A method and system for coordinated injection detection of primary and secondary equipment under intense electromagnetic pulses

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for collaborative injection testing of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulses, belonging to the field of electromagnetic compatibility testing technology for power equipment. By connecting primary and secondary equipment into a fused device via communication equipment, and employing a collaborative injection method to compensate for the coupling effect of the communication cable, the secondary equipment achieves a coupling effect consistent with the actual operating conditions. This method abandons the traditional separate testing mode and solves the problem of low reliability of test results due to coupling deviation in traditional testing. By acquiring operating parameters in real time, the transient coupling response of the equipment is accurately captured, and the equipment's anti-interference capability is scientifically determined using quantitative data. This method can comprehensively reflect the actual anti-interference capability of the equipment and provides an effective reference for equipment optimization design and engineering applications. It also solves the problem that the strong electromagnetic pulse coupled to the secondary equipment deviates significantly from the actual operating conditions in the traditional separate testing method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic compatibility testing technology for power equipment, specifically to a method and system for detecting the coordinated injection of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulses. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of new power systems, the integration of primary and secondary power equipment is becoming increasingly apparent. Primary and secondary integrated switches, as key equipment in distribution networks, achieve close connection between primary and secondary equipment via communication cables, realizing the observable, measurable, and controllable functions of the distribution network. Strong electromagnetic pulses (such as HEMPs) are highly destructive transient electromagnetic radiation with electric field strengths exceeding 1kV / m. They are characterized by high amplitude steepness, long duration, and wide energy distribution frequency bands, posing a serious threat to power systems.

[0003] Currently, the detection of power equipment under strong electromagnetic pulses (ESPs) often employs a method of separate testing of primary and secondary equipment: primary equipment typically couples the EMP signal through an overhead line, while secondary equipment couples the signal through a cable. However, the unique characteristic of integrated primary and secondary switches lies in the fact that their primary and secondary equipment form an integrated structure via a communication cable. Separate testing methods cannot achieve coordinated injection of primary and secondary signals, nor can they compensate for the coupling effect of the EMP on the communication cable. This results in a significant deviation between the EMP coupled to the secondary equipment and the actual operating conditions. Furthermore, because a coordinated injection mode is not used and the coupling effect of the communication cable is not compensated, the EMP experienced by the secondary equipment may not match the actual operating conditions, leading to test results that fail to accurately reflect the equipment's immunity to interference.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN113992823A discloses an intelligent fault diagnosis method for primary and secondary equipment based on multiple information sources. This method generates a rule base based on existing power grid fault data. A power equipment inspection robot photographs the faulty primary and secondary equipment, collecting image and location information, and transmits this information to a server. The server receives the image and location information, determines the equipment information based on the image information, and identifies the fault and status of the primary and secondary equipment by matching the equipment information, location information, and the rule base. The power equipment inspection robot obtains the fault identification, status perception, and location information of the primary and secondary equipment from the server and informs the inspection personnel of this information. However, this method uses a separate detection approach, which may result in significant discrepancies between the detection results and the actual results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problem that existing electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing methods for primary and secondary equipment use separate testing, resulting in significant deviations between the strong electromagnetic pulses coupled to the secondary equipment and actual operating conditions. This leads to test results that fail to accurately reflect the equipment's immunity to interference. The invention provides a method and system for collaborative injection testing of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulses. By connecting the primary and secondary equipment into a unified device via communication equipment, a collaborative injection method is used to compensate for the coupling effect of the communication cable. This allows the secondary equipment to achieve a coupling effect consistent with actual operating conditions, abandoning the traditional separate testing mode and solving the problem of low reliability of test results due to coupling deviations in traditional testing. By acquiring operating parameters in real time, the transient coupling response of the equipment is accurately captured, and quantitative data is used to scientifically determine the equipment's immunity to interference, comprehensively reflecting the actual immunity of the equipment. This also provides a valuable reference for equipment optimization design and engineering applications.

[0006] In a first aspect, one technical solution provided in this embodiment of the invention is: a method for coordinated injection detection of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulses, comprising the following steps: S1. Connect the primary device to be tested and the corresponding secondary device through a communication device to obtain a primary and secondary fusion device; S2. Determine the reference generation parameters based on the physical parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment and in combination with the field line coupling mechanism; determine the coupling compensation parameters based on the communication coupling parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment and in combination with the coupling compensation mechanism. S3. Based on the reference generation parameters, start the strong electromagnetic pulse generator to obtain a primary injection signal; based on the coupling compensation parameters, start the coupling compensation device to obtain a coupling compensation signal; S4. Simultaneously apply the primary injection signal and the coupling compensation signal to the primary and secondary fusion equipment, and collect the actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment in real time; perform equipment response analysis on the actual operating parameters, and determine the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment based on the analysis results.

[0007] This solution integrates primary and secondary equipment into a unified device via communication equipment, restoring the actual physical and communication links of the equipment during operation. This eliminates the need for traditional separate detection methods, thus establishing a detection foundation that closely matches real-world operating conditions. By combining the physical and communication coupling parameters of the equipment with field line coupling and coupling compensation mechanisms, two types of core parameters are determined, providing both theoretical and practical support for pulse generation and compensation parameter design, ensuring accurate adaptation. Through a primary-secondary collaborative injection method, the coupling effect of the communication cable is compensated, enabling the secondary equipment to achieve a coupling effect consistent with real-world operating conditions. This solves the problem of low reliability of detection results caused by coupling deviations in traditional detection methods. By acquiring operating parameters in real time, the transient coupling response of the equipment is accurately captured, providing reliable data for analysis. Furthermore, through multi-dimensional equipment response analysis, the equipment's anti-interference capability is scientifically determined, providing quantitative data support for the conclusions and offering effective reference for subsequent equipment optimization design and engineering applications.

[0008] Preferably, the primary device to be tested is equipped with a load parameter sensor at its signal output terminal, and the secondary device to be tested is equipped with an electric field sensor, a high-frequency current sensor, and a voltage sensor at its signal input terminal; the load parameter sensor is used to collect voltage and current. The primary and secondary fusion device is formed by the communication connection between the primary device and the secondary device to be tested through their own inherent primary and secondary fusion connector cables.

[0009] In this solution, by installing sensors for load parameters, electric fields, and high-frequency currents at key terminals of primary and secondary equipment, core parameters of equipment operation and electromagnetic environment can be collected in all dimensions. This provides accurate and comprehensive data support for parameter setting and response analysis of subsequent strong electromagnetic pulse detection. By using the equipment's own inherent primary and secondary integrated plug-in cables to achieve communication connection, the true integrated structure and communication link of the equipment are restored, thereby avoiding coupling deviations caused by external lines, conforming to actual working conditions, and laying a reliable hardware foundation for subsequent collaborative injection and coupling compensation.

[0010] Preferably, in S2, the physical parameters include the pulse electric field intensity output by the high-intensity electromagnetic pulse generator, the effective coupling length of the primary and secondary fusion connector cable, and the coupling angle between the pulse electric field and the primary and secondary fusion connector cable; the determination of the reference generation parameters based on the physical parameters of the primary and secondary fusion device and in combination with the field-line coupling mechanism includes the following steps: The field-line coupling equation is constructed with pulse electric field intensity, effective coupling length and coupling angle as independent variables and field coupling voltage to be applied on the primary and secondary fusion connector cable as dependent variable. The field coupling voltage is calculated based on the field-line coupling equation. The field coupling voltage is used as the target coupling voltage, and the corresponding pulse rise time, pulse duration, and pulse frequency distribution coverage are set as reference generation parameters.

[0011] In this scheme, the reference generation parameters are determined based on the actual physical parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment. This ensures that the parameter settings are aligned with the characteristics of the equipment itself, avoiding blindly selecting values ​​and guaranteeing compatibility with the tested equipment. Simultaneously, equations are constructed using the field-line coupling mechanism, and the field coupling voltage is calculated as the target value. This provides professional theoretical support for the determination of the reference generation parameters, thereby improving parameter accuracy. Furthermore, supporting parameters such as pulse rise edge and duration are set to match the environmental characteristics of real strong electromagnetic pulses, providing accurate and standardized parameter basis for the generation of the subsequent primary injection signal. This ensures that the primary and secondary coordinated injection can accurately simulate real working conditions and also clarifies the target reference for the coupling compensation stage, solidifying the scientific nature of the detection.

[0012] Preferably, in S2, the coupling compensation parameters are determined based on the communication coupling parameters of the primary and secondary fusion devices and in conjunction with the coupling compensation mechanism, including the following steps: The vacuum permeability, number of turns of the original coil, cross-sectional area of ​​the original coil, and length of the original coil of the coupling compensation device are obtained as communication coupling parameters. An equation for calculating induced voltage is constructed using the vacuum permeability, number of turns, cross-sectional area, and length of the current coil as independent variables and the induced voltage as the dependent variable. Using the induced voltage equal to the target coupling voltage as the coupling compensation target, the calculation equation of the induced voltage is solved to obtain the number of turns of the target coil, the cross-sectional area of ​​the target coil, and the length of the target coil as coupling compensation parameters.

[0013] In this scheme, the coupling compensation parameters are determined based on the actual communication coupling parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment, which aligns with the inherent characteristics of the equipment's communication link. This ensures that the compensation parameters are highly compatible with the tested equipment, avoiding any disconnect from actual operating conditions. Furthermore, the scheme constructs an induced voltage calculation equation based on the coupling compensation mechanism, providing professional electromagnetic theory support for parameter derivation and improving the accuracy of compensation parameter calculations. By solving for coil parameters with the induced voltage equal to the target coupling voltage as the core compensation objective, the compensation pulse can accurately offset the coupling loss and distortion of the communication cable, ensuring that the secondary equipment achieves a coupling effect consistent with real operating conditions. This provides key parameter support for the accurate realization of primary and secondary collaborative injection and guarantees the authenticity of subsequent test data.

[0014] Preferably, in S4, the primary injection signal and the coupling compensation signal are simultaneously applied to the primary and secondary fusion device, including the following steps: Connect the pulse output terminal of the high electromagnetic pulse generator to the signal input terminal of the primary device in the primary and secondary fusion equipment. The current coil of the coupling compensation device is placed outside the cable of the primary and secondary fusion connector. Start the strong electromagnetic pulse generator to input the primary injection signal to the signal input terminal of the primary device of the primary and secondary fusion equipment; simultaneously, start the coupling compensation device to apply the coupling compensation signal to the primary and secondary fusion connector cable through electromagnetic induction.

[0015] In this solution, by directly connecting the high-power electromagnetic pulse generator to the signal input terminal of the primary equipment, the primary injection signal is output according to the reference parameters, which can accurately simulate the direct effect of the high-power electromagnetic pulse on the primary equipment and ensure the accuracy of the primary injection. By placing the current coil of the coupling compensation device on the outside of the connector cable, the compensation signal is applied by electromagnetic induction, which does not damage the original communication link of the equipment and can accurately compensate for the coupling effect of the cable. The two work together to achieve primary and secondary coordinated injection, so that the high-power electromagnetic pulse acts synchronously on the primary equipment and the communication equipment, and the secondary equipment forms a coupling effect consistent with the actual working conditions, providing an electromagnetic environment that fits the reality for subsequent testing.

[0016] Preferably, in S4, the actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment are collected in real time, including the following steps: In the case of the core function of the secondary equipment being started and stopped in the primary and secondary fusion equipment, the current electromagnetic pulse electric field intensity, current coupling voltage and current high frequency pulse current at the signal input terminal of the secondary equipment are collected in real time, and the current voltage, current and signal fluctuation degree at the signal output terminal of the primary equipment are collected in real time. The current electromagnetic pulse electric field intensity, current coupling voltage, and current high-frequency pulse current at the signal input terminal of the secondary equipment, as well as the current voltage, current, and signal fluctuation level at the signal output terminal of the primary equipment, are used as the actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment.

[0017] This solution collects comprehensive operational parameters of both primary and secondary equipment under the on and off states of the secondary equipment's core functions. Using the functional state of the secondary equipment as the sole variable, the comparison of dual-state data accurately captures the differences in electromagnetic coupling under real-world operating conditions. This clarifies the impact of secondary function operation on coupling, allowing for consideration of the influence of secondary equipment's on- and off states on the collected parameters when assessing anti-interference capabilities, thus making the analysis more scientific and reliable. The collected parameters cover core dimensions such as electromagnetic pulses, voltage, current, and signal fluctuations. The data is comprehensive and highly comparable, providing solid quantitative data support for subsequent equipment response analysis and scientifically determining the equipment's resistance to strong electromagnetic pulses.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, in S4, the actual operating parameters are analyzed to determine the equipment response capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment against strong electromagnetic pulses, and the following steps are included: Compare the actual operating parameters of the same type under the conditions of starting and stopping the core functions of the secondary equipment in the primary and secondary fusion equipment to obtain the start-stop difference, start-stop increase ratio and transient change value as start-stop difference characteristics; The coupling compensation effect is judged based on the current coupling voltage and coupling compensation signal in the actual operating parameters, combined with the start-stop difference characteristics; If the coupling compensation is effective, then based on the current electromagnetic pulse electric field strength, the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are analyzed to determine whether they are abnormal and the fluctuation of the output signals of the primary and secondary equipment, combined with the start-stop difference characteristics. Based on the analysis results, the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is determined.

[0019] In this solution, by comparing similar parameters under the start-stop states of the core functions of secondary equipment, quantitative start-stop difference characteristics are extracted, providing a precise comparative basis for subsequent equipment response analysis and ensuring data support for the analysis process. First, the coupling compensation effect is judged based on coupling voltage, compensation signal, and difference characteristics to ensure that the electromagnetic environment detected closely matches the actual working conditions. Then, the equipment's immunity capability is assessed. The detection logic is rigorous and progressive. During the detection, the actual electromagnetic pulse electric field strength is used as a benchmark, and the core functions and signal fluctuations of the equipment are analyzed in combination with the difference characteristics. This allows for an accurate assessment of the equipment's resistance to strong electromagnetic pulses under actual working conditions. The conclusions are scientific and objective, avoiding subjective judgment.

[0020] Preferably, the coupling compensation effect is determined based on the current coupling voltage and coupling compensation signal in the actual operating parameters, combined with start-stop characteristics, including the following steps: Calculate the difference between the current coupling voltage and the coupling compensation signal when the core function of the secondary equipment is started and stopped. If the difference is less than or equal to the difference threshold in both cases, the coupling compensation is effective; otherwise, the coupling compensation is ineffective.

[0021] In this solution, the difference between the current coupling voltage and the coupling compensation signal is calculated under the dual states of start-stop of the core function of the secondary equipment. The difference threshold is used as the judgment standard to provide a quantitative basis for judging the coupling compensation effect, avoiding subjective judgment and making the results more accurate and objective. At the same time, relying on dual states rather than single states to verify the compensation effect can ensure that the coupling compensation is effective under different operating conditions of the secondary equipment, which is close to the actual operating scenario of the equipment and effectively eliminates the detection deviation caused by ineffective compensation. This lays a reliable analytical foundation for the subsequent scientific evaluation of the equipment's resistance to strong electromagnetic pulses.

[0022] As a preferred approach, the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are analyzed to determine whether they are abnormal, and the degree of fluctuation in the output signals of the primary and secondary equipment, based on the analysis results. The analysis includes the following steps: Using the start-stop difference characteristics as output signal compensation, if the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are normal, and the fluctuation of the output signals of the primary and secondary equipment is less than or equal to the fluctuation threshold, then it is determined that the strong electromagnetic pulse resistance threshold of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is greater than or equal to the current electromagnetic pulse electric field strength. If the signal output fluctuation of the primary and secondary devices is greater than the fluctuation threshold, it is determined that the primary and secondary fusion device can withstand the current electromagnetic pulse electric field intensity. If the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are abnormal, it is determined that the anti-interference capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is insufficient.

[0023] This solution effectively eliminates coupling interference caused by the start-stop difference characteristics as output signal compensation, thus more accurately reflecting the equipment's electromagnetic pulse immunity performance. By using a tiered judgment based on whether the core function is normal and whether the output signal fluctuation is below the threshold, the immunity assessment has clear and quantifiable standards, making the results objective and reliable. This allows for precise differentiation between three situations: equipment immunity threshold, tolerable strength, and insufficient immunity. It fully aligns with the actual operating conditions of primary and secondary fusion equipment, and the assessment logic is rigorous and based on sufficient evidence. It can accurately reflect the equipment's stability performance in strong electromagnetic pulse environments, providing scientific and reliable judgment support for equipment testing, selection, and optimization.

[0024] Secondly, one technical solution provided in this embodiment of the invention is: a primary and secondary equipment collaborative injection detection system under strong electromagnetic pulse, including a primary device under test, a communication device, a secondary device under test, a parameter calculation module, a strong electromagnetic pulse generator, a coupling compensation device, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and a protection module; The primary device under test and the corresponding secondary device under test are connected through the communication device to form a primary-secondary fusion device. The parameter calculation module determines the reference generation parameters based on the physical parameters of the primary and secondary fusion devices and in combination with the field line coupling mechanism, and determines the coupling compensation parameters based on the communication coupling parameters of the primary and secondary fusion devices and in combination with the coupling compensation mechanism. The high-intensity electromagnetic pulse generator starts by outputting a primary injection signal based on reference generation parameters and is coupled with the primary equipment of the primary and secondary fusion equipment. The coupling compensation device starts by outputting a coupling compensation signal based on the coupling compensation parameters and then couples with the communication device. The data acquisition module collects the actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment in real time. The analysis module performs equipment response analysis on actual operating parameters and determines the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment based on the analysis results. The protection module is located between the data acquisition module and the data processing module, and is used to protect the data processing module.

[0025] This solution integrates a corresponding system with the primary and secondary equipment collaborative injection detection method, enabling human-computer interaction and improving user experience. A protection module is also included, constructing a "real-time monitoring-rapid discharge" linkage protection mechanism to rapidly discharge strong electromagnetic pulse energy. This effectively solves the problem of vulnerability of backend data analysis and processing equipment in the detection system. Simultaneously, it records protective actions and equipment status data, ensuring the continuity, stability, and data integrity of the detection process while reducing detection costs.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By connecting primary and secondary devices into a fused device through communication equipment, and adopting a primary-secondary collaborative injection method to compensate for the coupling effect of the communication cable, the secondary devices form a coupling effect consistent with the actual working conditions. This eliminates the traditional separate detection mode and solves the problem of low reliability of detection results caused by coupling deviation in traditional detection. By collecting operating parameters in real time, the transient coupling response of the equipment is accurately captured, and the anti-interference capability of the equipment is scientifically determined by quantitative data. This can comprehensively reflect the actual anti-interference capability of the equipment and provide an effective reference for equipment optimization design and engineering application.

[0027] The above description of the invention is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 Flowchart of a method for coordinating primary and secondary equipment injection detection under strong electromagnetic pulses; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between various devices during secondary device collaborative injection detection according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the primary and secondary equipment collaborative injection detection system under strong electromagnetic pulses according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only one preferred embodiment of this invention and are only used to explain this invention. They do not limit the scope of protection of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0031] Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts describe the operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of the operations (or steps) can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. Furthermore, the order of the operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operation is completed, but it may also have additional steps not included in the figures; the process may correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subroutine, etc.

[0032] Example 1: To address the problem that existing electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing methods for primary and secondary equipment use separate testing, resulting in significant deviations between the coupled strong electromagnetic pulses (ESPs) and actual operating conditions, thus making it difficult for the test results to accurately reflect the equipment's immunity, this example provides a collaborative injection testing method for primary and secondary equipment under strong EMPs. Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1: Connect the primary device to be tested and the corresponding secondary device through a communication device to obtain a primary-secondary fusion device.

[0033] In this embodiment, a load parameter sensor is installed at the signal output terminal of the primary device to be tested, and an electric field sensor, a high-frequency current sensor, and a voltage sensor are installed at the signal input terminal of the secondary device to be tested; the load parameter sensor is used to collect voltage and current. The primary and secondary fusion device is formed by the communication connection between the primary device and the secondary device to be tested through their own inherent primary and secondary fusion connector cables.

[0034] This embodiment, by installing sensors for load parameters, electric fields, and high-frequency currents at key terminals of primary and secondary equipment, can collect core parameters of equipment operation and electromagnetic environment from all dimensions, providing accurate and comprehensive data support for parameter setting and response analysis of subsequent strong electromagnetic pulse detection. By using the equipment's own inherent primary and secondary integrated plug-in cable to achieve communication connection, the true integrated structure and communication link of the equipment are restored, thereby avoiding coupling deviations caused by external lines, conforming to actual working conditions, and laying a reliable hardware foundation for subsequent collaborative injection and coupling compensation.

[0035] S2: Determine the reference generation parameters based on the physical parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment and the field line coupling mechanism; determine the coupling compensation parameters based on the communication coupling parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment and the coupling compensation mechanism.

[0036] In this embodiment, the physical parameters include the pulse electric field intensity output by the high electromagnetic pulse generator, the effective coupling length of the primary and secondary fusion connector cable, and the coupling angle between the pulse electric field and the primary and secondary fusion connector cable; the determination of the reference generation parameters based on the physical parameters of the primary and secondary fusion device and in combination with the field line coupling mechanism includes the following steps: The field-line coupling equation is constructed with pulse electric field intensity, effective coupling length and coupling angle as independent variables and field coupling voltage to be applied on the primary and secondary fusion connector cable as dependent variable. The field coupling voltage is calculated based on the field-line coupling equation. The field coupling voltage is used as the target coupling voltage, and the corresponding pulse rise time, pulse duration, and pulse frequency distribution coverage are set as reference generation parameters.

[0037] Specifically, the formula for calculating the field coupling voltage is expressed as follows: ; in, This refers to the actual field coupling voltage on the primary and secondary fusion connector cable. As the true reference value for subsequent calculations of the induced voltage, E is the pulse electric field intensity output by the strong electromagnetic pulse generator, which is determined in advance before detection; L is the effective coupling length of the primary and secondary fusion connector cable. The coupling angle between the pulsed electric field and the primary / secondary fusion connector cable is taken in this embodiment. .

[0038] This embodiment determines the reference generation parameters based on the actual physical parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment, ensuring that the parameter settings are tailored to the equipment's characteristics, avoiding blind value selection, and guaranteeing compatibility with the tested equipment. Simultaneously, it constructs equations based on the field-line coupling mechanism and calculates the field coupling voltage as the target value, providing professional theoretical support for the determination of the reference generation parameters and thus improving parameter accuracy. Furthermore, it sets supporting parameters such as pulse rise edge and duration to match the environmental characteristics of real strong electromagnetic pulses, providing accurate and standardized parameter basis for the subsequent generation of the primary injection signal. This ensures that the primary and secondary coordinated injection can accurately simulate real working conditions and also clarifies the target reference for the coupling compensation stage, solidifying the scientific nature of the detection.

[0039] In this embodiment, the coupling compensation parameters are determined based on the communication coupling parameters of the primary and secondary fusion devices and in conjunction with the coupling compensation mechanism, including the following steps: The vacuum permeability, number of turns of the original coil, cross-sectional area of ​​the original coil, and length of the original coil of the coupling compensation device are obtained as communication coupling parameters. An equation for calculating induced voltage is constructed using the vacuum permeability, number of turns, cross-sectional area, and length of the current coil as independent variables and the induced voltage as the dependent variable. Using the induced voltage equal to the target coupling voltage as the coupling compensation target, the calculation equation of the induced voltage is solved to obtain the number of turns of the target coil, the cross-sectional area of ​​the target coil, and the length of the target coil as coupling compensation parameters.

[0040] Specifically, the process of calculating the induced voltage is as follows: A compensation pulse is injected via electromagnetic induction through the current coil of the coupling compensation device. This pulse works in conjunction with the primary injection pulse from the strong electromagnetic pulse generator. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the induced compensation voltage in the cable is: This is used to offset the coupling loss of the communication cable during the primary injection process, ensuring that the final coupling voltage of the secondary equipment is close to the true reference value, i.e., the true field coupling voltage. ; in, , , Where is the vacuum permeability, N is the number of turns of the coil, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the coil, and l is the length of the coil.

[0041] Pulse current change rate Calculation: In this embodiment, the coupling compensation device is a 100kV / 20ns pulse generator as an example, and the voltage amplitude of its output pulse is... Rise time Take the characteristic impedance of the cable ,get ; To ensure that the secondary equipment achieves a true strong electromagnetic pulse coupling effect after primary and secondary coordinated injection, the compensation voltage and the coupling loss voltage of the communication cable must have "equivalent amplitudes and opposite phases," that is... , The coupling loss voltage of the primary and secondary fusion connector cable is combined with the actual field coupling voltage. The final compensation matching condition is derived as follows: Substituting this into the aforementioned formula yields the equation for calculating the induced voltage. E is the pulse electric field intensity output by the high electromagnetic pulse generator, and L is the effective coupling length of the primary and secondary fusion connector cable.

[0042] This embodiment determines the coupling compensation parameters based on the actual communication coupling parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment, which aligns with the inherent characteristics of the equipment's communication link. This ensures that the compensation parameters are highly compatible with the tested equipment, avoiding any disconnect from actual operating conditions. Furthermore, by constructing an induced voltage calculation equation in conjunction with the coupling compensation mechanism, the parameter derivation is supported by professional electromagnetic theory, improving the accuracy of the compensation parameter calculation. By solving for the coil parameters with the induced voltage equal to the target coupling voltage as the core compensation objective, the compensation pulse can accurately offset the coupling loss and distortion of the communication cable, ensuring that the secondary equipment achieves a coupling effect consistent with real operating conditions. This provides key parameter support for the accurate realization of primary and secondary collaborative injection, guaranteeing the authenticity of subsequent test data.

[0043] S3: Based on the reference generation parameters, the high electromagnetic pulse generator is activated to obtain a primary injection signal; based on the coupling compensation parameters, the coupling compensation device is activated to obtain a coupling compensation signal; S4: Apply the primary injection signal and the coupling compensation signal simultaneously to the primary and secondary fusion equipment, and collect the actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment in real time; perform equipment response analysis on the actual operating parameters, and determine the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment based on the analysis results.

[0044] In this embodiment, the primary injection signal and the coupling compensation signal are simultaneously applied to the primary and secondary fusion device, including the following steps: Connect the pulse output terminal of the high electromagnetic pulse generator to the signal input terminal of the primary device in the primary and secondary fusion equipment. The current coil of the coupling compensation device is placed outside the cable of the primary and secondary fusion connector. Start the strong electromagnetic pulse generator to input the primary injection signal to the signal input terminal of the primary device of the primary and secondary fusion equipment; simultaneously, start the coupling compensation device to apply the coupling compensation signal to the primary and secondary fusion connector cable through electromagnetic induction.

[0045] Specifically, such as Figure 2The diagram shows the connection relationship between the primary and secondary fusion equipment, the high electromagnetic pulse generator, and the coupling compensation equipment during testing in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the primary equipment is a primary switch, and the secondary equipment is a feeder terminal unit. The high electromagnetic pulse generator is a 600kV / 10ns high electromagnetic pulse generator, whose output pulse current is injected into the tested primary and secondary fusion switch through the upper end of the primary switch body, serving as a primary pulse injection unit to simulate the direct effect of the high electromagnetic pulse on the primary equipment and provide a basic electromagnetic environment for the actual coupling of the secondary equipment. The coupling compensation equipment is a 100kV / 20ns high electromagnetic pulse generator, whose output pulse current is applied to the primary and secondary fusion connector cable through electromagnetic induction, serving as a communication cable coupling compensation unit to specifically compensate for the coupling loss and distortion of the high electromagnetic pulse on the cable, ensuring that the high electromagnetic pulse formed on the secondary equipment after primary and secondary collaborative injection is completely matched with the actual operating conditions.

[0046] The primary switch body and the feeder terminal unit (FTU) are connected via a primary-secondary fusion connector cable to achieve signal and power transmission between them, forming an integrated structure to obtain the tested primary-secondary fusion switch as a primary-secondary fusion device. An oscilloscope is connected to the corresponding part of the tested primary-secondary fusion switch through a voltage probe and a current coil to accurately acquire pulse current and voltage signals during the primary-secondary coordinated injection process, providing basic data for real-time monitoring of the equipment status. The automation master station is connected to the feeder terminal unit via a cable, using the DNP 3.0 or IEC 60870-5-104 standard communication protocol to monitor the working status of the feeder terminal unit and the primary and secondary equipment in real time, synchronously receiving and storing multi-parameter data to achieve real-time judgment of equipment operating status and electromagnetic coupling status, mainly used for data analysis and processing.

[0047] The protection capacitor is connected in series in the connection line between the automation master station backend and the feeder terminal unit. A low-value high-voltage ceramic capacitor of 1~100nF / 2KV is selected. One end is connected in series with the line, and the other end is connected to the grounding grid with a grounding resistance of no more than 4Ω through a grounding wire of no less than 4mm². When a high-frequency electromagnetic pulse signal attempts to intrude into the backend equipment, the protection capacitor is quickly broken down, realizing the rapid discharge of the pulse signal. At the same time, it triggers the master station backend to record the protection action in real time, forming a "protection-monitoring" linkage, which effectively protects the safety of the automation master station backend and other backend equipment.

[0048] This embodiment directly connects the high-power electromagnetic pulse generator to the signal input terminal of the primary equipment, outputting a primary injection signal according to reference parameters. This accurately simulates the direct effect of the high-power electromagnetic pulse on the primary equipment, ensuring the accuracy of the primary injection. By placing the current coil of the coupling compensation device outside the connector cable, a compensation signal is applied by electromagnetic induction. This does not damage the original communication link of the equipment, but accurately compensates for the coupling effect of the cable. The two work together to achieve primary and secondary coordinated injection, allowing the high-power electromagnetic pulse to act synchronously on the primary equipment and the communication equipment. This creates a coupling effect in the secondary equipment that is consistent with the actual working conditions, providing a realistic electromagnetic environment for subsequent testing.

[0049] In this embodiment, the real-time acquisition of actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment includes the following steps: In the case of the core function of the secondary equipment being started and stopped in the primary and secondary fusion equipment, the current electromagnetic pulse electric field intensity, current coupling voltage and current high frequency pulse current at the signal input terminal of the secondary equipment are collected in real time, and the current voltage, current and signal fluctuation degree at the signal output terminal of the primary equipment are collected in real time. The current electromagnetic pulse electric field intensity, current coupling voltage, and current high-frequency pulse current at the signal input terminal of the secondary equipment, as well as the current voltage, current, and signal fluctuation level at the signal output terminal of the primary equipment, are used as the actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment.

[0050] This embodiment collects full-dimensional operational parameters of primary and secondary equipment under both the on and off states of the secondary equipment's core functions. Using the functional state of the secondary equipment as the sole variable, the comparison of dual-state data accurately captures the differences in electromagnetic coupling under real-world operating conditions. This clarifies the impact of the secondary function's operation on coupling, allowing the analysis to consider the influence of the secondary equipment's on- and off states on the collected parameters when assessing anti-interference capabilities, thus making the analysis more scientific and reliable. The collected parameters cover core dimensions such as electromagnetic pulses, voltage, current, and signal fluctuations. The data is comprehensive and highly comparable, providing solid quantitative data support for subsequent equipment response analysis and scientifically determining the equipment's resistance to strong electromagnetic pulses.

[0051] In this embodiment, the device response is analyzed based on actual operating parameters, and the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is determined based on the analysis results, including the following steps: Compare the actual operating parameters of the same type under the conditions of starting and stopping the core functions of the secondary equipment in the primary and secondary fusion equipment to obtain the start-stop difference, start-stop increase ratio and transient change value as start-stop difference characteristics; The coupling compensation effect is judged based on the current coupling voltage and coupling compensation signal in the actual operating parameters, combined with the start-stop difference characteristics; If the coupling compensation is effective, then based on the current electromagnetic pulse electric field strength, the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are analyzed to determine whether they are abnormal and the fluctuation of the output signals of the primary and secondary equipment, combined with the start-stop difference characteristics. Based on the analysis results, the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is determined.

[0052] Specifically, taking a 10kV distribution network integrated primary and secondary pole-mounted switch as the test object, before testing, a ZW32-12F integrated primary and secondary pole-mounted switch was selected. Its internal vacuum circuit breaker (primary switch) was closed to ensure that the primary and secondary equipment formed a path through the RS-485 communication cable. A current and voltage combination sensor was installed at the output end of the primary switch, an electromagnetic pulse electric field sensor was installed at the signal input end of the secondary equipment, and a high-frequency current sensor was installed at the signal access end of the FTU to collect the operating parameters of the primary and secondary equipment and the strong electromagnetic pulse coupling data of the secondary equipment in real time. The FTU was selected as a distribution automation terminal with an Ethernet interface, and a connection was established with the main station SCADA system using the DNP 3.0 protocol to realize real-time data transmission and real-time monitoring of equipment status. A 10nF / 2KV ceramic protection capacitor was connected in series between the FTU Ethernet interface and the automation main station backend. The capacitor grounding end was connected to the grounding grid of the test site through a 4mm² grounding wire. The grounding resistance was tested to be 3.2Ω (≤4Ω), thus constructing a reliable "monitoring-protection" linkage path.

[0053] During the primary and secondary coordinated injection, a high-power microwave simulator (containing two strong electromagnetic pulse generators, 600kV / 10ns and 100kV / 20ns) was used to perform the primary and secondary coordinated injection operation to simulate a strong electromagnetic pulse environment. Based on the effective coupling length L=2m of the primary and secondary fusion connector cable of the tested switch, and according to the compensation matching conditions... The current coil parameters of the 100kV / 20ns generator were precisely adjusted: coil turns N=50 turns, coil cross-sectional area A=0.01m², coil length l=0.5m, ensuring accurate compensation for the coupling effect of the communication cable; the strong electromagnetic pulse parameters were set: electric field strength 10kV / m, rise time 5ns, duration 100μs, frequency distribution covering 0.01Hz-300MHz, simulating the characteristics of the early stage of high-altitude electromagnetic pulse environment; the simulator antenna direction was adjusted so that the pulse current of the 600kV / 10ns generator was injected through the upper end of the primary switch body (primary injection), and the pulse current of the 100kV / 20ns generator was coupled to the plug-in cable through the coil (compensation injection). Through synergy, the strong electromagnetic pulse signal simultaneously covered the overhead input end of the primary and secondary integrated switch and the secondary cable laying area, ensuring that the secondary equipment obtained a strong electromagnetic pulse coupling effect consistent with the actual working conditions.

[0054] During real-time data acquisition, the sampling frequency of the multi-parameter sensor was set to 2kHz (≥1kHz) to ensure accurate capture of the actual coupling transient signals of the secondary equipment. First, the FTU was set to the on state, and the strong electromagnetic pulse simulator was started to perform collaborative injection, collecting current, voltage, and electromagnetic pulse intensity data within 10 seconds, including primary equipment operation data, secondary equipment actual coupling data, and protection capacitor status data. The data was uploaded to the main station SCADA system in real time through the FTU. Then, the FTU was set to the off state, and the collaborative injection parameters such as electric field strength, rise time, and duration of the strong electromagnetic pulse were kept unchanged. The above experiment was repeated to collect 10 seconds of multi-parameter data to ensure the consistency of the test conditions for the two sets of data, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent comparative analysis.

[0055] During the experiment, when a strong electromagnetic pulse signal intruded through the FTU Ethernet interface, the 10nF / 2KV ceramic protection capacitor quickly turned on, rapidly discharging the pulse energy to the grounding grid. The real-time monitoring display of the main station SCADA system showed that the peak voltage at the input terminal of the automation main station was 3.8V (≤5V safety threshold), and no equipment alarms or damage occurred. At the same time, the system synchronously recorded that the discharge event occurred 20ns after the strong electromagnetic pulse was injected. At the corresponding moment, the current at the output terminal of the primary switch showed an instantaneous fluctuation of ±0.3A. The coupling pulse intensity of the secondary equipment fluctuated briefly before quickly returning to stability. The fluctuation amplitude was within the normal allowable range, verifying the effectiveness of the "monitoring-protection" linkage mechanism.

[0056] In the final result analysis, comparing the collected data under FTU on and off states: Under FTU on state, the secondary equipment can operate normally, and the average value of the actual strong electromagnetic pulse coupling intensity at the secondary equipment input is 8.5kV / m, compared to 6.3kV / m under off state, a 35% increase under on state. This indicates that the FTU operation enhances the coupling interference of the communication cable, verifying that the collaborative injection and compensation mode of this invention can accurately capture this actual coupling change. When a grounding capacitor discharge event occurs, the opening and closing coil current of the primary switch stabilizes at 1.2A±0.1A without abnormal fluctuations, and the coupling pulse intensity of the secondary equipment quickly recovers to stability, indicating that the core control function of the primary and secondary integrated switch is not affected by the strong electromagnetic pulse. In summary, this ZW32-12F primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted switch possesses a certain resistance to strong electromagnetic pulses (withstanding a strong electromagnetic pulse of 10kV / m). The primary and secondary collaborative injection mode of this invention can accurately simulate the actual coupling environment of the secondary equipment, the detection system provides effective protection, and the detection data is accurate and reliable.

[0057] This embodiment extracts quantified start-stop difference features by comparing similar parameters under the start-stop states of the core functions of secondary equipment, providing a precise comparative basis for subsequent equipment response analysis and ensuring data support for the analysis process. First, the coupling compensation effect is judged based on coupling voltage, compensation signal, and difference features to ensure that the detected electromagnetic environment closely matches real operating conditions. Then, the equipment's immunity capability is assessed. The detection logic is rigorous and progressive. During detection, the actual electromagnetic pulse electric field strength is used as a benchmark, combined with the analysis of difference features of the core functions and signal fluctuations of the equipment. This allows for accurate assessment of the equipment's resistance to strong electromagnetic pulses under real operating conditions, resulting in scientific and objective conclusions that avoid subjective judgment.

[0058] In this embodiment, the coupling compensation effect is determined based on the current coupling voltage and coupling compensation signal in the actual operating parameters, combined with start-stop characteristics, including the following steps: Calculate the difference between the current coupling voltage and the coupling compensation signal when the core function of the secondary equipment is started and stopped. If the difference is less than or equal to the difference threshold in both cases, the coupling compensation is effective; otherwise, the coupling compensation is ineffective.

[0059] This embodiment calculates the difference between the current coupling voltage and the coupling compensation signal under the dual states of start and stop of the core function of the secondary equipment, and uses the difference threshold as the judgment standard to provide a quantitative basis for judging the coupling compensation effect, avoiding subjective judgment and making the results more accurate and objective. At the same time, relying on dual states rather than single states to verify the compensation effect can ensure that the coupling compensation is effective under different operating conditions of the secondary equipment, which is close to the actual operating scenario of the equipment and effectively eliminates the detection deviation caused by ineffective compensation. This lays a reliable analytical foundation for the subsequent scientific evaluation of the equipment's resistance to strong electromagnetic pulses.

[0060] In this embodiment, the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are analyzed to determine whether they are abnormal, and the fluctuation of their output signals is assessed, based on the analysis results. The analysis includes the following steps: Using the start-stop difference characteristics as output signal compensation, if the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are normal, and the fluctuation of the output signals of the primary and secondary equipment is less than or equal to the fluctuation threshold, then it is determined that the strong electromagnetic pulse resistance threshold of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is greater than or equal to the current electromagnetic pulse electric field strength. If the signal output fluctuation of the primary and secondary devices is greater than the fluctuation threshold, it is determined that the primary and secondary fusion device can withstand the current electromagnetic pulse electric field intensity. If the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are abnormal, it is determined that the anti-interference capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is insufficient.

[0061] This embodiment uses start-stop difference characteristics as output signal compensation, which can effectively eliminate coupling interference caused by the start-stop of secondary equipment, and more realistically reflect the equipment's electromagnetic pulse immunity performance. By using the normality of core functions and whether the output signal fluctuation is below the threshold for hierarchical judgment, the anti-interference capability assessment has clear and quantitative standards, making the results objective and reliable. This allows for accurate differentiation between three situations: equipment anti-interference threshold, tolerable strength, and insufficient anti-interference capability. It fully conforms to the actual operating conditions of primary and secondary fusion equipment, and the assessment logic is rigorous and the basis is sufficient, which can truly reflect the stability performance of the equipment in a strong electromagnetic pulse environment, providing scientific and reliable judgment support for equipment testing, selection, and optimization.

[0062] Example 2: This example also provides a primary and secondary equipment collaborative injection detection system under strong electromagnetic pulses, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes a primary device under test, a communication device, a secondary device under test, a parameter calculation module, a high-power electromagnetic pulse generator, a coupling compensation device, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and a protection module; The primary device under test and the corresponding secondary device under test are connected through the communication device to form a primary-secondary fusion device. The parameter calculation module determines the reference generation parameters based on the physical parameters of the primary and secondary fusion devices and in combination with the field line coupling mechanism, and determines the coupling compensation parameters based on the communication coupling parameters of the primary and secondary fusion devices and in combination with the coupling compensation mechanism. The high-intensity electromagnetic pulse generator starts by outputting a primary injection signal based on reference generation parameters and is coupled with the primary equipment of the primary and secondary fusion equipment. The coupling compensation device starts by outputting a coupling compensation signal based on the coupling compensation parameters and then couples with the communication device. The data acquisition module collects the actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment in real time. The analysis module performs equipment response analysis on actual operating parameters and determines the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment based on the analysis results. The protection module is located between the data acquisition module and the data processing module, and is used to protect the data processing module.

[0063] This embodiment integrates the primary and secondary equipment collaborative injection detection method of this solution by constructing a corresponding system, realizing human-computer interaction and improving the user experience. Simultaneously, a protection module is set up, constructing a "real-time monitoring-rapid discharge" linkage protection mechanism to achieve rapid discharge of strong electromagnetic pulse energy. This effectively solves the problem of easy damage to the back-end data analysis and processing equipment of the detection system. At the same time, it can synchronously record protective actions and equipment status data, ensuring the continuity, stability, and data integrity of the detection process, and reducing detection costs.

[0064] As can be seen from the above embodiments, it has at least the following substantial effects: (1) This invention connects primary and secondary equipment into a fusion device through communication equipment, restores the physical and communication links of the actual operation of the equipment, abandons the traditional separate detection mode, and thus lays the foundation for detection that fits the real working conditions. (2) This invention determines two types of core parameters by combining the physical and communication coupling parameters of the device with field line coupling and coupling compensation mechanisms, so that the design of pulse generation and compensation parameters has both theoretical and practical support, thereby ensuring accurate adaptation; (3) The present invention compensates for the coupling effect of the communication cable by means of primary and secondary collaborative injection, so that the secondary equipment forms a coupling effect consistent with the actual working condition, which solves the problem of low reliability of detection results caused by coupling deviation in traditional detection. (4) This invention collects operating parameters in real time, accurately captures the transient coupling response of the equipment, provides reliable data for analysis, and then scientifically determines the anti-interference capability of the equipment through multi-dimensional equipment response analysis, so that the conclusion is supported by quantitative data, and provides an effective reference for subsequent equipment optimization design and engineering application.

[0065] The specific embodiments described above are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the specific scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, these specific embodiments. All equivalent changes made in accordance with the shape and structure of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated injection detection of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulse, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Connect the primary device to be tested and the corresponding secondary device through a communication device to obtain a primary and secondary fusion device; S2. Determine the reference generation parameters based on the physical parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment and in combination with the field line coupling mechanism; The coupling compensation parameters are determined based on the communication coupling parameters of the primary and secondary fusion devices and in combination with the coupling compensation mechanism. S3. Based on the reference generation parameters, start the strong electromagnetic pulse generator to obtain an injection signal; The coupling compensation device is activated based on the coupling compensation parameters to obtain the coupling compensation signal; S4. Apply the primary injection signal and the coupling compensation signal to the primary and secondary fusion equipment simultaneously, and collect the actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment in real time. The equipment response was analyzed based on the actual operating parameters, and the resistance to strong electromagnetic pulses of the primary and secondary fusion equipment was determined based on the analysis results.

2. The method for coordinated injection detection of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary device under test is equipped with a load parameter sensor at its signal output terminal, and the secondary device under test is equipped with an electric field sensor, a high-frequency current sensor, and a voltage sensor at its signal input terminal; the load parameter sensor is used to collect voltage and current. The primary and secondary fusion device is formed by the communication connection between the primary device and the secondary device to be tested through their own inherent primary and secondary fusion connector cables.

3. The method for coordinated injection detection of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulse according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S2, the physical parameters include the pulse electric field strength output by the high electromagnetic pulse generator, the effective coupling length of the primary and secondary fusion connector cable, and the coupling angle between the pulse electric field and the primary and secondary fusion connector cable; the determination of the reference generation parameters based on the physical parameters of the primary and secondary fusion device and in combination with the field line coupling mechanism includes the following steps: The field-line coupling equation is constructed with pulse electric field intensity, effective coupling length and coupling angle as independent variables and field coupling voltage to be applied on the primary and secondary fusion connector cable as dependent variable. The field coupling voltage is calculated based on the field-line coupling equation. The field coupling voltage is used as the target coupling voltage, and the corresponding pulse rise time, pulse duration, and pulse frequency distribution coverage are set as reference generation parameters.

4. The method for coordinated injection detection of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulse according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S2, the coupling compensation parameters are determined based on the communication coupling parameters of the primary and secondary fusion devices and in conjunction with the coupling compensation mechanism, including the following steps: The vacuum permeability, number of turns of the original coil, cross-sectional area of ​​the original coil, and length of the original coil of the coupling compensation device are obtained as communication coupling parameters. An equation for calculating induced voltage is constructed using the vacuum permeability, number of turns, cross-sectional area, and length of the current coil as independent variables and the induced voltage as the dependent variable. Using the induced voltage equal to the target coupling voltage as the coupling compensation target, the calculation equation of the induced voltage is solved to obtain the number of turns of the target coil, the cross-sectional area of ​​the target coil, and the length of the target coil as coupling compensation parameters.

5. The method for coordinated injection detection of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulse according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S4, the primary injection signal and the coupling compensation signal are simultaneously applied to the primary and secondary fusion device, including the following steps: Connect the pulse output terminal of the high electromagnetic pulse generator to the signal input terminal of the primary device in the primary and secondary fusion equipment. The current coil of the coupling compensation device is placed outside the cable of the primary and secondary fusion connector. Start the strong electromagnetic pulse generator to input the primary injection signal to the signal input terminal of the primary device of the primary and secondary fusion equipment; simultaneously, start the coupling compensation device to apply the coupling compensation signal to the primary and secondary fusion connector cable through electromagnetic induction.

6. The method for coordinated injection detection of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulse according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S4, the actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment are collected in real time, including the following steps: In the case of the core function of the secondary equipment being started and stopped in the primary and secondary fusion equipment, the current electromagnetic pulse electric field intensity, current coupling voltage and current high frequency pulse current at the signal input terminal of the secondary equipment are collected in real time, and the current voltage, current and signal fluctuation degree at the signal output terminal of the primary equipment are collected in real time. The current electromagnetic pulse electric field intensity, current coupling voltage, and current high-frequency pulse current at the signal input terminal of the secondary equipment, as well as the current voltage, current, and signal fluctuation level at the signal output terminal of the primary equipment, are used as the actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment.

7. The method for coordinated injection detection of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulse according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S4, equipment response analysis is performed on actual operating parameters. Based on the analysis results, the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is determined, including the following steps: Compare the actual operating parameters of the same type under the conditions of starting and stopping the core functions of the secondary equipment in the primary and secondary fusion equipment to obtain the start-stop difference, start-stop increase ratio and transient change value as start-stop difference characteristics; The coupling compensation effect is judged based on the current coupling voltage and coupling compensation signal in the actual operating parameters, combined with the start-stop difference characteristics; If the coupling compensation is effective, then based on the current electromagnetic pulse electric field strength, the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are analyzed to determine whether they are abnormal and the fluctuation of the output signals of the primary and secondary equipment, combined with the start-stop difference characteristics. Based on the analysis results, the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is determined.

8. The method for coordinated injection detection of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The effectiveness of coupling compensation is determined based on the current coupling voltage and coupling compensation signal in the actual operating parameters, combined with start-stop characteristics. This includes the following steps: Calculate the difference between the current coupling voltage and the coupling compensation signal when the core function of the secondary equipment is started and stopped. If the difference is less than or equal to the difference threshold in both cases, the coupling compensation is effective; otherwise, the coupling compensation is ineffective.

9. The method for coordinated injection detection of primary and secondary equipment under strong electromagnetic pulse according to claim 7, characterized in that: By combining start-up and shutdown difference characteristics to analyze whether the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are abnormal and the degree of fluctuation of the output signals of the primary and secondary equipment, the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is determined based on the analysis results, including the following steps: Using the start-stop difference characteristics as output signal compensation, if the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are normal, and the fluctuation of the output signals of the primary and secondary equipment is less than or equal to the fluctuation threshold, then it is determined that the strong electromagnetic pulse resistance threshold of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is greater than or equal to the current electromagnetic pulse electric field strength. If the signal output fluctuation of the primary and secondary devices is greater than the fluctuation threshold, it is determined that the primary and secondary fusion device can withstand the current electromagnetic pulse electric field intensity. If the core functions of the primary and secondary equipment are abnormal, it is determined that the anti-interference capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment is insufficient.

10. A system for detecting the coordinated injection of primary and secondary equipment under a strong electromagnetic pulse, applicable to the method for detecting the coordinated injection of primary and secondary equipment under a strong electromagnetic pulse as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: It includes the primary device under test, communication equipment, secondary device under test, parameter calculation module, high electromagnetic pulse generator, coupling compensation device, data acquisition module, data processing module and protection module; The primary device under test and the corresponding secondary device under test are connected through the communication device to form a primary-secondary fusion device. The parameter calculation module determines the reference generation parameters based on the physical parameters of the primary and secondary fusion devices and in combination with the field line coupling mechanism, and determines the coupling compensation parameters based on the communication coupling parameters of the primary and secondary fusion devices and in combination with the coupling compensation mechanism. The high-intensity electromagnetic pulse generator starts by outputting a primary injection signal based on reference generation parameters and is coupled with the primary equipment of the primary and secondary fusion equipment. The coupling compensation device starts by outputting a coupling compensation signal based on the coupling compensation parameters and then couples with the communication device. The data acquisition module collects the actual operating parameters of the primary and secondary fusion equipment in real time. The data processing module performs equipment response analysis on actual operating parameters and determines the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse capability of the primary and secondary fusion equipment based on the analysis results. The protection module is located between the data acquisition module and the data processing module, and is used to protect the data processing module.

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