, cavity; 12, carbon skeleton; 13, heating tube; 14, heating element; 15, insulation layer; 16, heat exchange assembly; 17, support. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "side," "top," "bottom," and similar expressions used in this application's specification are merely for describing various exemplary structural parts and elements of this application. However, their use herein is for illustrative purposes only and is determined based on the exemplary orientations shown in the accompanying drawings, and does not represent the only possible implementation. Since the embodiments disclosed in this application can be arranged in different orientations, these terms indicating orientation are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limitations. For example, "upper" and "lower" are not necessarily limited to directions opposite to or consistent with the direction of gravity.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0033] It should be noted that "axial arrangement" means that the overall arrangement direction is along the axial direction, including but not limited to axial extension, and may be at an angle to the axial direction.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0035] In high-altitude and frigid regions, off-grid areas (referring to areas not connected to the main power grid, not necessarily areas without electricity), or semi-off-grid areas, there is a high demand for low-cost, highly reliable, and maintenance-free solid sensible heat storage devices. This application provides a solid sensible heat storage device that uses solid sensible heat filler to coat a carbon skeleton 12, enhancing the heat transfer performance of the energy storage device and reducing the oxidation of carbon materials under high-temperature conditions, thereby achieving high thermal conductivity, oxidation resistance, and low-cost energy storage and heating.

[0036] Specifically, please see Figures 1 to 6 This application provides a solid sensible heat storage device, including a shell 10, a carbon skeleton 12, heat storage filler and a heating element. The shell 10 is provided with a closed cavity 11, the carbon skeleton 12 is disposed in the cavity 11, the heat storage filler is a solid sensible heat filler, the heat storage filler fills the cavity 11 and covers the carbon skeleton 12, the heating element is in contact with the carbon skeleton 12, the heating element generates heat and transfers heat to the carbon skeleton 12, thereby heating the heat storage filler, realizing efficient heat transfer and energy storage.

[0037] The cavity 11 of the shell 10 is mainly used to house internal components, such as the carbon skeleton 12, heat storage filler, and heating elements. During operation, the cavity 11 is sealed to prevent leakage of the heat storage filler. The carbon skeleton 12 is continuous to form a continuous heat-conducting network, enhancing the heat transfer path and improving heat transfer efficiency and temperature distribution uniformity. The heat storage filler, filling the cavity 11 and covering the carbon skeleton 12, provides oxygen protection, reducing carbon material oxidation and waste. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for additional anti-oxidation coatings, simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing production costs.

[0038] In some embodiments of this application, the topology of the carbon skeleton 12 is a three-dimensional spoke-like, three-dimensional network-like, or three-dimensional layer-like structure. The topology of the carbon skeleton 12 can be customized according to actual heat transfer requirements to expand the applicable scenarios. Specifically, the three-dimensional spoke-like carbon skeleton 12 is suitable for scenarios with radial heat transfer requirements, enabling rapid heat diffusion from the center to the surroundings or from the surroundings to the center; the three-dimensional network-like carbon skeleton 12 is suitable for scenarios with multi-directional heat transfer requirements, enabling rapid heat transfer to the surroundings; and the three-dimensional layer-like carbon skeleton 12 is suitable for scenarios with planar heat transfer requirements, enabling rapid heat transfer along a planar surface.

[0039] It is important to note that the "topological structure of carbon-12 skeleton" here refers to the macroscopic morphology formed by the assembly of the skeleton, rather than the atomic topological structure of carbon.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments of this application, the volume ratio of the carbon skeleton 12 to the volume of the cavity 11 is 0.2 to 0.4. Under this configuration, compared with the use of pure solid heat storage filler, its overall equivalent thermal conductivity is significantly improved, the heat charging and discharging time is shortened, the problem of slow heat transfer rate is effectively solved, and under the topological design of the carbon skeleton 12, the heat storage temperature distribution in the cavity 11 is more uniform.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, the thermal storage filler is an industrial solid waste base material, specifically including one or more of fly ash, steel slag, and slag. In other words, the thermal storage filler can be fly ash, steel slag, slag, or a mixture of two of fly ash, steel slag, and slag, or a mixture of all three.

[0042] Replacing traditional solid thermal energy storage materials such as metals, ceramics, and pure carbon with industrial solid waste offers several advantages. Industrial solid waste is abundant, low-cost, and possesses good thermal stability. Using it as a heat storage filler in solid sensible heat energy storage allows for its reuse, reducing waste disposal costs and improving environmental benefits. However, the intrinsic thermal conductivity of industrial solid waste is only 0.2~0.5 W / (m·K), resulting in slow heat charging and discharging rates, which cannot meet the rapid heat charging and discharging requirements of various energy storage devices or systems. In this application, based on the enhanced heat transfer effect of the carbon skeleton 12, combined with industrial solid waste as a heat storage filler, a high thermal conductivity, low-cost solid sensible heat energy storage device is constructed.

[0043] The ratio of the volume of the heat storage packing to the volume of the cavity 11 is 0.6 to 0.8 to ensure that the carbon skeleton 12 can be encapsulated.

[0044] The heating element includes a heating tube 13 disposed inside the carbon skeleton 12, and / or the heating element includes a heating plate 14 attached to the outer wall of the carbon skeleton 12. Specifically, the heating element can be set according to the actual heat transfer requirements.

[0045] Furthermore, the heating element 14 is disposed between the housing 10 and the carbon skeleton 12, and the side of the heating element 14 facing the housing 10 is provided with a heat insulation layer 15 to prevent the heat generated by the heating element 14 from being directly transferred and lost to the housing 10.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, the outer wall of the housing 10 is provided with a heat exchange assembly 16. The heat exchange assembly 16 includes heat dissipation fins fixed to the outer wall of the housing 10, and / or, the heat exchange assembly 16 includes a radiation coating applied to the outer wall of the housing 10. In other words, the heat exchange assembly 16 may be heat dissipation fins provided on the outer wall of the housing 10, or it may be a radiation coating applied to the outer wall of the housing 10, or the heat exchange assembly 16 may be in the form of heat dissipation fins combined with a radiation coating on the outer wall of the housing 10. It is understood that this heat dissipation method is a completely passive heat dissipation method, relying on natural convection and / or thermal radiation to release heat, without the need for a moving structure, thus improving reliability and reducing subsequent maintenance.

[0047] In addition, the heat exchange components 16 can be evenly arranged on the outer wall of the shell 10 according to the actual heat release requirements, or the arrangement density of the heat exchange components 16 can be reasonably adjusted to achieve targeted heat release. Generally, the greater the arrangement density of the heat exchange components 16, the more concentrated the heat release.

[0048] Specifically, this application provides embodiments of the following three solid sensible heat storage devices.

[0049] Example 1:

[0050] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the carbon skeleton 12 is constructed from 70 W / (m·K) industrial carbon plates in a radial three-dimensional spoke-like skeleton structure. There are eight spokes evenly arranged. The carbon plate thickness is 60 mm, and the carbon plate density is 1.5 g / cm³. 3 The specific heat capacity is 0.9 kJ / (kg·K), and the volume of the carbon skeleton 12 accounts for 30% of the volume of the cavity 11.

[0051] The thermal storage filler is a mixture of fly ash and steel slag at a mass ratio of 7:3. The average thermal conductivity of the mixture is 0.39 W / (m·K), and the average density is 1.21 g / cm³. 3 The average specific heat capacity is 0.97 kJ / (kg・K).

[0052] The shell 10 is made of 3mm thick carbon steel and is a hollow cylinder. An internal fixing bracket 17 is used to fix the carbon skeleton 12. When the carbon skeleton 12 is placed inside the cavity 11, its thickness direction is consistent with the cylindrical height direction of the shell 10. The bracket 17 can be integrally formed with the shell 10, or it can be fixed inside the shell 10 by welding. It is important to note that, while ensuring the stability of the carbon skeleton 12, the size of the bracket 17 should be as small as possible to avoid affecting heat transfer.

[0053] The heating element is a heating tube 13 with a diameter of 50 mm. The heating tube 13 is built into the carbon skeleton 12 and extends along the thickness direction of the carbon skeleton 12. That is, in this embodiment, the heating tube 13 heats the carbon skeleton 12 at the center, and the heat is transferred from the center to the surrounding area.

[0054] In addition, in this embodiment, a mounting hole (not shown) for mounting the heating tube 13 can be reserved in the center of the carbon skeleton 12, and the heating tube 13 is interference-fitted with the mounting hole.

[0055] The heat exchange assembly 16 uses aluminum heat dissipation fins, which are fixed to the outer wall of the housing 10 and extend radially outward along the housing 10. In addition, in this embodiment, the heat dissipation fins are evenly arranged circumferentially along the outer wall of the housing 10.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the carbon skeleton 12 is constructed using 90 W / (m·K) pitch-based carbon strips in a three-dimensional mesh structure. There are twelve carbon strips, each with a side length of 150 mm. The mesh spacing of the three-dimensional mesh structure is 233 mm, and the carbon strip density is 1.6 g / cm³. 3 The specific heat capacity is 0.85 kJ / (kg·K), and the volume of the carbon skeleton 12 accounts for 25% of the volume of the cavity 11.

[0058] The thermal storage filler is made of a mixture of slag and fly ash at a mass ratio of 6:4. The average thermal conductivity of the mixture is 0.42 W / (m·K), and the average density is 1.26 g / cm³. 3 The average specific heat capacity is 0.97 kJ / (kg・K).

[0059] In this embodiment, the shell 10 is also made of 3mm thick carbon steel, and has a hollow cuboid shape. An internal fixing bracket 17 is used to fix the carbon skeleton 12. When the carbon skeleton 12 is placed inside the cavity 11, its three-dimensional mesh structure fits the cavity 11. Similarly, the bracket 17 can be integrally formed with the shell 10, or the bracket 17 can be fixed inside the shell 10 by welding. It should be noted that, while ensuring the stability of the carbon skeleton 12, the size of the bracket 17 should be as small as possible to avoid affecting the heat transfer effect.

[0060] The heating element is a heating element 14, which is in contact with the outer end face of the carbon skeleton 12. An insulation layer 15 is provided between the heating element 14 and the inner wall of the shell 10.

[0061] The heat exchange component 16 uses aluminum heat dissipation fins, which are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the outer wall of the housing 10.

[0062] Example 3:

[0063] See Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the carbon skeleton 12 is constructed from four industrial carbon plates with a strength of 70 W / (m·K) in a three-dimensional layered structure. It is important to note that the carbon skeleton 12 does not refer to a single carbon plate, but rather to a three-dimensional layered skeleton structure composed of multiple carbon plates. The carbon plates are 62.5 mm thick, arranged in parallel with a spacing of 150 mm, and have a density of 1.5 g / cm³. 3 The specific heat capacity is 0.9 kJ / (kg·K), and the volume of the carbon skeleton 12 accounts for 25% of the volume of the cavity 11.

[0064] The thermal storage filler is made of fly ash and slag mixed at a mass ratio of 6:4. The average thermal conductivity of the mixture is 0.38 W / (m·K), and the average density is 1.13 g / cm³. 3 The average specific heat capacity is 0.98 kJ / (kg・K).

[0065] In this embodiment, the shell 10 is also made of 3mm thick carbon steel and has a hollow cuboid shape. The internal fixing bracket 17 is used to fix the carbon skeleton 12. Similarly, the bracket 17 can be integrally formed with the shell 10, or the bracket 17 can be fixed inside the shell 10 by welding. It should be noted that, while ensuring the stability of the carbon skeleton 12, the size of the bracket 17 should be as small as possible to avoid affecting the heat transfer effect.

[0066] The heating element is a heating element 14, which contacts the outer end face of each carbon plate in the carbon skeleton 12. A heat insulation layer 15 is provided between the heating element 14 and the inner wall of the shell 10.

[0067] The heat exchange component 16 uses aluminum heat dissipation fins, which are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the outer wall of the housing 10.

[0068] The solid sensible heat storage devices in the above three embodiments can be customized according to actual needs. For example, the energy storage device in Embodiment 1 is mainly used for cylindrical standard thermal storage units with low loads; the energy storage device in Embodiment 2 is mainly used for square thermal storage units using surface heat sources, which balances performance and cost; the energy storage device in Embodiment 3 is mainly used for surface heat transfer and is suitable for low-load vertical thermal storage units that require stable and uniform heat release.

[0069] Of course, in practical applications, the carbon skeleton 12 form with corresponding three-dimensional topological structure can be constructed based on actual needs.

[0070] This application also provides an energy storage system, including a solid sensible heat storage device as described in any of the above embodiments, which improves heat transfer performance and energy storage efficiency, reduces production costs and subsequent maintenance costs. The carbon skeleton 12 in the device can be customized based on the actual heat transfer direction requirements, and has a wide range of applications. The heat storage filler can reuse industrial solid waste and also improve environmental protection benefits.

[0071] In some embodiments of this application, the solid sensible heat storage device in the energy storage system has a charging temperature of 150°C to 250°C, a charging time of 6 hours to 9 hours, and a heat release time of 25 hours to 35 hours, which meets the heat usage requirements.

[0072] Furthermore, the energy storage system includes multiple solid sensible heat storage devices, which are connected in series and / or in parallel. Specifically, the multiple solid sensible heat storage devices can be combined in series, in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel, and can be flexibly configured according to actual heating needs.

[0073] This application also provides a method for constructing a solid sensible heat storage device, used to construct a solid sensible heat storage device as described in any of the above embodiments. Specifically, the construction method includes the following steps: First, obtaining the heat transfer direction of the target charge / discharge, and determining the topological structure of the carbon skeleton 12, such as a three-dimensional spoke structure, a three-dimensional mesh structure, or a three-dimensional layered structure. Second, mixing carbon-based raw materials with a binder, pressing them into shape, and then calcining them in an inert atmosphere (such as nitrogen or argon) to obtain the carbon skeleton 12. Then, installing the carbon skeleton 12 into the cavity 11 of the shell 10. Next, installing the heating element. Finally, filling the cavity 11 with heat storage filler, vibrating and compacting the heat storage filler, and then sealing the cavity 11 of the shell 10.

[0074] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0075] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solid sensible heat storage device, characterized in that, include: The housing (10) has a closed cavity (11). A carbon skeleton (12) is disposed within the cavity (11); A heat storage packing material, wherein the heat storage packing material is a solid sensible heat packing material, the heat storage packing material fills the cavity (11) and covers the carbon skeleton (12); and A heating element that is attached to the carbon skeleton (12).

2. The solid sensible heat energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The topological structure of the carbon skeleton (12) is a three-dimensional spoke-shaped, three-dimensional mesh-shaped, or three-dimensional layered structure; And / or, the ratio of the volume of the carbon skeleton (12) to the volume of the cavity (11) is 0.2 to 0.

4.

3. The solid sensible heat energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating element includes a heating tube (13), which is disposed inside the carbon skeleton (12); And / or, the heating element includes a heating element (14) that is attached to the outer wall of the carbon skeleton (12).

4. The solid sensible heat energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heating element (14) is disposed between the housing (10) and the carbon skeleton (12), and the heating element (14) has a heat insulation layer (15) on the side facing the housing (10).

5. The solid sensible heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the housing (10) is provided with a heat exchange assembly (16), the heat exchange assembly (16) includes heat dissipation fins fixed to the outer wall of the housing (10), and / or, the heat exchange assembly (16) includes a radiation coating applied to the outer wall of the housing (10).

6. The solid sensible heat energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal storage filler is an industrial solid waste base material, which includes one or more of fly ash, steel slag and mineral slag. And / or, the ratio of the volume of the heat storage packing to the volume of the cavity (11) is 0.6 to 0.

8.

7. An energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes the solid sensible heat storage device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The solid sensible heat storage device has a charging temperature of 150℃~250℃, a charging time of 6h~9h, and a heat release time of 25h~35h.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes multiple solid sensible heat storage devices, which are connected in series and / or in parallel.

10. A method for constructing a solid sensible heat energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Obtain the heat transfer direction of the target charge and discharge, and determine the topology of the carbon skeleton (12); The carbon-based raw materials are mixed with a binder, pressed into shape, and then calcined in an inert atmosphere to obtain a carbon skeleton (12). The carbon skeleton (12) is installed in the cavity (11) of the housing (10); Install heating elements; Fill the cavity (11) with heat storage filler, vibrate and compact the heat storage filler, and then seal the cavity (11) of the shell (10).

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