A method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for GIS power source positioning.

Abstract

This application discloses a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for locating discharge sources in a GIS (Gas-Insulated Switchgear). The method and apparatus are applied to an electronic device for accurately locating the discharge source of partial discharge in a GIS. Specifically, it involves acquiring ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals from built-in 100MHz sensors at both ends of the GIS's test line; determining a first node and a second node, along with their reference waveforms, based on the signal amplitude; selecting multiple reference positions along the test line; processing the reference waveform of the first node based on a propagation attenuation delay model to generate hypothetical waveforms for each reference position; sequentially matching each set of hypothetical waveforms with the reference waveform of the second node to obtain a comprehensive similarity score for each reference position; and determining the location of the discharge source based on the distribution of the comprehensive similarity scores, thereby completing the location of the discharge source. This application achieves accurate location of the discharge source through the construction of a two-dimensional reference waveform and full waveform hypothetical matching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of online monitoring technology for high-voltage power equipment, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for locating discharge sources in a GIS. Background Technology

[0002] Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS) is a core piece of equipment in the high-voltage transmission and distribution links of power systems. Internal insulation defects can trigger partial discharges, which, over time, can lead to insulation degradation and even breakdown accidents. Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) partial discharge detection has become the mainstream monitoring method in the industry due to its high sensitivity, strong anti-interference ability, and good real-time performance.

[0003] Discharge source location is a key function of condition monitoring, which can significantly shorten maintenance time and reduce power outage losses. However, the traditional amplitude positioning method can only qualitatively determine the location. It is greatly affected by signal attenuation, noise, and equipment structure, resulting in low positioning accuracy and the inability to obtain the precise location of the discharge source. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a method, apparatus, electronic device and storage medium for locating the discharge source of GIS, for accurately locating the discharge source of partial discharge in GIS, so as to avoid blindly opening the cover for maintenance and fundamentally shorten the power outage maintenance time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the following solution is proposed:

[0006] A method for locating discharge sources in GIS (Gas Insulation System), applied to electronic equipment, for accurately locating the discharge sources of partial discharge in GIS, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] The ultra-high frequency signals of the built-in 100-megabit level sensors at both ends of the line under test of the GIS are collected. The first node and the second node are determined from the two ends based on their signal amplitudes. The reference waveforms of the first node and the second node are constructed based on the ultra-high frequency signals.

[0008] Multiple reference positions are selected along the line to be tested. Based on the propagation attenuation time delay model, the reference waveform of the first node is subjected to time delay shifting, amplitude correction, grayscale transformation and feature merging processing to generate the hypothetical waveforms of each reference position.

[0009] Each set of hypothetical waveforms is sequentially matched with the reference waveform of the second node to obtain the comprehensive similarity for each reference position.

[0010] The location of the discharge source is determined based on the distribution of the comprehensive similarity.

[0011] Optionally, both the reference waveform and the hypothetical waveform include a short-time waveform and a long-time waveform, wherein the short-time waveform is based on a pulse sequence-enhanced signal and the long-time waveform is based on a pulse interval distribution grayscale image.

[0012] Optionally, the step of acquiring ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals from the built-in 100-megabit level sensors at both ends of the GIS line under test, determining the first node and the second node from the two ends based on their signal amplitude, and constructing reference waveforms for the first node and the second node based on the UHF signals includes the following steps:

[0013] Acquire the two ultra-high frequency signals;

[0014] The signal amplitudes of the two UHF signals are compared, and the generation end of the UHF signal with the higher amplitude is taken as the first node, and the other end is taken as the second node.

[0015] Based on the ultra-high frequency signal, waveforms are constructed to obtain the reference waveform of the first node and the reference waveform of the second node.

[0016] Optionally, the step of selecting multiple reference positions along the line under test, and performing time delay shifting, amplitude correction, grayscale transformation, and feature merging processing on the reference waveform of the first node based on the propagation attenuation time delay model to generate hypothetical waveforms for each of the reference positions includes the following steps:

[0017] Based on the propagation attenuation delay model, the short-time waveform of the reference waveform is processed by delay shifting and amplitude correction based on the distance between each reference position and the first node, so as to obtain the short-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform corresponding to the reference position.

[0018] Based on the propagation attenuation delay model, the long-time waveform of the reference waveform is subjected to grayscale transformation and feature merging processing for the distance between each reference position and the first node, so as to obtain the long-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform at the reference position.

[0019] Optionally, the step of sequentially matching each set of hypothetical waveforms with the reference waveform of the second node to obtain the comprehensive similarity for each reference position includes the following steps:

[0020] Calculate the first similarity between the short-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform at each of the reference positions and the short-time waveform of the reference waveform at the second node;

[0021] Calculate the second similarity between the long-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform at each of the reference positions and the long-time waveform of the reference waveform at the second node;

[0022] The first similarity and the second similarity are weighted and fused to obtain the comprehensive similarity.

[0023] Optional steps may also be included:

[0024] By transmitting a steep pulse signal to the GIS pouring port, and calculating based on the UHF signals collected from the first node and the second node, theoretical positioning data is obtained. Based on the theoretical positioning data and the actual position of the pouring port, a calibration coefficient is calculated, and the position of the discharge power source is corrected based on the calibration coefficient.

[0025] Optional steps may also be included:

[0026] By transmitting pulse signals to the GIS's built-in megabit-level sensors and the pouring inlet, the differences in waveforms from neighboring sensors at the same time are collected and compared, and the propagation attenuation delay model is constructed based on these differences.

[0027] A discharge source locating device for GIS, applied in electronic equipment, for accurately locating the discharge source of partial discharge in GIS, the discharge source locating device comprising:

[0028] The reference waveform construction module is configured to acquire ultra-high frequency signals from the built-in 100-megabit level sensors at both ends of the line under test of the GIS, determine the first node and the second node from the two ends based on their signal amplitude, and construct the reference waveform of the first node and the reference waveform of the second node based on the ultra-high frequency signals.

[0029] The hypothetical waveform generation module is configured to select multiple reference positions along the line under test, and perform time delay shifting, amplitude correction, grayscale transformation and feature merging processing on the reference waveform of the first node based on the propagation attenuation time delay model to generate hypothetical waveforms at each of the reference positions.

[0030] The similarity calculation module is configured to sequentially match each set of hypothetical waveforms with the reference waveform of the second node to obtain the comprehensive similarity for each reference position.

[0031] The positioning execution module is configured to determine the location of the discharge power source based on the distribution of the comprehensive similarity.

[0032] Optional, also includes:

[0033] The positioning correction module is configured to transmit a steep pulse signal to the GIS pouring port, calculate theoretical positioning data based on UHF signals collected from the first node and the second node, calculate a calibration coefficient based on the theoretical positioning data and the actual position of the pouring port, and perform result correction processing on the position of the discharge power source based on the calibration coefficient.

[0034] Optional, also includes:

[0035] The model building module is configured to acquire and compare the differences in waveforms of adjacent sensors at the same time by transmitting pulse signals to the built-in megabit-level sensors and the pouring port of the GIS, and to build the propagation attenuation delay model based on the differences.

[0036] An electronic device includes at least one processor and a memory connected to the processor, wherein:

[0037] The memory is used to store computer programs or instructions;

[0038] The processor is used to execute the computer program or instructions to enable the electronic device to implement the discharge power positioning method as described above.

[0039] A computer-readable storage medium is applied to an electronic device, the storage medium carrying one or more computer programs that can be executed by the electronic device to enable the electronic device to perform the discharge power positioning method as described above.

[0040] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application discloses a method, device, electronic device, and storage medium for locating discharge sources in GIS. This method and device are applied to electronic devices for precise location of partial discharge sources in GIS. Specifically, it involves acquiring ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals from built-in 100MHz sensors at both ends of the GIS's test line, determining a first node and a second node from the two ends based on their signal amplitude, and constructing reference waveforms for the first and second nodes based on the UHF signals. Multiple reference positions are selected along the test line, and the reference waveforms of the first node are processed by time delay shifting, amplitude correction, grayscale transformation, and feature merging based on a propagation attenuation delay model to generate hypothetical waveforms for each reference position. Each set of hypothetical waveforms is sequentially matched with the reference waveform of the second node to obtain a comprehensive similarity for each reference position. The location of the discharge source is determined based on the distribution of the comprehensive similarity, thus completing the location of the discharge source. This application, through the construction of dual-dimensional reference waveforms and the realization of full-waveform hypothetical matching based on a propagation attenuation delay model, fundamentally overcomes the problem of existing amplitude methods being greatly affected by signal attenuation, noise, and equipment structure, achieving precise location of the discharge source. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a GIS discharge source location method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of a short-time reference waveform according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of a long-time reference waveform according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another GIS discharge source positioning method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of single measurement statistics in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram illustrating the frequency-weighted averaging of attenuation data in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a GIS discharge power source positioning device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of another GIS discharge power source positioning device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of another GIS discharge power source positioning device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] To address the problem of existing technologies being unable to accurately locate the source of partial discharge in GIS (Gas Insulation System), this application proposes the following solution to achieve precise location of the discharge source, thereby avoiding blindly opening the cover for inspection during maintenance and fundamentally shortening power outage maintenance time. Partial discharge refers to an electrical discharge where the insulation between conductors is only partially bridged. This discharge can occur near the conductor or not. It can occur inside GIS of all voltage levels. The specific solution is as follows:

[0054] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a GIS discharge source location method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the discharge source location method provided in this embodiment is applied to electronic equipment, used for location based on the ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals collected by built-in 100MHz sensors at both ends of the line under test in a GIS system. This electronic equipment can be understood as a computer, server, or cloud platform with data computing and information processing capabilities. UHF signals refer to radio waves with a wavelength range of 1m to 1dm and a frequency of 300 to 3000MHz, commonly used in mobile communications. Partial discharge phenomena can also excite UHF signals. The discharge source location method specifically includes the following steps:

[0056] S1. Collect the ultra-high frequency signals from the built-in 100-megabit level sensors at both ends of the line under test in the GIS, and construct the reference waveforms of the first node and the second node based on the ultra-high frequency signals.

[0057] Specifically, the system synchronously acquires ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals from the built-in 100MHz sensors at both ends of the GIS line under test. Based on these UHF signals, a 10ns-level resolution time-domain waveform is plotted. The amplitudes of the two signals are then compared, with the end with the larger amplitude designated as the first node and the other end with the smaller amplitude designated as the second node. A reference waveform for the first node is constructed based on its UHF signal, and a reference waveform for the second node is constructed based on its UHF signal. Each reference waveform includes both short-time and long-time waveforms. Specifically, the reference waveforms are constructed through the following steps:

[0058] Using the highest pulse moment of the first node as the reference moment, 1μs segments are extracted before and after the time-domain waveforms of the first and second nodes, respectively. A 10-fold resolution upscaling is then performed using cubic polynomial interpolation to obtain the short-time waveform of the reference waveform, as shown below. Figure 2a As shown; 100μs segments are extracted from the waveform before and after, and the 500 pulses with the highest amplitude among the neighborhood maxima are selected. The grayscale is determined by the pulse amplitude, and the column height is determined by the time interval between adjacent pulses to construct a pulse interval sequence diagram, thus obtaining the long-time waveform of the reference waveform, as shown. Figure 2b As shown.

[0059] S2. Select multiple reference positions along the line to be tested, process the reference waveform of the first node based on the propagation attenuation time delay model, and generate the hypothetical waveforms of each reference position.

[0060] The hypothetical waveforms in this application include a short-time waveform corresponding to the short-time waveform of the reference waveform and a long-time waveform corresponding to the long-time waveform of the reference waveform. When generating the hypothetical waveforms, multiple reference positions are selected along the line under test, starting from the first node. Based on these, the hypothetical waveform at each reference position is calculated. The specific process is as follows:

[0061] Starting from the first node, a reference position is selected at regular intervals along the line under test, such as 30cm. Each reference position is used as the hypothetical power supply position. Based on the pre-built propagation attenuation time delay model, the reference waveform of the first node is processed to generate the hypothetical waveforms corresponding to each reference position, that is, the short-time waveform and long-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform are generated.

[0062] On the one hand, for the short-time waveform of the reference waveform, pulses with amplitudes in the top 30% and higher than -70dBm are selected as non-noise-floor pulses. The time delay shift Δt is obtained by calculating the distance difference from the reference position to the first node and the second node according to the following formula:

[0063] Δt=(L1-L2) / c,

[0064] Where L1 is the distance between the reference position and the first node, L2 is the distance between the reference position and the second node, c is the speed of light, and Δt represents the time difference between the arrival of the same pulse at different measurement points.

[0065] Then, the sum of attenuations of each component along the path is calculated using the following formula to obtain the amplitude correction ΔV:

[0066] ,

[0067] in, This is the sum of the expected attenuation values ​​of all components between the reference position and the first node. This is the sum of the expected attenuation values ​​of all components between the reference position and the second node. The expected attenuation value of the component is obtained by querying the propagation attenuation delay model.

[0068] After obtaining the aforementioned time delay shift and amplitude correction, the short-time waveform of the reference waveform at the first node is processed, that is, the short-time waveform is subjected to time delay shift and amplitude correction to obtain the short-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform at the corresponding reference position.

[0069] On the other hand, for the long-time waveform of the reference waveform, the path attenuation sum is calculated according to the following formula. Total attenuation throughout the entire process The summation is calculated to obtain the grayscale transformation amount ΔG:

[0070] ,

[0071] Based on ΔG, the amplitude is lower than the noise threshold V. th =V th The -10dB pulse is determined as the noise floor, and cylinder merging is performed to obtain the long-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform at the corresponding reference position.

[0072] S3. Match each set of hypothetical waveforms with the reference waveform of the second node in turn to obtain the comprehensive similarity of each reference position.

[0073] Specifically, the hypothetical waveform is matched with the baseline waveform at the second node in a multi-dimensional manner to obtain a comprehensive similarity score. This involves matching the short-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform with the short-time waveform of the baseline waveform at the second node, removing the first and last 0.5 μs segments, and then calculating the sequence correlation coefficient to obtain the first similarity score r. A The long-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform is matched with the long-time waveform of the reference waveform at the second node, and the correlation coefficient of their Hu invariant moments is calculated to obtain the second similarity r. B The first and second similarities are weighted and fused to obtain the similarity r' = r A +r B .

[0074] The similarity is further normalized using the following formula to obtain the normalized similarity R. N :

[0075] R N =(r' N -r' min ) / (r ’max -r' min ),

[0076] The normalized similarity is then weighted by neighborhood according to the following formula:

[0077] R' N =0.1×R N-2 +0.2×R N-1 +0.4×R N +0.2×R N+1 +0.1×R N+2 The final comprehensive similarity R' used for localization is obtained. N .

[0078] S4. Determine the location of the power source based on the distribution of the comprehensive similarity.

[0079] By iterating through the multiple comprehensive similarities mentioned above, a similarity distribution histogram is plotted. The reference position corresponding to the maximum comprehensive similarity is determined through this similarity distribution histogram. This reference position can be determined as the location of the discharge source of the partial discharge in the GIS, thus completing the location of the discharge source.

[0080] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application provides a method for locating discharge sources in GIS (Geographic Information System). This method is applied to electronic equipment for precise location of discharge sources in GIS partial discharge. Specifically, it involves acquiring ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals from built-in 100-megabit sensors at both ends of the GIS's test line, determining a first node and a second node from the two ends based on their signal amplitude, and constructing reference waveforms for the first and second nodes based on the UHF signals. Multiple reference positions are selected along the test line, and the reference waveforms of the first node are processed by time delay shifting, amplitude correction, grayscale transformation, and feature merging based on a propagation attenuation delay model to generate hypothetical waveforms for each reference position. Each set of hypothetical waveforms is sequentially matched with the reference waveform of the second node to obtain the comprehensive similarity for each reference position. The location of the discharge source is determined based on the distribution of the comprehensive similarity, thus completing the location of the discharge source. This application, through the construction of dual-dimensional reference waveforms and the realization of full waveform hypothetical matching based on a propagation attenuation delay model, fundamentally overcomes the problem of existing amplitude methods being greatly affected by signal attenuation, noise, and equipment structure, achieving precise location of the discharge source.

[0081] In one specific embodiment of this application, the following steps are also included, as detailed below. Figure 3 As shown:

[0082] S5. Use the pouring gate for calibration and correct the positioning results.

[0083] Specifically, a steep pulse signal is emitted to the pot-type insulator with a casting port between the first and second nodes, and then the above steps S1 to S4 are repeated to obtain the theoretical positioning data of the casting port; then, the actual positioning data d of the casting port is divided by the theoretical calculated distance d' to obtain the calibration coefficient a = d / d'; then, the calibration coefficient is used to correct the preliminary positioning result of the discharge power source to obtain the final positioning distance l = l' × a, where l' is the preliminary positioning distance, and the final accurate positioning result is output after correction.

[0084] In another specific embodiment of this application, the following step is also included, which is used to establish a propagation attenuation delay model. The specific process is as follows:

[0085] First, a standard pulse signal is transmitted to each of the 100-megabit level sensors or the casting port of the basin insulator built into the GIS using a digital partial discharge simulation device; then, a partial discharge monitoring device equipped with a 100-megabit sampling rate AD converter is used to collect and compare the waveform differences of adjacent sensors at the same time, and a three-dimensional histogram of the attenuation law of the partial discharge signal through various components is plotted to form the propagation attenuation time delay model.

[0086] These components include circuit breakers, disconnectors, basin insulators, line bends, line branches, and other structures that absorb and reflect signals during transmission. The attenuation law uses the pulse amplitude V and the time difference t' relative to the reference time as independent variables, and the amplitude attenuation ΔV as the dependent variable, statistically analyzing all waveform sampling points, such as... Figure 4a As shown, the attenuation data under the same independent variable conditions are weighted by frequency to obtain Δ. (V, t'), such as Figure 4b As shown, a three-dimensional histogram is constructed based on this, providing a quantitative basis for subsequent time delay shifting, amplitude correction, and grayscale transformation.

[0087] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0088] Although the operations are described in a specific order, this should not be construed as requiring these operations to be performed in the specific order shown or in a sequential order. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.

[0089] It should be understood that the steps described in the method embodiments of this disclosure may be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. Furthermore, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of this disclosure is not limited in this respect.

[0090] Computer program code for performing the operations of this disclosure can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including but not limited to object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer.

[0091] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a GIS discharge power positioning device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0092] like Figure 5 As shown, the discharge source positioning device provided in this embodiment is applied to electronic equipment for positioning based on ultra-high frequency signals collected by built-in 100-megabit level sensors at both ends of the line under test in a GIS. This electronic equipment can be understood as a computer, server, or cloud platform with data computing and information processing capabilities. The discharge source positioning device specifically includes a reference waveform construction module 10, a hypothetical waveform generation module 20, a similarity calculation module 30, and a positioning execution module 40.

[0093] The reference waveform construction module is used to collect ultra-high frequency signals from the built-in 100-megabit level sensors at both ends of the GIS line under test, and to construct the reference waveforms of the first node and the second node based on the ultra-high frequency signals.

[0094] Specifically, the system synchronously acquires ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals from the built-in 100MHz sensors at both ends of the GIS line under test. Based on these UHF signals, a 10ns-level resolution time-domain waveform is plotted. The amplitudes of the two signals are then compared, and the end with the larger amplitude is designated as the first node, and the other end with the smaller amplitude as the second node. A reference waveform for the first node is constructed based on its UHF signal, and a reference waveform for the second node is constructed based on its UHF signal. Each reference waveform includes both short-time and long-time waveforms. Specifically, the reference waveforms are constructed through the following steps:

[0095] Using the highest pulse moment of the first node as the reference moment, 1μs segments are extracted before and after the time-domain waveforms of the first and second nodes, respectively. A 10-fold resolution upscaling is then performed using cubic polynomial interpolation to obtain the short-time waveform of the reference waveform, as shown below. Figure 2aAs shown; 100μs segments are extracted from the waveform before and after, and the 500 pulses with the highest amplitude among the neighborhood maxima are selected. The grayscale is determined by the pulse amplitude, and the column height is determined by the time interval between adjacent pulses to construct a pulse interval sequence diagram, thus obtaining the long-time waveform of the reference waveform, as shown. Figure 2b As shown.

[0096] The hypothetical waveform generation module is used to select multiple reference positions along the line under test, process the reference waveform of the first node based on the propagation attenuation time delay model, and generate hypothetical waveforms for each reference position.

[0097] The hypothetical waveforms in this application include a short-time waveform corresponding to the short-time waveform of the reference waveform and a long-time waveform corresponding to the long-time waveform of the reference waveform. When generating the hypothetical waveforms, multiple reference positions are selected along the line under test, starting from the first node. Based on these, the hypothetical waveform at each reference position is calculated. The specific process is as follows:

[0098] Starting from the first node, a reference position is selected at regular intervals along the line under test, such as 30cm. Each reference position is used as the hypothetical power supply position. Based on the pre-built propagation attenuation time delay model, the reference waveform of the first node is processed to generate the hypothetical waveforms corresponding to each reference position, that is, the short-time waveform and long-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform are generated.

[0099] On the one hand, for the short-time waveform of the reference waveform, pulses with amplitudes in the top 30% and higher than -70dBm are selected as non-noise-floor pulses. The time delay shift Δt is obtained by calculating the distance difference from the reference position to the first node and the second node according to the following formula:

[0100] Δt=(L1-L2) / c,

[0101] Where L1 is the distance between the reference position and the first node, L2 is the distance between the reference position and the second node, c is the speed of light, and Δt represents the time difference between the arrival of the same pulse at different measurement points.

[0102] Then, the sum of attenuations of each component along the path is calculated using the following formula to obtain the amplitude correction ΔV:

[0103] ,

[0104] in, This is the sum of the expected attenuation values ​​of all components between the reference position and the first node. This is the sum of the expected attenuation values ​​of all components between the reference position and the second node. The expected attenuation value of the component is obtained by querying the propagation attenuation delay model.

[0105] After obtaining the aforementioned time delay shift and amplitude correction, the short-time waveform of the reference waveform at the first node is processed, that is, the short-time waveform is subjected to time delay shift and amplitude correction to obtain the short-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform at the corresponding reference position.

[0106] On the other hand, for the long-time waveform of the reference waveform, the path attenuation sum is calculated according to the following formula. Total attenuation throughout the entire process The summation is calculated to obtain the grayscale transformation amount ΔG:

[0107] ,

[0108] Based on ΔG, the amplitude is lower than the noise threshold V. th =V th The -10dB pulse is determined as the noise floor, and cylinder merging is performed to obtain the long-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform at the corresponding reference position.

[0109] The similarity calculation module is used to match each set of hypothetical waveforms with the reference waveform of the second node in turn to obtain the comprehensive similarity for each reference position.

[0110] Specifically, the hypothetical waveform is matched with the baseline waveform at the second node in a multi-dimensional manner to obtain a comprehensive similarity score. This involves matching the short-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform with the short-time waveform of the baseline waveform at the second node, removing the first and last 0.5 μs segments, and then calculating the sequence correlation coefficient to obtain the first similarity score r. A The long-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform is matched with the long-time waveform of the reference waveform at the second node, and the correlation coefficient of their Hu invariant moments is calculated to obtain the second similarity r. B The first and second similarities are weighted and fused to obtain the similarity r' = r A +r B .

[0111] The similarity is further normalized using the following formula to obtain the normalized similarity R. N :

[0112] R N =(r' N -r' min ) / (r ’max -r' min ),

[0113] The normalized similarity is then weighted by neighborhood according to the following formula:

[0114] R' N =0.1×R N-2 +0.2×R N-1 +0.4×R N+0.2×R N+1 +0.1×R N+2 The final comprehensive similarity R' used for localization is obtained. N .

[0115] The positioning execution module is used to determine the location of the power source based on the distribution of comprehensive similarity.

[0116] By iterating through the multiple comprehensive similarities mentioned above, a similarity distribution histogram is plotted. The reference position corresponding to the maximum comprehensive similarity is determined through this similarity distribution histogram. This reference position can be determined as the location of the discharge source of the partial discharge in the GIS, thus completing the location of the discharge source.

[0117] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application provides a GIS discharge source positioning device. This device is applied to electronic equipment for precise positioning of the discharge source of partial discharge in GIS. Specifically, it collects ultra-high frequency signals from built-in 100-megabit level sensors at both ends of the GIS test line. Based on the signal amplitude, it determines a first node and a second node from the two ends, and constructs reference waveforms for the first node and the second node based on the ultra-high frequency signals. Multiple reference positions are selected along the test line. Based on the propagation attenuation time delay model, the reference waveform of the first node is subjected to time delay shifting, amplitude correction, grayscale transformation, and feature merging processing to generate hypothetical waveforms for each reference position. Each set of hypothetical waveforms is sequentially matched with the reference waveform of the second node to obtain the comprehensive similarity for each reference position. The position of the discharge source is determined based on the distribution of the comprehensive similarity, thereby completing the positioning of the discharge source. This application, through the construction of dual-dimensional reference waveforms and the realization of full waveform hypothetical matching based on the propagation attenuation time delay model, fundamentally overcomes the problem of existing amplitude methods being greatly affected by signal attenuation, noise, and equipment structure, and achieves precise positioning of the discharge source.

[0118] In one specific embodiment of this application, a positioning correction module 50 is also included, specifically as follows: Figure 6 As shown:

[0119] The positioning correction module is used to calibrate using the pouring gate and correct the positioning results.

[0120] Specifically, a steep pulse signal is emitted to the pot-type insulator with a casting port between the first and second nodes, and then the above steps S1 to S4 are repeated to obtain the theoretical positioning data of the casting port; then, the actual positioning data d of the casting port is divided by the theoretical calculated distance d' to obtain the calibration coefficient a = d / d'; then, the calibration coefficient is used to correct the preliminary positioning result of the discharge power source to obtain the final positioning distance l = l' × a, where l' is the preliminary positioning distance, and the final accurate positioning result is output after correction.

[0121] In another specific embodiment of this application, a model building module 60 is also included, such as... Figure 7 As shown, this module is used to establish a propagation attenuation delay model. The specific process is as follows:

[0122] First, a standard pulse signal is transmitted to each of the 100-megabit level sensors or the casting port of the basin insulator built into the GIS using a digital partial discharge simulation device; then, a partial discharge monitoring device equipped with a 100-megabit sampling rate AD converter is used to collect and compare the waveform differences of adjacent sensors at the same time, and a three-dimensional histogram of the attenuation law of the partial discharge signal through various components is plotted to form the propagation attenuation time delay model.

[0123] These components include circuit breakers, disconnectors, basin insulators, line bends, line branches, and other structures that absorb and reflect signals during transmission. The attenuation law uses the pulse amplitude V and the time difference t' relative to the reference time as independent variables, and the amplitude attenuation ΔV as the dependent variable, statistically analyzing all waveform sampling points, such as... Figure 4a As shown, the attenuation data under the same independent variable conditions are weighted by frequency to obtain Δ. (V, t'), such as Figure 4b As shown, a three-dimensional histogram is constructed based on this, providing a quantitative basis for subsequent time delay shifting, amplitude correction, and grayscale transformation.

[0124] The units described in the embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in software or in hardware. The name of a unit does not necessarily limit the unit itself; for example, the first acquisition unit can also be described as "a unit that acquires at least two Internet Protocol addresses".

[0125] The functions described above in this document can be performed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components. For example, exemplary types of hardware logic components that can be used, without limitation, include: field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-a-chip (SoCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and so on.

[0126] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0127] The following is for reference. Figure 8This document illustrates a structural diagram suitable for implementing the electronic device in the embodiments of this disclosure. The terminal device in the embodiments of this disclosure may include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptops, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (personal digital assistants), PADs (tablet computers), PMPs (portable multimedia players), in-vehicle terminals (e.g., in-vehicle navigation terminals), and fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers. This electronic device is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0128] The electronic device may include a processing unit (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.) 801, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 802 or a program loaded from an input device 806 into a random access memory (RAM) 803. The RAM also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processing unit, ROM, and RAM are interconnected via a bus 804. An input / output (I / O) interface 805 is also connected to the bus 804.

[0129] Typically, the following devices can be connected to the I / O interface: input devices including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 807 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices 808 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 809. Communication device 809 allows the electronic device to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although electronic devices with various devices are shown in the figures, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or possess all of the devices shown. More or fewer devices may be implemented or possessed alternatively.

[0130] This application also provides an embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium.

[0131] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium is applied to an electronic device and carries one or more computer programs. When the electronic device executes these programs, it enables the device to accurately locate the discharge source of partial discharge in a GIS. Specifically, this involves acquiring ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals from built-in 100-megabit sensors at both ends of the GIS's test line, determining a first node and a second node based on their signal amplitudes, and constructing reference waveforms for the first and second nodes based on the UHF signals. Multiple reference positions are selected along the test line, and the reference waveforms of the first node are processed using a propagation attenuation delay model, including time delay shifting, amplitude correction, grayscale transformation, and feature merging, to generate hypothetical waveforms for each reference position. Each hypothetical waveform is then matched sequentially with the reference waveform of the second node to obtain a comprehensive similarity for each reference position. The location of the discharge source is determined based on the distribution of the comprehensive similarity, thus completing the location of the discharge source. This application, through the construction of a dual-dimensional reference waveform and the realization of full waveform hypothetical matching based on a propagation attenuation delay model, fundamentally overcomes the problem of existing amplitude methods being greatly affected by signal attenuation, noise, and equipment structure, achieving accurate location of the discharge source.

[0132] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium described above in this disclosure can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0133] In this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this disclosure, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical fibers, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0134] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0135] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0136] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0137] The technical solution provided by the present invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A GIS partial discharge source positioning method applied to electronic equipment for accurately positioning a partial discharge source of GIS, characterized in that, The method for locating the discharge source includes the following steps: The ultra-high frequency signals of the built-in 100-megabit level sensors at both ends of the line under test of the GIS are collected. The first node and the second node are determined from the two ends based on their signal amplitudes. The reference waveforms of the first node and the second node are constructed based on the ultra-high frequency signals. Multiple reference positions are selected along the line to be tested. Based on the propagation attenuation time delay model, the reference waveform of the first node is subjected to time delay shifting, amplitude correction, grayscale transformation and feature merging processing to generate the hypothetical waveforms of each reference position. Each set of hypothetical waveforms is sequentially matched with the reference waveform of the second node to obtain the comprehensive similarity for each reference position. The location of the discharge source is determined based on the distribution of the comprehensive similarity.

2. The electrical discharge source positioning method of claim 1, wherein, Both the reference waveform and the hypothetical waveform include short-time waveforms and long-time waveforms. The short-time waveform is based on a pulse sequence-enhanced signal, and the long-time waveform is based on a pulse interval-distributed grayscale image.

3. The electrical discharge source positioning method of claim 2, wherein, The process of acquiring ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals from the built-in 100-megabit level sensors at both ends of the GIS line under test, determining the first and second nodes from the two ends based on their signal amplitudes, and constructing reference waveforms for the first and second nodes based on the UHF signals includes the following steps: Acquire the two ultra-high frequency signals; The signal amplitudes of the two UHF signals are compared, and the generation end of the UHF signal with the higher amplitude is taken as the first node, and the other end is taken as the second node. Based on the ultra-high frequency signal, waveforms are constructed to obtain the reference waveform of the first node and the reference waveform of the second node.

4. The electrical discharge source positioning method of claim 2, wherein, The process of selecting multiple reference positions along the test line, performing time delay shifting, amplitude correction, grayscale transformation, and feature merging on the reference waveform of the first node based on the propagation attenuation time delay model, and generating hypothetical waveforms for each of the reference positions includes the following steps: Based on the propagation attenuation delay model, the short-time waveform of the reference waveform is processed by delay shifting and amplitude correction based on the distance between each reference position and the first node, so as to obtain the short-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform corresponding to the reference position. Based on the propagation attenuation delay model, the long-time waveform of the reference waveform is subjected to grayscale transformation and feature merging processing for the distance between each reference position and the first node, so as to obtain the long-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform at the reference position.

5. The electrical discharge source positioning method of claim 2, wherein, The step of sequentially matching each set of hypothetical waveforms with the reference waveform of the second node to obtain the comprehensive similarity for each reference position includes the following steps: Calculate the first similarity between the short-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform at each of the reference positions and the short-time waveform of the reference waveform at the second node; Calculate the second similarity between the long-time waveform of the hypothetical waveform at each of the reference positions and the long-time waveform of the reference waveform at the second node; The first similarity and the second similarity are weighted and fused to obtain the comprehensive similarity.

6. The discharge source positioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: By transmitting a steep pulse signal to the GIS pouring port, and calculating based on the UHF signals collected from the first node and the second node, theoretical positioning data is obtained. Based on the theoretical positioning data and the actual position of the pouring port, a calibration coefficient is calculated, and the position of the discharge power source is corrected based on the calibration coefficient.

7. The method of positioning a discharge source of any of claims 1-5, wherein, It also includes the following steps: By transmitting pulse signals to the GIS's built-in megabit-level sensors and the pouring inlet, the differences in waveforms from neighboring sensors at the same time are collected and compared, and the propagation attenuation delay model is constructed based on these differences.

8. A discharge source positioning device of GIS, applied to electronic equipment, used for accurately positioning a discharge source of partial discharge of GIS, characterized in that, The discharge source positioning device includes: The reference waveform construction module is configured to acquire ultra-high frequency signals from the built-in 100-megabit level sensors at both ends of the line under test of the GIS, determine the first node and the second node from the two ends based on their signal amplitude, and construct the reference waveform of the first node and the reference waveform of the second node based on the ultra-high frequency signals. The hypothetical waveform generation module is configured to select multiple reference positions along the line under test, and perform time delay shifting, amplitude correction, grayscale transformation and feature merging processing on the reference waveform of the first node based on the propagation attenuation time delay model to generate hypothetical waveforms at each of the reference positions. The similarity calculation module is configured to sequentially match each set of hypothetical waveforms with the reference waveform of the second node to obtain the comprehensive similarity for each reference position. The positioning execution module is configured to determine the location of the discharge power source based on the distribution of the comprehensive similarity.

9. The electrical discharge source positioning apparatus of claim 8, wherein, Also includes: The positioning correction module is configured to transmit a steep pulse signal to the GIS pouring port, calculate theoretical positioning data based on UHF signals collected from the first node and the second node, calculate a calibration coefficient based on the theoretical positioning data and the actual position of the pouring port, and perform result correction processing on the position of the discharge power source based on the calibration coefficient.

10. The discharge power positioning device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The model building module is configured to acquire and compare the differences in waveforms of adjacent sensors at the same time by transmitting pulse signals to the built-in megabit-level sensors and the pouring port of the GIS, and to build the propagation attenuation delay model based on the differences.

11. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device includes at least one processor and a memory connected to the processor, wherein: The memory is used to store computer programs or instructions; The processor is used to execute the computer program or instructions to enable the electronic device to implement the discharge power positioning method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7. 12.A storage medium readable by a computer, applied to an electronic device, and having stored thereon a plurality of instructions which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 11. The storage medium carries one or more computer programs that can be executed by the electronic device, thereby enabling the electronic device to implement the discharge power source positioning method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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