A detection device and method for a detonation fracturing unit of an oil and gas well

Abstract

This invention discloses a detection device and method for deflagration fracturing units in oil and gas wells, solving the problem that existing deflagration fracturing devices lack effective monitoring methods, leading to the inability to quantify the rationality of fracturing charge design before well running. Specifically, it includes a vessel body assembly, a pressurization assembly, a pressure relief assembly, and a detonation assembly connected coaxially in sequence, as well as a detonation assembly located within the vessel body assembly. The vessel body assembly includes a cylindrical vessel body, an end cap with a coaxial cover at one end of the vessel body, and a connector located within the vessel body and connected to the end cap. The central cavity of the vessel body is a detection chamber, and multiple pressure sensors are installed on the side walls of the detection chamber. A detonator chamber for placing detonators is provided between the end cap and the connector. A first lead hole for threading the detonator lead is provided along the axis of the end cap. The pressurization assembly is connected to the other end of the vessel body. The pressure relief assembly is used to release pressure after detection. The detonation assembly is located within the detection chamber and is used to detonate the deflagration fracturing unit to be detected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a detection device and method, specifically to a detection device and method for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well. Background Technology

[0002] In the development of oil and gas wells, the research and application of production enhancement technologies have always been a key focus of the industry in order to effectively increase well production and improve formation conductivity. Explosive fracturing, as a highly efficient production enhancement technology that organically combines pyrotechnics with oil production processes, has been widely used in various oil and gas fields due to its unique operating principle and significant production enhancement effects, and has gained high recognition from oilfield clients.

[0003] The core principle of deflagration fracturing technology is to use fracturing bombs composed mainly of specific explosive materials to burn rapidly inside the wellbore of oil and gas wells. During the combustion process, high-energy gas with a specific loading rate, peak pressure and action time is formed. The high-energy gas applies fracturing work to the oil and gas layer, causing multiple radial fractures in the near-wellbore zone of the oil and gas layer to be formed without being affected by geostress. At the same time, it can effectively improve the opening degree of existing fractures in the oil and gas layer, thereby significantly reducing the oil and gas flow resistance in the near-wellbore zone, improving the formation conductivity, and ultimately achieving the goal of increasing oil and gas well production and injection.

[0004] However, despite the mature application foundation of deflagration fracturing technology and its promising production potential in actual operations, the current development and application status of deflagration fracturing units reveals numerous unresolved technical bottlenecks that severely restrict its market promotion and further development. The most prominent issue is the general lack of effective monitoring methods for fracturing effects in existing deflagration fracturing units.

[0005] Specifically, during the implementation of deflagration fracturing operations, neither the rationality of the fracturing charge design before going downhole nor the construction safety during the operation can be quantified or evaluated through scientific and precise monitoring methods.

[0006] The aforementioned technical defects not only affect the precise control of the effect of deflagration fracturing operations and the stable improvement of operation quality, but also cause the deflagration fracturing market to stagnate for a long time. This severely limits the market promotion scope and application depth of this highly efficient production enhancement technology, and prevents it from fully realizing its core value in the field of oil and gas field production enhancement.

[0007] Therefore, developing a device or method that can solve the above-mentioned technical pain points has become a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed in the field of deflagration fracturing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the technical problem that existing deflagration fracturing devices lack effective monitoring methods, resulting in the inability to quantify the rationality of fracturing charge design before well deployment and the inability to guarantee construction safety, this invention provides a detection device and method for deflagration fracturing units in oil and gas wells.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A detection device for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well is characterized in that it includes a vessel body assembly, a pressurization assembly, a pressure relief assembly, and an ignition assembly connected coaxially in sequence, and is disposed within the vessel body assembly.

[0011] The vessel assembly includes a cylindrical vessel body, an end cap with a coaxial cover mounted on one end of the vessel body, and a connector located inside the vessel body and connected to the end cap.

[0012] The central cavity of the vessel body is a detection chamber, and multiple pressure sensors are installed on the side walls of the detection chamber to detect the pressure inside the detection chamber.

[0013] A detonator compartment for placing detonators is provided between the end cap and the connector; a first lead hole for passing through the detonator lead is provided at the center of the end cap along its axis; a connecting through hole communicating with the detonator compartment is provided at the center of the connector along its axis.

[0014] The pressurization component is connected to the other end of the vessel body to simulate the target environmental conditions;

[0015] The pressure relief component is used to release pressure after the test is completed;

[0016] The detonation assembly is located inside the detection chamber and connected to the connection through hole, and is used to detonate the deflagration fracturing unit to be detected.

[0017] Furthermore, the booster assembly includes a left connecting body, a booster body, and a right connecting body, all of which are cylindrical, as well as a cylindrical sliding sleeve;

[0018] One end of the left connector is connected to the other end of the vessel body, and the other end of the left connector is connected to one end of the pressurizing body. The inner wall of the left connector is provided with a circumferential groove in the middle.

[0019] The central cavity of the pressurizing body is a pressurizing chamber, and the outer wall of the pressurizing chamber is provided with pressurizing through holes and temperature sensors;

[0020] The right connector is installed at the other end of the pressurization body and is used to connect the pressure relief assembly;

[0021] The sliding sleeve is slidably fitted into the left connecting body along the axial direction. A first pressure channel and a second pressure channel are respectively provided near both ends inside the sliding sleeve. The two openings of the first pressure channel are located on the circumferential sidewall and one end face of the sliding sleeve, respectively. The two openings of the second pressure channel are located on the circumferential sidewall and the other end face of the sliding sleeve, respectively. The minimum distance between the edges of the two openings on the circumferential sidewall of the sliding sleeve is less than the axial length of the annular groove, so that when the sliding sleeve slides within the left connecting body, the two openings on the circumferential sidewall can simultaneously communicate with the annular groove, thus enabling the first pressure channel and the second pressure channel to communicate, and consequently, the detection chamber and the pressurization chamber to communicate.

[0022] Furthermore, the booster assembly also includes a limiting ring sleeved between the booster body and the sliding sleeve, the limiting ring being slidably in contact with the inner wall of the booster body;

[0023] The outer wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a first limiting shoulder facing the detection chamber and a second limiting shoulder facing the pressurization chamber; the second limiting shoulder is located close to the pressurization chamber.

[0024] The inner wall of the left connecting body is provided with a first limiting shoulder facing the first limiting shaft shoulder. The first limiting shoulder contacts the first limiting shaft shoulder and can limit one end of the sliding sleeve.

[0025] The inner wall of the limiting ring is provided with a second limiting shoulder facing the second limiting shaft shoulder. The contact between the second limiting shoulder and the second limiting shaft shoulder can limit the other end of the sliding sleeve.

[0026] Furthermore, the first pressure channel includes a first axial channel arranged along the axis of the sliding sleeve and a first radial channel arranged along the radial direction of the sliding sleeve, and the first axial channel and the first radial channel are connected.

[0027] The second pressure channel includes a second axial channel arranged along the axis of the sliding sleeve, a second radial channel arranged along the radial direction of the sliding sleeve, and an elongated groove located on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve; the length direction of the elongated groove is axial, and the elongated groove, the second axial channel and the second radial channel are connected.

[0028] The minimum distance between the elongated groove and the edge of the first radial channel is less than the axial length of the annular groove.

[0029] Furthermore, the pressure relief assembly includes a left plug, a pressure relief body, a right plug, a left spring seat, a right spring seat, and a spring, all of which are cylindrical and coaxially arranged.

[0030] One end of the left plug is connected to the right connector, and the other end is connected to one end of the pressure relief body. A first pressure relief hole is provided on the middle side wall of the left plug. A venting valve is sleeved on the outside of the left plug. The inner hole of the venting valve corresponds to the first pressure relief hole. A first pressure relief plug for blocking the first pressure relief hole is slidably fitted inside the left plug.

[0031] The right plug is fixedly installed at the other end of the pressure relief body, and a control shaft is threaded through its interior along the axial direction.

[0032] Both the left and right spring seats are installed in the pressure relief body. The left spring seat corresponds to the first pressure relief plug, and the right spring seat abuts against the control shaft.

[0033] The two ends of the spring abut against the left spring seat and the right spring seat, respectively.

[0034] Furthermore, the inner wall of the pressure relief body is provided with a first annular protrusion in the circumferential direction;

[0035] The left spring seat includes a cylindrical left spring seat body, a second annular protrusion and a third annular protrusion arranged circumferentially in the middle of the outer wall of the left spring seat body, and a push post coaxially connected to the left end of the left spring seat body; the second annular protrusion and the third annular protrusion are respectively located on both sides of the axial direction of the first annular protrusion, and their outer diameters are larger than the inner diameter of the first annular protrusion and smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding part of the pressure relief body; one end of the spring abuts against the second annular protrusion; the outer diameter of the push post is smaller than the outer diameter of the third annular protrusion;

[0036] The right spring seat includes a cylindrical right spring seat body and a fourth annular protrusion arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the right spring seat body near the right end of the plug; the outer diameter of the fourth annular protrusion is larger than the inner diameter of the right plug; the other end of the spring abuts against the fourth annular protrusion.

[0037] The first pressure relief plug includes a plug body corresponding to the push column; the outer wall of the plug body is provided with a right fifth annular protrusion in a circumferential direction; the outer diameter of the fifth annular protrusion is smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding position of the left plug;

[0038] The inner wall of the left plug is provided with a third limiting shoulder facing the third annular protrusion and a fourth limiting shoulder facing the fifth annular protrusion. The third annular protrusion can limit the left spring seat to the left and right by contacting the third limiting shoulder or the first annular protrusion. The fifth annular protrusion can limit the first pressure relief plug by contacting the fourth limiting shoulder.

[0039] Furthermore, the detonation assembly includes a pipe joint, an intermediate pipe, and a tail plug;

[0040] One end of the pipe joint is connected to the connecting through hole of the connector, and the other end is connected to one end of the intermediate pipe; the inside of the pipe joint is used to insert the detonating cord.

[0041] The center of the intermediate tube is provided with a gunpowder chamber for installing gunpowder, and the outer wall of the intermediate tube is used to house the deflagration fracturing unit to be tested.

[0042] The tail plug is installed inside the other end of the intermediate tube to block the gunpowder magazine.

[0043] Furthermore, the first limiting shoulder is flush with the inner wall of the plane of the annular groove near the end of the detection chamber;

[0044] A conical plug is installed inside the detonator compartment near the end cap;

[0045] The conical plug has a second lead hole in the middle that connects the detonator compartment and the first lead hole;

[0046] A support ring is fitted between the vessel body and the connecting component;

[0047] The side wall of the vessel body is provided with a second pressure relief hole;

[0048] A second pressure relief plug is installed inside the second pressure relief hole.

[0049] A detection method for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well, based on the aforementioned detection device for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Install the detonator inside the detonator compartment and pass the detonator lead through the first lead hole in the center of the end cap;

[0051] Step 2: Install detonating cord and gunpowder into the detonation assembly, connect the detonating cord to the detonator, install the deflagration fracturing unit to be tested onto the detonation assembly, and connect the detonation assembly to the connection through hole of the connector; close the pressure relief channel of the pressure relief assembly;

[0052] Step 3: Simulate the target environment state using the pressurization component;

[0053] Step 4: Activate the detonator with the detonator lead wire to generate high-pressure gas in the detection chamber. The high-pressure gas acts on the pressurization component and interacts with the target environmental state simulated by the pressurization component. At the same time, the pressure sensor collects the gas pressure data in the detection chamber.

[0054] Step 5: Analyze the gas pressure data to obtain the test results of the deflagration fracturing unit to be tested; depressurize the test chamber and pressurization component through the depressurization component to complete the test of the deflagration fracturing unit to be tested.

[0055] Furthermore, in step 2, closing the pressure relief channel of the pressure relief assembly specifically involves:

[0056] Rotate the control shaft to the left. The control shaft will push the right spring seat, the spring, the left spring seat and the first pressure relief plug in sequence until the first pressure relief plug blocks the first pressure relief hole on the side wall of the left plug. This will close the relief valve and shut off the pressure relief channel.

[0057] Step 3 specifically involves filling the pressurization chamber with a preset high-temperature and high-pressure liquid through the pressurization through hole on the pressurization body, so that the air pressure in the pressurization chamber reaches the target ambient air pressure and the temperature reaches the target ambient temperature. At this time, the sliding sleeve moves towards the detection chamber under the push of the preset high-temperature and high-pressure liquid, and the first pressure channel exits the annular groove, thus blocking the first pressure channel and the second pressure channel.

[0058] Step 4 specifically involves activating the detonator via the detonator lead wire, generating high-pressure gas inside the detection chamber. This high-pressure gas acts on the sliding sleeve, causing it to move towards the pressurization chamber. When the first pressure channel slides into the annular groove, it connects with the second pressure channel, thus connecting the detection chamber and the pressurization chamber. The gas pressure and temperature inside the detection chamber and the pressurization chamber interact to simulate the interaction between the target environment and the high-pressure gas generated during the deflagration of the deflagration fracturing unit under test. Simultaneously, the pressure sensor collects the gas pressure data inside the detection chamber.

[0059] Step 5 specifically involves analyzing the air pressure data to obtain the test results of the deflagration fracturing unit to be tested; opening the relief valve, rotating the control shaft to the right, releasing the spring, and moving the first pressure relief plug, left spring seat, spring, and right spring seat towards the control shaft under strong pressure, opening the first pressure relief hole, and gradually making the air pressure in the test chamber and pressurization chamber the same as the atmospheric pressure, thus completing the test of the deflagration fracturing unit to be tested.

[0060] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0061] 1. The present invention provides a detection device and method for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well. The vessel assembly provides a detection chamber for the deflagration fracturing unit, the pressurization assembly simulates the target ambient air pressure, the pressure relief assembly can release pressure in an orderly manner after the detection is completed, and the detonation assembly can detonate the deflagration fracturing unit. The combination of the four components realizes the safe detection, pressure quantification and reliable pressure relief of the deflagration fracturing unit, and thus enables the quantification of the fracturing charge design of the deflagration fracturing unit.

[0062] 2. This invention connects the detection chamber through the left connecting body, and sets a sliding sleeve in the left connecting body and a pressurization chamber in the middle of the pressurization body. It can simulate the target environment air pressure. During the detection, the target environment air pressure interacts with the air pressure generated when the deflagration fracturing unit deflagrations, so the detected air pressure data is more practical.

[0063] 3. The present invention provides an annular groove in the left connecting body and a first pressure channel and a second pressure channel in the sliding sleeve. One port of the first pressure channel and one port of the second pressure channel are both located on the circumferential sidewall of the sliding sleeve. Combined with the annular groove, the detection chamber and the pressurization chamber can be isolated when pressurization is applied in the pressurization assembly, and connected when deflagration occurs in the deflagration fracturing unit. This simulates the pressure data generated when the deflagration fracturing unit deflagrates under the target ambient air pressure, making the detection results more practical and accurate.

[0064] 4. The present invention provides an elongated groove on the side wall of the sliding sleeve. The elongated groove is connected to the second radial channel and the second axial channel, and is also connected to the first pressure channel. That is, the second pressure channel is connected to the first pressure channel, which simplifies the processing. Furthermore, by processing the elongated groove, the minimum distance between the two channel openings of the second pressure channel and the first pressure channel on the side wall of the sliding sleeve can be adjusted.

[0065] 5. This invention uses a rotating control shaft to compress a spring, which in turn pushes the first pressure relief plug. The first pressure relief plug blocks the first pressure relief hole, facilitating pressurization and testing. After testing, rotating the control shaft to the right allows for orderly pressure relief of the testing chamber and the pressurization chamber, ensuring safety. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a detection device for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well according to the present invention;

[0067] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vessel assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the supercharging component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the detonation assembly and the deflagration fracturing unit to be tested in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the change in air pressure inside the chamber over time in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0073] 1. Vessel body assembly; 11. Vessel body; 12. End cap; 13. Connector; 14. Detection chamber; 15. Pressure sensor; 16. Detonator chamber; 17. First lead hole; 18. Connecting through hole; 19. Conical plug; 110. Second lead hole; 111. Support ring; 112. Second pressure relief hole; 113. Second pressure relief plug;

[0074] 2. Pressurization assembly; 21. Left connector; 22. Pressurization body; 23. Right connector; 24. Sliding sleeve; 25. Annular groove; 26. Pressurization chamber; 27. Pressurization through hole; 28. Temperature sensor; 29. ​​First pressure channel; 210. Second pressure channel; 211. Limiting ring; 212. First limiting shoulder; 213. Second limiting shoulder; 214. First limiting stop shoulder; 215. Second limiting stop shoulder; 216. First axial channel; 217. First radial channel; 218. Second axial channel; 219. Second radial channel; 220. Long groove;

[0075] 3. Pressure relief assembly; 31. Left plug; 32. Pressure relief body; 33. Right plug; 34. Left spring seat; 35. Right spring seat; 36. Spring; 37. First pressure relief hole; 38. Drain valve; 39. First pressure relief plug; 310. First annular protrusion; 311. Left spring seat body; 312. Second annular protrusion; 313. Third annular protrusion; 314. Right spring seat body; 315. Fourth annular protrusion; 316. Third limiting shoulder; 317. Control shaft; 318. Push column; 319. Plug body; 320. Fifth annular protrusion; 321. Fourth limiting shoulder;

[0076] 4. Detonation assembly; 41. Pipe fitting; 42. Intermediate pipe; 43. Tail plug; 44. Explosive magazine;

[0077] 5. The deflagration fracturing unit to be tested;

[0078] 6. Detonating cord;

[0079] 7. Gunpowder. Detailed Implementation

[0080] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0081] The present invention provides a detection device for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well. It is forged from specially made gun steel and has a static load capacity of 600 MPa. It can adapt to the detection of deflagration fracturing units after perforation with different perforation rates such as 16 holes / meter, 13 holes / meter, and 20 holes / meter, and can simulate formation fracturing and temperature parameter requirements.

[0082] like Figure 1 As shown, the detection device includes a vessel body assembly 1, a pressurization assembly 2, a pressure relief assembly 3, and an ignition assembly 4 disposed within the vessel body assembly 1, all connected coaxially in sequence.

[0083] like Figure 2 As shown, the vessel body assembly 1 includes a cylindrical vessel body 11, an end cap 12 coaxially mounted inside one end of the vessel body 11, and a connector 13 located inside the vessel body 11 and connected to the end cap 12; a support ring 111 is sleeved between the vessel body 11 and the connector 13.

[0084] The central cavity of the vessel body 11 is a detection chamber 14. Multiple pressure sensors 15 (six pressure sensors 15 in this embodiment) are installed on the side walls of the detection chamber 14 to detect the pressure inside. Two second pressure relief holes 112 are provided on the side walls of the vessel body 11. A second pressure relief plug 113 is installed in each second pressure relief hole 112. After testing, pressure can also be released through the second pressure relief holes 112.

[0085] A detonator compartment 16 for placing detonators is provided between the end cap 12 and the connector 13; the end cap 12 has a first lead hole 17 for passing through the detonator lead along its axis at its center; the connector 13 has a connecting through hole 18 communicating with the detonator compartment 16 along its axis at its center; a conical plug 19 is installed in the end of the detonator compartment 16 near the end cap 12; a second lead hole 110 communicating with the detonator compartment 16 and the first lead hole 17 is provided in the middle of the conical plug 19.

[0086] like Figure 3 As shown, the booster assembly 2 is used to simulate the target environment state; the booster assembly 2 includes a left connecting body 21, a booster body 22 and a right connecting body 23, all of which are cylindrical, and a cylindrical sliding sleeve 24; it also includes a limiting ring 211 sleeved between the booster body 22 and the sliding sleeve 24.

[0087] One end of the left connector 21 is connected to the other end of the vessel body 11, and the other end of the left connector 21 is connected to one end of the pressurizing body 22. The inner wall of the left connector 21 is provided with an annular groove 25 around the center.

[0088] The central cavity of the booster body 22 is the booster chamber 26, and the outer wall of the booster chamber 26 is provided with a booster through hole 27 and a temperature sensor 28.

[0089] The right connector 23 is installed inside the other end of the booster body 22 and is used to connect the pressure relief assembly 3.

[0090] The sliding sleeve 24 is slidably fitted into the left connecting body 21 along the axial direction, and the inside of the sleeve is provided with a first pressure channel 29 and a second pressure channel 210 near both ends.

[0091] The two openings of the first pressure channel 29 are located on the circumferential sidewall and one end face of the sliding sleeve 24, respectively. Specifically, the first pressure channel 29 includes a first axial channel 216 arranged along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 24 and a first radial channel 217 arranged along the radial direction of the sliding sleeve 24, and the first axial channel 216 and the first radial channel 217 are connected.

[0092] The two openings of the second pressure channel 210 are located on the circumferential sidewall and the other end face of the sliding sleeve 24, respectively. Specifically, each of the second pressure channels 210 includes a second axial channel 218 arranged along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 24, a second radial channel 219 arranged along the radial direction of the sliding sleeve 24, and an elongated groove 220 located on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 24. The length direction of the elongated groove 220 is axial, and the elongated groove 220, the second radial channel 219 and the second axial channel 218 are connected.

[0093] The minimum distance between the elongated groove 220 and the edge of the first radial channel 217 is less than the axial length of the annular groove 25, so that the minimum distance between the edges of the two channel openings of the first pressure channel 29 and the second pressure channel 210 located on the circumferential sidewall of the sliding sleeve 24 is less than the axial length of the annular groove 25; when the sliding sleeve 24 slides in the left connecting body 21, the two channel openings located on the circumferential sidewall of the sliding sleeve 24 can simultaneously communicate with the annular groove 25, so the first pressure channel 29 and the second pressure channel 210 can communicate, and thus the detection chamber 14 and the pressurization chamber 26 can communicate.

[0094] The outer wall of the sliding sleeve 24 is provided with a first limiting shoulder 212 facing the detection chamber 14 and a second limiting shoulder 213 facing the pressurization chamber 26; the second limiting shoulder 213 is located close to the pressurization chamber 26.

[0095] The inner wall of the left connecting body 21 is provided with a first limiting shoulder 214 facing the first limiting shoulder 212. The first limiting shoulder 214 contacts the first limiting shoulder 212 and can limit one end of the sliding sleeve 24. The first limiting shoulder 214 is flush with the inner wall of the annular groove 25 near the end of the detection chamber 14.

[0096] The limiting ring 211 can slide along the inner wall of the pressurizing body 22; the middle of the inner wall of the limiting ring 211 is provided with a second limiting shoulder 215 facing the second limiting shoulder 213. The second limiting shoulder 215 contacts the second limiting shoulder 213 to limit the other end of the sliding sleeve 24.

[0097] like Figure 4 As shown, the pressure relief assembly 3 is used to relieve pressure after the test is completed; specifically, the pressure relief assembly 3 includes a left plug 31, a pressure relief body 32, a right plug 33, a left spring seat 34, a right spring seat 35, and a spring 36, all of which are cylindrical and coaxially arranged.

[0098] One end of the left plug 31 is connected to the right connector 23, and the other end is connected to one end of the pressure relief body 32. The middle side wall of the left plug 31 is provided with a first pressure relief hole 37. A venting valve 38 is sleeved on the outside of the left plug 31. The inner hole of the venting valve 38 corresponds to the first pressure relief hole 37. A first pressure relief plug 39 for blocking the first pressure relief hole 37 is slidably fitted inside the left plug 31.

[0099] The right plug 33 is fixedly installed at the other end of the pressure relief body 32, and a control shaft 317 is threaded through its interior along the axial direction.

[0100] The inner wall of the pressure relief body 32 is provided with a first annular protrusion 310 in the circumferential direction.

[0101] Both the left spring seat 34 and the right spring seat 35 are installed inside the pressure relief body 32. The left spring seat 34 corresponds to the first pressure relief plug 39, and the right spring seat 35 abuts against the control shaft 317. Specifically, the left spring seat 34 includes a cylindrical left spring seat body 311, a second annular protrusion 312 circumferentially disposed in the middle of the outer wall of the left spring seat body 311, a third annular protrusion 313 circumferentially disposed on the outer wall of one end of the left spring seat body 311, and a push column 318 coaxially connected to the left end of the left spring seat body 311. The second annular protrusion 312 and the third annular protrusion 313 are respectively located in the first annular... The outer diameters of the two protrusions 310 are larger than the inner diameter of the first annular protrusion 310 and smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding part of the pressure relief body 32; one end of the spring 36 abuts against the second annular protrusion 312; the outer diameter of the push column 318 is smaller than the outer diameter of the third annular protrusion 313; the right spring seat 35 includes a cylindrical right spring seat body 314 and a fourth annular protrusion 315 circumferentially disposed on the outer wall of the right spring seat body 314 near the right plug 33; the outer diameter of the fourth annular protrusion 315 is larger than the inner diameter of the right plug 33; the other end of the spring 36 abuts against the fourth annular protrusion 315.

[0102] The first pressure relief plug 39 includes a plug body 319 corresponding to the push post 318; the right end of the outer wall of the plug body 319 is provided with a fifth annular protrusion 320 in the circumferential direction; the outer diameter of the fifth annular protrusion 320 is smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding position of the left plug 31.

[0103] The inner wall of the left plug 31 is provided with a third limiting shoulder 316 facing the third annular protrusion 313 and a fourth limiting shoulder 321 facing the fifth annular protrusion 320. The third annular protrusion 313 can limit the left spring seat 34 to the left and right by contacting the third limiting shoulder 316 or the first annular protrusion 310. The fifth annular protrusion 320 can limit the first pressure relief plug 39 by contacting the fourth limiting shoulder 321.

[0104] like Figure 5As shown, the detonation assembly 4 is located inside the detection chamber 14 and connected to the connection through hole 18 of the connector 13, used to detonate the deflagration fracturing unit 5 to be detected. The detonation assembly 4 includes a pipe joint 41, an intermediate pipe 42, and a tail plug 43. The pipe joint 41, the intermediate pipe 42, and the tail plug 43 are made of hard metal materials such as aluminum, steel, and aluminum-magnesium alloy, consistent with the material of the central pipe in actual construction.

[0105] One end of the pipe joint 41 is connected to the connecting through hole 18 of the connector 13, and the other end is connected to one end of the intermediate pipe 42; the inside of the pipe joint 41 is used to insert the detonating cord 6.

[0106] The center of the intermediate tube 42 is provided with a gunpowder chamber 44 for installing gunpowder 7, and the outer wall of the intermediate tube 42 is used to house the deflagration fracturing unit 5 to be tested.

[0107] The tail plug 43 is installed inside the other end of the intermediate tube 42 to block the gunpowder magazine 44.

[0108] The above-mentioned detection device is used to detect the deflagration fracturing unit 5 to be tested, specifically including the following steps:

[0109] Step 1: Install the detonator in the detonator compartment 16, and pass the lead wire of the detonator through the first lead wire hole 17 in the center of the end cover 12. The outer end of the first lead wire hole 17 is sealed and tightened by a sealing plug and a screw plug.

[0110] Step 2: Insert a detonating cord through the center of the intermediate tube 42. One end of the detonating cord is connected to the detonator, and the other end is located inside the gunpowder magazine 44 of the intermediate tube 42 and connected to the anti-reverse tube. Connect the detonating cord and the anti-reverse tube with a closing pliers. Load gunpowder into the gunpowder magazine 44. Set the deflagration fracturing unit 5 to be tested onto the intermediate tube 42. Connect the pipe joint 41 to the connecting through hole 18 of the connector 13. Rotate the control shaft 317 to the left. The control shaft 317 pushes the right spring seat 35, spring 36, left spring seat 34 and the first pressure relief plug 39 in sequence until the first pressure relief plug 39 blocks the first pressure relief hole 37 on the side wall of the left plug 31. Close the relief valve 38, and the pressure relief channel is closed.

[0111] Step 3: Fill the pressurization chamber 26 with a preset high-temperature and high-pressure liquid through the pressurization through hole 27 on the pressurization body 22, so that the air pressure in the pressurization chamber 26 reaches the target ambient air pressure and the temperature reaches the target ambient temperature. At this time, the sliding sleeve 24 moves towards the detection chamber 14 under the push of the preset high-temperature and high-pressure liquid, and the first pressure channel 29 exits the annular groove 25, so the first pressure channel 29 and the second pressure channel 210 are blocked.

[0112] Step 4: The detonator is activated by the detonator lead, generating high-pressure gas in the detection chamber 14. This high-pressure gas acts on the sliding sleeve 24, causing it to move towards the pressurization chamber 26. When the first pressure channel 29 slides into the annular groove 25, it connects with the second pressure channel 210, thus connecting the detection chamber 14 and the pressurization chamber 26. The gas pressure and temperature within the detection chamber 14 and the pressurization chamber 26 interact to simulate the interaction between the target environment and the high-pressure gas generated during the deflagration of the deflagration fracturing unit 5. Simultaneously, the pressure sensor 15 collects the gas pressure data within the detection chamber 14. Figure 6 The pressure-time curve shown in the test chamber 14 provides quantitative data for product design, factory inspection, and pre-construction scheme design, ensuring the reliability of the design, the quality assurance of factory inspection, and the safety and effectiveness of the construction scheme.

[0113] Step 5: Analyze the gas pressure data to obtain the test results of the deflagration fracturing unit 5 to be tested; open the relief valve 38, rotate the control shaft 317 to the right, the spring 36 is released, the first pressure relief plug 39, the left spring seat 34, the spring 36 and the right spring seat 35 move towards the control shaft 317 under high pressure gas, the first pressure relief hole 37 is opened, and the gas pressure in the test chamber 14 and the pressurization chamber 26 gradually becomes the same as the atmospheric pressure, thus completing the test of the deflagration fracturing unit 5 to be tested.

[0114] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A detection device for a detonation fracturing unit of an oil and gas well, characterized in that: It includes a vessel body assembly (1), a pressurization assembly (2), a pressure relief assembly (3) connected coaxially in sequence, and an initiation assembly (4) disposed inside the vessel body assembly (1); The vessel assembly (1) includes a cylindrical vessel body (11), an end cap (12) with a coaxial cover installed at one end of the vessel body (11), and a connector (13) located inside the vessel body (11) and connected to the end cap (12). The central cavity of the vessel body (11) is a detection chamber (14), and multiple pressure sensors (15) are installed on the side wall of the detection chamber (14) to detect the pressure inside the detection chamber (14); A detonator compartment (16) for placing detonators is provided between the end cap (12) and the connector (13); the end cap (12) has a first lead hole (17) for passing through the detonator lead along its axis at its center; the connector (13) has a connecting through hole (18) communicating with the detonator compartment (16) along its axis at its center. The pressurization component (2) is connected to the other end of the vessel body (11) and is used to simulate the target environmental state; The pressure relief component (3) is used to relieve pressure after the test is completed; The detonation assembly (4) is located inside the detection chamber (14) and connected to the connection through hole (18) for detonating the deflagration fracturing unit (5) to be detected.

2. The detection device for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The booster assembly (2) includes a left connector (21), a booster body (22), and a right connector (23), all of which are cylindrical, as well as a cylindrical sliding sleeve (24). One end of the left connector (21) is connected to the other end of the vessel body (11), and the other end of the left connector (21) is connected to one end of the pressurizing body (22). The inner wall of the left connector (21) is provided with an annular groove (25) around the center. The central cavity of the pressurizing body (22) is a pressurizing chamber (26), and the outer wall of the pressurizing chamber (26) is provided with a pressurizing through hole (27) and a temperature sensor (28). The right connector (23) is installed at the other end of the pressurization body (22) and is used to connect the pressure relief assembly (3). The sliding sleeve (24) is slidably fitted into the left connecting body (21) along the axial direction. The inside of the sleeve has a first pressure channel (29) and a second pressure channel (210) near both ends. The two openings of the first pressure channel (29) are located on the circumferential sidewall and one end face of the sliding sleeve (24), respectively. The two openings of the second pressure channel (210) are located on the circumferential sidewall and the other end face of the sliding sleeve (24), respectively. The minimum distance between the edges of the two openings on the circumferential sidewall of the sliding sleeve (24) is less than the axial length of the annular groove (25). When the sliding sleeve (24) slides in the left connecting body (21), the two openings on the circumferential sidewall can communicate with the annular groove (25) at the same time. Then the first pressure channel (29) and the second pressure channel (210) can communicate, and the detection chamber (14) and the pressurization chamber (26) can communicate.

3. The detection device for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well according to claim 2, characterized in that: The booster assembly (2) also includes a limiting ring (211) sleeved between the booster body (22) and the sliding sleeve (24), and the limiting ring (211) is slidably in contact with the inner wall of the booster body (22); The outer wall of the sliding sleeve (24) is provided with a first limiting shoulder (212) facing the detection chamber (14) and a second limiting shoulder (213) facing the pressurization chamber (26); the second limiting shoulder (213) is located close to the pressurization chamber (26); The inner wall of the left connector (21) is provided with a first limiting shoulder (214) facing the first limiting shoulder (212). The first limiting shoulder (214) can limit one end of the sliding sleeve (24) by contacting the first limiting shoulder (212). The inner wall of the limiting ring (211) is provided with a second limiting shoulder (215) facing the second limiting shoulder (213). The second limiting shoulder (215) contacts the second limiting shoulder (213) to limit the other end of the sliding sleeve (24).

4. The detection device for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first pressure channel (29) includes a first axial channel (216) arranged along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve (24) and a first radial channel (217) arranged along the radial direction of the sliding sleeve (24), and the first axial channel (216) and the first radial channel (217) are connected; The second pressure channel (210) includes a second axial channel (218) arranged along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve (24), a second radial channel (219) arranged along the radial direction of the sliding sleeve (24), and an elongated groove (220) located on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (24); the length direction of the elongated groove (220) is axial, and the elongated groove (220), the second axial channel (218) and the second radial channel (219) are connected; The minimum distance between the elongated groove (220) and the edge of the first radial channel (217) is less than the axial length of the annular groove (25).

5. The detection device for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The pressure relief assembly (3) includes a left plug (31), a pressure relief body (32), a right plug (33), a left spring seat (34), a right spring seat (35), and a spring (36), all of which are cylindrical and coaxially arranged. One end of the left plug (31) is connected to the right connector (23), and the other end is connected to one end of the pressure relief body (32). The middle side wall of the left plug (31) is provided with a first pressure relief hole (37). A drain valve (38) is sleeved on the outside of the left plug (31). The inner hole of the drain valve (38) corresponds to the first pressure relief hole (37). A first pressure relief plug (39) for blocking the first pressure relief hole (37) is slidably sleeved inside the left plug (31). The right plug (33) is fixedly installed at the other end of the pressure relief body (32), and a control shaft (317) is threaded through its interior along the axial direction. The left spring seat (34) and the right spring seat (35) are both installed inside the pressure relief body (32). The left spring seat (34) corresponds to the first pressure relief plug (39), and the right spring seat (35) abuts against the control shaft (317). The two ends of the spring (36) abut against the left spring seat (34) and the right spring seat (35) respectively.

6. The detection device for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the pressure relief body (32) is provided with a first annular protrusion (310) in the circumferential direction. The left spring seat (34) includes a cylindrical left spring seat body (311), a second annular protrusion (312) and a third annular protrusion (313) arranged circumferentially in the middle of the outer wall of the left spring seat body (311), and a push post (318) coaxially connected to the left end of the left spring seat body (311); the second annular protrusion (312) and the third annular protrusion (313) are respectively located on both sides of the axial direction of the first annular protrusion (310), and their outer diameters are larger than the inner diameter of the first annular protrusion (310) and smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding part of the pressure relief body (32); one end of the spring (36) abuts against the second annular protrusion (312); the outer diameter of the push post (318) is smaller than the outer diameter of the third annular protrusion (313); The right spring seat (35) includes a cylindrical right spring seat body (314) and a fourth annular protrusion (315) arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the right spring seat body (314) near the right end of the plug (33); the outer diameter of the fourth annular protrusion (315) is larger than the inner diameter of the right plug (33); the other end of the spring (36) abuts against the fourth annular protrusion (315); The first pressure relief plug (39) includes a plug body (319) corresponding to the push post (318); the outer wall of the plug body (319) is provided with a right fifth annular protrusion (320) in a circumferential direction; the outer diameter of the fifth annular protrusion (320) is smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding position of the left plug (31); The inner wall of the left plug (31) is provided with a third limiting shoulder (316) facing the third annular protrusion (313) and a fourth limiting shoulder (321) facing the fifth annular protrusion (320). The third annular protrusion (313) can limit the left spring seat (34) to the left and right by contacting the third limiting shoulder (316) or the first annular protrusion (310). The fifth annular protrusion (320) can limit the first pressure relief plug (39) by contacting the fourth limiting shoulder (321).

7. The detection device for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detonation assembly (4) includes a pipe joint (41), an intermediate pipe (42), and a tail plug (43). One end of the pipe joint (41) is connected to the connecting through hole (18) of the connector (13), and the other end is connected to one end of the intermediate pipe (42); the inside of the pipe joint (41) is used to insert the detonating cord (6). The center of the intermediate tube (42) is provided with a gunpowder chamber (44) for installing gunpowder (7), and the outer wall of the intermediate tube (42) is used to mount the deflagration fracturing unit (5) to be tested. The tail plug (43) is installed inside the other end of the intermediate tube (42) to block the gunpowder magazine (44).

8. The detection device for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first limiting shoulder (214) is flush with the inner wall of the plane of the annular groove (25) near the end of the detection chamber (14); A conical plug (19) is installed inside the detonator compartment (16) near the end cap (12). The conical plug (19) is provided with a second lead hole (110) in the middle, which connects the detonator compartment (16) and the first lead hole (17). A support ring (111) is sleeved between the vessel body (11) and the connector (13). The side wall of the vessel body (11) is provided with a second pressure relief hole (112). A second pressure relief plug (113) is installed inside the second pressure relief hole (112).

9. A method for detecting a detonation fracturing unit for oil and gas well, based on the detection device for the detonation fracturing unit for oil and gas well according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the detonator in the detonator compartment (16) and pass the lead wire of the detonator out through the first lead wire hole (17) in the center of the end cap (12); Step 2: Insert detonating cord (6) and gunpowder (7) into the detonation assembly (4), connect the detonating cord (6) to the detonator, install the deflagration fracturing unit (5) to be tested on the detonation assembly (4), connect the detonation assembly (4) to the connection through hole (18) of the connector (13); close the pressure relief channel of the pressure relief assembly (3); Step 3: Simulate the target environment state using the pressurization component (2); Step 4: The detonator is activated by the detonator lead wire, and a high-pressure gas is generated in the detection chamber (14). The high-pressure gas acts on the pressurization component (2) and interacts with the target environment state simulated by the pressurization component (2). At the same time, the pressure sensor (15) collects the gas pressure data in the detection chamber (14). Step 5: Analyze the air pressure data and obtain the test results of the deflagration fracturing unit (5) to be tested; depressurize the test chamber (14) and the pressurization component (2) through the depressurization component (3) to complete the test of the deflagration fracturing unit (5) to be tested.

10. The detection method for a deflagration fracturing unit in an oil and gas well according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 2, the pressure relief channel of the pressure relief assembly (3) is closed, specifically as follows: Rotate the control shaft (317) to the left. The control shaft (317) pushes the right spring seat (35), spring (36), left spring seat (34) and first pressure relief plug (39) in sequence until the first pressure relief plug (39) blocks the first pressure relief hole (37) on the side wall of the left plug (31). Then the relief valve (38) is closed, and the pressure relief channel is closed. Step 3 specifically involves filling the pressurization chamber (26) with a preset high-temperature and high-pressure liquid through the pressurization through hole (27) on the pressurization body (22), so that the air pressure in the pressurization chamber (26) reaches the target ambient air pressure and the temperature reaches the target ambient temperature. At this time, the sliding sleeve (24) moves towards the detection chamber (14) under the push of the preset high-temperature and high-pressure liquid, and the first pressure channel (29) exits the annular groove (25), thus blocking the first pressure channel (29) and the second pressure channel (210). Step 4 is as follows: the detonator is activated by the detonator lead wire, and high-pressure gas is generated in the detection chamber (14). The high-pressure gas acts on the sliding sleeve (24), and the sliding sleeve (24) moves to the side of the pressurization chamber (26). When the first pressure channel (29) slides into the annular groove (25), the first pressure channel (29) is connected to the second pressure channel (210). Then the detection chamber (14) and the pressurization chamber (26) are connected. The air pressure and temperature in the detection chamber (14) and the pressurization chamber (26) interact to simulate the interaction between the target environment state and the high-pressure gas generated when the deflagration fracturing unit (5) is deflagrated. At the same time, the pressure sensor (15) collects the air pressure data in the detection chamber (14). Step 5 specifically involves analyzing the air pressure data to obtain the detection results of the deflagration fracturing unit (5) to be tested; opening the relief valve (38), rotating the control shaft (317) to the right, releasing the spring (36), and moving the first pressure relief plug (39), the left spring seat (34), the spring (36), and the right spring seat (35) towards the control shaft (317) under strong pressure, opening the first pressure relief hole (37), and gradually making the air pressure in the detection chamber (14) and the pressurization chamber (26) the same as the atmospheric pressure, thus completing the detection of the deflagration fracturing unit (5) to be tested.

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