A butterfly-shaped biologically bite-resistant flat cable and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a butterfly-shaped skin wire cable capable of preventing biological bites and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of optical communication cable manufacturing. The application solves the problems of the existing optical cable bite-preventing agent, such as easy loss, deep bite effect and easy cracking at high and low temperatures. The optical cable comprises a central optical fiber, a non-metallic reinforcing member and an outer sheath. The outer sheath raw material comprises EVA, LLDPE, PE-g-MAH, aluminum hydroxide, double-effect slow-release bite-preventing microcapsule fillers and the like. The microcapsule absorbs pungent agents by taking amino sepiolite fiber as a carrier, is coated with an oxidized sodium alginate / xylocaine shell layer, and is crosslinked through a Schiff base bond. The application realizes chemical anchoring of the bite-preventing agent and rainwater erosion resistance. The application has a saliva triggering mechanism, can be released after shallow biting, and is lossless and repellent. In addition, the Schiff base bond is used as a sacrificial bond to dissipate stress, and the high and low temperature alternating fatigue resistance is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical communication cable manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a butterfly-shaped drop optical cable resistant to biological biting and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread adoption of "fiber to the home" and FTTH (Fiber to the Home) projects, drop cables, particularly butterfly-shaped ones, are widely used in indoor cabling projects due to their compact structure, ease of branching, and good bending performance. In actual installation scenarios, drop cables typically need to traverse complex physical environments such as building exteriors, underground pipes, electrical shafts, ceilings, and rural areas. These areas are often frequented by rodents and wild animals, including mice, squirrels, and some birds. Since the cable sheath is usually made of polyethylene or low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin materials, its moderately soft and hard texture and specific polymer odor easily attract these animals to gnaw or chew on it.

[0003] To address the issue of fiber optic cable breakage caused by animal chewing, existing technologies primarily employ two approaches: physical and chemical defense. Physical defense typically involves adding a metal armor layer to the cable, but this significantly increases its weight and rigidity, negating the core advantages of butterfly-shaped cables—flexibility and ease of installation—and increasing costs. Chemical defense involves directly incorporating pungent agents (such as capsaicin) or bittering agents (such as denaphalonamine) into the cable's outer sheath material. However, this conventional chemical addition method has fatal flaws: firstly, small-molecule repellents have poor compatibility with the matrix resin, easily precipitating out and being washed away by rainwater under outdoor sun and rain, resulting in a bite-resistant effect that typically lasts no more than 1-2 years; secondly, existing additives are all "contact-responsive," meaning that animals must bite through the cable sheath to taste the flavor before stopping, by which time the cable is often already deeply damaged, allowing moisture to easily penetrate the cable through cracks, leading to increased fiber loss or even breakage.

[0004] Ensuring the stability of communication networks is not only crucial for users' daily network experience, but also a lifeline in critical areas such as smart cities and emergency rescue. Frequent network outages caused by animal bites significantly increase operators' subsequent manual inspection and troubleshooting costs, and severely restrict the reliability of communication infrastructure. Therefore, developing a new type of butterfly-shaped drop cable that can achieve long-term bite resistance, incorporate "olfactory warning + taste dual repellency," and does not damage the mechanical properties of the optical cable has become an urgent need and a pressing technical challenge for the optical communication industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a biological-resistant butterfly-shaped drop optical cable and its preparation method. To achieve the above objective, this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A butterfly-shaped drop optical cable resistant to biological gnawing includes a central optical fiber, two non-metallic reinforcing members symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central optical fiber, and an outer sheath of the optical cable extruded outside the central optical fiber and the non-metallic reinforcing members.

[0007] The raw material of the outer sheath of the optical cable comprises the following components by weight:

[0008] 40-50 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer;

[0009] 15-25 parts of linear low-density polyethylene;

[0010] 2-5 parts of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene;

[0011] 30-40 parts aluminum hydroxide;

[0012] 8-15 parts of dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler;

[0013] Antioxidant 1010: 0.5 to 1 part.

[0014] Furthermore, the dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler uses aminated sepiolite fiber as a carrier, with a mixture of synthetic capsaicin nonanoic acid vanillamide and allyl isothiocyanate adsorbed inside its mesopores, and coated with a sodium alginate / benzyl dinatamine composite shell on the outside; the amino groups on the surface of the aminated sepiolite fiber and the aldehyde groups on the sodium alginate molecular chain form dynamic covalent bonds through Schiff base reaction.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation steps of the dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler are as follows:

[0016] A1. Disperse sepiolite powder in anhydrous ethanol / water mixed solvent, add silane coupling agent KH-550 to it, reflux and stir at 70-80℃ for 4-6 hours, filter, wash with anhydrous ethanol 2-3 times, and vacuum dry at 80-90℃ to obtain aminated sepiolite fiber.

[0017] A2. Vanillinamide nonanoate and allyl isothiocyanate were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol, and then the above-mentioned aminated sepiolite fiber was added to it. The mixture was ultrasonically treated at room temperature for 40 to 60 minutes, and then vacuum dried under vacuum conditions of -0.08 MPa and 45 to 55°C to obtain the drug-loaded core material.

[0018] A3. Dissolve sodium oxidized alginate and denaphalonamine in deionized water and stir evenly to prepare a composite coating solution;

[0019] A4. Disperse the drug-loaded core material into the composite coating solution and stir at a constant temperature of 40-50°C for 3-4 hours. Then, add 2-3% of the total weight of the system with a 5% calcium chloride aqueous solution. Continue stirring for 1-2 hours, filter and collect the precipitate, and dry and depolymerize it at a low temperature of 50-60°C to obtain the dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler.

[0020] Furthermore, the sepiolite powder described in A1 has a particle size of 1250 mesh.

[0021] Furthermore, the volume ratio of the anhydrous ethanol / water mixed solvent described in A1 is 9:1.

[0022] Furthermore, the weight ratio of sepiolite powder, anhydrous ethanol / water mixed solvent, and silane coupling agent KH-550 in A1 is 100:500:10 to 20.

[0023] Furthermore, the weight ratio of nonanoic vanillinamide, allyl isothiocyanate, anhydrous ethanol, and aminated sepiolite fiber in A2 is 5-10:3-5:50:100.

[0024] Furthermore, the degree of oxidation of sodium alginate described in A3 is 30%.

[0025] Furthermore, the weight ratio of sodium alginate oxide, denatum benzoate, and deionized water in A3 is 10-15:2-4:200.

[0026] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned anti-biological-bite butterfly-shaped drop optical cable, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1. Accurately weigh each raw material according to its weight proportions;

[0028] S2. Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, and maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene are introduced into a mixer and melt-mixed at 110-120°C for 4-5 minutes.

[0029] S3. Add aluminum hydroxide, dual-effect slow-release anti-bite microcapsule filler and antioxidant 1010, heat to 135-145℃ and continue to knead for 15-25 minutes. After discharge, granulate through a twin-screw extruder to obtain anti-bite flame-retardant outer sheath material.

[0030] S4. The central optical fiber and two non-metallic reinforcing members are introduced into the extruder head in parallel. The anti-bite and flame-retardant outer sheath material prepared in S3 is extruded onto its outside at an extrusion temperature of 150-165°C. After cooling in a water tank, drying, and winding, the anti-biological biting butterfly-shaped drop cable is obtained.

[0031] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows:

[0032] In existing technologies, the shell of microcapsules is mostly a simple physical coating. Under long-term rain erosion, the shell is easily swollen and peeled off, resulting in the loss of anti-bite agents. Moreover, existing anti-bite agents must be bitten deep to be effective.

[0033] This invention improves the two raw materials for microcapsules, using "aminated sepiolite" and "osmotically oxidized sodium alginate (OSA)" as core and shell materials. The two materials not only have physical encapsulation but also form dynamic covalent bonds of Schiff bases through the reaction of amino (-NH2) and aldehyde (-CHO) groups.

[0034] The strong interaction between these raw materials achieves a superposition and enhancement of two drastically different solutions: On the one hand, Schiff base bonds firmly "chemically anchor" the shell to the sepiolite carrier, effectively solving the problems of shell peeling and drug loss caused by rainwater erosion, achieving excellent durability; on the other hand, Schiff base bonds have significant pH / enzyme-responsive cleavage characteristics. When a mouse approaches the optical cable, its slightly acidic and enzyme-rich saliva, upon contact with the cable surface, instantly triggers the cleavage of the Schiff base bonds, causing the outer shell to "explode" and instantly release extremely high concentrations of benzodiazepines (extremely bitter) and capsaicin from within. This "saliva-triggered" intelligent release mechanism significantly advances the traditional "pain response after bite" to an "immediate burst upon licking / shallow bite," effectively achieving non-destructive repellency.

[0035] At the same time, it solves other objective technical problems existing in the prior art (resistance to thermomechanical fatigue under alternating high and low temperatures):

[0036] In actual outdoor installations, butterfly-shaped optical cables face a significant technical challenge: extreme temperature differences between day and night (such as winter-summer temperature differences and day-night temperature differences), and a large difference in the coefficients of linear expansion between inorganic fillers (such as anti-crack powder and flame retardants) and organic resin matrix (EVA / PE). Under long-term alternating thermal expansion and contraction, microcracks are easily generated at the interface between the filler and the resin, leading to brittleness of the optical cable, a precipitous drop in mechanical properties, and opening channels for moisture intrusion.

[0037] This invention unexpectedly solves this hidden pain point through the aforementioned improvement of raw materials. The unreacted carboxyl / hydroxyl groups in the microcapsule shell (sodium alginate oxide) form a strong hydrogen bond and esterification cross-linking network with the PE-g-MAH (maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene) added to the formulation. More importantly, the Schiff base dynamic covalent bonds inside the microcapsules act as "sacrificial bonds." When the optical cable experiences thermal stress due to alternating high and low temperatures, the Schiff base bonds preferentially undergo reversible breakage to dissipate stress energy and recombine after the temperature stabilizes (self-healing mechanism). This "molecular shock absorber" effect effectively inhibits the initiation and propagation of interfacial microcracks, enabling the optical cable of this invention to maintain extremely high tensile strength and elongation at break even after undergoing harsh high and low temperature cycling aging, thus achieving an overall performance improvement. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the raw materials used in this embodiment can all be obtained commercially. For example: EVA is Yangzi Petrochemical V5110J, LLDPE is Sinopec 7042, PE-g-MAH is a commercially available compatibilizer with a grafting rate of 1.0%, and sodium alginate oxidation is a commercially available specification with an oxidation degree of 30%.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Production of biological-resistant butterfly-shaped fiber optic cables:

[0041] First, a dual-effect sustained-release anti-biting microcapsule filler was prepared:

[0042] (1) Preparation of aminated sepiolite: 100 parts by weight of commercially available sepiolite powder (1250 mesh) were dispersed in 500 parts by weight of anhydrous ethanol / water mixed solvent (volume ratio 9:1), and 10 parts by weight of silane coupling agent KH-550 (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane) were added. The mixture was refluxed at 70°C and stirred for 4 hours. After filtration, the mixture was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and dried under vacuum at 80°C to obtain aminated sepiolite fibers with amino-rich surface.

[0043] (2) Core material loading: 5 parts by weight of synthetic capsaicin (nonanoic acid vanillamide) and 3 parts by weight of allyl isothiocyanate (purity ≥98%) were dissolved in 50 parts by weight of anhydrous ethanol. Then, 100 parts by weight of the above-mentioned aminated sepiolite fiber were added to it. The mixture was ultrasonically treated at room temperature (power 300W) for 40 minutes. Then, it was vacuum dried under vacuum conditions of -0.08MPa and 45℃ to allow the active ingredients to enter the sepiolite mesopores and obtain the drug-loaded core material.

[0044] (3) Preparation of dynamic covalent coating solution: Dissolve 10 parts by weight of sodium alginate oxide (commercially available, oxidation degree 30%) and 2 parts by weight of benzodenafil in 200 parts by weight of deionized water, stir evenly to prepare a composite coating solution;

[0045] (4) Synthesis of intelligent microcapsules: The drug-loaded core material obtained in step (2) is dispersed into the composite coating solution in step (3), and stirred at 40°C for 3 hours (to promote the Schiff base reaction between the amino groups on the surface of sepiolite and the aldehyde groups of oxidized sodium alginate); then, 2% of the total weight of the system of a 5% calcium chloride (CaCl2) aqueous solution is added dropwise for secondary ionic cross-linking, and after stirring for 1 hour, the precipitate is collected by filtration, and after low-temperature drying and depolymerization at 50°C, the dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler is obtained.

[0046] Then, the anti-biological-gnawing butterfly-shaped drop cable includes a central optical fiber, two non-metallic reinforcing members symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central optical fiber, and an outer sheath of the optical cable extruded outside the central optical fiber and the non-metallic reinforcing members.

[0047] The raw materials for the outer sheath of the optical cable, by weight, include the following components:

[0048] 40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA);

[0049] 15 parts of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE);

[0050] 2 parts of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene (PE-g-MAH);

[0051] 30 parts aluminum hydroxide (ATH);

[0052] Eight portions of dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler;

[0053] Antioxidant 1010 0.5 parts.

[0054] Specifically, the preparation method of the anti-biological-gnawing butterfly-shaped drop optical cable includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Accurately weigh each raw material according to its weight proportions;

[0056] S2. Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, and maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene are introduced into a mixer and melt-mixed at 110°C for 4 minutes.

[0057] S3. Add aluminum hydroxide, dual-effect slow-release anti-bite microcapsule filler and antioxidant 1010, heat to 135℃ and continue to knead for 15 minutes. After discharge, granulate through a twin-screw extruder to obtain anti-bite flame-retardant outer sheath material.

[0058] S4. The central optical fiber and two non-metallic reinforcing members (FRP) are introduced into the extruder head in parallel. The bite-resistant and flame-retardant outer sheath material prepared in S3 is extruded onto its outside at an extrusion temperature of 150°C. After cooling in a water tank, drying, and winding, the anti-biological biting butterfly-shaped drop cable is obtained.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Production of biological-resistant butterfly-shaped fiber optic cables:

[0061] First, a dual-effect sustained-release anti-biting microcapsule filler was prepared:

[0062] (1) Preparation of aminated sepiolite: 100 parts by weight of commercially available sepiolite powder (1250 mesh) were dispersed in 500 parts by weight of anhydrous ethanol / water mixed solvent (volume ratio 9:1), and 12 parts by weight of silane coupling agent KH-550 (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane) were added. The mixture was refluxed at 75°C and stirred for 6 hours. The mixture was then filtered, washed 3 times with anhydrous ethanol, and dried under vacuum at 85°C to obtain aminated sepiolite fibers with amino-rich surface.

[0063] (2) Core material loading: 8 parts by weight of synthetic capsaicin (nonanoic acid vanillamide) and 4 parts by weight of allyl isothiocyanate (purity ≥98%) were dissolved in 50 parts by weight of anhydrous ethanol. Then, 100 parts by weight of the above-mentioned aminated sepiolite fiber were added to it. The mixture was ultrasonically treated at room temperature (power 300W) for 60 minutes. Then, it was vacuum dried under vacuum conditions of -0.08MPa and 50℃ to allow the active ingredients to enter the sepiolite mesopores and obtain the drug-loaded core material.

[0064] (3) Preparation of dynamic covalent coating solution: Dissolve 12 parts by weight of sodium alginate oxide (commercially available, oxidation degree 30%) and 3 parts by weight of benzodiazepine in 200 parts by weight of deionized water and stir evenly to prepare a composite coating solution;

[0065] (4) Synthesis of intelligent microcapsules: The drug-loaded core material obtained in step (2) is dispersed into the composite coating solution in step (3), and stirred at 45°C for 4 hours (to promote the Schiff base reaction between the amino groups on the surface of sepiolite and the aldehyde groups of oxidized sodium alginate); then, 3% of the total weight of the system of a 5% calcium chloride (CaCl2) aqueous solution is added dropwise for secondary ionic cross-linking, and after stirring for 2 hours, the precipitate is collected by filtration, and after low-temperature drying and depolymerization at 55°C, the dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler is obtained.

[0066] Then, the anti-biological-gnawing butterfly-shaped drop cable includes a central optical fiber, two non-metallic reinforcing members symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central optical fiber, and an outer sheath of the optical cable extruded outside the central optical fiber and the non-metallic reinforcing members.

[0067] The raw materials for the outer sheath of the optical cable, by weight, include the following components:

[0068] 45 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA);

[0069] 22 parts of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE);

[0070] 4.5 parts of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene (PE-g-MAH);

[0071] 36.5 parts of aluminum hydroxide (ATH);

[0072] 12 portions of dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler;

[0073] Antioxidant 1010, 1 part.

[0074] Specifically, the preparation method of the anti-biological-gnawing butterfly-shaped drop optical cable includes the following steps:

[0075] S1. Accurately weigh each raw material according to its weight proportions;

[0076] S2. Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, and maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene are introduced into an internal mixer and melt-mixed at 120°C for 5 minutes.

[0077] S3. Add aluminum hydroxide, dual-effect slow-release anti-bite microcapsule filler and antioxidant 1010, heat to 140℃ and continue to knead for 20 minutes. After discharge, granulate through a twin-screw extruder to obtain anti-bite flame-retardant outer sheath material.

[0078] S4. The central optical fiber and two non-metallic reinforcing members (FRP) are introduced into the extruder head in parallel. The bite-resistant and flame-retardant outer sheath material prepared in S3 is extruded onto its outside at an extrusion temperature of 160°C. After cooling in a water tank, drying, and winding, the anti-biological biting butterfly-shaped drop cable is obtained.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] Production of biological-resistant butterfly-shaped fiber optic cables:

[0081] First, a dual-effect sustained-release anti-biting microcapsule filler was prepared:

[0082] (1) Preparation of aminated sepiolite: 100 parts by weight of commercially available sepiolite powder (1250 mesh) were dispersed in 500 parts by weight of anhydrous ethanol / water mixed solvent (volume ratio 9:1), and 20 parts by weight of silane coupling agent KH-550 (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane) were added. The mixture was refluxed at 80°C and stirred for 6 hours. The mixture was then filtered, washed 3 times with anhydrous ethanol, and dried under vacuum at 90°C to obtain aminated sepiolite fibers with amino-rich surface.

[0083] (2) Core material loading: 10 parts by weight of synthetic capsaicin (nonanoic acid vanillamide) and 5 parts by weight of allyl isothiocyanate (purity ≥98%) were dissolved in 50 parts by weight of anhydrous ethanol. Then, 100 parts by weight of the above-mentioned aminated sepiolite fiber were added to it. The mixture was ultrasonically treated at room temperature (power 300W) for 60 minutes. Then, it was vacuum dried under vacuum conditions of -0.08MPa and 55℃ to allow the active ingredients to enter the sepiolite mesopores and obtain the drug-loaded core material.

[0084] (3) Preparation of dynamic covalent coating solution: Dissolve 15 parts by weight of sodium alginate oxide (commercially available, oxidation degree 30%) and 4 parts by weight of benzodenafil in 200 parts by weight of deionized water and stir evenly to prepare a composite coating solution;

[0085] (4) Synthesis of intelligent microcapsules: The drug-loaded core material obtained in step (2) is dispersed into the composite coating solution in step (3), and stirred at 50°C for 4 hours (to promote the Schiff base reaction between the amino groups on the surface of sepiolite and the aldehyde groups of oxidized sodium alginate); then, 3% of the total weight of the system of a 5% calcium chloride (CaCl2) aqueous solution is added dropwise for secondary ionic cross-linking, and after stirring for 2 hours, the precipitate is collected by filtration, and after low-temperature drying and depolymerization at 60°C, the dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler is obtained.

[0086] Then, the anti-biological-gnawing butterfly-shaped drop cable includes a central optical fiber, two non-metallic reinforcing members symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central optical fiber, and an outer sheath of the optical cable extruded outside the central optical fiber and the non-metallic reinforcing members.

[0087] The raw materials for the outer sheath of the optical cable, by weight, include the following components:

[0088] 50 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA);

[0089] 25 parts of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE);

[0090] 5 parts of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene (PE-g-MAH);

[0091] 40 parts aluminum hydroxide (ATH);

[0092] 15 portions of dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler;

[0093] Antioxidant 1010, 1 part.

[0094] Specifically, the preparation method of the anti-biological-gnawing butterfly-shaped drop optical cable includes the following steps:

[0095] S1. Accurately weigh each raw material according to its weight proportions;

[0096] S2. Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, and maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene are introduced into an internal mixer and melt-mixed at 120°C for 5 minutes.

[0097] S3. Add aluminum hydroxide, dual-effect slow-release anti-bite microcapsule filler and antioxidant 1010, heat to 145℃ and continue to knead for 25 minutes. After discharge, granulate through a twin-screw extruder to obtain anti-bite flame-retardant outer sheath material.

[0098] S4. The central optical fiber and two non-metallic reinforcing members (FRP) are introduced into the extruder head in parallel. The bite-resistant and flame-retardant outer sheath material prepared in S3 is extruded onto its outside at an extrusion temperature of 165°C. After cooling in a water tank, drying, and winding, the biological bite-resistant butterfly-shaped drop cable is obtained.

[0099] Comparative Example 1

[0100] Comparative Example 1 served as the control group for Example 2. In Comparative Example 1, no microcapsules were prepared; instead, equal amounts of the raw materials (sepiolite powder, synthetic capsaicin, allyl isothiocyanate, sodium alginate oxide, and denatumene) contained in the microcapsules of Example 2 were directly mixed and granulated with other sheathing materials (EVA, LLDPE, etc.) in a mixer. The remaining steps and formulation were identical to those in Example 2, ultimately yielding a biological-resistant butterfly-shaped drop cable.

[0101] Comparative Example 2

[0102] Comparative Example 2 served as the control group for Example 2. In step (1) of Comparative Example 2, no silane coupling agent KH-550 was added (i.e., sepiolite was not aminated); in step (3), ordinary sodium alginate was used instead of oxidized sodium alginate (i.e., no aldehyde group was present). Ordinary microcapsules were formed solely through physical adsorption and calcium chloride ion crosslinking. The remaining steps and formulation were exactly the same as in Example 2, ultimately yielding a bio-resistant butterfly-shaped fiber optic cable.

[0103] Comparative Example 3

[0104] Comparative Example 3 served as the control group for Example 2. In Comparative Example 3, maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene (PE-g-MAH) was removed from the sheath formulation, and 4.5 parts of its weight were compensated for in linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) (i.e., LLDPE became 26.5 parts) to maintain the total weight of the matrix resin. The remaining steps and formulation were identical to those in Example 2, ultimately yielding a biological-resistant butterfly-shaped drop cable.

[0105] Test Example 1

[0106] Performance tests were conducted on the anti-biological biting butterfly-shaped drop optical cables produced in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. The test process is as follows, and the test results are shown in Table 1:

[0107] (1) Simulated saliva triggering and anti-biting performance test (initial state):

[0108] Test Procedure: A tubular sample (outer diameter 5 mm, wall thickness 1 mm) for the outer sheath of the optical cable was prepared according to GB / T 2951 standard. The sample surface was coated with simulated mouse saliva (containing 0.1% amylase, pH=6.5 phosphate buffer), left for 5 minutes, and then placed in a test chamber containing 10 adult Wistar rats (fasted for 12 hours). After 24 hours, the sample was removed, and the average bite mark depth (mm) on the sample surface was recorded (using calipers to measure the macroscopic depth under a magnifying glass) and the sheath breakage rate were calculated.

[0109] (2) Water-resistant and long-lasting anti-bite performance test (simulated rain erosion):

[0110] Test procedure: The samples of the same specifications were placed in a constant temperature water bath rain test chamber and continuously rinsed with tap water at a flow rate of 10 L / min for 30 days. After drying, the rat anti-bite test of "Test 1" was performed again, and the average bite depth (mm) after washing was recorded.

[0111] (3) Fatigue test of high and low temperature alternating heat engine (mechanical property retention rate):

[0112] Test Procedure: The optical cable sheath is made into a standard dumbbell-shaped specimen. The specimen is placed in a high and low temperature alternating test chamber, and the cycle is set as follows: -40℃ for 2 hours, then raised to 70℃ and held for 2 hours, which constitutes one cycle. This is repeated for 50 cycles. The tensile strength (MPa) and elongation at break (%) before and after alternation are tested (test standard GB / T 1040.3), and the retention rate is calculated.

[0113] Table 1 Test Results

[0114] Initial average bite depth (mm) 0.15 0.08 0.10 0.85 0.12 0.09 Initial sheath breakage rate (%) 0 0 0 15% 0 0 Average bite mark depth (mm) after 30 days of washing 0.22 0.11 0.15 1.20 (Bite Through) 0.95 0.12 Initial tensile strength (MPa) 13.5 15.2 14.8 10.5 12.8 11.2 Initial elongation at break (%) 185 210 195 140 175 155 Tensile strength retention rate after high and low temperature alternation 88% 95% 92% 65% 72% 68% Elongation at break after high and low temperature alternation 85% 93% 90% 58% 65% 60%

[0115] Analysis of the data in Table 1 yielded the following results:

[0116] (1) Regarding the "saliva-triggered" intelligent anti-bite performance (compared to the initial bite mark depth):

[0117] The initial average bite depth of Examples 1-3 was extremely shallow (only 0.08~0.15mm), and the sheath breakage rate was 0%; while the bite depth of Comparative Example 1, which used direct compounding, was as high as 0.85mm, and 15% of the sheaths broke. This verifies that the microcapsule structure of the present invention can effectively enrich the anti-bite agent. More importantly, Example 2 (0.08mm) was superior to Comparative Example 2 (0.12mm), proving that the "Schiff base bond" introduced in the present invention does indeed have enzyme / pH responsive characteristics. The microcapsule disintegration and release of the agent is triggered instantly upon contact with mouse saliva, achieving a non-destructive repellency effect of "instant burst upon shallow bite".

[0118] (2) Regarding the long-lasting anti-bite performance after washing (comparison of bite mark depth after washing):

[0119] After 30 days of rigorous water rinsing, the bite depth of Examples 1-3 showed almost no significant increase (Example 2 only increased slightly from 0.08 mm to 0.11 mm); in contrast, Comparative Example 1 was directly bitten through (1.20 mm), and the bite depth of Comparative Example 2 (ordinary microcapsule) also increased sharply to 0.95 mm, essentially losing its anti-bite capability. This strongly demonstrates that the present invention, through the "Schiff base dynamic covalent bond" formed by the reaction of amino and aldehyde groups, firmly chemically anchors the shell to the sepiolite carrier, effectively solving the fatal defects of traditional physically encapsulated microcapsules that are prone to swelling and peeling and drug loss under rainwater rinsing, achieving excellent durability.

[0120] (3) Regarding the thermomechanical fatigue performance against alternating high and low temperatures (compared to mechanical retention rate):

[0121] After undergoing 50 cycles of high and low temperature alternation, Examples 1-3 still maintained extremely high mechanical properties (Example 2 showed tensile strength and elongation at break retention rates as high as 95% and 93%, respectively). In contrast, Comparative Example 3, lacking PE-g-MAH, saw its retention rates plummet to 68% and 60%, respectively. This fully verifies the hidden innovation of this invention: the microcapsule shell forms a strong cross-linked network with PE-g-MAH, and the internal Schiff base bonds act as "sacrificial bonds," functioning as "molecular shock absorbers" to effectively dissipate the stress energy generated by thermal expansion and contraction, suppressing the formation of interfacial microcracks, thereby significantly improving the service life of the optical cable under extreme outdoor climates.

[0122] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0123] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biologically bite resistant, butterfly-shaped, ribbon cable, characterized by, It includes a central optical fiber, two non-metallic reinforcing members symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central optical fiber, and an outer sheath of the optical cable extruded outside the central optical fiber and the non-metallic reinforcing members. The raw material of the outer sheath of the optical cable comprises the following components by weight: 40-50 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; 15-25 parts of linear low-density polyethylene; 2-5 parts of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene; 30-40 parts aluminum hydroxide; 8-15 parts of dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler; Antioxidant 1010: 0.5 to 1 part.

2. A butterfly-shaped jacketed optical fiber cable according to claim 1, wherein The dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler uses aminated sepiolite fiber as a carrier, with a mixture of nonanoic acid vanillamide and allyl isothiocyanate adsorbed inside its mesopores, and coated with a sodium alginate oxide / benzyl dinatamine composite shell; the amino groups on the surface of the aminated sepiolite fiber and the aldehyde groups on the sodium alginate oxide molecular chain form dynamic covalent bonds through Schiff base reaction.

3. A butterfly-shaped jacketed optical fiber cable according to claim 1, wherein The preparation steps of the dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler are as follows: A1. Disperse sepiolite powder in anhydrous ethanol / water mixed solvent, add silane coupling agent KH-550 to it, reflux and stir at 70-80℃ for 4-6 hours, filter, wash with anhydrous ethanol 2-3 times, and vacuum dry at 80-90℃ to obtain aminated sepiolite fiber. A2. Vanillinamide nonanoate and allyl isothiocyanate were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol, and then the above-mentioned aminated sepiolite fiber was added to it. The mixture was ultrasonically treated at room temperature for 40 to 60 minutes, and then vacuum dried under vacuum conditions of -0.08 MPa and 45 to 55°C to obtain the drug-loaded core material. A3. Dissolve sodium oxidized alginate and denaphalonamine in deionized water and stir evenly to prepare a composite coating solution; A4. Disperse the drug-loaded core material into the composite coating solution and stir at a constant temperature of 40-50°C for 3-4 hours. Then, add 2-3% of the total weight of the system with a 5% calcium chloride aqueous solution. Continue stirring for 1-2 hours, filter and collect the precipitate, and dry and depolymerize it at a low temperature of 50-60°C to obtain the dual-effect sustained-release anti-bite microcapsule filler.

4. A butterfly-shaped jacketed optical fiber cable according to claim 3, wherein The sepiolite powder described in A1 has a particle size of 1250 mesh.

5. A butterfly-shaped jacketed optical fiber cable according to claim 3, wherein The volume ratio of the anhydrous ethanol / water mixed solvent described in A1 is 9:

1.

6. A butterfly-shaped jacketed optical fiber cable preventing biting of living creatures according to claim 3, wherein The weight ratio of sepiolite powder, anhydrous ethanol / water mixed solvent, and silane coupling agent KH-550 in A1 is 100:500:10-20.

7. A butterfly-shaped jacketed optical fiber cable preventing biting of living creatures according to claim 3, wherein The weight ratio of nonanoic vanillinamide, allyl isothiocyanate, anhydrous ethanol, and aminated sepiolite fiber in A2 is 5-10:3-5:50:

100.

8. A butterfly-shaped jacketed optical fiber cable preventing biting of living creatures according to claim 3, wherein The oxidation degree of sodium alginate described in A3 is 30%.

9. A butterfly-shaped drop optical cable resistant to biological gnawing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The weight ratio of sodium alginate oxide, benzyl dinatamine, and deionized water in A3 is 10-15:2-4:

200.

10. A method of making a butterfly-shaped cable resistant to biological attack according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, Includes the following steps: S1. Accurately weigh each raw material according to its weight proportions; S2. Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, and maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene are introduced into a mixer and melt-mixed at 110-120°C for 4-5 minutes. S3. Add aluminum hydroxide, dual-effect slow-release anti-bite microcapsule filler and antioxidant 1010, heat to 135-145℃ and continue to knead for 15-25 minutes. After discharge, granulate through a twin-screw extruder to obtain anti-bite flame-retardant outer sheath material. S4. The central optical fiber and two non-metallic reinforcing members are introduced into the extruder head in parallel. The anti-bite and flame-retardant outer sheath material prepared in S3 is extruded onto its outside at an extrusion temperature of 150-165°C. After cooling in a water tank, drying, and winding, the anti-biological biting butterfly-shaped drop cable is obtained.