Phylite surrounding rock water cementation damage simulation test device based on intelligent sensor

Abstract

This invention discloses a simulation test device for cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors, belonging to the field of geotechnical engineering simulation test technology. It includes a support frame with a top plate fixed to its upper surface; a bearing plate, mounted on the support frame using multiple shock-absorbing bases, with the bearing plate located below the top plate; a simulation component fixed between the top plate and the bearing plate, with a sealed door on one side; an inlet tank and an outlet tank, both fixed to the bearing plate and located on opposite sides of the simulation component; wherein the simulation component includes at least a pressure chamber, inside which a sensing component and an execution component are installed. The sensing component is used to monitor the sample, and the execution component is used to simulate the environment of the sample.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering simulation testing technology, specifically to a simulation testing device for cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors. Background Technology

[0002] Phyllite is a typical soft rock with significant hydrophilicity and softening properties. In underground engineering construction such as tunnel excavation and roadway engineering, phyllite surrounding rock is prone to mudification and disintegration under the long-term effects of groundwater seepage and high humidity environment, resulting in a sharp decline in rock mass strength and causing engineering disasters such as large deformation and collapse. Therefore, studying the mudification damage evolution law of phyllite under the action of water is crucial to engineering safety.

[0003] Existing rock softening test devices have the following main shortcomings: First, most of them use a single water supply mode, which makes it difficult to simulate the complex water environment of phyllite under different hydrogeological conditions; second, they adopt an open-loop control method and operate after preset parameters, which cannot dynamically adjust the water environment parameters according to the real-time response inside the rock sample; third, parameters such as permeability and strength of phyllite change in real time during water contact, and traditional devices cannot capture and respond to such rapid changes; fourth, they lack stratified monitoring methods and cannot obtain information on damage evolution at different depths inside the sample.

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention provides a simulation test device for cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors, thereby solving the aforementioned issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a simulation test device for cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors, comprising:

[0006] A bracket with a top plate fixed to its upper end surface, and a controller is installed on the top plate;

[0007] The bearing plate is mounted on the bracket using multiple shock-absorbing bases, and the bearing plate is located below the top plate;

[0008] The simulation component is fixed between the top plate and the support plate, and a sealed door is provided on one side of it;

[0009] Both the inlet tank and the outlet tank are fixed to the support plate and are located on both sides of the simulation component;

[0010] The simulation component includes at least a pressure chamber, inside which a sensing component and an execution component are installed. The sensing component is used to monitor the sample, and the execution component is used to simulate the environment of the sample.

[0011] Furthermore, preferably, the inner wall of the pressure chamber is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves, and a fixing groove is provided on one of the sliding grooves. The pressure chamber is provided with an inlet and an outlet near the bottom. The pressure chamber and the sample are provided with an overflow port at the corresponding positions near the top. The inlet is connected to the inlet tank by a pump body. The outlet and the overflow port are connected to the outlet tank.

[0012] Furthermore, preferably, the sensing component includes a high-speed camera, fixed to the inner wall of the pressure chamber, and installed at a height higher than the height of the sample. The sample is provided with an upper sensing unit, a middle sensing unit, and a lower sensing unit arranged from top to bottom, for real-time monitoring of pore water pressure and strain response at different depths of the sample.

[0013] Furthermore, preferably, the upper sensing unit, the middle sensing unit, and the lower sensing unit all include micro-strain sensors, the upper sensing unit also includes a humidity sensor, and the middle sensing unit and the lower sensing unit also include pore water pressure gauges.

[0014] Further, preferably, the execution component includes:

[0015] The loading cylinder is fixed to the top plate;

[0016] A loading plate is fixed to the output end of the loading cylinder, and its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure chamber.

[0017] A spray assembly is installed in the pressure chamber.

[0018] Further, preferably, the spray assembly includes:

[0019] The lifting cylinder is fixed in the fixing groove;

[0020] An annular spray pipe is slidably disposed in multiple of the aforementioned grooves and fixed to the output end of the lifting cylinder. The annular spray pipe and the water inlet tank are connected by a pump body.

[0021] Multiple atomizing nozzles are configured and arranged circumferentially on the annular spray pipe.

[0022] Furthermore, preferably, the angle between the atomizing nozzle and the horizontal direction is 20°.

[0023] Furthermore, preferably, the controller automatically controls the height and water level of the annular spray pipe according to the test mode, which includes: spray mode, soaking mode and seepage mode.

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a simulation test device for cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. Closed-loop adaptive control: The sensing units are arranged in layers along the height of the sample to monitor the pore water pressure and strain response in different depth areas in real time. The controller automatically adjusts the height of the spray assembly and the head difference according to the monitoring data, forming a sensing-decision-execution closed-loop control, which solves the problem of dynamic parameter changes and open-loop control failure during the process of phyllite encountering water.

[0026] 2. Seamless switching between multiple modes: The controller automatically switches between spray, soaking, and seepage modes according to the test requirements, and adjusts the height of the annular spray pipe accordingly. In spray mode, it is lowered to the optimal position, in soaking mode it is raised above the water level to avoid damage, and in seepage mode, a stable head difference is formed by the cooperation of the inlet and the overflow outlet.

[0027] 3. Vertical gradient simulation: The layered sensing unit and the liftable spray pipe work together to establish an upper unsaturated wet zone and a lower saturated seepage zone on the same sample, realistically simulating the damage evolution process of phyllite in the transition zone. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation component structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure chamber structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partially enlarged structural diagram;

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Support; 2. Top plate; 3. Bearing plate; 4. Vibration damping base; 5. Simulation component; 6. Sealing door; 7. Water inlet tank; 8. Water outlet tank; 51. Pressure chamber; 52. Sample; 53. Loading cylinder; 54. Loading plate; 55. Spray assembly; 511. Slide groove; 512. Fixing groove; 513. Water inlet; 514. Water outlet; 515. Overflow port; 521. Upper sensing unit; 522. Middle sensing unit; 523. Lower sensing unit; 551. Lifting cylinder; 552. Annular spray pipe; 553. Atomizing nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Reference Figures 1-4 This invention provides a technical solution: a simulation test device for cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors, comprising:

[0034] A bracket 1 has a top plate 2 fixed to its upper end surface, and a controller is installed on the top plate 2;

[0035] The bearing plate 3 is mounted on the bracket 1 using multiple shock-absorbing bases 4, and the bearing plate 3 is located below the top plate 2;

[0036] The simulation component 5 is fixed between the top plate 2 and the support plate 3, and a sealing door 6 is provided on one side of it;

[0037] The inlet tank 7 and the outlet tank 8 are both fixed on the support plate 3 and located on both sides of the simulation component 5;

[0038] The simulation component 5 includes at least a pressure chamber 51, inside which a sensing component and an execution component are installed. The sensing component is used to monitor the sample 52, and the execution component is used to simulate the environment of the sample 52.

[0039] It should be noted that the pressure chamber 51 is made of high-strength transparent material, which makes it easy to observe the internal test conditions. The inlet tank 7 and the outlet tank 8 are connected to facilitate water circulation. Preferably, a filter device is installed at the connection between the inlet tank 7 and the outlet tank 8 to avoid pipe blockage.

[0040] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the pressure chamber 51 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 511, and a fixing groove 512 is provided on one of the sliding grooves 511. The pressure chamber 51 is provided with an inlet 513 and an outlet 514 near the bottom. The pressure chamber 51 and the sample 52 are provided with an overflow port 515 near the top. The inlet 513 is connected to the water inlet tank 7 by a pump body. The outlet 514 and the overflow port 515 are connected to the water outlet tank 8.

[0041] In other words, the overflow port 515 allows the water to circulate from bottom to top, which facilitates the settling of impurities by gravity and prevents the water from carrying impurities from the sample 52 out and affecting the water circulation.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the sensing component includes a high-speed camera fixed to the inner wall of the pressure chamber 51 and installed at a height higher than that of the sample 52. The sample 52 is provided with an upper sensing unit 521, a middle sensing unit 522 and a lower sensing unit 523 arranged from top to bottom, for real-time monitoring of pore water pressure and strain response at different depths of the sample 52.

[0043] In addition, the upper sensing unit 521, the middle sensing unit 522 and the lower sensing unit 523 all include micro-strain sensors. The upper sensing unit 521 also includes a humidity sensor, and the middle sensing unit 522 and the lower sensing unit 523 also include pore water pressure gauges.

[0044] It should be noted that the placement of each sensing unit is determined based on the size of the sample 52 and the physical properties of the phyllite. They are usually located at 1 / 4, 1 / 2 and 3 / 4 of the height of the sample 52, respectively, to ensure coverage of the unsaturated zone, transition zone and saturated zone.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the execution component includes:

[0046] The loading cylinder 53 is fixed on the top plate 2;

[0047] The loading plate 54 is fixed to the output end of the loading cylinder 53, and its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure chamber 51.

[0048] The spray assembly 55 is installed inside the pressure chamber 51.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the spray assembly 55 includes:

[0050] The lifting cylinder 551 is fixed in the fixing groove 512;

[0051] The annular spray pipe 552 is slidably disposed in the plurality of the sliding grooves 511 and fixed to the output end of the lifting cylinder 551. The annular spray pipe 552 and the water inlet tank 7 are connected by a pump body.

[0052] Multiple atomizing nozzles 553 are configured and arranged circumferentially on the annular spray pipe 552.

[0053] Preferably, the atomizing nozzle 553 makes an angle of 20° with the horizontal direction.

[0054] In addition, the controller automatically controls the height and water level of the annular spray pipe 552 according to the test mode. The test modes are divided into: spray mode, soaking mode and seepage mode.

[0055] Example 1: Spray Immersion Mode Test (This example simulates the environment of dripping water or rainwater infiltration on the surface of the surrounding rock during the initial stage of tunnel excavation).

[0056] Step 1: Sample preparation and installation. Prepare a standard phyllite cylindrical sample with a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 100 mm. Drill holes at 25 mm, 50 mm and 75 mm of the sample height to embed the upper sensing unit 521 (humidity sensor + micro-strain sensor), the middle sensing unit 522 (pore water pressure gauge + micro-strain sensor) and the lower sensing unit 523 (pore water pressure gauge + micro-strain sensor). After sealing and curing with epoxy resin, place the sample 52 on the support plate 3 in the pressure chamber 51.

[0057] Step 2: Parameter setting. Set the test mode to spray mode through the controller, start the pump body 2 to supply water to the annular spray pipe 552, set the spray pressure to 0.2MPa through the controller, and set the angle between the atomizing nozzle 553 and the horizontal direction to 20°.

[0058] Step 3: Automatic control process. The controller sends a command to the lifting cylinder 551 to drive the annular spray pipe 552 down along the slide 511 to above the sample 52. The atomizing nozzle 553 sprays evenly at a 20° centripetal angle to wet the surface of the upper area of ​​the sample 52.

[0059] Step 4: Data acquisition and feedback adjustment. During the test, the upper sensing unit 521 monitors the humidity of the upper part of the sample 52 in real time, while the middle sensing unit 522 and the lower sensing unit 523 monitor the pore water pressure and strain changes. When the humidity of the upper part reaches the set threshold, the controller automatically reduces the flow rate of the pump body and reduces the spray intensity to prevent the surface from becoming too wet. The high-speed camera continuously acquires images of the surface of the sample 52 to capture the initiation and propagation of mud cracks.

[0060] Example 2: Static immersion test (This example simulates the saturated state below the groundwater level);

[0061] Step 1: Sample installation (same as Example 1);

[0062] Step 2: Parameter setting. Set the test mode to immersion mode through the controller. Connect the pump body to the inlet 513, connect the outlet 514 to the outlet tank 8, keep the overflow port 515 closed, and set the target water level to completely submerge the sample 52.

[0063] Step 3: Automatic control process. The controller starts the pump body to inject water into the pressure chamber 51. When the water level rises, the controller sends a command to the lifting cylinder 551 to drive the annular spray pipe 552 to rise along the slide 511 to 50mm above the water level, so as to avoid damage to the atomizing nozzle 553 due to long-term immersion in water. Continue to inject water until the water level completely submerges the top of the sample 52. The controller then shuts off the pump body.

[0064] Step 4: Data acquisition. During the experiment, the lower sensing unit 523 monitors the establishment process of the pore water pressure at the bottom of the sample 52, the middle sensing unit 522 monitors the rising speed of the saturation front, and the upper sensing unit 521 monitors the time when the top reaches saturation. When the bottom pore water pressure reaches a stable value (indicating complete saturation), the saturation time is recorded.

[0065] Example 3: Seepage Model Test (This example simulates the groundwater runoff environment to study the scouring and transport effects of seepage on mud products).

[0066] Step 1: Sample installation (same as Example 1)

[0067] Step 2: Parameter setting. Set the test mode to seepage mode through the controller. Connect the inlet 513 to the pump body 1. Connect the overflow port 515 to the outlet tank 8 as the outlet. Keep the outlet 514 closed. At this time, a stable head difference is formed between the inlet 513 and the overflow port 515.

[0068] Step 3: Automatic control process. The controller starts the pump body to inject water into the pressure chamber 51. When the water level reaches the height of the overflow port 515, the excess water automatically flows into the water tank 8 through the overflow port 515 to form a stable water level. The controller raises the annular spray pipe 552 above the water level. Based on the pore water pressure data of the lower sensing unit 523, the controller calculates the permeability coefficient of the lower part of the sample 52 in real time and dynamically adjusts the flow rate of the pump body to keep the seepage velocity constant.

[0069] Step 4: Cross-layer collaborative response. After the test is conducted, the middle sensing unit 522 detects an abnormal increase in pore water pressure (indicating mud blockage in the middle). The controller automatically reduces the flow rate of the pump to reduce seepage water, and at the same time starts the spray assembly 55 to reverse wet the upper part of the sample 52, simulating the overall response caused by local damage.

[0070] Example 4: Dry-wet cycle test (This example simulates groundwater level fluctuations or seasonal dry-wet alternation environment).

[0071] Step 1: Sample installation (same as Example 1);

[0072] Step 2: Parameter setting, set the test mode to loop mode via the controller;

[0073] Step 3: Automatic control process. The controller automatically switches modes according to the set program:

[0074] Spraying stage: The outlet 514 opens to empty the pressure chamber 51, and the annular spray pipe 552 descends above the sample 52 to spray at a pressure of 0.2 MPa;

[0075] Soaking stage: Close the outlet 514, pump water into the pressure chamber 51 until the sample 52 is submerged, and the annular spray pipe 552 rises above the water level;

[0076] Drying stage: Open the outlet 514 to empty the pressure chamber 51, keep the annular spray pipe 552 at a high position, and allow the sample 52 to dry naturally;

[0077] Step 4: Data acquisition. After each cycle is completed, the controller records the data of each sensing unit, and the high-speed camera captures images of the surface cracks of sample 52.

[0078] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phyllite surrounding rock cementation damage simulation test device based on an intelligent sensor, characterized in that, include: A bracket (1) has a top plate (2) fixed on its upper end surface, and a controller is installed on the top plate (2); The bearing plate (3) is mounted on the bracket (1) using multiple shock-absorbing bases (4), and the bearing plate (3) is located below the top plate (2); The simulation component (5) is fixed between the top plate (2) and the support plate (3), and a sealing door (6) is provided on one side of it. The inlet tank (7) and the outlet tank (8) are both fixed on the support plate (3) and located on both sides of the simulation component (5); The simulation component (5) includes at least a pressure chamber (51), inside which a sensing component and an execution component are installed. The sensing component is used to monitor the sample (52), and the execution component is used to simulate the environment of the sample (52).

2. The experimental device for simulating cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the pressure chamber (51) is provided with a plurality of grooves (511), and a fixed groove (512) is provided on one of the grooves (511). The pressure chamber (51) is provided with an inlet (513) and an outlet (514) near the bottom. The pressure chamber (51) and the sample (52) are provided with an overflow port (515) at the corresponding positions near the top. The inlet (513) is connected to the inlet tank (7) by a pump body. The outlet (514) and the overflow port (515) are connected to the outlet tank (8).

3. The experimental device for simulating cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensing component includes a high-speed camera, which is fixed to the inner wall of the pressure chamber (51) and installed at a height higher than that of the sample (52). The sample (52) is provided with an upper sensing unit (521), a middle sensing unit (522) and a lower sensing unit (523) arranged from top to bottom, for real-time monitoring of pore water pressure and strain response in different depth regions of the sample (52).

4. The experimental device for simulating cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper sensing unit (521), the middle sensing unit (522), and the lower sensing unit (523) all include micro-strain sensors. The upper sensing unit (521) also includes a humidity sensor, and the middle sensing unit (522) and the lower sensing unit (523) also include pore water pressure gauges.

5. The experimental device for simulating cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors according to claim 2, characterized in that, The execution component includes: Loading cylinder (53) is fixed on the top plate (2); A loading plate (54) is fixed to the output end of the loading cylinder (53), and its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure chamber (51). The spray assembly (55) is installed inside the pressure chamber (51).

6. The experimental device for simulating cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spray assembly (55) includes: The lifting cylinder (551) is fixed in the fixing groove (512); The annular spray pipe (552) is slidably disposed in multiple of the sliding grooves (511) and fixed to the output end of the lifting cylinder (551). The annular spray pipe (552) and the water inlet tank (7) are connected by a pump body. Atomizing nozzles (553) are configured in multiples and arranged circumferentially on the annular spray pipe (552).

7. The experimental device for simulating cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors according to claim 6, characterized in that, The atomizing nozzle (553) has an angle of 20° with the horizontal direction.

8. The experimental device for simulating cementation damage of phyllite surrounding rock based on intelligent sensors according to claim 7, characterized in that, The controller automatically controls the height and water level of the annular spray pipe (552) according to the test mode. The test modes are divided into: spray mode, soaking mode and seepage mode.

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