A test apparatus and method for simulating surface curvature deformation

Abstract

This invention provides a surface curvature deformation simulation test device and method, relating to the field of surface deformation simulation test technology. The surface curvature deformation simulation test device includes: two opposing supports, each support having multiple vertical guide grooves spaced at a predetermined distance; a jack fixedly connected to the bottom of each support within each vertical guide groove; a crossbeam spanning between every two opposing vertical guide grooves, with both ends of the crossbeam fixedly connected to the lifting ends of the jacks in the two opposing vertical guide grooves; a cover plate positioned between two adjacent crossbeams, with a cover plate support shaft on each side of the cover plate having a three-quarter circle cross-section, and each side of the cover plate being connected to the end face of the crossbeam via the cover plate support shaft; and a rubber sheet laid on top of the cover plate. This invention achieves precise control over the shape and magnitude of surface curvature deformation and provides a continuous and smooth curvature deformation surface for the bottom surface of the specimen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surface deformation simulation testing technology, specifically to a surface curvature deformation simulation testing device and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Underground coal mining causes surface deformation, among which curvature deformation is one of the important forms of surface deformation; surface curvature deformation can cause deformation, cracking, and damage to buildings or structures, such as... Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, to study the impact of surface curvature deformation on buildings and structures, and to prevent disasters caused by surface curvature deformation, simulation tests of buildings and structures under surface curvature deformation conditions are necessary. Existing test devices for simulating surface deformation in mining areas have the following problems: 1) Some existing test devices cover an adjustable base plate simulating surface deformation with a soil layer, placing specimens on the soil surface. The surface curvature deformation is simulated by soil layer deformation. However, when loading curvature deformation, the loading curvature is difficult to control precisely due to the influence of soil layer thickness and soil conditions; 2) Some test devices eliminate the soil layer, allowing the specimen bottom to rest directly on the height-adjustable base plate. This results in discontinuous vertical displacement of the support surfaces on the jacks due to the difference in vertical displacement between adjacent jacks, causing abrupt changes between adjacent supports. This fails to provide a smooth and continuous curvature deformation surface for the specimen bottom, such as... Figure 14 As shown; at the same time, when the current test equipment uses multiple jacks for the experiment, when the jacks are subjected to curvature deformation loading, it is necessary to calculate the displacement and lifting amount of each jack according to the test loading surface. In general, the lifting amount of each jack is different. If the lifting amount of the jacks is manually controlled, there will be difficulties in loading and the loading displacement is difficult to control accurately. If jacks with automatic lifting amount control, i.e., actuators (although a single actuator has an automatic loading function, its price is a hundred times that of a single jack), the cost of the test equipment will be greatly increased. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a test apparatus and method for simulating surface curvature deformation. It solves the problems of existing simulation test apparatuses, such as difficulty in accurately controlling curvature deformation precision and the inability to provide a smooth surface curvature deformation surface.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An embodiment of the present invention provides a test apparatus for simulating surface curvature deformation, comprising: Two opposing brackets, each of which is provided with multiple vertical guide grooves spaced at a preset distance; Each of the vertical guide slots is equipped with a jack that is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bracket; A crossbeam is erected between every two opposing vertical guide slots, and the two ends of the crossbeam are fixedly connected to the lifting ends of the jacks in the two opposing vertical guide slots. A cover plate is provided between two adjacent crossbeams. Each side of the cover plate is provided with a cover plate support shaft with a cross-section of three-quarters of a circle. Each side of the cover plate is connected to the end face of the crossbeam through the cover plate support shaft. A rubber sheet laid on top of the cover plate.

[0005] Optionally, the support includes: The bottom beam and the top beam disposed opposite to the bottom beam; The bottom beam and the top beam are fixedly connected at both ends by the first side column and the second side column, respectively; Multiple central columns are arranged between the bottom beam and the top beam, and each central column is spaced apart by a vertical guide groove, so that a vertical guide groove is formed between two adjacent central columns; each jack is set in a vertical guide groove and is fixedly connected to the bottom beam.

[0006] Optionally, a first support leg and a second support leg are provided on both sides of the first side column and both sides of the second side column, and the first support leg and the second support leg are fixedly connected to the bottom beam and the top beam.

[0007] Optionally, the surface curvature deformation simulation test device further includes: The oil supply assembly that connects all the jacks; A lifting height control component is installed on the top surface of the crossbeam above each jack, and the lifting height control component is electrically connected to the oil supply component; In use, the lifting height control component pre-sets the preset lifting height of each jack, and the oil supply component controls all jacks to lift simultaneously. When the jacks reach their respective preset lifting heights, the lifting height control component for each jack sends a feedback signal to the oil supply component, which then controls the current jack to stop lifting based on the feedback signal.

[0008] Optionally, the oil supply assembly includes: Oil supply pump; The main oil circuit is connected to the oil supply pump via the main oil circuit solenoid valve; Each of the jacks is connected to the main oil circuit via a branch oil circuit; Each of the aforementioned oil distribution lines is equipped with an oil distribution line solenoid valve, and each oil distribution line solenoid valve is electrically connected to the lifting height control component above the current jack through a solenoid valve control circuit.

[0009] Optionally, the lifting height control component includes: A top rod is provided on the top surface of the crossbeam above each jack, one end of each top rod extends vertically upward from the top surface of each crossbeam, and the other end of each top rod is fixedly connected to the top surface of each crossbeam; The jack stroke adjustment rod is mounted on the bracket and located directly above each jack rod. The jack stroke adjustment rod is fixed to the bracket by a jack stroke adjustment rod support. The ends of the push rod and the jack stroke adjusting rod are electrically connected to the oil circuit solenoid valve of the jack below the current push rod through a solenoid valve control circuit.

[0010] Optionally, the solenoid valve control circuit includes: Lower contact, upper contact, first wire, and second wire; The lower contact point is located at one end of the top rod; The upper contact point is located at one end of the jack stroke adjusting rod; The first and second wires respectively connect the lower and upper contacts to the switch of the oil distribution solenoid valve.

[0011] Optionally, each of the crossbeams is provided with a crossbeam stiffener; the cover plate is disposed between two adjacent crossbeam stiffeners, and each end of the cover plate is connected to the end face of the crossbeam through a cover plate support shaft; the crossbeam stiffener has a rectangular cross section, and the height of the crossbeam stiffener is the same as the diameter of the cover plate support shaft.

[0012] Optionally, the radius of the cover plate support shaft is the same as the thickness of the cover plate.

[0013] The present invention also provides a test method based on a surface curvature deformation simulation test device, wherein the surface curvature deformation simulation test device is as described above, and the method includes: Obtain the test specimens and counterweights corresponding to the experimental research objects; Adjust all the jacks of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device to the lowest position, and adjust the jacks to keep the top surface of each crossbeam at the same horizontal height; The test specimen is mounted on a rubber plate, and a counterweight is installed on the test specimen; The vertical lifting amount of each jack is calculated based on the preset curvature deformation surface; Based on the vertical lifting amount of each jack, control each jack to lift until each crossbeam reaches the preset position.

[0014] The above-described solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention includes: two opposing supports, each support having multiple vertical guide grooves; a crossbeam perpendicular to the support is installed in each pair of opposing guide grooves, with both ends of the crossbeam supported on jacks at the bottom of the guide grooves; the lifting stroke of the jacks can be automatically controlled by displacement contact switches and jack hydraulic solenoid valves installed on the top surface of the crossbeams, thereby controlling the lifting height of each crossbeam; a cover plate is installed between two adjacent crossbeams, with cylindrical support shafts on both sides of the cover plate; the cover plate is placed on the top surface of the crossbeams through the support shafts and can rotate relative to the crossbeams; by installing a rotatable cover plate on the crossbeams, the problem of uneven curvature deformation surfaces caused by abrupt changes in the height of adjacent crossbeams is eliminated; the present invention achieves accurate simulation and automatic loading control of continuous surface curvature deformation surfaces. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a top view of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom beam planar structure of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the crossbeam planar structure of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the crossbeam and cover plate of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting height control component of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the oil supply component of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a plan view of the specimen installation of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention; Figure 10 This is an elevation view of the specimen installation of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the test curvature deformation setting of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a structural diagram illustrating damage to buildings or structures caused by existing positive curvature deformation of the earth's surface. Figure 13 This is a structural diagram illustrating damage to buildings or structures caused by existing negative curvature deformation of the earth's surface. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a structure where the difference in vertical displacement between existing adjacent supports leads to an uneven and discontinuous loading surface. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1. Support frame; 10. Test specimen; 11. Vertical guide groove; 12. Bottom beam; 13. Top beam; 14. First side column; 15. Second side column; 16. Middle column; 17. First support leg; 18. Second support leg; 2. Jack; 21. Pad plate; 3. Crossbeam; 31. Crossbeam stiffener; 4. Cover plate; 41. Cover plate support shaft; 5. Rubber plate; 6. Oil supply pump; 61. Main oil circuit; 62. Main oil circuit solenoid valve; 63. Branch oil circuit; 64. Branch oil circuit solenoid valve; 7. Lifting height control assembly; 71. Top rod; 72. Jack stroke adjustment rod; 73. Jack stroke adjustment rod support; 74. Screw hole; 81. Lower contact; 82. Upper contact; 83. First wire; 84. Second wire. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0017] like Figure 1 and Figure 11 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a surface curvature deformation simulation test device, comprising: Two opposing brackets 1, each of which is provided with a plurality of vertical guide grooves 11 spaced at a preset distance; Each of the vertical guide grooves 11 is provided with a jack 2 that is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bracket 1; A crossbeam 3 is installed between every two oppositely arranged vertical guide slots 11. The two ends of the crossbeam 3 are fixedly connected to the lifting ends of the jacks 2 in the two oppositely arranged vertical guide slots 11. The crossbeam 3 is perpendicular to the direction of the support 1. A cover plate 4 is provided between two adjacent crossbeams 3. Each side of the cover plate 4 is provided with a cover plate support shaft 41 with a cross-section of three-quarters of a circle. Each side of the cover plate 4 is connected to the end face of the crossbeam 3 through the cover plate support shaft 41. A rubber sheet 5 is laid on top of the cover plate 4.

[0018] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, each of the crossbeams 3 is provided with a crossbeam stiffener 31; the cover plate 4 is disposed between two adjacent crossbeam stiffeners 31, and each end of the cover plate 4 is connected to the end face of the crossbeam 3 through a cover plate support shaft 41; the rubber plate 5 is laid on top of the cover plate 4 and the crossbeam stiffeners 31.

[0019] The cross section of the beam stiffener 31 is rectangular, and the height of the beam stiffener 31 is the same as the diameter of the cover plate support shaft 41.

[0020] The radius of the cover plate support shaft 41 is the same as the thickness of the cover plate 4. In this embodiment, there are multiple crossbeams 3 arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the support 1; the crossbeams 3 can be made of I-beams or rectangular steel pipes; the crossbeam stiffeners 31 are set at the center of the upper surface of the crossbeams 3 and are set along the length of the crossbeams 3; there is a certain gap between the two ends of the crossbeam stiffeners 31 and the supports 1 at both ends of the crossbeams 3 to prevent collision with the top of the supports 1 during the rising process; there are two supports 1, arranged in parallel at both ends of the crossbeams 3 and perpendicular to the direction of the crossbeams 3; the supports 1 provide a fixed support for the jacks 2 through the vertical guide grooves 11 and provide positioning guidance for the vertical displacement of the crossbeams 3. The jack 2 is a separate hydraulic jack, which controls the vertical displacement of the crossbeam 3 supported on the jack by lifting and lowering. Multiple parallel crossbeams 3 fit the surface curvature deformation surface through different vertical displacements, providing base support for the test specimen 10 on it. In use, the test specimen 10 is placed on the rubber plate 5, and then the jack 2 is used to lift the test specimen 10 according to the surface curvature until the lifting end of the jack 2 reaches the preset position, that is, the cover plate 4 and the rubber plate 5 of the test device reach the preset test design curvature deformation surface. Then, test data is collected and test phenomena are observed. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the beam stiffener 31 is rectangular, and the height of the beam stiffener 31 is consistent with the diameter height of the cover plate support shaft 41. The function of the beam stiffener 31 is to constrain the cover plate 4 between the connected beams 3. In this embodiment, a cover plate 4 is provided between adjacent beams 3. The cross-section of the cover plate 4 is rectangular, and there is a three-quarter circle cover plate support shaft 41 at each end of the cross-section of the cover plate 4. The radius of the cover plate support shaft 41 is consistent with the thickness of the cover plate 4. On the cross-section of the cover plate 4, the top surface of the cover plate 4 is flush with the top of the cover plate support shaft 41, and the lower left and right corners of the cross-section of the cover plate 4 are located at the center of the cross-section of the left and right cover plate support shafts 41, respectively. That is, the cover plate 4 occupies the upper left or upper right 1 / 4 of the circular cross section of the cover plate support shaft 41. This design ensures that there is no protrusion on the top surface of the cover plate 4 when it rotates, and the top surfaces of adjacent cover plates 4 are smooth and continuous. Through the design of the cover plate support shaft 41, the cover plate 4 can rotate relative to the crossbeam 3 during the process of the crossbeam 3 driving the cover plate 4 to rise. After the cover plate 4 rotates on the crossbeam 3, the height of the top surface of the cover plate 4 will not change, thus avoiding the formation of a protrusion on the top surface of the cover plate 4 after rotation, which would disrupt the continuity of the loading surface. A layer of rubber plate 5 is laid on the top surface of the cover plate 4. The elastic deformation of the rubber plate 5 can further smooth the loading surface.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, pads 21 are welded to the lower surfaces of both ends of the crossbeam 3 at the contact points with the jack 2, and the crossbeam 3 is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the jack 2 through the pads 21; the function of the pads 21 is to disperse the pressure transmitted from the jack to the crossbeam 3.

[0022] The surface curvature deformation simulation test device of the present invention consists of a test loading platform composed of multiple parallel crossbeams 3. Jacks 2 are installed at both ends of the crossbeams 3, and the vertical displacement of the crossbeams 3 is controlled by the lifting and lowering of the jacks 2. The vertical displacement of the multiple crossbeams 3 is used to fit the surface curvature deformation surface. By setting rotating shafts, i.e., cover plate support shafts, on both sides of the cross section of the cover plate 4, the cover plate 4 contacts the crossbeams 3 through the rotating shafts. When the cover plate 4 rotates, the presence of the rotating shafts will not form a protrusion on the top surface of the crossbeams 3, so that the loading surface remains smooth and continuous, and there are no abrupt changes in vertical displacement of the loading surface. By placing the test specimen 10 directly on the test equipment platform, the test platform can accurately control the shape and magnitude of the curvature deformation of the specimen base. Thus, the precise control of the shape and magnitude of the curvature deformation of the specimen base is achieved, and a continuous and smooth curvature deformation surface is provided for the bottom surface of the specimen, so that there are no abrupt changes in vertical displacement of the loading surface.

[0023] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the support 1 includes: Bottom beam 12 and top beam 13 disposed opposite to the bottom beam 12; The bottom beam 12 and the top beam 13 are fixedly connected at both ends by the first side column 14 and the second side column 15, respectively. Multiple central columns 16 are arranged between the bottom beam 12 and the top beam 13, and each central column 16 is spaced apart by a vertical guide groove 11, so that a vertical guide groove 11 is formed between two adjacent central columns 16; each jack 2 is arranged in a vertical guide groove 11 and is fixedly connected to the bottom beam 12.

[0024] In this embodiment, the distance between the first side column 14 and the middle column 16, and between the second side column 15 and the middle column 16, is also a distance equal to the width of a vertical guide groove 11, so that a vertical guide groove 11 is formed between the first side column 14 and the middle column 16, and between the second side column 15 and the middle column 16.

[0025] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a first support leg 17 and a second support leg 18 are provided on both sides of the first side column 14 and both sides of the second side column 15. The first support leg 17 and the second support leg 18 are fixedly connected to the bottom beam 12 and the top beam 13, and are perpendicular to the length direction of the bottom beam 12.

[0026] In this embodiment, the base of the jack 2 is fixed to the bottom beam 12; the support 1 consists of the bottom beam 12, the top beam 13, the first side column 14, the second side column 15, the middle column 16, and the legs. The bottom beam 12, the top beam 13, the first side column 14, and the second side column 15 are all made of channel steel and welded to form a closed rectangular frame. There are multiple middle columns 16, made of I-beams, arranged parallel to the first side column 14 and the second side column 15, distributed on the first side column 14 and the second side column 15. Between the columns 15, the upper and lower ends of the middle column 16 are fixedly connected to the top beam 13 and the bottom beam 12 respectively; the function of the middle column 16 is to provide positioning and guidance for the crossbeam 3, so that the crossbeam can slide up and down in the vertical guide groove 11 between the two middle columns 16; both ends of the bracket 1 are provided with support legs, which can prevent the bracket 1 from tipping over. The support legs can be made of square steel tubes. The first support leg 17 and the second support leg 18 form a triangle in elevation. The first support leg 17 and the second support leg 18 are both connected and fixed to the bottom beam 12 and the top beam 13.

[0027] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the surface curvature deformation simulation test apparatus further includes: Connect all the oil supply components of jack 2; The lifting height control component 7 is installed on the top surface of the crossbeam 3 above each jack 2, and the lifting height control component 7 is electrically connected to the oil supply component; In use, the lifting height control component 7 is used to pre-set the preset lifting height of each jack 2, and the oil supply component controls all jacks 2 to lift simultaneously. When each jack 2 is lifted to its preset lifting height, the lifting height control component 7 corresponding to each jack 2 sends a feedback signal to the oil supply component, and the oil supply component controls the current jack 2 to stop lifting according to the feedback signal.

[0028] In this embodiment, a lifting height control component 7 is provided on the top surface of each end of each crossbeam 3. The lifting height of the corresponding jack 2 below each lifting height control component 7 is controlled by the lifting height control component 7. In this embodiment, through the design of the oil supply component and the lifting height control component 7, the loading surface can be set in advance before the test. During the test, the jacks are automatically lifted by the oil supply component. The jack 2 can be automatically lifted to the set loading surface and automatically stop lifting under the action of the lifting height control component 7. That is, the loading of the jacks is completed automatically without manual intervention during the lifting process. It is possible to automatically lift to the set loading surface, which reduces the loading difficulty when the jacks are subjected to curvature deformation loading, ensures accurate control of the loading displacement, and has the advantage of low cost.

[0029] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the oil supply assembly includes: Oil supply pump 6; The main oil circuit 61 is connected to the oil supply pump 6 via the main oil circuit solenoid valve 62; Each of the jacks 2 is connected to the main oil circuit 61 through a branch oil circuit 63; Each of the oil distribution channels 63 is equipped with an oil distribution channel solenoid valve 64, and each oil distribution channel solenoid valve 64 is electrically connected to the lifting height control component 7 above the current jack 2 through a solenoid valve control circuit.

[0030] In this embodiment, the oil supply pump 6 supplies oil to all jacks 2. A main oil circuit solenoid valve 62 is provided at the oil circuit outlet of the oil supply pump 6 to control the oil supply pump 6 to supply oil to all jacks 2. Each jack 2 is supplied with oil by a branch oil circuit 63 connected to the main oil circuit 61. Each branch oil circuit 63 of each jack 2 is equipped with a branch oil circuit solenoid valve 64 for oil circuit control. Each branch oil circuit solenoid valve 64 controls the opening and closing of the branch oil circuit 63 of each jack 2 according to the feedback signal sent by the lifting height control component 7, thereby controlling the start and stop of the lifting of each jack 2.

[0031] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the lifting height control component 7 includes: A top rod 71 is provided on the top surface of the crossbeam 3 above each jack 2. One end of each top rod 71 extends vertically upward from the top surface of each crossbeam 3, and the other end of each top rod 71 is fixedly connected to the top surface of each crossbeam 3. The jack stroke adjustment rod 72 is mounted on the bracket 1 and located directly above each jack rod 71. The jack stroke adjustment rod 72 is fixed on the bracket 1 by a jack stroke adjustment rod support 73. The jack stroke adjustment rod 72 can move up and down relative to the jack stroke adjustment rod support 73 and can be fixed at any position within the adjustable range. The ends of the push rod 71 and the jack stroke adjustment rod 72 are electrically connected to the oil circuit solenoid valve 64 of the jack 2 below the current push rod 71 through a solenoid valve control circuit.

[0032] In this embodiment, a top rod 71 is provided on the top surface at both ends of each crossbeam 3, and all top rods 71 ​​have the same height. The top rod 71 extends vertically upward from the top surface of the crossbeam 3, and the bottom end of the top rod 71 is connected to the top surface of the crossbeam 3, which can be fixed by strong magnets. The jack stroke adjustment rod 72 is provided on the outer side of the top beam 13 of the support 1. The jack stroke adjustment rod 72 is arranged vertically, coaxial with the top rod 71, and is connected to the side of the top beam 13 through the jack stroke adjustment rod support 73. The top beam 13 A screw hole 74 is provided on the side, and the jack stroke adjustment rod support 73 is fixed to the side of the top beam 13 by screws passing through the screw hole 74; the jack stroke adjustment rod 72 can move up and down within the jack stroke adjustment rod support 73; specifically, this can be achieved by providing threads on the jack stroke adjustment rod 72 and the jack stroke adjustment rod support 73, and by rotating the jack stroke adjustment rod 72, the jack stroke adjustment rod 72 can move up and down within the jack stroke adjustment rod support 73.

[0033] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the solenoid valve control circuit includes: Lower contact 81, upper contact 82, first wire 83 and second wire 84; The lower contact 81 is located at one end of the top rod 71; The upper contact 82 is located at one end of the jack stroke adjusting rod 72; The first wire 83 and the second wire 84 respectively connect the lower contact 81 and the upper contact 82 to the switch of the oil distribution solenoid valve 64.

[0034] In this embodiment, the lower contact 81 is a hemispherical conductive contact, located at the top of the top rod 71; the upper contact 82 is a horizontal disc-shaped conductive contact, located at the bottom of the jack stroke adjusting rod 72; the upper contact 82 and the lower contact 81 are led out through the first wire 83 and the second wire 84 to form a switching circuit, i.e., a solenoid valve control circuit. When the upper contact 82 contacts the lower contact 81, a feedback signal indicating circuit continuity is sent; when the upper contact 82 separates from the lower contact 81, a feedback signal indicating circuit disconnection is sent. This switching circuit serves as the control circuit for each jack stroke adjusting rod 72. The control circuit of the oil distribution solenoid valve 64 of the jack 2; the oil distribution solenoid valve 64 is a normally open valve. When the switching circuit is open, the oil distribution 63 of the jack 2 opens, and the jack 2 lifts; when the switching circuit is on, the oil distribution 63 of the jack 2 closes, and the jack 2 stops lifting; the lifting stroke of the jack 2 is controlled by adjusting the position of the jack stroke adjusting rod 72, that is, the distance between the lower contact 81 and the upper contact 82; thereby realizing the automatic lifting of the crossbeam 3 to the set curvature deformation surface position, thus realizing the automatic lifting and automatic stopping of the jack 2.

[0035] The surface curvature deformation simulation test device of this invention, through the design of the support 1, crossbeam stiffener 31, crossbeam 3, cover plate 4, and cover plate support shaft 41, solves the problems of existing simulation test devices, such as difficulty in accurately controlling curvature deformation accuracy and inability to provide a smooth surface curvature deformation surface. It achieves precise control of the shape and magnitude of the curvature deformation of the specimen base, provides a continuous and smooth curvature deformation surface for the bottom surface of the specimen, and ensures that there are no abrupt changes in vertical displacement on the loading surface. Through the simple structural design of the oil supply component and the lifting height control component 7, it solves the problems of loading difficulties, uncontrollable loading displacement, and high experimental costs when using jacks for curvature deformation loading. It realizes automatic lifting of the jacks to the set loading surface, reduces the loading difficulty when using jacks for curvature deformation loading, ensures precise control of loading displacement, and has the advantage of low cost.

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention provide a test method based on a surface curvature deformation simulation test device, wherein the surface curvature deformation simulation test device is the surface curvature deformation simulation test device as described in the above embodiments, and the method includes: Step 11: Obtain the test specimen and counterweight corresponding to the experimental research object; Step 12: Adjust all the jacks of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device to the lowest position, and adjust the jacks to keep the top surface of each crossbeam at the same horizontal height; Step 13: Install the test specimen on the rubber plate and install a counterweight on the test specimen; Step 14: Calculate the vertical lifting amount of each jack based on the preset curvature deformation surface; Step 15: Based on the vertical lifting amount of each jack, control each jack to lift until each crossbeam reaches the preset position.

[0037] In this embodiment, step 14, calculating the vertical lifting amount of each jack based on the preset curvature deformation surface, may include: Determine the shape and value of the surface curvature deformation surface of the test ground; The height of the top surface of each crossbeam in the test device and the lifting height of each jack are calculated based on the shape and value. Adjust the height of the jack stroke adjustment rod according to the lifting height of each jack, so that the distance between the lower contact and the upper contact is equal to the lifting height of the jack corresponding to the contact, that is, the vertical lifting amount of each jack.

[0038] In this embodiment, step 15, controlling each jack to lift according to the vertical lifting amount of each jack until each crossbeam reaches the preset position, may include: Step 151: Adjust the height of the jack stroke adjustment rod corresponding to each jack according to the vertical lifting amount; Step 152: Control each jack to lift using the oil supply component until the solenoid valve control circuit controls each jack to close, so that each crossbeam reaches the preset position, and the cover plate and rubber plate of the ground curvature deformation simulation test device reach the preset curvature deformation surface.

[0039] In this embodiment, step 15 specifically involves: turning on the oil pump; after the oil pressure stabilizes, opening the main oil circuit solenoid valve to pump oil into each branch oil circuit, thus lifting each jack; the jacks lift upwards, raising the crossbeam, cover plate, and specimen; when a jack reaches a predetermined height, the corresponding upper and lower contacts of that jack engage, automatically closing the solenoid valve of that jack, shutting off the jack's oil circuit, and stopping the lifting; after each jack has been lifted to the preset height in sequence, the branch oil circuits of each jack are closed in sequence, and each jack stops lifting in sequence, ultimately achieving the preset surface deformation curve shape and value of the test device; the jacks are lifting... During the process, when a jack reaches the lifting height set by the jack stroke adjustment rod, its corresponding lower contact contacts the upper contact. At this time, the solenoid valve control circuit closes, thereby controlling the solenoid valve of the corresponding oil circuit of the current jack to close, thus closing the oil circuit of that jack, and the jack stops lifting. When all jacks reach the lifting height in sequence, all jacks stop lifting. The cover plate and rubber plate of the test device reach the curvature deformation surface of the test design, and the loading is completed. At this time, test data can be collected and test phenomena can be observed, thus completing the entire experiment.

[0040] In this embodiment, the test specimen 10 is the foundation beneath the building to be simulated; the counterweight is the building to be simulated; the specific implementation process of the test method based on the surface curvature deformation simulation test device is as follows: First, prepare test specimens of buildings or structures; Create counterweights to simulate the weight loaded on buildings or structures; Install the test equipment and install a cover plate and rubber plate on the top surface of the crossbeam; Adjust all jacks to their lowest positions and ensure that the top surfaces of all beams and cover plates are at the same level. Install the test specimen on the rubber sheet; Install a counterweight on the top surface of the specimen; Calculate the vertical lifting amount of each jack based on the loading curvature deformation surface designed for the experiment, and adjust the height of the jack stroke adjustment rod corresponding to each jack to ensure that the set stroke of the jack meets the design requirements. Start the oil supply pump and open the main oil circuit solenoid valve. At this time, the oil supply pump drives each jack to start lifting. When the lifting amount of a certain jack reaches the lifting amount value set by the jack stroke adjustment rod, its corresponding lower contact and upper contact will contact, the solenoid valve control circuit will close, the solenoid valve will close the oil circuit of that jack, and the jack will stop lifting. Once all jacks have reached their lifting height in sequence, all jacks stop lifting, and the cover plate and rubber plate of the test device reach the curvature deformation surface designed for the test, thus completing the loading process. At this point, test data can be collected and test phenomena can be observed. After the test, turn off the oil supply pump, release the oil pressure, and adjust the jack adjustment rod upward to close the solenoid valve control switch and open the oil distribution circuit of the solenoid valve, so that the jack releases the oil pressure and returns to the lowest state. Remove the specimen from the test platform after the test is completed.

[0041] In this embodiment, the test method based on the surface curvature deformation simulation test device allows the specimen to be directly placed on the test equipment platform. The test platform can precisely control the shape and magnitude of the curvature deformation of the specimen base. Simultaneously, the test device provides a continuous and smooth curvature deformation surface for the specimen's bottom surface, with no abrupt vertical displacement on the loading surface. Before the test, the loading surface is set. During the test, the jacks are automatically lifted by an oil pump to the set loading surface and then automatically stop lifting. That is, the loading of the jacks is completed automatically without manual intervention during the lifting process. This achieves precise control of the shape and magnitude of the curvature deformation of the specimen base, provides a continuous and smooth curvature deformation surface for the specimen's bottom surface, and ensures no abrupt vertical displacement on the loading surface. Furthermore, the automatic lifting of the jacks to the set loading surface reduces the difficulty of loading curvature deformation, ensures precise control of the loading displacement, and has the advantage of low cost.

[0042] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating surface curvature deformation, characterized in that, include: Two opposing brackets (1) are provided, each of which is provided with a plurality of vertical guide grooves (11) spaced at a preset distance. Each of the vertical guide grooves (11) is provided with a jack (2) that is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bracket (1); A crossbeam (3) is erected between every two oppositely arranged vertical guide grooves (11), and the two ends of the crossbeam (3) are fixedly connected to the lifting ends of the jacks (2) in the two oppositely arranged vertical guide grooves (11); A cover plate (4) is provided between two adjacent crossbeams (3). A cover plate support shaft (41) with a cross-section of three-quarters circle is provided on both sides of the cover plate (4). Each side of the cover plate (4) is connected to the end face of the crossbeam (3) through the cover plate support shaft (41). A rubber sheet (5) is laid on top of the cover plate (4).

2. The surface curvature deformation simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support (1) includes: Bottom beam (12) and top beam (13) disposed opposite to the bottom beam (12); The bottom beam (12) and the top beam (13) are fixedly connected at both ends by the first side column (14) and the second side column (15), respectively. Multiple central columns (16) are arranged between the bottom beam (12) and the top beam (13). Each central column (16) is spaced apart by the width of a vertical guide groove (11), so that a vertical guide groove (11) is formed between two adjacent central columns (16). Each jack (2) is arranged in a vertical guide groove (11) and is fixedly connected to the bottom beam (12).

3. The surface curvature deformation simulation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both sides of the first side column (14) and both sides of the second side column (15) are provided with a first leg (17) and a second leg (18), and the first leg (17) and the second leg (18) are fixedly connected to the bottom beam (12) and the top beam (13).

4. The surface curvature deformation simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The oil supply assembly that connects all jacks (2); The lifting height control component (7) is installed on the top surface of the crossbeam (3) above each jack (2), and the lifting height control component (7) is electrically connected to the oil supply component; In use, the lifting height control component (7) is used to pre-set the preset lifting height of each jack (2), and the oil supply component controls all jacks (2) to lift simultaneously. When the jacks (2) are lifted to their respective preset lifting heights, the lifting height control component (7) corresponding to each jack (2) sends a feedback signal to the oil supply component, and the oil supply component controls the current jack (2) to stop lifting according to the feedback signal.

5. The surface curvature deformation simulation test device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oil supply assembly includes: Oil supply pump (6); The main oil circuit (61) is connected to the oil supply pump (6) via the main oil circuit solenoid valve (62). Each of the jacks (2) is connected to the main oil circuit (61) through a branch oil circuit (63); Each of the oil distribution channels (63) is provided with an oil distribution channel solenoid valve (64), and each oil distribution channel solenoid valve (64) is electrically connected to the lifting height control component (7) above the current jack (2) through a solenoid valve control circuit.

6. The surface curvature deformation simulation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting height control component (7) includes: A top rod (71) is provided on the top surface of the crossbeam (3) above each jack (2). One end of each top rod (71) extends vertically upward from the top surface of each crossbeam (3), and the other end of each top rod (71) is fixedly connected to the top surface of each crossbeam (3). A jack stroke adjustment rod (72) is set on the bracket (1) and located directly above each jack rod (71). The jack stroke adjustment rod (72) is fixed on the bracket (1) by a jack stroke adjustment rod support (73). The ends of the push rod (71) and the jack stroke adjustment rod (72) are electrically connected to the oil circuit solenoid valve (64) of the jack (2) below the current push rod (71) through the solenoid valve control circuit.

7. The surface curvature deformation simulation test device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The solenoid valve control circuit includes: Lower contact (81), upper contact (82), first wire (83) and second wire (84); The lower contact (81) is located at one end of the top rod (71); The upper contact (82) is located at one end of the jack stroke adjusting rod (72); The first wire (83) and the second wire (84) respectively connect the lower contact (81) and the upper contact (82) to the switch of the oil distribution solenoid valve (64).

8. The surface curvature deformation simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the beams (3) is provided with a beam stiffener plate (31); the cover plate (4) is provided between two adjacent beam stiffener plates (31), and each end of the cover plate (4) is connected to the end face of the beam (3) through a cover plate support shaft (41); the cross section of the beam stiffener plate (31) is rectangular, and the height of the beam stiffener plate (31) is the same as the diameter of the cover plate support shaft (41).

9. The surface curvature deformation simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of the cover plate support shaft (41) is the same as the thickness of the cover plate (4).

10. A test method based on a surface curvature deformation simulation test device, characterized in that, The surface curvature deformation simulation test device is the surface curvature deformation simulation test device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method includes: Obtain the test specimens and counterweights corresponding to the experimental research objects; Adjust all the jacks of the surface curvature deformation simulation test device to the lowest position, and adjust the jacks to keep the top surface of each crossbeam at the same horizontal height; The test specimen is mounted on a rubber plate, and a counterweight is installed on the test specimen; The vertical lifting amount of each jack is calculated based on the preset curvature deformation surface; Based on the vertical lifting amount of each jack, control each jack to lift until each crossbeam reaches the preset position.

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