A multi-dimensional sensor-based dangerous house wall crack detection device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of wall crack detection technology for dilapidated buildings, and discloses a multi-dimensional wall crack detection device for dilapidated buildings based on sensors, including: a tripod for installation support; an ultrasonic sensor for depth detection of wall cracks; a visual sensor for measuring the width and recording the shape of wall cracks, and planning the scanning path of the ultrasonic sensor; and a two-axis adjustment system for moving the ultrasonic sensor according to the scanning path. This invention combines crack width imaging by a visual sensor with depth ultrasonic detection by an ultrasonic sensor, along with interlayer displacement calculation by a dual three-axis tilt sensor and a laser emitter and target settlement system, to simultaneously acquire crack geometry, dynamic activity, and settlement data, comprehensively determine the cause and hazard level of cracks, and achieve comprehensive, accurate, and efficient detection of wall cracks in dilapidated buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wall crack detection technology for dilapidated buildings, specifically a sensor-based multi-dimensional wall crack detection device for dilapidated buildings. Background Technology

[0002] my country has a large number of old residential buildings, masonry structures, and dilapidated buildings in its urban and rural stock. Under the long-term effects of uneven foundation settlement, material aging, temperature stress, external loads, and environmental erosion, the walls are prone to structural damage such as cracking, deformation, and displacement. Cracks, as the most typical and direct manifestation of damage in dilapidated buildings, directly reflect the structural safety status through their width, length, depth, direction, opening and closing displacement, tilt angle changes, and propagation rate. Failure to detect and warn of cracks in dilapidated building walls in a timely and accurate manner can easily lead to leakage, reduced load-bearing capacity, local instability, and even overall collapse, seriously threatening the lives and property of residents and public safety. Therefore, conducting high-precision, multi-dimensional, continuous, and intelligent detection of cracks in the walls of dilapidated buildings has become a core technical aspect of dilapidated building assessment, risk identification, and reinforcement.

[0003] Currently, wall crack detection still relies mainly on traditional manual inspections and single-parameter measurements, which generally suffer from the following technical shortcomings: First, it is highly dependent on manual labor and subject to strong subjectivity. It mainly relies on tools such as rulers, feeler gauges, and crack microscopes for on-site interpretation and recording. The results are significantly affected by personnel experience, eyesight, lighting conditions, and work attitude, resulting in poor data accuracy, consistency, and traceability. Second, the detection dimensions are limited and the information is incomplete. Conventional equipment can only obtain two-dimensional parameters such as surface width and cannot simultaneously measure crack depth, internal extension, relative displacement, etc., leading to conservative or misjudgment in safety assessments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a sensor-based multi-dimensional wall crack detection device for dilapidated buildings. It mainly aims to solve the problems of poor accuracy, consistency, and traceability of manual inspection data, resulting in incomplete information acquisition and leading to conservative or misjudgment in safety assessments.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A sensor-based multi-dimensional wall crack detection device for dilapidated buildings includes:

[0007] A tripod is used for mounting and supporting.

[0008] An ultrasonic sensor, used for detecting the depth of cracks in a wall;

[0009] A visual sensor is used to measure the width and record the shape of wall cracks, and to plan the scanning path of the ultrasonic sensor.

[0010] A two-axis adjustment system is used to move the ultrasonic sensor according to the scanning path;

[0011] At least two triaxial tilt sensors are installed on both sides of the wall crack to detect the morphology of the wall crack.

[0012] A rapid settlement detection system includes at least two sets of laser emitters and targets. The laser emitters are mounted on a two-axis adjustment system, and the two targets are respectively mounted on the walls or structural columns on both sides of the crack.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the tripod is characterized in that a rotating base is rotatably mounted on the top of the tripod via a damping shaft, and a measuring mounting frame and a counterweight mounting frame are fixedly connected to the top of the rotating base. The two-axis adjustment system is installed on one side of the measuring mounting frame, and a counterweight block for maintaining the balance of the center of gravity is installed on one side of the counterweight mounting frame.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the measuring mounting frame is characterized in that a control box is fixedly connected to one side, and a battery, a processor, a communication module are installed in the control box, and the battery, processor, communication module, ultrasonic sensor, vision sensor, two-axis adjustment system, three-axis tilt sensor and laser emitter are electrically connected.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the dual-axis adjustment system includes a vertical ball screw linear module and a horizontal ball screw linear module. The vertical ball screw linear module is fixedly connected to one side of the measuring mounting frame, and a height adjustment mechanism is provided between the vertical ball screw linear module and the horizontal ball screw linear module.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the height adjustment mechanism includes a height adjustment frame fixedly connected to one side of the slide table of the vertical ball screw linear module, a height adjustment block slidably installed inside the height adjustment frame, a rotating side seat rotatably installed on one side of the height adjustment block, the horizontal ball screw linear module fixedly connected to the end of the rotating side seat, and a locking mechanism provided between the rotating side seat and the height adjustment block, and between the height adjustment block and the height adjustment frame.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism includes a rotary indexing pin and a height adjustment indexing pin. The rotary indexing pin is threadedly installed on one side of the rotary side seat, and the end of the rotary indexing pin is inserted into the side of the rotating end of the height adjustment block. Multiple height adjustment holes are provided on both sides of the height adjustment frame at equal intervals. The height adjustment indexing pin is threadedly installed on both sides of the height adjustment block, and the end of the height adjustment indexing pin can be inserted into the height adjustment hole.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is characterized in that a sensor bracket is fixedly connected to one side of the transverse ball screw linear module slide, and an ultrasonic sensor and a vision sensor are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the sensor bracket.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the two laser emitters are respectively installed at both ends of the transverse ball screw linear module, and double-sided adhesive is provided on one side of the target.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the triaxial tilt sensor is characterized in that a connecting frame is fixedly connected to one side, and the connecting frame can be installed on a wall.

[0021] A sensor-based multi-dimensional method for detecting cracks in the walls of dilapidated buildings includes the following steps:

[0022] S1: The shape of the wall crack is captured and recorded by a visual sensor, and the formation path is calculated. Then, the ultrasonic sensor uses a two-axis adjustment system to track and detect the crack along this path.

[0023] S2: Complete the measurement of the width and depth of the wall cracks;

[0024] S3: Then, by installing the two triaxial tilt sensors on both sides of the wall crack respectively, the tilt angle of the wall itself is monitored to determine whether it is a static crack or an active crack.

[0025] S4: At the same time, targets are installed on the side of the structural column and the side of the wall next to the crack. By cooperating with the laser emitter and the target, the wall or structural column is detected to determine whether settlement has occurred, and the factors causing the wall crack are estimated in the preliminary judgment.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a sensor-based multi-dimensional detection device for cracks in dilapidated building walls, which has the following advantages: This invention combines crack width imaging by a visual sensor with depth ultrasonic detection by an ultrasonic sensor, along with interlayer displacement calculation by a dual triaxial tilt sensor and a laser emitter and target settlement system, to simultaneously acquire crack geometry, dynamic activity, and settlement data, comprehensively determine the cause and hazard level of cracks, and achieve comprehensive, accurate, and efficient detection of cracks in dilapidated building walls; and ensures stability through an adjustable tripod with counterweights; and achieves height adjustment and 90° folding storage of the horizontal ball screw linear module through a height adjustment mechanism, adapting to cracks of different heights and improving portability. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the detection status of a sensor-based multi-dimensional dilapidated building wall crack detection device proposed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the triaxial tilt sensor and connecting frame structure of a sensor-based multidimensional dilapidated building wall crack detection device proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a sensor-based multi-dimensional dilapidated building wall crack detection device proposed in this invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the two-axis adjustment system of a sensor-based multi-dimensional dilapidated building wall crack detection device proposed in this invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This invention proposes a sensor-based multi-dimensional wall crack detection device for dilapidated buildings. Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of part A;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the crack proximity to the structural column of a sensor-based multi-dimensional dilapidated building wall crack detection device proposed in this invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a sensor-based multi-dimensional wall crack detection device for dilapidated buildings, as proposed in this invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Tripod; 2. Two-axis adjustment system; 3. Ultrasonic sensor; 4. Vision sensor; 5. Laser emitter; 6. Target; 7. Three-axis tilt sensor; 701. Connecting frame; 8. Counterweight; 9. Control box; 10. Rotating base; 1001. Measuring mounting frame; 1002. Counterweight mounting frame; 201. Vertical ball screw linear module; 202. Height adjustment frame; 20201. Height adjustment hole; 20202. Height adjustment block; 20203. Height adjustment indexing pin; 203. Rotating side seat; 20301. Rotating indexing pin; 204. Horizontal ball screw linear module; 20401. Sensor bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0036] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-7 As shown, a sensor-based multi-dimensional wall crack detection device for dilapidated buildings includes: a tripod 1 for mounting support. The tripod 1 is an existing technology, and an adjustable tripod is selected, which has the functions of height adjustment and folding for storage. A rotating base 10 is rotatably mounted on the top of the tripod 1 via a damping pivot. A measuring mounting frame 1001 and a counterweight mounting frame 1002 are fixed to the top of the rotating base 10 by bolts. A two-axis adjustment system 2 is installed on one side of the measuring mounting frame 1001, and a counterweight block 8 is installed on one side of the counterweight mounting frame 1002 to maintain the balance of the center of gravity. The stability of the tripod 1 is further improved by the counterweight block 8.

[0039] A control box 9 is bolted to one side of the measuring mounting bracket 1001. The control box 9 contains a battery, a processor (STM32H7 series can be selected), a communication module, and is electrically connected to an ultrasonic sensor 3, a vision sensor 4, a two-axis adjustment system 2, a three-axis tilt sensor 7, and a laser emitter 5, thus forming an intelligent sensor system for comprehensive, accurate, and efficient detection of cracks in the walls of dilapidated buildings.

[0040] The two-axis adjustment system 2 includes a vertical ball screw linear module 201 and a horizontal ball screw linear module 204. The vertical ball screw linear module 201 is fixed to one side of the measuring mounting frame 1001 by bolts. The horizontal ball screw linear module 204 is installed on one side of the slide of the vertical ball screw linear module 201 by a height adjustment mechanism. A sensor bracket 20401 is fixed to one side of the slide of the horizontal ball screw linear module 204 by bolts. An ultrasonic sensor 3 and a vision sensor 4 are respectively installed at both ends of the sensor bracket 20401. The ultrasonic sensor 3 is an air-coupled ultrasonic sensor, thereby realizing constant distance non-contact crack depth detection.

[0041] The vision sensor 4 (which can be an MV-CH series industrial camera) is used to acquire the shape image of the wall crack and feed it back to the processor. Then, the width and shape of the wall crack are calculated and recorded. The scanning path (crack center line) of the ultrasonic sensor 3 is planned. Then, through the cooperation of the vertical ball screw linear module 201 and the horizontal ball screw linear module 204, the ultrasonic sensor 3 is moved along the scanning path (crack center line) to complete the detection of the depth of the wall crack.

[0042] Specifically:

[0043] Crack surface width measurement (based on images acquired by vision sensor 4).

[0044] After calibration, the pixel size is proportional to the actual size:

[0045]

[0046] in The crack width is in mm. This represents the number of pixels occupied in the normal direction of the crack. The calibration factor (mm / pixel) can be obtained by photographing a calibration plate of known size.

[0047] Crack depth measurement (based on air-coupled ultrasonic sensor), pulse reflection method (single probe perpendicular incidence):

[0048] The ultrasonic sensor probe has a fixed air gap between itself and the wall surface. ;

[0049] The speed of sound in air is ≈340m / s;

[0050] The velocity of sound in concrete;

[0051] The time from the emission to the reflected echo from the tip of the receiving slit;

[0052] The round-trip path of the sound wave is: probe → air ( → Concrete surface → Crack tip (depth) → Concrete surface → Air ( → Probe.

[0053] Total round trip time recorded satisfy:

[0054]

[0055] Therefore, the crack depth is:

[0056]

[0057] It should be noted that the ultrasonic sensor 3 moves along the path via the biaxial adjustment system 2, and maintains a constant distance from the wall during the movement.

[0058] In order to facilitate the storage and folding of the two-axis adjustment system 2, and because the height of the tripod 1 is limited and it is difficult to detect when the wall crack is too high, a height adjustment mechanism is set up to adjust the initial height of the horizontal ball screw linear module 204.

[0059] Specifically, the height adjustment mechanism includes a height adjustment frame 202 that is bolted to one side of the slide of the vertical ball screw linear module 201. A height adjustment block 20202 is slidably installed inside the height adjustment frame 202. A rotating side seat 203 is rotatably installed on one side of the height adjustment block 20202. The horizontal ball screw linear module 204 is bolted to the end of the rotating side seat 203. Locking mechanisms (rotary indexing pin 20301 and height adjustment indexing pin 20203) are provided between the rotating side seat 203 and the height adjustment block 20202, and between the height adjustment block 20202 and the height adjustment frame 202.

[0060] The rotary indexing pin 20301 is threadedly installed on one side of the rotary side seat 203, and the end of the rotary indexing pin 20301 is inserted into the side of the rotating end of the height adjustment block 20202. It should be noted that four pin holes are opened around the rotating end of the height adjustment block 20202, and the four pin holes are distributed in a circumferential array. Therefore, the end of the rotary indexing pin 20301 can be inserted into one of the four pin holes, thereby realizing the transformation of the transverse ball screw linear module 204 in different states in the transverse and vertical directions. Multiple height adjustment holes 20201 are opened on both sides of the height adjustment frame 202. The height adjustment indexing pin 20203 is threadedly installed on both sides of the height adjustment block 20202, and the end of the height adjustment indexing pin 20203 can be inserted into the height adjustment hole 20201.

[0061] When in use, if the crack location exceeds the original detection height range, simply rotate the height adjustment indexing pins 20203 on both sides so that their ends rotate out of the corresponding height adjustment holes 20201 in the height adjustment frame 202. Then, directly push the height adjustment block 20202 to slide upward along the inside of the height adjustment frame 202. After the height adjustment block 20202 moves to the specified height, re-insert the ends of the height adjustment indexing pins 20203 into the corresponding height adjustment holes 20201 to complete the height locking.

[0062] If the horizontal ball screw linear module 204 needs to be folded and stored, the indexing pin 20301 can be rotated, and the rotating side seat 203 can be rotated directly to adjust the angle. After adjustment, the indexing pin 20301 can be rotated and inserted into the corresponding positioning hole of the height adjustment block 20202 to lock it. The operation is simple and can be flexibly adapted to the needs of wall crack detection at different heights. It can also fold and store the horizontal ball screw linear module 204, making it more portable.

[0063] The visual sensor 4 and ultrasonic sensor 3 can only measure wall cracks and cannot predict the crack state. Therefore, at least two triaxial tilt sensors 7 are required. The two triaxial tilt sensors 7 are installed on both sides of the wall crack to detect the shape of the wall crack. It should be noted that the installation planes of the two triaxial tilt sensors 7 are parallel and the baseline direction is consistent to reduce errors.

[0064] The three-axis tilt sensor 7 (YT-602X can be used) has a connecting bracket 701 fixed to one side by bolts. The connecting bracket 701 can be installed on the wall by adhesive bonding or screw fixing. Screw fixing is to install expansion screws on the wall.

[0065] Specifically, the inter-layer displacement calculation of the dual triaxial tilt sensor:

[0066] Suppose that dual triaxial tilt sensors A and B are installed on the walls on both sides of the crack, with a height difference (vertical spacing) of . ;

[0067] The angles of inclination of both sides around the same horizontal axis at a certain moment were measured as follows: and (radians), then the shear direction is relative to the horizontal displacement. It can be approximated as:

[0068]

[0069] At small angles:

[0070] Through time series analysis The rate of change can be used to determine the activity level of the fracture.

[0071] Using data from dual triaxial tilt sensors, according to the formula Calculate the average displacement rate (mm / month) between two consecutive measurements:

[0072]

[0073] S is the cumulative relative shear displacement during the observation period ( Based on a comprehensive judgment of rate and cumulative amount:

[0074] Table 1: Determination of Fracture Activity

[0075] Stable (static fracture) v ≤ 0.05 S <0.5 The cracks remain almost unchanged, or may undergo reversible micro-movements due to temperature and humidity. Regular inspections should be conducted, maintaining the minimum monitoring frequency (e.g., once per month). Micromotion (dormant fissure) 0.05 <v ≤0.2 0.5 ≤ S <2 It is developing very slowly and may be affected by the seasons, but the structure is still safe. Increase the monitoring frequency to once every half month and observe whether the rate converges. Slowly developing cracks 0.2 <v ≤1.0 2 ≤ S <5 The cracks continue to expand, leading to cumulative damage, which warrants attention. Intensive monitoring (once a week) is conducted, and comprehensive judgment is made based on settlement and tilt data to prepare support plans. Rapidly expanding cracks 1.0 <v ≤5.0 5 ≤ S <15 The cracking is accelerating significantly, the structure may be in danger, and there is a risk of shear failure. Real-time / hourly monitoring provides immediate warnings and emergency measures such as evacuation of residents and temporary support. Dramatic Change (Dangerous Rift) v > 5.0 or suddenly increases S ≥ 15 or sudden malfunction A sudden shift occurred, and the structure is on the verge of instability or partial collapse. If the alarm continues to sound, immediately activate the emergency response, evacuate personnel, and strictly prohibit approaching.

[0076] Table 1

[0077] It should be noted that:

[0078] The rate unit is "mm / month" for easy long-term monitoring; if high-frequency sampling is required, it can be converted to "mm / d": 1 mm / month ≈ 0.033 mm / d;

[0079] When the change in tilt angle occurs with rapid acceleration (acceleration) When the rate of expansion does not reach the rapid expansion limit, the danger level should be increased.

[0080] Set monitoring time series Corresponding displacement ,time The instantaneous rate can be obtained using the central difference method:

[0081]

[0082] Moving average windows (e.g., using 5 points) can smooth out noise and obtain the average rate trend;

[0083] If only the grade is to be determined, the average rate of the last interval can be used directly. Perform interpretation and combine View the cumulative deformation.

[0084] At the same time, a quick settlement detection system is set up, which includes at least two sets of laser emitters 5 and targets 6. The laser emitters 5 (Leica Lino L2P5 can be selected) are installed on the two-axis adjustment system 2. The two laser emitters 5 are respectively installed at both ends of the transverse ball screw linear module 204. Double-sided adhesive is provided on one side of the target 6. The two targets 6 are respectively installed on the walls or structural columns on both sides of the crack.

[0085] The target 6 is used to detect whether the walls on both sides of the crack have settled, such as between the wall and the structural column, or between the walls. The location of the target 6 depends on the situation. This is used to make a preliminary judgment and estimate the factors that cause the wall crack.

[0086] After the target 6 is attached, the position of the laser emitters 5 at both ends of the horizontal ball screw linear module 204 needs to be adjusted to ensure that the two laser emitters 5 are set to correspond with the two targets 6.

[0087] Specifically, settlement detection includes:

[0088] Let the initial position of the laser spot on the target be... (mm), No. The measurement was The settlement of the wall (or structural column) relative to the stability datum. for:

[0089]

[0090] The angle between the laser beam and the vertical direction.

[0091] If the laser is emitted horizontally and the target is installed vertically, then it is directly: (Downward is positive).

[0092] It should be noted that tripod 1 is the stability reference.

[0093] The present invention is used in the following steps:

[0094] S1: Deploy tripod 1 and two-axis adjustment system 2, and counterweight 8 completes the counterweight adjustment;

[0095] S2: Adjust the position and height of the transverse ball screw linear module 204 according to the crack detection location through the height adjustment mechanism;

[0096] S3: The visual sensor 4 is used to acquire the shape image of the wall crack, feed it back to the processor, and then plan the scanning path of the ultrasonic sensor 3. Then, through the cooperation of the vertical ball screw linear module 201 and the horizontal ball screw linear module 204, the ultrasonic sensor 3 moves along the scanning path.

[0097] S4: Then, the width of the crack surface is measured based on the image acquired by the visual sensor 4, and the depth of the crack is measured based on the ultrasonic sensor 3.

[0098] S5: Install triaxial tilt sensors 7 on both sides of the wall crack, and determine the degree of crack activity by calculating the inter-layer displacement through dual triaxial tilt sensors 7;

[0099] S6: At the same time, the two targets 6 are installed on the walls or structural columns on both sides of the crack. Then, the positions of the laser emitters 5 at both ends of the horizontal ball screw linear module 204 are adjusted to ensure that the two laser emitters 5 are set in correspondence with the two targets 6. Settlement detection is carried out to complete the preliminary judgment and estimation of the factors causing the wall crack.

[0100] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0101] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sensor-based multi-dimensional dangerous house wall crack detection device, characterized in that, include: Tripod (1), used for mounting support; An ultrasonic sensor (3) is used for depth detection of wall cracks; A visual sensor (4) is used to measure the width and record the shape of the wall cracks and to plan the scanning path of the ultrasonic sensor (3). A two-axis adjustment system (2) is used to move the ultrasonic sensor (3) according to the scanning path; At least two triaxial tilt sensors (7) are installed on both sides of the wall crack to detect the shape of the wall crack; A quick settlement detection system includes at least two sets of laser emitters (5) and targets (6). The laser emitters (5) are installed on a two-axis adjustment system (2), and the two targets (6) are respectively installed on the walls or structural columns on both sides of the crack.

2. A sensor-based multi-dimensional crack detection device for a wall of a building in danger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the tripod (1) is rotatably mounted on a rotating base (10) via a damping shaft. The top of the rotating base (10) is fixedly connected to a measuring mounting frame (1001) and a counterweight mounting frame (1002) arranged opposite to each other. The two-axis adjustment system (2) is installed on one side of the measuring mounting frame (1001), and a counterweight block (8) for maintaining the balance of the center of gravity is installed on one side of the counterweight mounting frame (1002).

3. A sensor-based multi-dimensional crack detection device for a wall of a building in danger according to claim 2, characterized in that, A control box (9) is fixedly connected to one side of the measuring mounting bracket (1001). The control box (9) contains a battery, a processor, a communication module, and is electrically connected to an ultrasonic sensor (3), a vision sensor (4), a two-axis adjustment system (2), a three-axis tilt sensor (7), and a laser emitter (5).

4. The sensor-based multi-dimensional crack detection device for a wall of a building in danger according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two-axis adjustment system (2) includes a vertical ball screw linear module (201) and a horizontal ball screw linear module (204). The vertical ball screw linear module (201) is fixedly connected to one side of the measuring mounting frame (1001). A height adjustment mechanism is provided between the vertical ball screw linear module (201) and the horizontal ball screw linear module (204).

5. A sensor-based multi-dimensional crack detection device for a wall of a building in danger according to claim 4, characterized in that, The height adjustment mechanism includes a height adjustment frame (202) fixedly connected to one side of the slide of the vertical ball screw linear module (201). A height adjustment block (20202) is slidably installed inside the height adjustment frame (202). A rotating side seat (203) is rotatably installed on one side of the height adjustment block (20202). The horizontal ball screw linear module (204) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating side seat (203). Locking mechanisms are provided between the rotating side seat (203) and the height adjustment block (20202), and between the height adjustment block (20202) and the height adjustment frame (202).

6. A sensor-based multi-dimensional crack detection device for a wall of a building in danger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The locking mechanism includes a rotary indexing pin (20301) and a height adjustment indexing pin (20203). The rotary indexing pin (20301) is threadedly installed on one side of the rotary side seat (203), and the end of the rotary indexing pin (20301) is inserted into the side of the rotating end of the height adjustment block (20202). The height adjustment frame (202) has multiple height adjustment holes (20201) distributed at equal intervals on both sides. The height adjustment indexing pin (20203) is threadedly installed on both sides of the height adjustment block (20202), and the end of the height adjustment indexing pin (20203) can be inserted into the height adjustment hole (20201).

7. The sensor-based multi-dimensional dilapidated building wall crack detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sensor bracket (20401) is fixedly connected to one side of the slide of the transverse ball screw linear module (204), and an ultrasonic sensor (3) and a vision sensor (4) are fixedly connected to both ends of the sensor bracket (20401).

8. The sensor-based multi-dimensional dilapidated building wall crack detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two laser emitters (5) are respectively installed at both ends of the transverse ball screw linear module (204), and double-sided adhesive is provided on one side of the target (6).

9. The sensor-based multi-dimensional dilapidated building wall crack detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triaxial tilt sensor (7) is fixedly connected to a connecting frame (701) on one side, and the connecting frame (701) can be installed on the wall.

10. A sensor-based multi-dimensional method for detecting cracks in the walls of dilapidated buildings, applicable to the sensor-based multi-dimensional crack detection equipment for dilapidated buildings described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The shape of the wall crack is captured and recorded by the visual sensor (4), and the formation path is calculated. Then the ultrasonic sensor (3) uses the two-axis adjustment system (2) to track and detect the crack along this path. S2: Complete the measurement of the width and depth of the wall cracks; S3: Then, by installing two triaxial tilt sensors (7) on both sides of the wall crack respectively, the tilt angle of the wall itself is monitored to determine whether it is a static crack or an active crack. S4: At the same time, the target (6) is installed on the side of the structural column and the side of the wall next to the crack. Through the cooperation of the laser emitter (5) and the target (6), the wall or structural column is detected to determine whether settlement has occurred, and the factors causing the wall crack are estimated.

Images