Sampling carrier
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-11
AI Technical Summary
[0004]现有计数池的设计往往很少考虑结构对样品颗粒分布的影响，而目前的制造工艺无法确保整个计数池的平面度和平行度，越大的特征长度下的表面积越难以保证精度，从而加剧了颗粒分布的巨大差异(往往中间区域的颗粒密度小于两边边缘的密度)
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Figure CN122545173A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to a field of study, and more specifically to a sampling carrier. Background Technology
[0002] In particle counting analysis, different sampling carriers are typically used for sampling and observation, and finally, statistical results are obtained. As a key sampling tool in particle counting and analysis methods, the structural morphology and internal fluid characteristics of the counting cell directly determine the uniformity of particle distribution, ultimately affecting the precision, accuracy, and repeatability of the analysis.
[0003] The factors causing bias may differ depending on the counting cell structure, but the precision of all counting methods is constrained by Poisson noise. Poisson noise is the fundamental form of uncertainty associated with counting discrete events or particulate objects (such as cells). In a well-mixed cell suspension, the cell distribution follows a Poisson distribution, where N is the number of cells in the sample. For example, when the number of cells is 100, the system's intrinsic CV is approximately 10%.
[0004] Existing counting cell designs often fail to consider the impact of structure on sample particle distribution. Current manufacturing processes cannot guarantee the flatness and parallelism of the entire counting cell. The larger the feature length, the more difficult it is to ensure accuracy for the surface area, thus exacerbating the significant differences in particle distribution (often the particle density in the central region is lower than that at the two edges). Furthermore, the use of external pressure drive with pipettes or fluid systems further contributes to the uneven particle distribution and poor repeatability throughout the region. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a sampling carrier that enables uniform distribution of sample particles. Furthermore, this sampling carrier also enables repeatability of sample particle detection and analysis.
[0006] To this end, this disclosure proposes a sampling carrier for sampling and detection in sample particle counting analysis. The sampling carrier has a flow channel structure for sample flow, the flow channel structure including an entry section for sample entry and a detection section for sample counting and detection, wherein the entry section has a first cross-sectional area, the detection section has a second cross-sectional area, and the detection section has a characteristic length along its longitudinal direction. The fluid characterization parameters of the flow channel structure are designed to be associated with the characteristic length of the detection section and / or the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section, wherein the characteristic length of the detection section and / or the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section is determined such that desired fluid characterization parameters of the flow channel structure can be obtained, thereby achieving uniform distribution of sample particles during flow within the detection section.
[0007] By using the sampling carrier according to this disclosure, and by specifically determining the characteristic length of the detection section and / or the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section, desired fluid characterization parameters of the flow channel structure can be obtained. These fluid characterization parameters include, for example, the Peckley number, Reynolds number, and flow velocity. By adding specific constraints, such as the characteristic length and / or the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section, to the flow channel structure of the sampling carrier, the fluid characterization parameters in the flow channel structure can be effectively manipulated, thereby obtaining the desired fluid characterization parameters, achieving uniform distribution of sample particles and repeatability of sample particle detection and analysis. Here, the Peckley number in the fluid characterization parameters represents the "relative magnitude of velocity and diffusion rate." If the Peckley number is large, it indicates that the convection velocity is very high, and the particulate matter has not had time to diffuse before it ends; while if the Peckley number is small, diffusion becomes the dominant force. Therefore, to ensure uniform distribution of sample particles during flow within the detection section, at least a suitable desired Peckley number needs to be ensured. The Peckley number can be determined according to the following formula:
[0008]
[0009] Where v is the sample flow velocity, L is the characteristic length of the detection region, and D is the diffusion coefficient. Therefore, the Peclet number can be determined based on the sample flow velocity, the characteristic length of the detection region, and the diffusion coefficient. Thus, among the structural parameters of the flow channel structure, the characteristic length of the detection region is an important variable for the desired Peclet number. In addition, the diffusion coefficient is also a key parameter. Here, the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section, i.e., the change in cross-sectional area of the flow channel structure from the entry section to the detection section, affects both the Peclet number and the diffusion coefficient. Therefore, in this disclosure, among the various structural parameters of the flow channel structure, the characteristic length of the detection section and / or the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section are selectively chosen as structural constraints, and the characteristic length of the detection section and / or the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section are used as structural constraints to obtain the desired fluid characterization parameters of the flow channel structure.
[0010] In some implementations, the second cross-sectional area of the detection section differs from the first cross-sectional area of the entry section, and the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section is determined in such a way that a desired energy loss coefficient is obtained within the flow channel structure. As the cross-section of the flow channel structure increases, the sample velocity decreases, leading to a reduction in head loss, thereby promoting the uniform distribution and propulsion of sample particles in a laminar flow environment. Therefore, appropriate selection, or determination, of the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section can help obtain a desired energy loss coefficient within the flow channel structure.
[0011] In some implementations, the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section is determined according to the following formula:
[0012]
[0013] Where ξ is the desired energy loss coefficient, A1 is the first cross-sectional area of the entry section, and A2 is the second cross-sectional area of the detection section. When the second cross-sectional area of the detection section differs from the first cross-sectional area of the entry section, the desired energy loss coefficient can be obtained by appropriately selecting the ratio of the first cross-sectional area to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section. This allows for a uniform distribution of sample particles during flow within the detection section.
[0014] In some implementations, the desired energy loss coefficient is between 0.2 and 0.85, particularly between 0.25 and 0.81.
[0015] In some embodiments, a transition section is provided between the entry section and the detection section. This transition section is constructed symmetrically about its central axis, and the extending direction of the sidewall of the transition section forms an acute angle α with the extending direction of the sidewall of the detection section. This acute angle α is determined according to the following formula:
[0016]
[0017] Where Q is the total flow rate, q1 is the partial flow rate corresponding to A1, and q2 is the partial flow rate corresponding to A2. When the second cross-sectional area of the detection section differs from the first cross-sectional area of the entry section, the extension direction of the sidewall of the transition section and the extension direction of the sidewall of the detection section form an acute angle α. By appropriately selecting the acute angle α and combining it with the ratio of the first cross-sectional area to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section, the desired total flow rate and the corresponding desired partial flow rate can be obtained.
[0018] In some implementations, the feature length of the detection segment is determined according to the following formula:
[0019]
[0020] Where Δp is the change in system pressure, L is the characteristic length of the detection section, ω is the cross-sectional width of the detection section, ρ is the sample density, v is the sample flow velocity, Re is the Reynolds number of the sample flow, β is the compensation coefficient, and k is a constant. Assuming the desired sample flow velocity and Reynolds number, the characteristic length of the detection section can be determined based on the change in system pressure, the sample density, the set cross-sectional width of the detection section, and, if necessary, the compensation coefficient. Here, the cross-sectional width of the detection section is related to the second cross-sectional area of the detection region. Therefore, the characteristic length of the detection section is correlated with the second cross-sectional area of the detection region. Furthermore, by setting the compensation coefficient, other parameters besides the aforementioned influencing parameters are considered for the characteristic length of the detection section.
[0021] In some implementations, the compensation coefficient β is zero. When the compensation coefficient is zero, the parameters affecting the characteristic length of the detection section can be limited to the changes in system pressure, the cross-sectional width of the detection section, the density of the sample, the flow rate of the sample, and the Reynolds number of the sample flow.
[0022] In some implementations, the constant k is between 30 and 35, especially 32.
[0023] In some embodiments, an exhaust port is provided at the tail end of the flow channel structure along the flow direction of the sample. This exhaust port allows control of the flow resistance of the gas displaced by the sample in the flow channel structure. The cross-sectional area of the exhaust port is determined according to the following relationship:
[0024]
[0025] Among them, A air A1 is the cross-sectional area of the exhaust port, and A2 is the first cross-sectional area of the inlet section. By setting the cross-sectional area of the exhaust port, the gas flow resistance within the flow channel structure can be effectively controlled, thereby controlling the sample flow rate. Therefore, by appropriately determining or designing the cross-sectional area of the exhaust port, the desired sample flow rate can be obtained, which also helps to obtain the desired Peclet number. Thus, an appropriate cross-sectional area of the exhaust port is beneficial for the uniform distribution of sample particles during flow within the detection section.
[0026] In some embodiments, the first cross-sectional area of the entry section is measured at the end of the entry section as viewed along the flow direction of the sample, and the second cross-sectional area of the detection section is measured at the beginning of the detection section as viewed along the flow direction of the sample.
[0027] The technical features mentioned above, those to be mentioned below, and those shown individually in the accompanying drawings can be combined arbitrarily, provided that the combined technical features are not contradictory. All feasible combinations of features are the technical content explicitly described herein. Any one of the multiple sub-features contained in the same statement can be applied independently, without necessarily being applied together with other sub-features. Attached Figure Description
[0028] The present disclosure will be further described below with reference to the illustrative drawings and by means of exemplary embodiments.
[0029] in:
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic perspective view of a sampling carrier constructed as a continuous flow cell according to the first embodiment of this disclosure.
[0031] Figure 2a yes Figure 1 A schematic top view of the flow channel structure of the sampling carrier.
[0032] Figure 2b yes Figure 1 A schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the flow channel structure of the sampling carrier.
[0033] Figure 2c yes Figure 1 A partial schematic top view of the flow channel structure of the sampling carrier.
[0034] Figure 2d yes Figure 1 A schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a portion of the flow channel structure of the sampling carrier, wherein, Figure 2d The truncated part and Figure 2c The corresponding portion is extracted.
[0035] Figure 3a This is a schematic top view of a sampling carrier constructed as a counting plate according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0036] Figure 3b This is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a sampling carrier constructed as a counting plate according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation
[0037] In this disclosure, the sampling carrier 1 can be used in blood cell and particle counting analysis to perform sampling observation and ultimately obtain statistical results. Depending on the application, the sampling carrier 1 can be constructed as a continuous flow cell or as a counting chamber, wherein the counting chamber can be in the form of a disposable counting chamber or a blood cell counting chamber, etc.
[0038] In the first embodiment, the sampling carrier 1 can be constructed as a continuous flow cell 11. Figure 1 This is a schematic perspective view of a sampling carrier 1 constructed as a continuous flow cell 11 according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2a yes Figure 1 A schematic top view of the flow channel structure 2 of the sampling carrier 1. Figure 2b yes Figure 1 A schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the flow channel structure 2 of the sampling carrier 1. Figure 2c yes Figure 1 A partial schematic top view of the flow channel structure 2 of the sampling carrier 1. Figure 2d yes Figure 1 A partial schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the flow channel structure 2 of the sampling carrier 1, wherein, Figure 2d The truncated part and Figure 2c The extracted portion corresponds to this. Below, we will use... Figures 1 to 2d The sampling carrier 1 of this embodiment is constructed as a continuous flow cell 11.
[0039] like Figures 1 to 2d As shown, the sampling carrier 1 has a flow channel structure 2 for sample flow. This flow channel structure 2 includes an entry section 21 for sample entry and a detection section 22 for counting and detecting the sample. The detection section 22 can also be referred to as a counting cell. The entry section 21 has a first cross-sectional area A1. The detection section 22 has a second cross-sectional area A2. Figure 2a and Figure 2bAs shown, the width and depth of the entry section 21 and the detection section 22 can remain constant along their respective longitudinal directions, thereby allowing the first cross-sectional area A1 of the entry section 21 and the second cross-sectional area A2 of the detection section 22 to remain substantially constant along their respective longitudinal directions. Here, "substantially" means that the first cross-sectional area A1 of the entry section 21 and the second cross-sectional area A2 of the detection section 22 can vary to a certain extent along their respective longitudinal directions for manufacturing reasons, for example, up to 10%, up to 20%, or up to 30%. Figure 2c As shown, for example, the first cross-sectional area A1 of the entry section 21 can be measured at the end of the entry section 21 as observed along the sample flow direction, while the second cross-sectional area A2 of the detection section 22 can be measured at its beginning as observed along the sample flow direction. Figure 2a and Figure 2c As can be seen, the second cross-sectional area A2 of the detection section 22 is different from the first cross-sectional area A1 of the entry section 21. Of course, in other embodiments, the second cross-sectional area A2 of the detection section 22 may also be the same as the first cross-sectional area A1 of the entry section 21, as is the case, for example, in the sampling carrier 1 constructed as a counting plate 12 in the second embodiment described below. Furthermore, as a key structural parameter, the detection section 22 has a characteristic length L along its longitudinal direction. Here, the ratio of the characteristic length L of the detection section 22 and / or the first cross-sectional area A1 of the entry section 21 to the second cross-sectional area A2 of the detection section 22 can be determined such that the desired fluid characterization parameters of the flow channel structure 2 can be obtained, thereby achieving a uniform distribution of sample particles when flowing within the detection section 22. By adding specific constraints to the flow channel structure 2, such as the aforementioned characteristic length L and cross-sectional area ratio, the characterization parameters of the fluid in the flow channel structure 2 can be effectively manipulated, thereby achieving uniform particle distribution and repeatability. Through the quantitative design of the corresponding cross-sectional area and characteristic length L, the flow rate of the sample in the flow channel structure 2 can be effectively controlled, which is more conducive to uniform particle diffusion. Furthermore, by employing specific cross-sectional constraints, particles can achieve a uniform distribution in laminar flow. In addition, such as... Figure 2b and Figure 2d As shown, an overflow structure 3 can also be added to the inlet section 21 of the flow channel structure 2, which can also effectively control the flow rate of the sample in the flow channel structure 2. The overflow structure 3 in the inlet section 21 has, for example, a greater depth than the detection section 22.
[0040] As mentioned above, the Peckley number and diffusion coefficient are key flow parameters, and the ratio of the first cross-sectional area A1 of the entry section 21 to the second cross-sectional area A2 of the detection section 22, i.e., the change in cross-sectional area of the flow channel structure 2 from the entry section 21 to the detection section 22, affects the Peckley number and diffusion coefficient. When the cross-section of the flow channel structure 2 increases, the sample velocity decreases, and the decrease in velocity leads to a reduction in head loss, thereby promoting the uniform distribution and propulsion of sample particles in the laminar flow environment. Here, the desired energy loss coefficient ξ within the flow channel structure 2 needs to be considered. The inventors have discovered that the desired energy loss coefficient ξ within the flow channel structure 2 can be obtained by selecting or determining an appropriate ratio of the first cross-sectional area A1 of the entry section 21 to the second cross-sectional area A2 of the detection section 22. The ratio of the first cross-sectional area A1 of the entry section 21 to the second cross-sectional area A2 of the detection section 22 can be determined according to the following formula:
[0041]
[0042] Wherein, ξ is the desired energy loss coefficient, A1 is the first cross-sectional area of the entry section 21, and A2 is the second cross-sectional area of the detection section 22. Here, the desired energy loss coefficient ξ is between 0.2 and 0.85, preferably between 0.25 and 0.81.
[0043] like Figure 2a and Figure 2c As clearly seen, because the first cross-sectional area A1 of the entry section 21 is different from the second cross-sectional area A2 of the detection section 22, a transition section 23 is provided between the entry section 21 and the detection section 22. This transition section 23 can be constructed symmetrically about its central axis. Figure 2c As shown, the extension direction of the sidewall of the transition section 23 and the extension direction of the sidewall of the detection section 22 form an acute angle α. Here, the extension direction of the sidewall of the transition section 23 is the extension direction of the straight sidewall when the sidewall of the transition section 23 is a straight line, and the fitting extension direction of the curve when the sidewall of the transition section 23 is a curve, such as a spline curve. The acute angle α can be determined according to the following formula:
[0044]
[0045] Where Q is the total flow, q1 is the local flow corresponding to A1, and q2 is the local flow corresponding to A2.
[0046] The constraint equations related to the characteristic length L of the detection section 22 are explained below. The constraint equations for the characteristic length L of the detection section 22 are mainly based on the energy loss of the flow along the characteristic direction in the horizontally placed flow channel structure 2, which is reflected in the change in system pressure Δp. The characteristic length L of the detection section 22 can be determined according to the following formula:
[0047]
[0048] Wherein, Δp is the change in system pressure, L is the characteristic length of the detection section 22, ω is the cross-sectional width of the detection section 22, ρ is the sample density, v is the sample flow velocity, Re is the Reynolds number of the sample flow, β is the compensation coefficient, and k is a constant. In this first embodiment of the sampling carrier 1 constructed as a continuous flow cell 11, the sample can be pumped into the flow channel structure 2 by a pump. At this time, the change in system pressure Δp is mainly caused by the pump. As described above, assuming the desired sample flow velocity v and the sample flow Re, the characteristic length L of the detection section 22 can be determined based on the change in system pressure Δp, the sample density ρ, the set cross-sectional width ω of the detection section 22, and the compensation coefficient β if necessary. Other parameters besides the above-mentioned influencing parameters can be taken into account by the compensation coefficient β. In a preferred embodiment, the compensation coefficient β can be zero. Furthermore, the constant k is preferably 32.
[0049] The following uses Figure 3a and Figure 3b A second embodiment of the sampling carrier 1, configured as a counting plate 12, will be described. Figure 3a This is a schematic top view of a sampling carrier 1 constructed as a counting plate 12 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure, and Figure 3b This is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a sampling carrier 1 constructed as a counting plate 12 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure.
[0050] like Figure 3a As shown, in the second embodiment, an exhaust port 24 is provided at the tail end of the flow channel structure 2 along the sample flow direction. This exhaust port 24 controls the flow resistance of the gas displaced by the sample in the flow channel structure 2, thereby controlling the sample flow rate. Here, the cross-sectional area A of the exhaust port 24 is... air This can be determined based on the following relationship:
[0051]
[0052] Among them, A air A1 is the cross-sectional area of the exhaust port 24, and A1 is the first cross-sectional area of the entry section 21. Preferably, it can be determined according to 1.0A1≤A air The cross-sectional area A of the exhaust port 24 is determined by ≤1.2A1. air In the second embodiment, the first cross-sectional area A1 of the entry section 21 and the cross-sectional area A of the exhaust port 24 are... air They are the same. However, in other embodiments, the cross-sectional area A of the exhaust port 24 is different. airThe ratio of the first cross-sectional area A1 to the first cross-sectional area A2 entering section 21 may not be 1 and may fall within the aforementioned range. In this embodiment, the relationship between the first cross-sectional area A1 and the second cross-sectional area A2, as well as the design of the characteristic length L of the detection section, are substantially the same as in the first embodiment.
[0053] The advantages of the sampling carrier 1 according to this disclosure are described below based on a comparison of experimental results.
[0054] The particle distribution of standard microbeads of the same concentration, observed in 15 comparative experiments under a 4X microscope, is as follows:
[0055]
[0056]
[0057] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the disclosure. The singular forms “a” and “the one” as used herein should include the plural forms unless the context explicitly states otherwise. It is understood that the terms “comprising” and “including,” and other similar terms, when used in the application documents, specifically describe the presence of the stated operation, element, and / or component, without excluding the presence or addition of one or more other operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The term “and / or” as used herein includes all arbitrary combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals always denote similar elements.
[0058] The thickness of the elements in the accompanying drawings may be exaggerated for clarity. It is also understood that if an element is described as being on, coupled to, or connected to another element, then the element may be directly formed on, coupled to, or connected to the other element, or there may be one or more intermediate elements between them. Conversely, if the expressions "directly on," "directly coupled to," and "directly connected to" are used herein, it indicates that there is no intermediate element. Other terms used to describe relationships between elements should be interpreted similarly, such as "between" and "directly between," "attached" and "directly attached," "adjacent" and "directly adjacent," etc.
[0059] Terms such as “top,” “bottom,” “above,” “below,” “over,” “under,” etc., are used to describe the relationship of one element, layer, or region relative to another element, layer, or region, as shown in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that these terms should also encompass other orientations of the device in addition to those described in the accompanying drawings.
[0060] It is understood that although the terms "first," "second," etc., may be used herein to describe different elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one element from another. Thus, a first element may be referred to as a second element without departing from the teachings of this disclosure.
[0061] It can also be considered that all the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein can be arbitrarily combined with each other. Furthermore, all individual technical features in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other, as long as the combined technical features are not contradictory. All technically feasible combinations of features are the technical content described in this application.
[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for understanding this disclosure and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make modifications based on the above embodiments, and these modifications will not depart from the scope of protection of this disclosure.
Claims
1. A sampling carrier for sampling detection in a sample particle counting analysis, the sampling carrier having a flow channel structure for a sample flow, the flow channel structure comprising an entry section for entry of the sample and a detection section for counting detection of the sample, wherein, The entry section has a first cross-sectional area, the detection section has a second cross-sectional area, and the detection section has a characteristic length along its longitudinal direction. The fluid characterization parameters of the flow channel structure are designed to be associated with the characteristic length of the detection section and / or the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section. The ratio of the characteristic length of the detection section and / or the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section is determined such that the desired fluid characterization parameters of the flow channel structure can be obtained, thereby achieving a uniform distribution of sample particles during flow within the detection section.
2. The sampling carrier of claim 1, wherein, The second cross-sectional area of the detection section is different from the first cross-sectional area of the entry section, and the ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section is determined in such a way that the desired energy loss coefficient within the flow channel structure is obtained.
3. The sampling carrier of claim 2, wherein, The ratio of the first cross-sectional area of the entry section to the second cross-sectional area of the detection section is determined using the following formula: Where ξ is the desired energy loss coefficient, A1 is the first cross-sectional area of the entry section, and A2 is the second cross-sectional area of the detection section.
4. The sampling carrier of claim 3, wherein, The desired energy loss coefficient is between 0.2 and 0.
85.
5. The sampling carrier of claim 3, wherein, A transition section is provided between the entry section and the detection section. This transition section is constructed symmetrically about its central axis. The extension direction of the sidewall of the transition section forms an acute angle α with the extension direction of the sidewall of the detection section. This acute angle α is determined according to the following formula: Where Q is the total flow, q1 is the local flow corresponding to A1, and q2 is the local flow corresponding to A2.
6. The sampling carrier of claim 1, wherein, The feature length of the detection segment is determined using the following formula: Where Δp is the change in system pressure, L is the characteristic length of the detection section, ω is the cross-sectional width of the detection section, ρ is the density of the sample, v is the flow velocity of the sample, Re is the Reynolds number of the sample flow, β is the compensation coefficient, and k is a constant.
7. The sampling carrier of claim 6, wherein, The compensation coefficient β is zero.
8. The sampling carrier of claim 6, wherein, The constant k is between 30 and 35.
9. The sampling carrier of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, An exhaust port is located at the tail end of the flow channel structure along the flow direction of the sample. This exhaust port controls the flow resistance of the gas displaced by the sample in the flow channel structure. The cross-sectional area of the exhaust port is determined according to the following relationship: where A air is the cross-sectional area of the exhaust port, and A1is the first cross-sectional area of the entry section.
10. The sampling carrier of claim 1, wherein, The first cross-sectional area of the entry section is measured at the end of the entry section as observed along the flow direction of the sample, and the second cross-sectional area of the detection section is measured at the beginning of the detection section as observed along the flow direction of the sample.