A device for evaluating thermal radiation regulation efficiency of light and heat functional coating for cold region engineering

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of performance testing equipment technology, specifically a device for evaluating the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of photothermal functional coatings used in cold-region engineering. The device includes an environmental simulation chamber and a test chamber. The test chamber is installed inside the environmental model chamber, which allows for simultaneous control of temperature, humidity, and radiation. The test chamber is filled with a frozen soil foundation, on top of which is an engineering surface layer coated with a photothermal functional coating. Several temperature sensors are embedded within the frozen soil foundation to test the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of the photothermal functional coating. A coating material wear resistance testing mechanism is installed on the top of the test chamber. Multiple friction wheels are driven to reciprocate via a drive assembly, and these reciprocating friction wheels are used to perform friction tests on the photothermal functional coating. The friction wheels include both rotating and fixed connections, facilitating simultaneous testing of performance under both rolling and sliding friction conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of performance testing equipment, specifically relating to an evaluation device for the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of photothermal functional coatings for cold-region engineering. Background Technology

[0002] my country is the world's third largest country in terms of permafrost, with permafrost covering approximately 75% of its land area. With socio-economic development, permafrost has become a subject of human development and utilization. Projects such as the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, Heilongjiang-Dalian Highway, Qinghai-Kangding Highway, Gongyu Expressway, Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-Speed ​​Railway, Harbin-Dalian High-Speed ​​Railway, and the Yintao Water Diversion Project have been undertaken in these regions. The construction of these projects has played a crucial role in the economic development of cold-region areas and is of great significance for consolidating border areas, strengthening national unity, and promoting international cooperation.

[0003] Engineering practice shows that the energy balance process of cold-region engineering is crucial to its thermal stability. The absorption of solar radiation energy on the engineering surface plays an important role in the energy balance of cold-region engineering. In particular, for high-grade highways in permafrost areas with the significant characteristics of "wide, thick, and black" such as wide roadbed with high heat accumulation, thick pavement structure with strong heat storage, and black asphalt pavement with strong radiation absorption, the strong absorption of pavement radiation energy has become the main way for heat to enter the roadbed.

[0004] Applying photothermal functional coatings to engineering surfaces to regulate heat radiation absorption is an effective way to address the heat accumulation effect on surfaces in cold regions and thus maintain the stability of the underlying permafrost. The heat radiation regulation performance and wear resistance of photothermal functional coating materials are of great significance for ensuring the long-term safety and stability of cold region engineering projects. However, the wear resistance and heat radiation regulation performance of photothermal functional coating materials usually need to be tested before use. The test typically uses a friction wheel to rub the material, and the wear resistance is evaluated based on the surface condition after friction. However, existing testing equipment tests the performance under a single rolling friction condition, resulting in limited and inaccurate test results. Furthermore, there is a lack of testing methods and equipment for heat radiation performance, making it difficult to meet actual testing needs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simple and rationally designed device for evaluating the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of photothermal functional coatings for cold-region engineering in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A device for evaluating the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of a photothermal functional coating for cold-region engineering includes an environmental simulation chamber and a test chamber. The environmental simulation chamber comprises a temperature and humidity control system and a xenon lamp working together to achieve synchronous control of temperature, humidity, and radiation. A door is hinged to the front of the environmental simulation chamber. The test chamber is filled with a frozen soil foundation. An engineering surface layer is placed on top of the frozen soil foundation, and a photothermal functional coating is applied to the top of the engineering surface layer. Several temperature sensors are embedded inside the frozen soil foundation. Two side plates are located on the top left side of the test chamber, with a position adjustment mechanism shared between the two side plates. A friction testing mechanism for testing the wear resistance of the photothermal functional coating is located on the top right side of the test chamber.

[0007] Preferably, a limiting groove is formed between the two side plates, and the position adjustment mechanism includes two mounting blocks that are symmetrically fixed between the two side plates. A lead screw is rotatably connected between the two mounting blocks. A handwheel is fixedly installed after the top of the lead screw rotates through the top of the mounting block located at the top. A movable block is threadedly connected to the lead screw through a ball nut. The movable block is slidably connected inside the limiting groove, and a mounting plate is fixedly installed on the movable block.

[0008] Preferably, two fixed plates are symmetrically fixedly installed on the rear side of the mounting plate. A second lead screw passes through the two fixed plates and rotates together. A second movable block is threadedly connected to the second lead screw via a ball nut. A four-component radiation meter is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second movable block. A guide rod slides through the front side of the second movable block and is fixedly installed on the mounting plate. A gear is fixedly installed on the left side of the second lead screw, and a rack that meshes with the gear is fixedly installed on the rear side plate.

[0009] Preferably, the friction testing mechanism includes a driving component and a lifting component, with the lifting component being provided between the driving component and the test chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the drive assembly includes two second support plates symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the test chamber. Each of the two second support plates has a slide rail fixedly installed on its top, and a slider is slidably connected to the slide rail. A gantry frame is fixedly installed between the two sliders. A first fixed frame is fixedly installed on the right side of the gantry frame. A connecting rod is hinged to the top of the first fixed frame. A rotating disk is hinged to the end of the connecting rod away from the first fixed frame. The bottom center of the rotating disk is fixedly connected to the output end of a servo motor. A first support plate is installed at the bottom of the servo motor. The first support plate is fixedly installed on the top right side of the test chamber. A reinforcing rib is fixedly installed between the test chamber and the first support plate.

[0011] Preferably, a first fixed rod and a second fixed rod are fixedly installed at the bottom of the gantry frame, a movable rod slides through the rear side of the gantry frame, a second fixed frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first fixed rod, the second fixed rod, and the movable rod, friction wheels are rotatably installed at the bottom of the second fixed frame located on the first fixed rod and the movable rod, friction wheels are fixedly installed at the bottom of the second fixed frame located on the second fixed rod, a connecting plate is fixedly installed at the top center of the gantry frame, a sleeve rod is fixedly installed at the top center of the connecting plate, and a weight is movably sleeved on the sleeve rod.

[0012] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a mounting frame fixedly installed on the rear side of the test chamber, a cam plate fixedly installed on the top of the mounting frame, a fixed ring fixedly installed on the top of the movable rod, a spring sleeved on the upper periphery of the movable rod, the spring being disposed between the fixed ring and the gantry frame, a fixed seat fixedly installed on the top of the fixed ring, and a compression roller cooperating with the cam plate being rotatably connected to the top of the fixed seat.

[0013] Preferably, a base plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the test chamber, and self-locking casters are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom of the base plate. An observation window and a handle are provided on the environmental simulation chamber.

[0014] Preferably, a temperature and humidity control system is provided on the rear side of the environmental simulation box. An air outlet is provided on the top of the temperature and humidity control system, and an air inlet is provided on the bottom of the temperature and humidity control system. Both the air inlet and the air outlet are connected to the interior of the environmental simulation box. Several fans are provided on the rear side of the interior of the environmental simulation box, and a temperature and humidity sensor is fixedly installed on one corner of the top rear side of the interior of the environmental simulation box.

[0015] Preferably, a drive motor is fixedly installed on the top left side of the environmental simulation box, and a rotating shaft is fixedly installed after the output end of the drive motor rotates through the top left side of the environmental simulation box. Several xenon lamps are evenly fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft.

[0016] 3. Beneficial effects 1. Unlike existing technologies, this invention drives multiple friction wheels to reciprocate through a drive assembly. The reciprocating friction wheels are used to perform friction tests on the photothermal functional coating. The friction wheels include both rotating and fixed connections, which facilitates simultaneous testing of performance under rolling friction and sliding friction. By using the drive assembly and lifting assembly in conjunction, intermittent impact collisions are achieved between the friction wheels and the photothermal functional coating, simulating the damage caused by impact and friction on the engineering surface. This allows for simultaneous testing of damage to the photothermal functional coating under different working conditions, and facilitates accurate determination of the wear resistance of the photothermal functional coating.

[0017] 2. Unlike existing technologies, by rotating the handwheel in the position adjustment mechanism, the four-component radiometer can be adjusted up and down while simultaneously moving laterally. This facilitates the detection of the thermal radiation of the photothermal functional coating at different positions and heights, thus improving the accuracy of the detection.

[0018] 3. Unlike existing technologies, this method utilizes temperature and humidity sensors to detect the temperature and humidity inside the environmental simulation chamber. The environmental simulation chamber, temperature and humidity control system, and xenon lamp work together to simulate the changes in temperature, humidity, and radiation in actual engineering environments over time, thus achieving environmental simulation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the test chamber, position adjustment mechanism, and friction testing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the test chamber, position adjustment mechanism, and friction testing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the friction testing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the position adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Explanation of the numbers in the diagram: 1. Environmental simulation chamber; 2. Chamber door; 3. Test chamber; 4. Position adjustment mechanism; 41. Handwheel; 42. Mounting block; 43. Movable block No. 1; 44. Lead screw No. 1; 45. Rack; 46. Fixed plate; 47. Movable block No. 2; 48. Mounting plate; 49. Gear; 5. Photothermal functional coating; 6. Friction testing mechanism; 61. Drive assembly; 611. Servo motor; 612. Rotary disk; 613. Connecting rod; 614. Support plate No. 1; 615. Fixed frame No. 1; 616. Gantry frame; 617. Slider; 618. Support plate No. 2; 619. Slide rail; 62. Fixed... 63. Fixed rod; 64. Movable rod; 65. Lifting assembly; 651. Mounting bracket; 652. Spring; 653. Fixing ring; 654. Extrusion roller; 655. Cam plate; 656. Fixed seat; 66. Fixed bracket; 67. Friction wheel; 68. Connecting plate; 69. Sleeve rod; 7. Drive motor; 8. Air outlet; 9. Temperature and humidity sensor; 10. Fan; 11. Rotating shaft; 12. Xenon lamp; 13. Air inlet; 14. Temperature and humidity control system; 15. Base plate; 16. Side plate; 17. Four-component radiometer; 18. Frozen soil foundation; 19. Engineering surface layer; 20. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4A device for evaluating the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of a photothermal functional coating for cold-region engineering includes an environmental simulation chamber 1, a door 2, and a test chamber 3. The door 2 is hinged to the front of the environmental simulation chamber 1. The test chamber 3 is set inside the environmental simulation chamber 1. The test chamber 3 is filled with a frozen soil foundation 18. An engineering surface layer 19 is set on the top of the frozen soil foundation 18. A photothermal functional coating 5 is coated on the top of the engineering surface layer 19. Several temperature sensors 20 are embedded inside the frozen soil foundation 18. Two side plates 16 are set on the top left side of the test chamber 3. A position adjustment mechanism 4 is set between the two side plates 16. A friction testing mechanism 6 for testing the wear resistance of the photothermal functional coating 5 is set on the top right side of the test chamber 3.

[0021] In use, test chamber 3 is used to support the frozen soil foundation 18, which simulates frozen soil conditions. Temperature sensor 20 is used to measure the temperature change of the frozen soil foundation 18 inside test chamber 3 under different radiation intensities and temperature and humidity conditions. Friction testing mechanism 6 is used to test the wear resistance of photothermal functional coating 5. Position adjustment mechanism 4 is used to adjust the position and height between the detection head and photothermal functional coating 5. Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The bottom of the test chamber 3 is fixedly installed with a base plate 15. The four corners of the bottom of the base plate 15 are fixedly installed with self-locking casters to facilitate pulling the test chamber 3 out of the environmental simulation chamber 1. The environmental simulation chamber 1 is equipped with an observation window and a handle. The rear side of the environmental simulation chamber 1 is equipped with a temperature and humidity control system 14. The top of the temperature and humidity control system 14 is equipped with an air outlet 8. The bottom of the temperature and humidity control system 14 is equipped with an air inlet 13. Both the air inlet 13 and the air outlet 8 are connected to the interior of the environmental simulation chamber 1. Several fans 10 are installed on the rear side of the interior of the environmental simulation chamber 1. A temperature and humidity sensor 19 is fixedly installed on one corner of the top rear side of the interior of the environmental simulation chamber 1. A drive motor 7 is fixedly installed on the top left side of the environmental simulation chamber 1. The output end of the drive motor 7 rotates through the top left side of the environmental simulation chamber 1 and is fixedly installed with a rotating shaft 11. Several xenon lamps 12 are evenly fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 11.

[0022] In use, the environmental simulation chamber 1, the temperature and humidity control system 14, and the xenon lamp 12 together form an environmental simulation system. The environment is simulated by adjusting the external processor. The environmental simulation chamber 1 can provide a real engineering environment for studying the photothermal performance of cold-region engineering materials. The temperature and humidity sensor 19 is used to monitor the temperature and humidity inside the environmental simulation chamber 1. The temperature and humidity control system 14 is used to adjust the temperature and humidity of the environmental simulation chamber 1. Its control modes include sine function control, cosine function control, and step function control, etc., to simulate the temperature and humidity changes of the actual engineering environment over time. The xenon lamp 12 can control the radiation intensity of the light source and can simulate the evolution of solar radiation over time in actual engineering.

[0023] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 4 The two side plates 16 are connected by a limiting groove. The position adjustment mechanism 4 includes two mounting blocks 42 that are symmetrically fixed between the two side plates 16. The two mounting blocks 42 are rotatably connected to a lead screw 44. The top of the lead screw 44 rotates through the top of the mounting block 42 and is fixedly mounted with a handwheel 41. A movable block 43 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 44 through a ball nut. The movable block 43 is slidably connected inside the limiting groove. A mounting plate 48 is fixedly mounted on the movable block 43.

[0024] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 4 Two fixed plates 46 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the rear side of the mounting plate 48. A second lead screw passes through the two fixed plates 46 and rotates together. A second movable block 47 is threadedly connected to the second lead screw through a ball nut. A four-component radiation meter 17 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second movable block 47. A guide rod slides through the front side of the second movable block 47 and is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 48. A gear 49 is fixedly installed on the left side of the second lead screw. A rack 45 that meshes with the gear 49 is fixedly installed on the rear side plate 16.

[0025] In use, turning handwheel 41 synchronously drives lead screw 44 to rotate, which in turn drives movable block 43 and its mounting plate 48 to move downwards, synchronously driving fixed plate 46 and its lead screw 2 to move downwards, and simultaneously driving movable block 47 and its four-component radiometer 17 to move downwards. While the lead screw 2 moves downwards, due to the meshing of gear 49 and rack 45, the downward movement drives gear 49 and its lead screw 2 to rotate, which in turn drives movable block 47 and its four-component radiometer 17 to move to the left. Reversing handwheel 41 enables the four-component radiometer 17 to move upwards and to the right, and simultaneously enables the adjustment of the height and detection position of the four-component radiometer 17. This allows for easy adjustment of the position of the four-component radiometer 17 according to requirements, and testing of short-wave radiation at different heights and positions, short-wave reflection from engineering surface layer 9, long-wave radiation from engineering surface layer 9, and long-wave radiation in the environment.

[0026] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3The friction testing mechanism 6 includes a drive assembly 61 and a lifting assembly 65. The lifting assembly 65 is shared between the drive assembly 61 and the test chamber 3. The drive assembly 61 includes two secondary support plates 618 symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the test chamber 3. Each of the two secondary support plates 618 has a slide rail 619 fixedly installed on its top. A slider 617 is slidably connected to the slide rail 619. A gantry frame 616 is fixedly installed between the two sliders 617. A primary fixing frame 615 is fixedly installed on the right side of the gantry frame 616. A connecting rod 613 is hinged to the top of the primary fixing frame 615. A rotating disk 612 is hinged to the end of the connecting rod 613 away from the primary fixing frame 615. The bottom center of the rotating disk 612 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 611. A primary support plate 614 is installed at the bottom of the servo motor 611. The primary support plate 614 is fixedly installed on the top right side of the test chamber 3. A reinforcing rib is fixedly installed between the test chamber 3 and the primary support plate 614.

[0027] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 A first fixed rod 62 and a second fixed rod 63 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the gantry frame 616. A movable rod 64 slides through the rear side of the gantry frame 616. A second fixed bracket 66 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first fixed rod 62, the second fixed rod 63, and the movable rod 64. Friction wheels 67 are rotatably installed at the bottom of the second fixed bracket 66 located on the first fixed rod 62 and the movable rod 64. A friction wheel 67 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second fixed bracket 66 located on the second fixed rod 63. A connecting plate 68 is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the gantry frame 616. A sleeve rod 69 is fixedly installed in the center, and a weight is movably sleeved on the sleeve rod 69. The lifting assembly 65 includes a mounting bracket 651 fixedly installed on the rear side of the test chamber 3. A cam plate 655 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting bracket 651. A fixing ring 653 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable rod 64. A spring 652 is sleeved on the upper periphery of the movable rod 64. The spring 652 is located between the fixing ring 653 and the gantry frame 616. A fixing seat 656 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing ring 653. A compression roller 654 that cooperates with the cam plate 655 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixing seat 656.

[0028] In use, the servo motor 611 is started, and the output of the servo motor 611 drives the rotating disk 612 and the connecting rod 613 on it to rotate. Due to the limiting sliding of the slider 617 and the slide rail 619, the first fixed frame 615 and the gantry frame 616 on it are driven to reciprocate. At the same time, the first fixed rod 62, the second fixed rod 63 and the movable rod 64 are driven to reciprocate. Simultaneously, the second fixed frame 66 and the friction wheel 67 are driven to reciprocate. The friction wheel 67 includes two types: one is rotatably mounted on the second fixed frame 66 and the other is fixedly mounted on the second fixed frame 66. This realizes the rolling friction test and sliding friction test of the photothermal functional coating 5. At the same time as the movable rod 64 reciprocates, the fixed ring 653 and the fixed seat 656 on it reciprocate. Simultaneously, the extrusion roller 654 reciprocates. At the same time as the extrusion roller 654 reciprocates, it cooperates with the cam plate 655 to extrude. When the extrusion roller 654 moves to the point of contact with the cam plate 655, the extrusion roller 654 is extruded. When the protruding position of the wheel plate 655 contacts, it drives the pressing roller 654 and its fixed ring 653 to move downward, compressing the spring 652. Simultaneously, it drives the movable rod 64 and its second fixed frame 66 to move downward, and simultaneously drives the corresponding friction wheel 67 to move downward. When the pressing roller 654 moves away from the protruding position of the cam plate 655, under the restoring force of the spring 652, the corresponding friction wheel 67 moves upward. Thus, while reciprocating, the corresponding friction wheel 67 moves up and down. The up and down movement of the friction wheel 67 is used to impact the photothermal functional coating 5, simulating the performance of the photothermal functional coating 5 under bumpy and friction conditions. This allows for simultaneous testing of the performance of the photothermal functional coating 5 under rolling friction conditions, sliding friction conditions, and impact collision conditions, improving the accuracy of the test. Different weights can be attached to the sleeve rod 69 to facilitate testing the friction performance under different weight loads.

[0029] It should be noted that, firstly, the frozen soil foundation 18 is laid inside the test chamber 3. After each layer of frozen soil foundation 18 is laid, several temperature sensors 20 are placed, allowing for the placement of temperature sensors 20 at different depths within the frozen soil foundation 18, facilitating temperature monitoring at different depths. Next, an engineering surface layer 19 is laid on the frozen soil foundation 18, followed by a photothermal functional coating 5. This coating enhances the wear resistance and reflective radiation properties of the engineering surface layer 19, reducing the impact of sunlight on the frozen soil foundation 18. Finally, the test chamber 3 is moved as a whole into the environmental simulation chamber 1 using self-locking casters. The simulation chamber 1, temperature and humidity control system 14, and xenon lamp 12 together constitute an environmental simulation system. Under the regulation of an external processor, the system simulates the environment. The environmental simulation chamber 1 provides a realistic engineering environment for studying the photothermal properties of cold-region engineering materials. The temperature and humidity sensor 9 monitors the temperature and humidity inside the environmental simulation chamber 1. The temperature and humidity control system 14 regulates the temperature and humidity of the environmental simulation chamber 1. Its control modes include sine function control, cosine function control, and step function control, used to simulate the changes in temperature and humidity over time in actual engineering environments. The xenon lamp 12 controls the radiation intensity of the light source, simulating the constant changes in solar radiation in actual engineering environments. During the evolution process, when it is necessary to test the wear resistance of the photothermal functional coating 5, the friction testing mechanism 6 is activated. The drive component 61 drives multiple friction wheels 67 to reciprocate, simultaneously testing the wear resistance of the photothermal functional coating 5 under rolling friction and sliding friction. With the cooperation of the drive component 61 and the lifting component 65, the performance of the photothermal functional coating 5 under impact conditions is tested, which is beneficial for simultaneously testing the wear resistance of the photothermal functional coating 5 under different conditions. After the friction wheels 67 move continuously for a specified time, it is observed whether scratches and damage appear on the surface of the photothermal functional coating 5, and the wear resistance is judged to meet the standard. At the same time, the temperature sensor 20 is used to detect the frozen soil foundation. The position adjustment mechanism 4 simultaneously adjusts the height and position of the four-component radiometer 17 at different depths to detect short-wave radiation, short-wave reflection of the engineering surface layer 19, long-wave radiation of the engineering surface layer 19, and long-wave radiation in the environment at different heights and positions. Combined with the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 20, the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of the photothermal functional coating 5 is evaluated to determine whether it meets the standard. The greater the upward radiation intensity detected by the four-component radiometer 17, the better the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of the photothermal functional coating, which is beneficial to reducing the internal temperature of the frozen soil foundation 18. The smaller the temperature rise of the temperature sensor 20, the better the evaluated thermal radiation regulation efficiency.

[0030] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for evaluating the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of an engineering light-thermal functional coating in cold regions, comprising an environment simulation box (1) and a test cavity (3), characterized in that: The environmental simulation chamber (1) includes a temperature and humidity control system and a xenon lamp working together to achieve synchronous control of temperature, humidity and radiation. The environmental simulation chamber (1) has a door (2) hinged to the front side. The environmental simulation chamber (1) has a test chamber (3) inside. The test chamber (3) is filled with a frozen soil foundation (18). The top of the frozen soil foundation (18) is provided with an engineering surface layer (19). The top of the engineering surface layer (19) is coated with a photothermal functional coating (5). Several temperature sensors (20) are embedded inside the frozen soil foundation (18). Two side plates (16) are provided on the top left side of the test chamber (3). A position adjustment mechanism (4) is provided between the two side plates (16). A friction testing mechanism (6) for testing the wear resistance of the photothermal functional coating (5) is provided on the top right side of the test chamber (3).

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: The two side plates (16) are connected by a limiting groove. The position adjustment mechanism (4) includes two mounting blocks (42) that are symmetrically fixed between the two side plates (16). The two mounting blocks (42) are rotatably connected to a lead screw (44). The top of the lead screw (44) rotates through the top of the mounting block (42) and is fixedly mounted with a handwheel (41). A movable block (43) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (44) through a ball nut. The movable block (43) is slidably connected inside the limiting groove. A mounting plate (48) is fixedly mounted on the movable block (43).

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the device is characterized by: Two fixed plates (46) are symmetrically fixedly installed on the rear side of the mounting plate (48). A second lead screw passes through the two fixed plates (46) and rotates together. A second movable block (47) is threadedly connected to the second lead screw through a ball nut. A four-component radiometer (17) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second movable block (47). The four-component radiometer (17) is located above the test chamber (3) and is used to test radiation and surface reflection of the coating. A guide rod slides through the front side of the second movable block (47). The guide rod is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (48). A gear (49) is fixedly installed on the left side of the second lead screw. A rack (45) that meshes with the gear (49) is fixedly installed on the side plate (16) on the rear side.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized by: The friction testing mechanism (6) includes a drive assembly (61) and a lifting assembly (65), with the lifting assembly (65) being provided between the drive assembly (61) and the test chamber (3).

5. The device for evaluating the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of the light-thermal functional coating for cold region engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive assembly (61) includes two second support plates (618) symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the test chamber (3). Each of the two second support plates (618) has a slide rail (619) fixedly installed on its top. A slider (617) is slidably connected on the slide rail (619). A gantry frame (616) is fixedly installed between the two sliders (617). A first fixed frame (615) is fixedly installed on the right side of the gantry frame (616). A connecting rod (613) is hinged to the top of the first fixed frame (615). A rotating disk (612) is hinged to the end of the connecting rod (613) away from the first fixed frame (615). The bottom center of the rotating disk (612) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (611). A first support plate (614) is installed at the bottom of the servo motor (611). The first support plate (614) is fixedly installed on the top right side of the test chamber (3). A reinforcing rib is fixedly installed between the test chamber (3) and the first support plate (614).

6. The device for evaluating the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of photothermal functional coatings for cold-region engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the gantry frame (616) is fixedly installed with a first fixed rod (62) and a second fixed rod (63). A movable rod (64) slides through the rear side of the gantry frame (616). The bottom of the first fixed rod (62), the second fixed rod (63) and the movable rod (64) are all fixedly installed with a second fixed frame (66). The bottom of the second fixed frame (66) located on the first fixed rod (62) and the movable rod (64) is rotatably installed with a friction wheel (67). The bottom of the second fixed frame (66) located on the second fixed rod (63) is fixedly installed with a friction wheel (67). A connecting plate (68) is fixedly installed at the top center of the gantry frame (616). A sleeve rod (69) is fixedly installed at the top center of the connecting plate (68). A weight is movably sleeved on the sleeve rod (69).

7. The device for evaluating the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of photothermal functional coatings for cold-region engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (65) includes a mounting bracket (651) fixedly installed on the rear side of the test chamber (3). A cam plate (655) is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting bracket (651). A fixing ring (653) is fixedly installed on the top of the movable rod (64). A spring (652) is sleeved on the upper periphery of the movable rod (64). The spring (652) is located between the fixing ring (653) and the gantry (616). A fixing seat (656) is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing ring (653). A pressing roller (654) that cooperates with the cam plate (655) is rotatably connected to the top of the fixing seat (656).

8. The device for evaluating the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of photothermal functional coatings for cold-region engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the test chamber (3) is fixedly installed with a base plate (15), and the four corners of the bottom of the base plate (15) are fixedly installed with self-locking casters. The environmental simulation box (1) is equipped with an observation window and a handle.

9. The device for evaluating the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of photothermal functional coatings for cold-region engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental simulation box (1) is equipped with a temperature and humidity control system (14) at the rear. The temperature and humidity control system (14) is equipped with an air outlet (8) at the top and an air inlet (13) at the bottom. Both the air inlet (13) and the air outlet (8) are connected to the interior of the environmental simulation box (1). Several fans (10) are installed at the rear of the interior of the environmental simulation box (1). A temperature and humidity sensor (9) is fixedly installed at one corner of the top rear of the interior of the environmental simulation box (1).

10. The device for evaluating the thermal radiation regulation efficiency of photothermal functional coatings for cold-region engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drive motor (7) is fixedly installed on the top left side of the environmental simulation box (1). After the output end of the drive motor (7) rotates through the top left side of the environmental simulation box (1), a rotating shaft (11) is fixedly installed. Several xenon lamps (12) are evenly fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft (11).

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