A real-time monitoring device for methane emission in high-cold wetland

Abstract

This invention provides a real-time monitoring device for methane emissions in high-altitude wetlands. The device includes a support frame, with an insulated box on top. Inside the insulated box are a gas acquisition and analysis module and a main control module. The main control module is connected to the gas acquisition and analysis module and is also connected to an environmental sensing module. A power supply module is mounted on the support frame and connected to the main control module. The real-time monitoring device for methane emissions in high-altitude wetlands provided by this invention has the advantages of unattended automated operation and reliable data transmission via a dual-mode communication unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, and in particular to a real-time monitoring device for methane emissions in high-altitude wetlands. Background Technology

[0002] High-altitude wetlands are significant sources of methane emissions, and their emission processes are sensitive to climate change. Currently, methane monitoring in these regions relies heavily on manual sampling and laboratory analysis, which is inefficient, costly, and unable to provide continuous, real-time data. Existing automated monitoring equipment often struggles to adapt to the extreme temperatures, strong winds, and freeze-thaw cycles of high-altitude regions, resulting in problems such as pipeline freezing, high equipment power consumption, unstable power supply, and data transmission difficulties, leading to insufficient reliability for long-term continuous monitoring.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new real-time monitoring device for methane emissions in cold, wetlands to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a real-time monitoring device for methane emissions in cold wetlands that can operate automatically without human intervention and reliably transmit data via a dual-mode communication unit.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for methane emissions in high-altitude wetlands, comprising: a support frame, an insulated box on the top of the support frame, a gas acquisition and analysis module and a main control module inside the insulated box, the main control module being connected to the gas acquisition and analysis module, an environmental sensing module being connected to the main control module, and a power supply module on the support frame, the power supply module being connected to the main control module;

[0006] The environmental sensing module is used to synchronously and continuously monitor key soil and environmental factors that affect methane emissions.

[0007] The gas acquisition and analysis module is used to adaptively acquire gas samples from multiple locations and perform methane concentration analysis based on feedback from the environmental sensing module.

[0008] The main control module is connected to a communication unit, and the main control module is used to coordinate and control the operation of each module, process data, and transmit data remotely.

[0009] Preferably, the support frame includes multiple support columns, the outer walls of the support columns are threaded, the top ends of the multiple support columns are fixedly installed with the same support plate, the top of the support plate is fixedly installed with multiple pads, and the insulation box is fixedly installed on the top of the multiple pads.

[0010] Preferably, the gas acquisition and analysis module includes a processing box, with one end of multiple air inlet pipes fixedly installed on the outside of the processing box, and an air inlet head fixedly installed on the other end of the air inlet pipes. One end of a connecting pipe is connected to the bottom of the processing box, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to a laser analyzer.

[0011] Preferably, one end of a calibration tube is fixedly installed on the top of the processing box, and a calibration air inlet head is fixedly installed on the other end of the calibration tube.

[0012] Preferably, the gas acquisition and analysis module further includes multiple studs, with a fixing plate fixedly installed at the top of each stud. The fixing plate has mounting holes, and the air inlet pipe passes through the mounting holes and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting holes.

[0013] Preferably, the processing box is provided with an inclined filter screen, a dust discharge box is provided on one side of the filter screen, a sealing plate is hinged to one side of the dust discharge box, and a dust discharge pump is provided on the side of the dust discharge box away from the processing box.

[0014] Preferably, the power supply module includes a battery pack installed inside the insulation box and multiple connecting frames fixedly installed on the top of the support plate. The multiple connecting frames are fixedly installed with the same connecting ring. A support ring is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting ring. A mounting frame is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the support ring. A solar panel is provided on the mounting frame.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the calibration tube furthest from the processing box passes through the connecting ring and the support ring and extends above the support ring.

[0016] Preferably, the environmental sensing module includes a meteorological parameter sensor, a soil multi-parameter sensor, and a soil nutrient sensor.

[0017] Compared with related technologies, the real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention provides a real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands. Through the design of threaded support columns and pads, it effectively copes with freeze-thaw cycles and ground cold conduction, ensuring long-term structural stability on soft, wet foundations. By employing full-process heat tracing and insulation of the intake pipe, active temperature control of the insulation box, and large-angle installation of solar panels with MPPT management, it systematically overcomes the problems of pipeline freezing, equipment failure, and unstable power supply caused by extremely low temperatures, thus ensuring continuous operation under all-weather conditions. By integrating a micro vacuum pump, flow control valve, laser analyzer, and intelligent algorithms, it achieves adaptive multi-point sampling and high-precision measurement based on environmental feedback. Furthermore, through automatic calibration and a self-cleaning filter mechanism, it ensures the accuracy of monitoring data and the long-term reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands provided by the present invention from a first perspective;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands provided by the present invention from a second perspective;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands provided by the present invention from a third perspective;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the support frame.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the gas acquisition and analysis module.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram from another perspective is shown;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the installation structure of the intake pipe, mounting plate, and studs.

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the connection structure of the processing box, dust collection box, and laser analyzer.

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the structure.

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of the power supply module.

[0029] Figure 11 The control principle block diagram of the real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands provided by the present invention.

[0030] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Support frame; 101. Support plate; 102. Support column; 103. Pad; 2. Insulation box; 3. Gas acquisition and analysis module; 301. Processing box; 302. Inlet pipe; 303. Inlet head; 304. Dust removal box; 305. Dust removal pump; 306. Connecting pipe; 307. Laser analyzer; 308. Calibration pipe; 309. Calibration inlet head; 310. Stud; 311. Fixing plate; 312. Mounting hole; 313. Filter screen; 314. Sealing plate; 4. Environmental sensing module; 5. Power supply module; 501. Connecting ring; 502. Connecting frame; 503. Support ring; 504. Mounting frame; 505. Solar panel. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-11 ,in, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands provided by the present invention from a first perspective; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands provided by the present invention from a second perspective; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands provided by the present invention from a third perspective; Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the support frame. Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the gas acquisition and analysis module. Figure 6 for Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram from another perspective is shown; Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the installation structure of the intake pipe, mounting plate, and studs. Figure 8 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the connection structure of the processing box, dust collection box, and laser analyzer. Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the structure. Figure 10 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of the power supply module. Figure 11 This invention provides a block diagram illustrating the control principle of a real-time methane emission monitoring device for alpine wetlands. The device includes: a support frame 1, an insulated box 2, a gas acquisition and analysis module 3, a main control module, an environmental sensing module 4, and a power supply module 5.

[0033] The support frame 1 serves as the foundation for the entire device, and an insulated box 2 is mounted on top of it. The insulated box 2 houses a gas acquisition and analysis module 3 and a main control module. The main control module is electrically connected to the gas acquisition and analysis module 3 to control its operation and acquire data. The main control module is also connected to an environmental sensing module 4 for receiving soil and atmospheric environmental parameters. A power supply module 5 is mounted on the support frame 1, connected to the main control module and providing power to the entire device. The main control module is also connected to a communication unit for remotely transmitting processed data to a monitoring center.

[0034] The support frame 1 includes multiple support columns 102, the outer walls of which are threaded. This design facilitates the screwing of the support columns 102 into the frozen soil layer by rotation, enhancing anchoring force and stability in soft or freeze-thaw cycle wetlands. A single support plate 101 is fixedly installed at the top of each of the multiple support columns 102, forming a stable load-bearing platform. Multiple pads 103 are fixedly installed on the top of the support plate 101, and the insulation box 2 is fixedly installed on top of the pads 103. The design of the pads 103 creates an air insulation layer between the insulation box 2 and the support plate 101, helping to reduce the direct conduction of cold energy from the ground.

[0035] The gas acquisition and analysis module 3 is the core of this invention, and it includes a processing box 301. Multiple air inlet pipes 302 are fixedly installed at one end of the outer side of the processing box 301. The air inlet pipes 302 can integrate self-regulating electric heating tape inside and are wrapped with composite insulation material on the outside, forming a fully heated pipeline to ensure that the pipeline does not freeze or condense at a low temperature of -40℃. An air inlet head 303 is fixedly installed at the other end of each air inlet pipe 302. The air inlet head 303 can be designed as a cover with an insect-proof net and a rain and snow-proof structure. A laser analyzer 307 is connected to the bottom of the processing box 301 via a connecting pipe 306 for high-precision methane concentration analysis of the sample gas. A miniature vacuum pump is located at the bottom of the processing box 301, and flow control valves are installed on each of the air inlet pipes 302 and the calibration pipe 308. The main control module controls the corresponding flow control valves to sequentially draw gas from different air inlet pipes 302 or switch to the calibration gas path, realizing multi-point cyclic sampling and automatic calibration functions.

[0036] One end of a calibration tube 308 is fixedly installed on the top of the processing box 301, and a calibration inlet head 309 is fixedly installed on the other end of the calibration tube 308. The calibration inlet head 309 is located at a high position in the device and is used to extract ambient background air to calculate the net methane emission flux. The calibration tube 308 also has a heat tracing and insulation structure.

[0037] To secure the multi-channel air intake pipes 302, the gas acquisition and analysis module 3 further includes multiple studs 310. A fixing plate 311 is fixedly mounted on the top of each stud 310. The fixing plate 311 has multiple mounting holes 312, through which the air intake pipes 302 pass and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting holes 312. By setting the air intake heads 303 at different ground heights, the monitoring needs of different vegetation heights or water levels can be accommodated.

[0038] The processing chamber 301 contains an inclined filter screen 313 for filtering dust and suspended particulate matter in the sample gas. A dust collection box 304 is located on one side of the filter screen 313, and a sealing plate 314 is hinged to one side of the dust collection box 304 for easy cleaning. A dust pump 305 is located on the side of the dust collection box 304 away from the processing chamber 301. The main control module can periodically or based on feedback from a differential pressure sensor control the dust pump 305 to start, blowing the dust accumulated on the filter screen 313 back out of the dust collection box 304, achieving self-cleaning of the filtration system and ensuring unobstructed airflow during long-term operation.

[0039] The power supply module 5 includes a battery pack installed inside the insulation box 2 and multiple connecting brackets 502 fixedly installed on the top of the support plate 101. Multiple connecting brackets 502 are fixedly mounted with the same connecting ring 501. A support ring 503 is fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting ring 501. A mounting bracket 504 is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the support ring 503, and a solar panel 505 is mounted on the mounting bracket 504. The battery pack is a low-temperature resistant lithium thionyl chloride battery and is placed inside the insulation box 2, sharing thermal management with the main control module. The solar panel 505 is installed at a large tilt angle, which is beneficial for snow to slide off in low-latitude regions. Its output end is connected to a solar controller with maximum power point tracking function to optimize charging efficiency. The end of the calibration tube 308 furthest from the processing box 301 passes through the connecting ring 501 and the support ring 503 and extends above the support ring 503, ensuring that the background gas sampling port is higher than the device body, reducing its own interference.

[0040] The environmental sensing module 4 includes meteorological parameter sensors, soil multi-parameter sensors, and soil nutrient sensors. Meteorological parameter sensors (such as temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, and atmospheric pressure sensors) are installed at a high position on the support frame 1; soil multi-parameter sensors (such as soil temperature and humidity sensors) are deployed in the wetlands surrounding the monitoring points; soil nutrient sensors (such as in-situ microdialysis collectors for monitoring soil solution nitrogen content) are also deployed in the wetlands. All sensor data is transmitted to the main control module, which has a pre-installed intelligent algorithm that can dynamically adjust the gas sampling frequency based on real-time soil temperature and humidity data (for example, increasing the sampling frequency during periods of high temperature and active methanogenesis), achieving adaptive, low-power intelligent monitoring.

[0041] The main control module integrates a dual-mode transmission unit for satellite communication and 4G / 5G cellular communication, which can automatically switch according to signal quality to ensure the reliability of data transmission in high-altitude and remote areas. The main control module also has a self-diagnostic function, which can monitor battery voltage, internal temperature, pipeline heating status, etc., and send alarms through the communication unit in case of abnormalities.

[0042] The insulated box 2 has a double-layer shell structure, filled with insulation material. The box is equipped with a heater and a temperature sensor. The main control module intelligently controls the start and stop according to the external ambient temperature to maintain the temperature inside the box within the operating temperature range of the laser analyzer 307 and other electronic components (such as above 0°C).

[0043] The working principle of the real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands provided by this invention is as follows:

[0044] During installation, the device is first transported to the monitoring point, the threaded support column 102 is anchored to the ground by rotation, the height of the stud 310 is adjusted, the air inlet 303 is placed at the predetermined sampling height, and the system is connected and started.

[0045] Based on the soil temperature and humidity data fed back by the environmental sensing module 4, the main control module determines the current sampling frequency. Then, it controls a flow control valve and its corresponding air inlet pipe 302 to start a micro vacuum pump. Gas from the wetland surface is drawn into the processing chamber 301 via the heated air inlet pipe 302. After dust removal and filtration, the methane concentration is measured by a laser analyzer 307. After a single-point measurement is completed, the system switches to the next air inlet pipe 302, sequentially completing gas sampling and analysis at all preset points. After several hours, the system switches to the calibration pipe 308 to extract background air from higher elevations for analysis, used to calculate the net flux.

[0046] The main control module packages methane concentration data, environmental parameters, and equipment status information and sends them to the remote server via the communication unit;

[0047] The system automatically starts the dust pump 305 periodically (e.g., once a week) to clean the filter 313. When solar power is insufficient, the system can automatically enter a low-power sleep mode.

[0048] Compared with related technologies, the real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] This invention provides a real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands. Through the design of the threaded support column 102 and the pad 103, it effectively copes with freeze-thaw cycles and ground cold conduction, achieving long-term structural stability of the device on soft, wet foundations. By using full-process heat tracing and insulation of the air intake pipe 302, active temperature control of the insulation box 2, and the large-angle installation and MPPT management of the solar panel 505, it systematically overcomes the problems of pipeline freezing, equipment failure, and unstable power supply caused by extremely low temperatures, thus ensuring continuous operation under all-weather conditions. By integrating a micro vacuum pump, flow control valve, laser analyzer 307, and intelligent algorithms, it can achieve adaptive multi-point sampling and high-precision measurement based on environmental feedback. Furthermore, through automatic calibration and a self-cleaning mechanism for the filter 313, it ensures the accuracy of monitoring data and the long-term reliability of the system.

[0050] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring device for methane emissions in high-altitude wetlands, characterized in that, include: A support frame is provided, with an insulated box on top. The insulated box contains a gas collection and analysis module and a main control module. The main control module is connected to the gas collection and analysis module and is also connected to an environmental sensing module. A power supply module is provided on the support frame and is connected to the main control module. The environmental sensing module is used to synchronously and continuously monitor key soil and environmental factors that affect methane emissions; The gas acquisition and analysis module is used to adaptively acquire gas samples from multiple locations and perform methane concentration analysis based on feedback from the environmental sensing module. The main control module is connected to a communication unit, and the main control module is used to coordinate and control the operation of each module, process data, and transmit data remotely.

2. The real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame includes multiple support columns, the outer walls of which are threaded. The top of the multiple support columns is fixedly mounted with the same support plate, and the top of the support plate is fixedly mounted with multiple pads. The insulation box is fixedly mounted on the top of the multiple pads.

3. The real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas acquisition and analysis module includes a processing box. Multiple air inlet pipes are fixedly installed on one end of the processing box, and an air inlet head is fixedly installed on the other end of the air inlet pipes. A connecting pipe is connected to one end of the bottom of the processing box, and a laser analyzer is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe.

4. The real-time monitoring device for methane emissions in high-altitude wetlands according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of a calibration tube is fixedly installed on the top of the processing box, and a calibration air inlet head is fixedly installed on the other end of the calibration tube.

5. The real-time monitoring device for methane emissions in high-altitude wetlands according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas acquisition and analysis module also includes multiple studs, with a fixing plate fixedly installed at the top of each stud. The fixing plate has mounting holes, and the air inlet pipe passes through the mounting holes and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting holes.

6. The real-time monitoring device for methane emissions in high-altitude wetlands according to claim 3, characterized in that, The processing box is equipped with an inclined filter screen. A dust discharge box is located on one side of the filter screen. A sealing plate is hinged to one side of the dust discharge box. A dust discharge pump is located on the side of the dust discharge box away from the processing box.

7. The real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power supply module includes a battery pack installed inside the insulation box and multiple connecting frames fixedly installed on the top of the support plate. The multiple connecting frames are fixedly installed with the same connecting ring. A support ring is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting ring. A mounting frame is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the support ring. A solar panel is provided on the mounting frame.

8. The real-time monitoring device for methane emissions in high-altitude wetlands according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end of the calibration tube furthest from the processing box passes through the connecting ring and the support ring and extends above the support ring.

9. The real-time methane emission monitoring device for high-altitude wetlands according to claim 7, characterized in that, The environmental sensing module includes a meteorological parameter sensor, a soil multi-parameter sensor, and a soil nutrient sensor.

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