A multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor

Abstract

A multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor includes: a housing with a storage space inside, the storage space having a first opening and a second opening on the housing; a cover detachably connected to the housing via a connecting component; a signal transmission component disposed on the second cover at the second opening; and a detection component disposed on the first cover at the first opening and electrically connected to the signal transmission component via a control component in the storage space. The detection component includes at least one or more detectors and a light source, the detectors being able to detect water parameters with the assistance of the light source. The first cover has several channels, with the light source and detectors correspondingly disposed in each channel. This application, through a quickly detachable connecting component, multi-stage pressure self-reinforcing sealing, and segmented optical channels, provides the sensor with advantages such as convenient maintenance and deep-sea reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine sensors, specifically a multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor. Background Technology

[0002] Marine biochemical optical sensors are important tools for achieving high spatiotemporal resolution observation of the marine environment. They are widely used in primary productivity assessment, carbon cycle research, red tide and algal bloom early warning, dynamic monitoring of dissolved organic matter, analysis of suspended particulate matter transport processes, and rapid identification and tracking of marine pollution incidents (such as oil spills). As marine observation evolves from single-element to multi-parameter collaborative monitoring, higher requirements are placed on sensors in terms of integration, configurability, long-term stability, and field maintainability.

[0003] Current mainstream marine optical sensors mostly employ fixed parameter designs in their functional configurations, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the interdisciplinary observation needs of fields such as ecology, biogeochemistry, and particle optics. Although some sensor systems integrating multiple optical channels have emerged in recent years, their parameter combinations are often fixed at the factory, preventing users from flexibly adjusting detection channels or replacing detection modules according to actual mission requirements. This "hard-configuration" structure severely limits the sensor's adaptability to different sea areas, seasons, and observation targets, and also increases the cost of repeated equipment investment and maintenance.

[0004] At the level of optical detection principles, existing sensors often suffer from signal cross-interference, decreased sensitivity, or insufficient detection limits when dealing with complex marine media (such as high-turbidity water, areas rich in colored dissolved organic matter, and mixed algal communities) due to the single design of excitation and emission spectral channels. For example, traditional chlorophyll fluorescence channels are insufficient to effectively distinguish changes in algal community structure, while single-wavelength backscattering measurements cannot decouple particulate matter size and refractive index information. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop high-performance optical sensing technologies with multi-wavelength excitation, multi-channel synchronous reception, and freely configurable parameter combinations.

[0005] In terms of structural design, existing marine sensors generally adopt threaded connections or integrated welded enclosures. Threaded connections are prone to seizing or sealing failure in the long-term corrosive environment of seawater, making disassembly and assembly difficult; integrated enclosures are completely non-removable, and once the internal circuitry or optical components malfunction or require calibration, the entire sensor becomes unusable. Especially in applications requiring regular maintenance and parameter adjustments, such as moored observation, buoy deployment, or ROV operations, the lack of a quick, reliable, and reusable connection structure has become a key technical bottleneck restricting the field maintainability of sensors.

[0006] Furthermore, the high-pressure environment of the deep sea places extreme demands on the pressure-resistant sealing of sensors, the long-term anti-fouling of optical windows, and stable operation with low power consumption. Most existing sensors are prone to optical window deformation under high pressure, leading to optical path misalignment, or failure due to water leakage caused by fatigue of the sealing structure, making it difficult to truly meet the engineering reliability requirements of long-term unattended continuous observation.

[0007] In summary, existing marine biochemical optical sensors still have significant shortcomings in terms of multi-parameter configurability, flexibility and anti-interference capabilities of optical detection channels, detachable and sealed housing and cover structures, and long-term stability in the deep sea. Therefore, it is essential to develop a new multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor that enables multi-parameter detection and facilitates disassembly and maintenance through a multi-channel configurable detection component and a non-destructive disassembly and assembly connection component, thereby solving the technical defects and unmet technical requirements of existing technologies.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor, comprising:

[0010] The housing has a storage space inside, and the storage space has a first opening at the lower end of the housing and a second opening at the upper end of the housing.

[0011] The cover, which is detachably connected to the housing via a connecting assembly, includes a first cover and a second cover, capable of covering and sealing the first opening and the second opening to close the storage space;

[0012] A signal transmission component is disposed on a second cover at the second opening;

[0013] A detection component is disposed on a first cover at a first opening, and the detection component is electrically connected to a signal transmission component through a control component disposed in a storage space.

[0014] The detection component includes at least one or more light sources and detectors. The detectors, with the assistance of the light sources, can detect parameters of the water body. The parameters of the water body are common parameters in the prior art, including but not limited to chlorophyll, fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM / CDOM), crude oil hydrocarbon fluorescence, aromatic hydrocarbon fluorescence, backscattering, and turbidity information in the water body.

[0015] The cover at the first opening is provided with several channels, and the light source and detector are respectively arranged in each channel;

[0016] In this application, each detector corresponds to a light source, and the light source and detector are located in different channels.

[0017] Preferably, the detection component further includes one or more light sources, and when multiple light sources are provided, each light source emits a different wavelength;

[0018] The application scenarios of this application include: monitoring changes in seawater eutrophication and primary productivity; spatiotemporal variation and source analysis of the optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM); monitoring of algal pigments and community dynamics; early identification, development tracking, and ecological effect assessment of harmful algal blooms; monitoring of suspended particulate matter concentration and scattering characteristics; interpretation of particulate matter transport, water color remote sensing inversion, and underwater light field attenuation changes; rapid screening, identification, and process tracking of oil spills and pollution incidents, providing on-site observation data for early warning and emergency response; and multi-platform integration: suitable for long-term continuous observation on platforms such as profiles, moorings, buoys / submarine buoys, and ROVs / AUVs.

[0019] Preferably, the connection component includes:

[0020] The first mounting groove is formed on the side wall of the cover and is an annular groove.

[0021] The second mounting groove is correspondingly opened on the inner side wall of the cover and can communicate with the first mounting groove during installation.

[0022] The first connecting hole is formed on the side wall of the cover and communicates with the first mounting groove. The central axis of the first connecting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the first mounting groove.

[0023] The second connecting hole is formed on the side wall of the housing and communicates with the second mounting groove. The central axis of the second connecting hole extends in the same direction as the central axis of the first connecting hole, and the second connecting hole can communicate with the first mounting groove.

[0024] The first connector can be simultaneously disposed in the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove, and its sidewall can simultaneously abut tightly against the inner wall of the first mounting groove and the inner wall of the second mounting groove. One end of the first connector can pass through the second connecting hole and enter the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove from one side of the first connecting hole, and extend out from the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove on the other side of the first connecting hole, and converge with the other end at the first connecting hole.

[0025] The second connector has one end that can pass through the second connection hole into the first connection hole, press both ends of the first connector into the first connection hole, and detachably connect them to the first connection hole. The other end can abut against the outer wall of the housing or be installed in the second connection hole.

[0026] In the aforementioned detachable connection between the second connector and the first connecting hole, if the first connecting hole is a through hole, a seal is required between the two. In this application, the first connecting hole is typically not a through hole.

[0027] Preferably, the channel includes an installation area channel and a detection area channel. One end of the detection area channel is connected to the storage space, and the other end is connected to the installation area channel. The other end of the installation area channel has an opening formed on the outer end face of the first cover body, which is connected to the external space of the shell.

[0028] The detection component also includes a lens and a filter. The lens is disposed in the mounting area channel and is sealed to the mounting area channel, and can cover the opening formed on the outer end face of the mounting area channel on the cover body.

[0029] The detector, light source, and filter are all disposed in the detection area channel. The ends of the detector and light source that are away from the lens can extend into the detection area channel and be electrically connected to the control component. The filter is located between the detector and the lens, and also between the light source and the lens.

[0030] Preferably, the storage space includes a connection area and a storage area, the portion of the housing located in the connection area is connected to the cover, and the storage area is used to store control components;

[0031] The inner diameter of the housing located in the connection area is larger than the inner diameter of the housing located in the installation area, and the connection area and the storage area are connected by a first abutment part;

[0032] The end of the cover that is away from the water can abut against the first abutment.

[0033] Preferably, the connecting area is divided into a sealing area and a joining area, the joining area and the storage area are located on both sides of the sealing area, the inner diameter of the housing in the joining area, the sealing area and the storage area increases sequentially, the joining area and the sealing area are connected by a third abutting part, and the sealing area and the storage area are connected by a first abutting member.

[0034] A fourth abutment is provided on the side wall of the cover, and the fourth abutment abuts against the third abutment, and the two fit tightly together.

[0035] The second mounting groove is disposed in the mating area, and at least one sealing component is disposed on the sealing area. The component includes a third mounting groove and a sealing element. The third mounting groove is opened on the outer side wall of the cover, and the sealing element is disposed in the third mounting groove and can closely abut against the inner side wall of the housing.

[0036] Preferably, the control component includes:

[0037] The first circuit board is detachably connected to the first cover via a third connector, and the first circuit board is electrically connected to the detection component.

[0038] The second circuit board is located on both sides of the first cover. The second circuit board is connected to the first circuit board through a fourth connector, and the second circuit board is electrically connected to the first circuit board and the signal transmission component.

[0039] Preferably, the cover is provided with a second abutment in the circumferential direction. One end of the second abutment is connected to the outer wall of the cover, and the other end extends away from the central axis of the cover. The lower end face of the second abutment can abut tightly against the end face of the shell.

[0040] Preferably, in this application, the signal transmission component is electrically connected to the second circuit board, using the configuration found in the prior art.

[0041] Preferably, it also includes a cleaning component, the cleaning component comprising:

[0042] A drive motor is disposed inside the housing, located between the first cover and the second cover;

[0043] A sealed bearing is fitted into a shaft hole in a first cover body. A sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the shaft hole, and a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove. The inner wall of the sealing ring is in close contact with the outer wall of the sealed bearing.

[0044] A drive shaft, one end of which is connected to the output end of a drive motor, and the other end of which passes through the inside of a sealed bearing and extends out of the housing. The sealed bearing is sealed to the rotating shaft.

[0045] The brush arm is closely attached to the outer wall of the first cover and can cover the lens surface. The brush arm is connected to one end of the drive shaft that extends out of the housing and can rotate with the drive shaft.

[0046] A flexible brush blade is disposed on a brush arm and located between the brush arm and the lens, and is used to wipe the lens surface.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0048] 1. This invention proposes a connection assembly consisting of a first mounting groove, a second mounting groove, a first connecting hole, a second connecting hole, a first connector, and a second connector. This structure allows for locking and unlocking between the housing and the cover by simply tightening or loosening one of the second connectors. The assembly and disassembly process requires no special tools, does not damage the seals, and the time required for each assembly and disassembly can be kept extremely short. Compared to traditional threaded connection structures, the connection assembly of this invention does not rely on threads engaging between the housing and the cover; the threads are only used on the second connector itself, thus completely avoiding the problems of thread seizing and difficult disassembly after seawater corrosion. This design makes it possible to replace the detection channel, clean the optical window, replace the seals, or perform laboratory calibration on-site, greatly extending the sensor's lifespan.

[0049] 2. This invention clearly separates the connection and sealing functions: the connection component provides mechanical fixation between the shell and the cover, while the independent sealing element provides waterproof sealing. These two functions are decoupled and do not interfere with each other. The connection component employs a structure where a first connector circles the annular cavity, and a second connector presses it tightly. After pressing, a uniform radial force is applied along the entire circumference, avoiding localized stress concentrations caused by traditional screw connections and facilitating long-term maintenance of sealing performance. Even when the sealing element needs replacement, the connection structure does not need to be damaged, significantly improving maintenance convenience.

[0050] 3. The housing storage space of this invention adopts a stepped inner diameter design, forming functional zones of a joint area, a sealing area, and a storage area. The cover is provided with a second and a fourth abutment part, which respectively form axial limiting and end-face sealing fits with the housing end face and the third abutment part. Multiple sealing components are centrally arranged in the sealing area, arranged sequentially along the axial direction, forming a redundant sealing mechanism: even if the outer seals age and fail during long-term use, the inner seals can still maintain their protective capability. In the high-pressure environment of the deep sea, the external water pressure will further compress the contact surface between the seals and the abutment parts, forming a pressure-reinforced sealing effect; the higher the water pressure, the more reliable the seal. The connecting components do not rely on threads to transmit axial force, avoiding sealing failure caused by plastic deformation of the threads under high pressure. The sensor has a maximum operating depth of up to 6,000 meters and is suitable for various deep-sea operation platforms such as deep-sea profile observation, mooring, buoys, and underwater vehicle integration.

[0051] 4. The detection component channel of this invention adopts a segmented design of the installation area channel and the detection area channel. The optical element is arranged in the detection area channel, and the sealing window is independently installed in the installation area channel. The two are located in channel segments of different depths or diameters. This design achieves decoupling of optical positioning and sealing functions: the lens is independently sealed and installed, avoiding direct compression of precision components such as filters or detectors; the filter is located in the optical path of both the light source and the detector, which can effectively suppress stray light and excitation light crosstalk, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of fluorescence detection; the rear ends of the detector and the light source extend out of the channel and are electrically connected to the control component, which facilitates circuit board-level maintenance and signal debugging, and reduces the difficulty of overall assembly.

[0052] 5. The control component of this invention adopts a layered design of a first circuit board and a second circuit board. The first circuit board is closely attached to the first cover, shortening the analog signal trace distance between it and the light source and detector, effectively suppressing electromagnetic interference and signal attenuation; the second circuit board is placed deep within the storage space, away from the heat source and heat conduction from external water, which is beneficial for thermal management. The two are electrically and mechanically connected through detachable connectors, facilitating the individual replacement or upgrade of either circuit board and reducing maintenance costs. This architecture also supports customized front-ends with different channel configurations on the first circuit board, while uniformly using a standardized second circuit board, achieving both hardware platform universality and parameter configuration personalization.

[0053] 6. This invention integrates a cleaning component at the sensor front end, consisting of a drive motor, sealed bearings, a transmission shaft, a brush arm, and a flexible brush plate. During long-term underwater deployment, biofilms, algae, silt deposits, and salt scale easily adhere to the surface of the optical window. These deposits significantly reduce the emission efficiency of excitation light and the recovery intensity of fluorescence scattered light, causing continuous drift in the measurement signal. The cleaning component of this invention can automatically start before the beginning of each measurement cycle or at preset intervals. The brush arm drives the flexible brush plate to sweep across all optical emission and receiving windows, effectively removing surface deposits and restoring the light transmittance of the windows. The brush plate material is a flexible polymer material with a lower hardness than the optical window material, avoiding scratches on the window surface during long-term use. The brush arm is positioned to avoid all optical paths and receiving fields of view, ensuring that the optical path is completely open and unobstructed during measurement. The low-power micro stepper motor design allows the cleaning component to be adapted to battery-powered long-term moored observation systems. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 This is an overall explosion diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of a portion of the structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 In this invention Figure 2 The enlarged view shown at point A in the middle;

[0059] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of another part of the structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 8 In this invention Figure 7 The enlarged view shown at point B in the middle;

[0062] Figure 9 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another part of the structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0064] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Storage space; 3. Second cover; 4. First cover; 5. Detector; 6. Light source; 7. First mounting slot; 8. Second mounting slot; 9. First connecting hole; 10. Second connecting hole; 11. First connector; 12. Second connector; 13. Mounting area channel; 14. Detection area channel; 15. Lens; 16. Filter; 17. Storage area; 18. First abutment; 19. Second abutment; 20. Sealing area; 21. Joining area; 22. Fourth abutment; 23. Third mounting slot; 24. Seal; 25. First circuit board; 26. Third connector; 27. Second circuit board; 28. Fourth connector; 29. ​​Third abutment; 30. Signal transmission assembly; 31. Auxiliary part; 32. Sealed bearing; 33. Drive shaft; 34. Brush arm; 35. Flexible brush; 36. Cleaning assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The following will refer to the appendices in the embodiments of the present invention. Figures 1-10 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0067] Please see Figures 1-10 Embodiments of the present invention:

[0068] Example 1:

[0069] like Figures 1-2 As shown: A multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor, comprising:

[0070] The housing 1 has a storage space 2 inside, and the storage space 2 has a first opening at the lower end of the housing 1 and a second opening at the upper end of the housing 1 at both ends.

[0071] The cover is detachably connected to the housing 1 via a connecting assembly. It includes a first cover 4 and a second cover 3, which can cover and seal the first opening and the second opening to close the storage space 2.

[0072] A signal transmission component 30 is disposed on the second cover 3 at the second opening;

[0073] The detection component is disposed on the first cover 4 at the first opening, and the detection component is electrically connected to the signal transmission component 30 through the control component disposed in the storage space 2.

[0074] The detection assembly includes a detector 5 and three light sources 6.

[0075] As shown in the figure: the first cover 4 is provided with two channels, the light source 6 is provided in one channel, and the detector 5 is provided in the other channel.

[0076] Three light sources 6 are provided, each of which is an LED, and the detector is a photodiode.

[0077] like Figures 2-8 As shown: The connection component includes:

[0078] The first mounting groove 7 is formed on the side wall of the cover and is an annular groove.

[0079] The second mounting groove 8 is correspondingly opened on the inner side wall of the cover and can communicate with the first mounting groove 7 during installation; the first connecting hole 9 is opened on the side wall of the cover and communicates with the first mounting groove 7, and the central axis of the first connecting hole 9 is perpendicular to the central axis of the first mounting groove 7.

[0080] The second connecting hole 10 is formed on the side wall of the housing 1 and communicates with the second mounting groove 8. The central axis of the second connecting hole 10 extends in the same direction as the central axis of the first connecting hole 9, and the second connecting hole 10 can communicate with the first mounting groove 7.

[0081] The first connector 11 can be simultaneously disposed in the first mounting groove 7 and the second mounting groove 8, and its sidewall can simultaneously and tightly abut against the inner wall of the first mounting groove 7 and the inner wall of the second mounting groove 8. One end of the first connector 11 can pass through the second connecting hole 10 and enter the first mounting groove 7 and the second mounting groove 8 from one side of the first connecting hole 9, and extend out from the first mounting groove 7 and the second mounting groove 8 on the other side of the first connecting hole 9, and converge with the other end at the first connecting hole 9.

[0082] The second connector 12 has one end that can pass through the second connecting hole 10 and enter the first connecting hole 9, pressing both ends of the first connector 11 into the first connecting hole 9 and threadedly connecting them to the first connecting hole 9. The other end can abut against the outer wall of the housing 1.

[0083] In this embodiment, the second mounting groove 8 and the first mounting groove 7 are in the same position, size and shape, and their cross-sections are both semicircular. The material of the first connector 11 is fishing line, the material of the second connector 12 is a bolt, and the central axis of the first connecting hole 9 and the first mounting groove 7 are perpendicular and intersecting. The diameter of the first connecting hole 9 is larger than the width of the groove of the first mounting groove 7.

[0084] The working principle of the connecting component is as follows: During installation, the cover (first cover 4 or second cover 3) is first inserted into the storage space 2 at the end of the housing 1, so that the first mounting groove 7 opened on the side wall of the cover is aligned with the second mounting groove 8 on the inner side wall of the housing 1 in the axial direction, and at the same time, the first connecting hole 9 on the cover is aligned with the second connecting hole 10 on the housing 1 in the radial direction.

[0085] Then, the first connector 11 is inserted from one side of the second connecting hole 10, so that one end passes through the second connecting hole 10 and enters the annular cavity formed by the first mounting groove 7 and the second mounting groove 8. The first connector 11 circles around the annular cavity, and its two ends finally converge at the first connecting hole 9 from both sides.

[0086] Finally, screw the second connector 12 (such as a set screw) into the second connecting hole 10. Its front end enters the first connecting hole 9 and presses down on both ends of the first connector 11, forcing the first connector 11 to be tensioned within the annular cavity, so that its sidewalls simultaneously form a tight abutment with the inner walls of the first mounting groove 7 and the second mounting groove 8. Continue to tighten the second connector 12 until its head abuts against the outer wall of the housing 1 or sinks into the second connecting hole 10. At this point, the cover and the housing 1 are locked in both the axial and radial directions, and the sealing element 24 is compressed, achieving a sealed connection.

[0087] During disassembly, use a tool to loosen the second connector 12 by rotating it in the opposite direction, and remove it from the first connecting hole 9 and the second connecting hole 10 to release the clamping force on the first connector 11.

[0088] After removing the first connector 11, pull the cover outward along the axial direction to completely remove it from the housing 1, thus completing the disassembly. The entire disassembly process does not damage any structural components and does not harm the seal 24, and can be repeated multiple times.

[0089] In this embodiment, the first connector 11 is simultaneously located in the first mounting groove 7 on the cover and the second mounting groove 8 on the housing 1. When pressed by the second connector 12, it can simultaneously restrict the axial movement and radial rotation of the cover relative to the housing 1, resulting in high connection rigidity and strong vibration and impact resistance. After the first connector 11 is pressed, a uniform radial force is applied along the entire circumference, avoiding local stress concentration caused by traditional screw connections, which is beneficial for maintaining sealing performance over a long period of time. After the second connector 12 is screwed into the first connecting hole 9, it forms a threaded connection with the first connecting hole 9. At the same time, its front end presses against both ends of the first connector 11, forming a mechanical anti-loosening structure, which will not loosen on its own even under deep-sea high pressure and flow-induced vibration environments. The entire connection process does not rely on the thread engagement between the housing 1 and the cover (the thread is only used for the second connector 12 itself), thus avoiding the problem of traditional threaded connections seizing up after seawater corrosion. During disassembly, only one screw needs to be loosened to release the lock: the sealing is mainly undertaken by the independent sealing element 24, with the second connector 12 assisting in the sealing, while the connection is undertaken by this component, and the two functions are separated. Even when the seal 24 needs to be replaced, there is no need to damage the connection structure, significantly improving maintenance convenience.

[0090] like Figures 6-8 As shown: The channel includes an installation area channel 13 and a detection area channel 14. One end of the detection area channel 14 can communicate with the storage space 2, and the other end can communicate with the installation area channel 13. The other end of the installation area channel 13 has an opening formed on the outer end face of the first cover 4, which communicates with the external space of the shell 1.

[0091] The detection component also includes a lens 15 and a filter 16. The lens 15 is disposed in the mounting area channel 13 and is sealed to the mounting area channel 13, and can cover the opening formed on the outer end face of the mounting area channel 13 on the cover body.

[0092] The detector 5, the light source 6, and the filter 16 are all disposed in the detection area channel 14. The ends of the detector 5 and the light source 6 that are away from the lens 15 can extend into the detection area channel 14 and be electrically connected to the control component. The filter 16 is located between the detector 5 and the lens 15, and also between the light source 6 and the lens 15.

[0093] Lens 15 cannot extend beyond the end face of the cover. In this embodiment, lens 15 is flush with the end face of the cover, and lens 15 is a sapphire lens. This segmented channel design arranges the optical elements (light source 6, detector 5, filter 16) and the sealing window (lens 15) in channel segments of different diameters or depths, achieving decoupling of optical positioning and sealing functions. Lens 15 is independently sealed and installed, avoiding direct compression of precision components such as filter 16 or detector 5; filter 16 is located in the optical path of both light source 6 and detector 5, effectively suppressing stray light and excitation light crosstalk, and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of fluorescence detection. In addition, the rear ends of detector 5 and light source 6 extend outside the channel and are electrically connected to the control components, facilitating circuit board-level maintenance and signal debugging, and reducing the difficulty of overall assembly.

[0094] like Figures 6-8 As shown: The storage space 2 includes a connection area and a storage area 17. The portion of the housing 1 located in the connection area is connected to the cover. The storage area 17 is used to store control components.

[0095] The inner diameter of the housing 1 located in the connection area is larger than the inner diameter of the housing 1 located in the installation area, and the connection area and the storage area 17 are connected by the first abutment part 18.

[0096] The end of the cover that is away from the water can abut against the first abutment 18;

[0097] The cover is provided with a second abutment 19 in the circumferential direction. One end of the second abutment 19 is connected to the outer wall of the cover, and the other end extends away from the central axis of the cover. The lower end face of the second abutment 19 can abut tightly against the end face of the shell 1.

[0098] In this embodiment, the end of the second abutment 19 that is away from the housing 1 is flush with the cover, and the side wall of the second abutment 19 is flush with the outer side wall of the housing 1.

[0099] The first abutment part 18 and the second abutment part 19 are simultaneously provided, forming a multi-stage axial positioning and sealing enhancement structure. The first abutment part 18 limits the maximum insertion depth of the cover, preventing excessive compression of the internal circuit board or seal 24; the second abutment part 19 utilizes the annular flange of the cover itself to form an end-face sealing fit with the end face of the housing 1, further improving the pressure resistance under high pressure environment. When used in combination, the two can achieve dual protection of "radial sealing + end-face sealing", enabling the sensor to maintain airtightness under water depth conditions of 6000 meters, which is significantly better than the reliability of a single O-ring sealing structure.

[0100] like Figures 6-7 As shown: The connecting area is divided into a sealing area 20 and a joining area 21. The joining area 21 and the storage area 17 are located on both sides of the sealing area 20. The inner diameter of the housing 1 in the joining area 21, the sealing area 20 and the storage area 17 increases sequentially. The joining area 21 and the sealing area 20 are connected by a third abutment 29, and the sealing area 20 and the storage area 17 are connected by a first abutment.

[0101] A fourth abutment 22 is provided on the side wall of the cover, and the fourth abutment 22 abuts against the third abutment 29, and the two fit tightly together.

[0102] The second mounting groove 8 is disposed in the mating area 21, and at least one sealing component is disposed on the sealing area 20. The component includes a third mounting groove 23 and a sealing element 24. The third mounting groove 23 is opened on the outer side wall of the cover, and the sealing element 24 is disposed in the third mounting groove 23 and can closely abut against the inner side wall of the housing 1.

[0103] In this embodiment, the sealing element 24 is an O-ring. In addition, for ease of installation, an auxiliary part 31 is provided at the connection between the inner wall of the housing 1 and the opening of the housing 1. The auxiliary part 31 is inclined in this embodiment, which can be approximately understood as a chamfered form. That is, it extends inclinedly from the opening towards the central axis of the housing 1 and connects with the inner wall of the housing 1 in the joint area 21 to facilitate the entry of the cover.

[0104] This three-tiered, stepped inner diameter design creates a "fitting-sealing-storage" functional zone. The fitting area 21 is used to install connecting components, the sealing area 20 centrally houses multiple O-rings, and the storage area 17 accommodates the circuit board. The tight fit between the third abutment 29 and the fourth abutment 22 provides precise axial positioning, ensuring that the seal 24 is within the correct compression range. The multiple sealing components are arranged sequentially along the axial direction, ensuring that even if the outer seal 24 ages and fails during long-term use, the inner seal 24 can still maintain its protective capability, forming a redundant sealing mechanism. This structure is particularly suitable for long-term anchoring deployments, significantly reducing the risk of sensor damage due to seal failure.

[0105] like Figures 3-4 As shown: The control component includes:

[0106] The first circuit board 25 is detachably connected to the first cover 4 via the third connector 26, and the first circuit board 25 can be electrically connected to the detection component.

[0107] The second circuit board 27 is located on both sides of the first cover 4. The second circuit board 27 is connected to the first circuit board 25 through the fourth connector 28, and the second circuit board 27 is electrically connected to the first circuit board 25 and the signal transmission component 30.

[0108] In this embodiment, both the third connector 26 and the fourth connector 28 are bolts and nuts.

[0109] The dual-circuit board layered design separates the front-end amplification and analog-to-digital conversion of the detection signal (first circuit board 25) from the data processing, storage, and communication (second circuit board 27). The first circuit board 25 is closely attached to the first cover 4, shortening the analog signal trace distance between it and the light source 6 and detector 5, effectively suppressing electromagnetic interference and signal attenuation. The second circuit board 27 is placed deep within the storage space 2, away from the heat-generating light source 6 and external water conduction, which is beneficial for thermal management. The two circuit boards are detachably connected by a fourth connector 28, facilitating individual replacement or upgrades of either circuit board and reducing maintenance costs. This architecture also supports customized front-ends with different channel configurations on the first circuit board 25, while using a standardized second circuit board 27, achieving both hardware platform universality and personalized parameter configuration.

[0110] In this embodiment, the signal transmission component 30 is a watertight connector.

[0111] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that it also includes a cleaning device.

[0112] like Figures 9-10 As shown: This embodiment includes two light sources, two detectors, and four channels;

[0113] It also includes a cleaning component 36, which comprises:

[0114] A drive motor is disposed within the housing, located between the first cover 4 and the second cover 3.

[0115] A sealed bearing 32 is fitted into a shaft hole 37 on the first cover body 4. A sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the shaft hole 37, and a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove. The inner wall of the sealing ring is in close contact with the outer wall of the sealed bearing 32.

[0116] A drive shaft 33, one end of which is connected to the output end of a drive motor, and the other end passes through the inside of a sealed bearing 32 and extends out of the housing 1. The sealed bearing 32 and the drive shaft 33 are sealed together.

[0117] The brush arm 34 is closely attached to the outer wall of the first cover 4 and can cover the surface of the lens 15. The brush arm 34 is connected to one end of the drive shaft that extends out of the housing 1 and can rotate with the drive shaft.

[0118] A flexible brush 35 is disposed on a brush arm 34 and located between the brush arm 34 and the lens 15, and is used to wipe the surface of the lens 15.

[0119] In this embodiment, the drive motor is a micro stepper motor, the brush arm is located on the outer side of the optical end face, and the brush material is made of PTFE nylon fine bristles, which has a lower hardness than the optical window material to avoid scratching the sapphire window.

[0120] The rotation mode can be unidirectional 360° rotation or reciprocating oscillation. During each cleaning, the controller drives the motor to make the brush sweep across all optical emission and reception windows to remove biofilm, algae, silt deposits, oil film, bubbles, and early deposits of salt scale.

[0121] The cleaning components primarily maintain the light transmittance of the lens / filter outer window and optical channel entrance, rather than cleaning the electronic detector itself. Since biofouling in long-term marine deployment environments reduces excitation light emission intensity, fluorescence / scattered light recovery intensity, and introduces spurious drift, the scrubbing mechanism can significantly extend the maintenance-free period and improve the consistency of CDOM, backscattering, and turbidity data.

[0122] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0123] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) has a storage space (2) inside. The storage space (2) has a first opening at the lower end of the housing (1) and a second opening at the upper end of the housing (1) at both ends. The cover is detachably connected to the housing (1) via a connecting assembly. It includes a first cover (4) and a second cover (3) and is capable of covering and sealing the first opening and the second opening to close the storage space (2). A signal transmission component (30) is disposed on the second cover (3) at the second opening; The detection component is disposed on the first cover (4) at the first opening, and the detection component is electrically connected to the signal transmission component (30) through the control component disposed in the storage space (2); The detection assembly includes at least one or more detectors (5) and a light source (6), wherein the detectors (5) can detect parameters of the water body with the assistance of the light source (6); The first cover (4) is provided with several channels, and the light source (6) and detector (5) are respectively arranged in each channel.

2. The multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, When multiple light sources (6) are provided, each light source (6) emits a different wavelength.

3. A multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connection component includes: The first mounting groove (7) is formed on the side wall of the cover; The second mounting groove (8) is correspondingly opened on the inner side wall of the cover and is connected to the first mounting groove (7); The first connecting hole (9) is opened on the side wall of the cover and communicates with the first mounting groove (7). The central axis of the first connecting hole (9) is perpendicular to the central axis of the first mounting groove (7). The second connecting hole (10) is opened on the side wall of the housing (1) and can communicate with the second mounting groove (8) when installed. At this time, the central axis of the second connecting hole (10) and the central axis of the first connecting hole (9) extend in the same direction, and the second connecting hole (10) can communicate with the first mounting groove (7). The first connector (11) can be simultaneously disposed in the first mounting groove (7) and the second mounting groove (8) and closely abut against the inner walls of the two. The two ends of the first connector (11) converge at the first connecting hole (9). The second connector (12) has one end that can pass through the second connection hole (10) and enter the first connection hole (9), pressing both ends of the first connector (11) into the first connection hole (9) and detachably connecting them to the first connection hole (9). The other end can abut against the outer wall of the housing (1) or be installed in the second connection hole (10).

4. A multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The channel includes an installation area channel (13) and a detection area channel (14). One end of the detection area channel (14) can be connected to the storage space (2), and the other end is connected to the installation area channel (13). The other end of the installation area channel (13) has an opening formed on the outer end face of the first cover (4) and is connected to the external space of the shell (1). The detection component also includes a lens (15) and a filter (16). The lens (15) is disposed in the mounting area channel (13) and is sealed to the mounting area channel (13), and can cover the opening formed on the outer end face of the mounting area channel (13). The detector (5), light source (6) and filter (16) are all located in the detection area channel (14). The ends of the detector (5) and the light source (6) that are away from the lens (15) can extend into the detection area channel (14) and be electrically connected to the control component. The filter (16) is located between the detector (5) and the lens (15), and also between the light source (6) and the lens (15).

5. A multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The storage space (2) includes a connection area and a storage area (17). The portion of the housing (1) located in the connection area is connected to the cover. The storage area (17) is used to store control components. The inner diameter of the housing (1) located in the connection area is larger than the inner diameter of the housing (1) located in the installation area, and the connection area and the storage area (17) are connected by a first abutment (18); The end of the cover that is away from the water body can abut against the first abutment (18).

6. A multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cover is provided with a second abutment (19) in the circumferential direction. One end of the second abutment (19) is connected to the outer wall of the cover, and the other end extends away from the central axis of the cover. The lower end face of the second abutment (19) can abut tightly against the end face of the shell (1).

7. A multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connection area is divided into a sealing area (20) and a joining area (21). The joining area (21) and the storage area (17) are located on both sides of the sealing area (20). The inner diameter of the housing (1) in the joining area (21), the sealing area (20) and the storage area (17) increases sequentially. The joining area (21) and the sealing area (20) are connected by a third abutment (29). A fourth abutment (22) is provided on the side wall of the cover, and the fourth abutment (22) abuts against the third abutment (29) and the two fit together tightly; The second mounting groove (8) is provided in the joint area (21), and at least one sealing component is provided on the sealing area (20). The component includes a third mounting groove (23) and a sealing element (24). The third mounting groove (23) is opened on the outer side wall of the cover, and the sealing element (24) is provided in the third mounting groove (23) and can closely abut against the inner side wall of the housing (1).

8. A multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that, The control component includes: The first circuit board (25) is detachably connected to the first cover (4) via the third connector (26), and the first circuit board (25) is electrically connected to the detection component; The second circuit board (27) and the first cover (4) are located on opposite sides of the first cover (4). The second circuit board (27) is connected to the first circuit board (25) through the fourth connector (28), and the second circuit board (27) is electrically connected to the first circuit board (25) and the signal transmission component (30).

9. A multi-channel marine biochemical optical sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a cleaning component, said cleaning component (36) comprising: The drive motor is disposed inside the housing (1) and located between the two first covers (4) and the second cover (3); A sealed bearing (32) is fitted into a shaft hole on the first cover (4). A sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the shaft hole. A sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove. The inner wall of the sealing ring is in close contact with the outer wall of the sealed bearing (32). A drive shaft (33) has one end connected to the output end of a drive motor and the other end passing through the inside of a sealed bearing (32) and extending out of the housing (1). The sealed bearing (32) and the drive shaft (33) are sealed together. The brush arm (34) is closely attached to the outer wall of the first cover (4) and can cover the surface of the lens (15). The brush arm (34) is connected to one end of the drive shaft (33) that extends out of the housing (1) and the brush arm (34) can rotate with the drive shaft (33). A flexible brush (35) is disposed on a brush arm (34) and located between the brush arm (34) and the lens (15) for wiping the surface of the lens (15).

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