Atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system for quantum synchronization

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of quantum synchronization technology and relates to a state monitoring system for atomic clock servo circuits for quantum synchronization. The system constructs a servo state sequence based on the same time base, including frequency discrimination error, demodulation phase deviation, loop filter output, local oscillator frequency control quantity, lockout state flag, quantum synchronization phase deviation, frequency correction quantity, and synchronization residual. Based on atomic reference response constraints, servo closed-loop transfer constraints, and quantum synchronization correction constraints, a predicted state is generated. The multidimensional residual is separated into internal servo degradation residual and external synchronization disturbance residual through residual projection. This is then combined with a virtual desynchronization trajectory and source consistency verification to output a state flag. The system can distinguish between internal servo degradation and external quantum synchronization disturbances during the lockout period, reducing mixed residual misjudgments and forming traceable anomaly attribution results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of quantum synchronization technology and relates to an atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system for quantum synchronization. Background Technology

[0002] Atomic clock servo circuits are used to constrain the local oscillator frequency near the atomic transition reference. Conventional solutions typically consist of frequency discrimination, demodulation, loop filtering, and local oscillator control. During operation, the frequency discrimination error signal output by the atomic clock is demodulated to form a phase deviation signal. The servo controller generates a loop filter output based on the polarity and amplitude of the error signal, which is then converted into a local oscillator frequency control signal, pulling the local oscillator frequency back towards the atomic reference center. Status monitoring usually revolves around the lockout status flag, error signal amplitude, control range, loop filter output fluctuations, and frequency stability indicators. In engineering, fixed thresholds, sliding statistics, or combinations of lockout flags are often used to determine whether the servo circuit is in a normal lockout state. When the error signal continuously deviates from zero, the control quantity reaches the boundary, the lockout flag flips, or frequency stability deteriorates, the monitoring system outputs an abnormality warning. This type of solution is simple to implement and can reflect the servo loop's out-of-limit phenomena, but it mainly relies on amplitude changes in a single channel or a small number of channels for judgment, lacking an interpretable separation mechanism for changes in the closed-loop internal state.

[0003] In atomic clock operation scenarios oriented towards quantum synchronization, the atomic clock servo circuit also receives phase deviation, frequency correction, and synchronization residual information generated during the quantum synchronization process. Current conventional practices typically treat the quantum synchronization correction as an external input, directly superimposed onto the local oscillator frequency control or phase correction path. On the synchronization side, they monitor whether the phase residual converges, and on the servo side, they monitor whether the error signal and control quantity exceed limits. Since quantum synchronization correction alters the control trajectory of the servo closed loop, drift in the same control quantity segment may be caused by external synchronization correction, or by a decrease in loop gain, control terminal bias, accumulation of integral states, or a shift in the atomic reference operating point. Conventional monitoring methods lack a mechanism to compare the atomic reference response, servo closed-loop transmission, and quantum synchronization correction under the same state model, and they also fail to establish a servo free closed-loop trajectory without external correction input. Therefore, it is difficult to determine whether degradation masked by compensation has occurred within the servo circuit during the synchronization residual convergence process.

[0004] When quantum synchronization correction and atomic clock servo closed-loop control work together, the monitoring system struggles to distinguish the true sources of phase deviation, control drift, and synchronization residual fluctuations, resulting in internal servo degradation residuals and external synchronization disturbance residuals being mixed in the same observation. Because the servo loop has closed-loop compensation characteristics, quantum synchronization correction further influences the local oscillator control, and internal anomalies such as loop gain attenuation, control terminal bias, integral saturation, and atomic resonance point drift may continue to develop even when the lockout flag remains normal and the synchronization residuals converge briefly. If judgment is based solely on error exceeding limits or changes in lockout state, anomaly identification is delayed; if judgment is based solely on synchronization residual fluctuations, external synchronization disturbances are easily misjudged as servo circuit faults. Therefore, the core issue to be addressed is establishing a state monitoring mechanism that can decouple internal servo degradation and external quantum synchronization disturbances under the same time base. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a state monitoring system for atomic clock servo circuits for quantum synchronization, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A state monitoring system for an atomic clock servo circuit for quantum synchronization includes a servo state sequence construction unit connected by the same time base, a joint state prediction unit, a residual decoupling processing unit, and an anomaly attribution output unit. The servo state sequence construction unit receives the frequency discrimination error signal, demodulation phase deviation signal, loop filter output, local oscillator frequency control, lock status flag, and phase deviation, frequency correction and synchronization residual information of the quantum synchronization process from the atomic clock servo circuit, and forms a servo state sequence with time index. The joint state prediction unit generates the predicted state based on atomic reference response constraints, servo closed-loop transfer constraints, and quantum synchronization correction constraints. The residual decoupling processing unit forms a multidimensional residual based on the predicted state and the measured state, and separates the multidimensional residual into internal servo degradation residual and external synchronization disturbance residual. The anomaly attribution output unit generates a servo circuit status identifier based on the separation results.

[0007] Preferably, the servo state sequence construction unit establishes a common sampling sequence according to the timestamps of the servo control clock and the quantum synchronization clock, performs phase continuity processing on the frequency discrimination error signal and the demodulation phase deviation signal, performs control direction normalization processing on the loop filter output and the local oscillator frequency control, and divides the effective closed loop segment with the lock state flag, embedding the quantum synchronization phase deviation, frequency correction and synchronization residual information into the same segment. For synchronous correction inputs that cross segment boundaries, the corresponding sampling positions are written according to the application time and holding time to form a joint state vector containing internal servo quantities, external synchronization quantities, and segment boundary markers.

[0008] Preferably, the joint state prediction unit includes an atomic reference response layer, a servo loop transfer layer, and a quantum synchronization correction layer that share state variables with each other; The atomic reference response layer defines the correspondence between the frequency discrimination slope, the resonant center offset, and the polarity of the error signal. The servo loop transmission layer defines the closed-loop relationship between the loop gain, integral memory, control delay, and control quantity boundary. The quantum synchronization correction layer defines the pulling relationship between the phase deviation, frequency correction amount, and synchronization residual information on the local oscillator frequency control amount, and uses the frequency discrimination error, phase deviation, and local oscillator frequency control amount as shared state variables among the three layers.

[0009] Preferably, the residual decoupling processing unit forms a multi-dimensional residual vector from the frequency discrimination error prediction difference, phase deviation prediction difference, loop filter output prediction difference, local oscillator frequency control prediction difference, and synchronization residual prediction difference, and constructs a residual projection basis based on the loop bandwidth assignment, quantum synchronization correction direction, error zeroing trend, and control quantity continuity. The residual projection basis includes a first set of directions corresponding to the internal state of the servo closed loop and a second set of directions corresponding to the external disturbance of quantum synchronization. The multidimensional residual vector is projected onto the first set of directions and the second set of directions, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the servo state sequence construction unit sets segment labels for the lock entry segment, steady-state lock segment, and lock exit segment in the common sampling sequence, and sets continuity verification fields for the loop filter output quantity holding quantity and the local oscillator frequency control quantity transition quantity between adjacent segments; When the quantum synchronization frequency correction spans two segments, the servo state sequence construction unit splits the synchronization residual information into the corresponding segments according to the correction application time, and writes the phase continuation mark, control maintenance mark and synchronization correction direction mark at the segment boundary into the joint state vector.

[0011] Preferably, the joint state prediction unit configures the atomic reference response layer with the frequency discrimination slope candidate quantity and the resonance center candidate quantity updated with the locked segment, configures the servo loop transfer layer with the equivalent gain quantity and the equivalent delay quantity updated together with the integral memory state, and configures the quantum synchronization correction layer with the external correction input quantity consistent with the phase deviation direction. The shared state variables are written to the three layers through the same time index. The external correction input is used as an independent field to distinguish the loop gain, equivalent delay and resonance center candidate, and the application interval of the external correction input is bound to the corresponding predicted state.

[0012] Preferably, the residual decoupling processing unit provides a gain attenuation basis, a control bias basis, an integral saturation basis, and a resonance point drift basis in the first direction set, and provides a synchronous phase abrupt change basis, a synchronous correction reverse basis, and a synchronous residual diffusion basis in the second direction set; The residual decoupling processing unit performs correlation constraints on the first direction set and the second direction set, and writes the corresponding residual component into the corresponding direction set when the same multidimensional residual vector satisfies the conditions of consistent projection direction, time continuity and correspondence of residual components.

[0013] Preferably, the residual decoupling processing unit is connected to the virtual desynchronization trajectory construction unit. The virtual desynchronization trajectory construction unit calls the atomic reference response layer and servo loop transfer layer of the joint state prediction unit to remove quantum synchronization correction constraints while maintaining the integral memory state, control quantity boundary, locking segment label and shared state variable time index, generating a servo free closed loop trajectory without external correction input, and pairing the servo free closed loop trajectory with the predicted state containing quantum synchronization correction constraints according to the same source state variable and the same time index.

[0014] Preferably, the anomaly attribution output unit generates a loop gain attenuation score, a control terminal bias score, an integral saturation score, and an atomic resonance point drift score based on the difference between the servo free closed-loop trajectory and the predicted state containing quantum synchronization correction constraints, and performs source consistency verification between each score and the internal servo degradation residual and the external synchronization disturbance residual. When the source identifier corresponding to the difference in the same source state is inconsistent with the source of the residual, the anomaly attribution output section retains the residual source conflict mark and the corresponding time index.

[0015] Preferably, the anomaly attribution output unit performs time-series merging of loop gain attenuation score, control terminal bias score, integral saturation score, atomic resonance point drift score, and residual source conflict marker according to the locked segment label, forming a state identifier including normal locking, external synchronization disturbance, internal servo degradation, synchronization masking degradation, and mixed anomaly, and establishes a traceable association between the state identifier and the corresponding multidimensional residual vector, servo free closed-loop trajectory segment, quantum synchronization correction segment, shared state variable time index, and source consistency verification result.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By constructing a servo state sequence under the same time base from the frequency discrimination error signal, demodulation phase deviation signal, loop filter output, local oscillator frequency control, lockout status flag, quantum synchronization phase deviation, frequency correction, and synchronization residual information, and using atomic reference response constraints, servo closed-loop transfer constraints, and quantum synchronization correction constraints to generate a predicted state, the observations originally scattered on the servo and synchronization sides can be incorporated into the same state comparison object. The multidimensional residuals formed by the predicted and measured states can be separated into internal servo degradation residuals and external synchronization disturbance residuals after being projected by loop bandwidth attribution, synchronization correction direction, error zeroing trend, and control continuity. Thus, control drift, phase residual fluctuation, and error signal oscillation are no longer merely used as objects for exceeding limits, but are converted into residual components with source attributes, enabling the monitoring results to correspond to different state sources such as loop gain attenuation, control terminal bias, integral saturation, atomic resonance point drift, or external synchronization disturbances, solving the main technical problem of the difficulty in attributing mixed residuals.

[0017] 2. In addition to the aforementioned key technical effects, the common sampling sequence, locked segment labels, phase continuation markers, control hold markers, and synchronization correction direction markers can reduce state mismatches caused by cross-segment synchronization correction inputs, ensuring the servo state sequence maintains temporal continuity and closed-loop semantic consistency. Shared state variables enable the atomic reference response layer, servo loop transfer layer, and quantum synchronization correction layer to be updated under the same time index, avoiding confusion between external correction inputs and internal loop parameters. The virtual desynchronization trajectory, while maintaining the integral memory state, control quantity boundaries, and locked segment labels, eliminates quantum synchronization correction constraints, forming a servo free closed-loop reference without external correction inputs. By pairing this reference with the predicted state containing quantum synchronization correction constraints, and combining source consistency verification and timing merging, residual source conflict markers can be retained, and state identifiers such as normal locking, external synchronization disturbance, internal servo degradation, synchronization masking degradation, and mixed anomalies can be formed, enabling the monitoring record to have a traceable state chain. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall flowchart of the atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system for quantum synchronization according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the servo state sequence construction and segment marking process of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the joint state prediction and residual decoupling process of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the virtual desynchronization trajectory and anomaly attribution output of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a state monitoring system for an atomic clock servo circuit for quantum synchronization, including a servo state sequence construction unit, a joint state prediction unit, a residual decoupling processing unit, and an anomaly attribution output unit connected according to the same time base. The servo state sequence construction unit receives the frequency discrimination error signal, demodulation phase deviation signal, loop filter output, local oscillator frequency control quantity, lockout status flag, and phase deviation, frequency correction quantity, and synchronization residual information of the quantum synchronization process from the atomic clock servo circuit, and forms a servo state sequence with a time index. The joint state prediction unit generates a predicted state based on atomic reference response constraints, servo closed-loop transfer constraints, and quantum synchronization correction constraints. The residual decoupling processing unit forms a multidimensional residual based on the predicted state and the measured state, and separates the multidimensional residual into internal servo degradation residual and external synchronization disturbance. The residual; the anomaly attribution output unit generates a servo circuit status identifier based on the separation result. In specific implementation, the various signals received by the servo state sequence construction unit all come from the existing operating data of the atomic clock servo control link and the quantum synchronization correction link, without introducing additional acquisition objects unrelated to the atomic clock servo circuit. The joint state prediction unit places the frequency discrimination error, demodulation phase deviation, loop filter output, local oscillator frequency control, and synchronization residual information in the same closed-loop state vector. The residual decoupling processing unit separates the predicted differences based on the direction, continuity, and source constraints. The anomaly attribution output unit forms a status identifier only based on the source and time index of the separated residuals. This embodiment enables the quantum synchronization external correction and servo internal degradation to be distinguished in the same monitoring link through the coordinated configuration of the same time base, joint prediction, and source separation.

[0021] In this embodiment, the servo state sequence construction unit records the frequency discrimination error signal as an observation of atomic reference deviation, the demodulation phase deviation signal as an observation of servo closed-loop phase pullback, the loop filter output as an observation of closed-loop memory state, the local oscillator frequency control quantity as an observation of control execution, the lock state flag as a discrete observation of segment boundary, and the quantum synchronization phase deviation, frequency correction quantity, and synchronization residual information as external synchronization correction observations. The resulting servo state sequence does not use a single amplitude exceeding the limit as the judgment basis, but instead writes the change direction of adjacent sampling times, control and hold relationship, correction application relationship, and lock segment relationship into the state vector. The joint state prediction unit generates a predicted state with the same field arrangement and the same time index as the measured state. The residual decoupling processing unit then separates the prediction difference under the same field. This embodiment avoids the synchronization residual, control quantity drift, and frequency discrimination error return being interpreted separately in different data coordinates by implementing field homology and time homology.

[0022] In this embodiment, the atomic reference response constraint of the joint state prediction unit is used to limit the monotonic relationship of the frequency discrimination error signal relative to the resonant center offset. The servo closed-loop transfer constraint is used to limit the inheritance relationship between the loop filter output, the local oscillator frequency control quantity, and the integral memory. The quantum synchronization correction constraint is used to limit the additional traction relationship between the external phase deviation and the frequency correction quantity on the local oscillator frequency control quantity. When the predicted state is generated, the quantum synchronization correction quantity is not directly incorporated into the loop gain or the resonant center parameter. Instead, the external synchronization input is retained as an independent state component. Therefore, the residual decoupling processing unit can determine whether the drift simultaneously satisfies the external synchronization correction direction, the error return-to-zero trend, and the loop control continuity when the control quantity drifts in the same direction. In this embodiment, by maintaining the boundary between the internal state parameters and the external synchronization input, the masking phenomenon caused by the closed-loop compensation can be identified by the subsequent residual projection.

[0023] ; in, This is the measured state vector at time index t. This is the frequency discrimination error signal. To demodulate the phase deviation signal, This is the output of the loop filter. This is the local oscillator frequency control quantity. This is a lock status flag. For quantum synchronization phase deviation, This is the quantum synchronization frequency correction quantity. To synchronize residual information, To predict the state vector, For multidimensional residual vectors, This represents the transpose of a vector, if at a certain moment... Take positive and Change in the same direction If the residual is kept at zero, the calculated residual is more likely to enter the direction of external synchronization disturbance. No corresponding change Continuous bias and If the homing speed slows down, the residual after the calculation is more likely to enter the internal servo degradation direction.

[0024] Preferably, refer to Figure 2 The servo state sequence construction unit establishes a common sampling sequence according to the timestamps of the servo control clock and the quantum synchronization clock. It performs phase continuity processing on the frequency discrimination error signal and the demodulation phase deviation signal, performs control direction normalization processing on the loop filter output and the local oscillator frequency control, and divides the effective closed loop segment with the lock state flag. The quantum synchronization phase deviation, frequency correction amount and synchronization residual information are embedded in the same segment. For the synchronization correction input that crosses the segment boundary, it is written to the corresponding sampling position according to the application time and the holding time to form a joint state vector containing the internal servo quantity, the external synchronization quantity and the segment boundary mark. In specific implementation, the common sampling sequence uses the timestamps that can be traced by both the servo control link and the quantum synchronization correction link as the index. If the arrival time of the quantum synchronization data is between adjacent servo samples, the application time is written to the nearest control effective position, and the subsequent positions covered by the holding time are marked as the continuation interval of the same synchronization correction input. In this embodiment, the common time index and segment boundary mark prevent cross-link sampling differences from being misinterpreted as servo degradation.

[0025] In this embodiment, phase continuity processing does not change the physical meaning of the frequency discrimination error signal and the demodulation phase deviation signal. Instead, it converts the jumps caused by phase wrapping between adjacent samples into continuous changes. During processing, the minimum equivalent change of the adjacent phase difference is used as the written value, and the original phase interval identifier is retained. Control direction normalization processing uses the control polarity of the local oscillator frequency control quantity on the output frequency as the reference, mapping the loop filter output quantity and the local oscillator frequency control quantity to the same positive and negative directions, so that positive control corresponds to the frequency pull in the same direction in the joint state vector. The lock state flag is used to separate data other than lock entry, steady-state lock, and lock exit from the effective closed-loop segment, avoiding large phase swings in the non-closed-loop process from participating in servo degradation judgment. This embodiment makes the servo state sequence have a comparable mathematical form through phase continuity, control in the same direction, and closed-loop segment consistency processing. The servo state sequence fields and processing rules are shown in Table 1.

[0026] Table 1 shows the servo state sequence fields and processing rules. Table 1 illustrates the processing relationship of internal servo quantities, external synchronization quantities, segment boundary quantities, and paired index quantities in the data writing stage of the servo state sequence construction unit. The internal servo quantities retain the original timestamp and control direction for subsequent verification of control continuity. The external synchronization quantities retain the correction direction and hold interval to determine whether the change in local oscillator control quantity is caused by quantum synchronization. The segment boundary quantities retain the lock state switching position to exclude unclosed-loop data. The paired index quantities retain the corresponding relationship between the predicted state and the measured state to construct multidimensional residuals. In this embodiment, the field organization method shown in Table 1 provides a stable data foundation for subsequent joint prediction and residual decoupling.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, reference Figure 3 The joint state prediction unit includes an atomic reference response layer, a servo loop transfer layer, and a quantum synchronization correction layer that share state variables. The atomic reference response layer defines the correspondence between the frequency discrimination slope, the resonance center offset, and the polarity of the error signal. The servo loop transfer layer defines the closed-loop relationship between the loop gain, integral memory, control delay, and control quantity boundary. The quantum synchronization correction layer defines the pulling relationship between the phase deviation, frequency correction amount, and synchronization residual information on the local oscillator frequency control amount. The frequency discrimination error, phase deviation, and local oscillator frequency control amount are used as shared state variables among the three layers. In specific implementation, the atomic reference response layer outputs constraints on the direction of frequency discrimination error change, the servo loop transfer layer outputs constraints on the direction of control quantity change and recovery trajectory, and the quantum synchronization correction layer outputs constraints on the time period applied to the external correction input. The three layers of constraints jointly generate the predicted state for the next moment. In this embodiment, by sharing state variables, the three types of constraints are calculated around the same closed-loop state.

[0028] ; in, The predicted state for the next time index. For atomic reference response mapping, Including candidate parameters for frequency discrimination slope and candidate parameters for resonance center, For servo closed-loop transfer mapping. This includes the equivalent gain, equivalent delay, and integral memory state. For quantum synchronization correction mapping, The external correction vector is composed of quantum synchronization phase deviation, frequency correction amount, and synchronization residual information. For the direction and hold interval parameters of the external correction input, if At a certain time, the index had no input. A larger control offset is still needed to match the measured state; therefore, the corresponding difference will be updated internally as a servo parameter. If the direction of change of the control quantity is consistent with that of the local oscillator within the maintenance interval, the corresponding difference is retained as the external correction component.

[0029] Furthermore, the atomic reference response layer updates the candidate frequency discrimination slope based on the relative direction of the frequency discrimination error signal and the demodulated phase deviation signal within the effective closed-loop segment. When the polarity of the error signal is inconsistent with the direction of the phase deviation, the offset mark of the candidate resonance center is retained. The servo loop transfer layer updates the equivalent gain and equivalent delay based on the timing relationship between the loop filter output and the local oscillator frequency control, and updates the integral memory state when the control is close to the boundary or remains in the same direction for a long time. The quantum synchronization correction layer updates the application range of the external correction input based on the correspondence between the phase deviation, the frequency correction, and the synchronization residual information. The frequency discrimination error, phase deviation, and local oscillator frequency control shared by the three layers participate in the updates of each layer simultaneously but do not repeatedly write different meanings. This embodiment avoids the same observation difference being interpreted by multiple layers simultaneously by separating the candidate quantity from the shared variable.

[0030] In one embodiment, the residual decoupling processing unit assembles the frequency discrimination error prediction difference, phase deviation prediction difference, loop filter output prediction difference, local oscillator frequency control prediction difference, and synchronization residual prediction difference into a multidimensional residual vector, and constructs a residual projection basis based on loop bandwidth assignment, quantum synchronization correction direction, error zeroing trend, and control quantity continuity. The residual projection basis includes a first direction set corresponding to the internal state of the servo closed loop and a second direction set corresponding to the external disturbance of quantum synchronization. The multidimensional residual vector is projected onto the first direction set and the second direction set, respectively. In a specific implementation, the first direction set consists of internal state directions such as gain attenuation, control bias, integral saturation, and resonance point drift, while the second direction set consists of external disturbance directions such as synchronization phase abrupt change, synchronization correction reversal, and synchronization residual diffusion. During projection, the magnitude and direction sign of the same residual vector in the two direction sets are retained. In this embodiment, by separating the direction sets, the residual is no longer used only as an over-limit quantity.

[0031] ; in, For internal servo degradation residuals, For the residual of external synchronization disturbance. Let be the projection basis matrix formed by the set of the first direction. Let be the projection basis matrix formed by the set of second directions. Let I be the projection shrinkage factor, and I be the identity matrix. If the value is 0, the projection is performed according to the original correlation in the residual direction. Taking a positive value results in component shrinkage when the correlation of the projection basis is high. If the local oscillator frequency control prediction error and the synchronization residual prediction error both increase simultaneously along the second direction, then... If the loop filter output prediction error and the frequency discrimination error prediction error are consecutively present along the first direction, then... It accounts for the majority.

[0032] Preferably, the construction of the residual projection basis also incorporates frequency domain allocation based on loop bandwidth assignment. Residual components located within the servo closed-loop response range and consistent with the control quantity are preferentially included in the first direction set, while residual components located within the quantum synchronization correction application interval and consistent with the external correction direction are preferentially included in the second direction set. The error zeroing trend is used to determine whether the residual conforms to the closed-loop recovery path. If the frequency discrimination error prediction difference does not change along the zeroing direction after the control quantity changes, the residual projection basis retains the internal degradation candidate direction. If the synchronization residual prediction difference shows a short-term change after the frequency correction quantity is applied and then recovers, the residual projection basis retains the external disturbance candidate direction. This embodiment uses the combination of loop bandwidth, correction direction, zeroing trend, and control continuity constraints to make the residual projection physically traceable.

[0033] In the above embodiments, the servo state sequence construction unit sets segment labels for the lock-in segment, steady-state lock-in segment, and lock-out segment in the common sampling sequence, and sets continuity verification fields for the loop filter output holding quantity and the local oscillator frequency control quantity transition quantity between adjacent segments. When the quantum synchronization frequency correction quantity spans two segments, the servo state sequence construction unit splits the synchronization residual information into the corresponding segments according to the correction application time, and writes the phase continuation mark, control holding mark, and synchronization correction direction mark at the segment boundary into the joint state vector. In specific implementation, the error pullback in the lock-in segment has not yet stabilized, the control quantity and error zeroing relationship in the steady-state lock-in segment can be used for state prediction, the residual change in the lock-out segment is used to identify the state transition before unlocking, and the cross-segment synchronization correction input is split according to the time coverage relationship and participates in the prediction and residual calculation of the corresponding segment. In this embodiment, the segment labels and continuity verification fields ensure that the same synchronization correction input will not be repeated or omitted at the segment boundary.

[0034] In this embodiment, the loop filter output holding quantity between adjacent segments is used to determine whether the integral memory state is inherited from the previous closed-loop segment. The local oscillator frequency control quantity transition quantity is used to determine whether there is a sudden change caused by asynchronous correction at the control end. The phase continuation mark is used to connect adjacent segments after phase continuity processing. The control holding mark is used to record whether the loop filter output quantity maintains the same control trend when switching segments. The synchronous correction direction mark is used to record the pulling direction of the frequency correction quantity on the local oscillator control quantity. When the synchronous correction input crosses the locking entry segment and the steady-state locking segment, the residual in the entry segment is only used for correction application recording. The residual in the steady-state locking segment is used for closed-loop prediction comparison. This embodiment reduces the confusion between internal degradation residual and external synchronous disturbance residual caused by segment switching by writing the segment semantics into the joint state vector.

[0035] Furthermore, the joint state prediction unit configures the atomic reference response layer with candidate values ​​for the discrimination slope and candidate values ​​for the resonance center, which are updated with the locked segment; it configures the servo loop transfer layer with equivalent gain and equivalent delay, which are updated together with the integral memory state; and it configures the quantum synchronization correction layer with an external correction input that is consistent with the phase deviation direction. The shared state variables are written to the three layers through the same time index. The external correction input is updated with a state distinct from the loop gain, equivalent delay, and candidate values ​​for the resonance center using an independent field. The application interval of the external correction input is bound to the corresponding predicted state. In specific implementation, the candidate values ​​for the discrimination slope and candidate values ​​for the resonance center are updated only within the locked segment by the correspondence between the phase deviation and the discrimination error. The equivalent gain and equivalent delay are updated only by the response relationship between the loop filter output and the local oscillator frequency control. The external correction input is updated only by the quantum synchronization phase deviation and the frequency correction. This embodiment avoids parameter source overlap by updating with independent fields.

[0036] In this embodiment, the candidate quantity of the frequency discrimination slope is used to describe the sensitivity of the frequency discrimination error signal to the offset of the atomic reference center; the candidate quantity of the resonance center is used to describe the slow-varying offset of the atomic reference response center; the equivalent gain quantity is used to describe the proportional relationship between the loop filter output quantity and the local oscillator frequency control quantity; the equivalent delay quantity is used to describe the time misalignment between the control output and the error response; the integral memory state is used to describe the cumulative effect of historical errors on the current control quantity; and the external correction input quantity is used to describe the independent pull of the quantum synchronization process on the local oscillator frequency control quantity. All candidate quantities are updated with time index and locked segment label as constraints and are not re-estimated in the unlocked segment. This embodiment keeps the joint state prediction consistent with the closed-loop mechanism of the atomic clock servo circuit through the source boundary and update boundary of the candidate quantities.

[0037] In one embodiment, the residual decoupling processing unit sets a gain attenuation basis, a control bias basis, an integral saturation basis, and a resonance point drift basis in the first direction set, and sets a synchronous phase jump basis, a synchronous correction reverse basis, and a synchronous residual diffusion basis in the second direction set. The residual decoupling processing unit performs correlation constraints on the first direction set and the second direction set, and writes the corresponding residual component into the corresponding direction set when the same multidimensional residual vector satisfies the consistency of projection direction, time continuity, and correspondence of residual components. Specifically, the gain attenuation basis corresponds to a residual structure where the error returns to zero more slowly and the control response weakens; the control bias basis corresponds to a residual structure where the local oscillator frequency control prediction error continues to deviate and the quantum synchronous correction direction cannot explain it; the integral saturation basis corresponds to a residual structure where the loop filter output remains in the same direction of accumulation; and the resonance point drift basis corresponds to a residual structure where the relationship between the frequency discrimination error and the phase deviation changes slowly. In this embodiment, the semanticization of basis vectors allows for further attribution of internal degradation types.

[0038] In this embodiment, the synchronous phase mutation basis corresponds to the residual structure where the quantum synchronous phase deviation changes within a short time and the servo internal error still conforms to the zero-return trend. The synchronous correction reverse basis corresponds to the residual structure where the frequency correction amount and the local oscillator control amount prediction difference show opposite directions of pull. The synchronous residual diffusion basis corresponds to the residual structure where the synchronous residual information continuously deviates and does not correspond to the internal servo prediction difference. The correlation constraint is used to restrict highly similar directions in the first direction set and the second direction set from absorbing the same residual component at the same time. The consistent projection direction requires that the residual sign does not undergo repeated jumps without corresponding reasons within the same time window. The time continuity requires that the residual source maintains traceability and inheritance in adjacent sampling. The correspondence of residual components requires that there is a common source change path between the error signal, the control amount and the synchronous residual. In this embodiment, through correlation constraint and continuity constraint, the same residual will not be occupied by two sources at the same time.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, reference Figure 4The residual decoupling processing unit is connected to the virtual desynchronization trajectory construction unit. The virtual desynchronization trajectory construction unit calls the atomic reference response layer and servo loop transfer layer of the joint state prediction unit to remove quantum synchronization correction constraints while maintaining the integral memory state, control quantity boundaries, locking segment labels, and shared state variable time indexes. This generates a servo free closed-loop trajectory without external correction input. The servo free closed-loop trajectory is then paired with the predicted state containing quantum synchronization correction constraints according to the same source state variables and the same time index. In specific implementation, the virtual desynchronization trajectory does not modify the already formed measured state sequence. Instead, it recalculates the predicted state under the same initial integral memory state and the same control quantity boundaries. The external correction input is set to an empty input. The atomic reference response layer and the servo loop transfer layer maintain the same candidate quantity update rules as the original prediction process. This embodiment provides a servo closed-loop reference without quantum synchronization traction by constructing a comparison trajectory.

[0040] ; in, This represents the state of the servo free closed-loop trajectory at the next time index without external correction input. For the predicted state including quantum synchronization correction constraints, For differences in homologous states, if If the difference mainly appears in the local oscillator frequency control field and coincides with the application range of the quantum synchronization frequency correction, then the difference is interpreted as a synchronization pull contribution. If the error returns to zero slowly and the control quantity remains biased after removing external corrections, the difference is interpreted as the synchronous correction masking the internal degradation.

[0041] Furthermore, the virtual desynchronization trajectory construction unit retains the segment labels of the lock-in segment, steady-state lock-in segment, and lock-out segment when generating the servo free closed-loop trajectory, ensuring that the state comparison in different segments does not cross the semantic boundary of the closed loop. While maintaining the integral memory state, the cumulative influence of the historical loop filter output is inherited into the free closed-loop trajectory, so that the memory characteristics of the servo closed loop itself can still be reflected after removing the external synchronization correction. While maintaining the control quantity boundary, the local oscillator frequency control quantity in the free closed-loop trajectory will not exceed the original servo control range, so that the comparison result does not introduce a state that cannot be realized by the original control link. While maintaining the shared state variable time index, each field of the free closed-loop trajectory and the predicted state containing the synchronization correction can be paired point by point. Through these maintenance conditions, this embodiment makes the virtual desynchronization comparison reproducible and feasible.

[0042] In one embodiment, the anomaly attribution output unit generates a loop gain attenuation score, a control bias score, an integral saturation score, and an atomic resonance point drift score based on the source state difference between the servo free closed-loop trajectory and the predicted state containing quantum synchronization correction constraints. Each score is then checked for source consistency with the internal servo degradation residual and the external synchronization disturbance residual. When the source identifier corresponding to the source state difference is inconsistent with the residual source, the anomaly attribution output unit retains the residual source conflict marker and the corresponding time index. Specifically, the loop gain attenuation score is generated jointly by the error zeroing change, the control response change, and the gain attenuation basis projection component in the first direction set. The control bias score is generated jointly by the local oscillator frequency control prediction difference, the external correction direction inconsistency record, and the control bias basis projection component. The integral saturation score is generated jointly by the loop filter output hold-up and the integral saturation basis projection component. The atomic resonance point drift score is generated jointly by the slow-varying relationship between the frequency discrimination error and the phase deviation and the resonance point drift basis projection component. This embodiment, through the linkage between the score and the source verification, ensures that the attribution output does not solely depend on the magnitude of a single residual.

[0043] ; in, This is the score for the j-th type of internal state at time index t, where j represents loop gain decay, control terminal bias, integral saturation, and atomic resonance point drift, respectively. This refers to the component in the differences between homologous states that corresponds to the internal state of the j-th class. This corresponds to the component in the internal servo degradation residual. This represents the corresponding component in the residual of the external synchronization disturbance. Marking the source of residual conflicts. , , and For weighting coefficients with fixed meanings within the same category, if A value of 1 indicates a conflict between the differences in the same origin states and the source of the residuals. Setting it to 0 indicates that the source is consistent. and Simultaneously increase and If the value is small, the corresponding internal state score increases. If the external disturbance residual accounts for the majority of the score, the deduction item in the score suppresses the attribution of internal anomalies.

[0044] In this embodiment, the source consistency check is based on the directional relationship between the differences in the same source state, the internal servo degradation residual, and the external synchronization disturbance residual. If the difference between the servo free closed-loop trajectory and the predicted state with synchronization correction is mainly explained by the external correction application interval, but the residual projection enters the first direction set, then the residual source conflict mark is retained and the corresponding time index is recorded. If the differences in the same source state show that the error returns to zero more slowly after removing the synchronization correction, and the residual projection enters the gain attenuation basis or the integral saturation basis, then the source consistency check passes. If the synchronization residual diffusion basis accounts for the main component and the servo free closed-loop trajectory maintains the normal return-to-zero path, then the state output is biased towards the external synchronization disturbance. This embodiment, by retaining the conflict mark, enables the subsequent state identifier to reflect the boundary situation of synchronization correction masking degradation and mixed anomalies.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the anomaly attribution output unit performs time-series merging of loop gain attenuation scores, control terminal bias scores, integral saturation scores, atomic resonance point drift scores, and residual source conflict markers according to the locked segment labels, forming state identifiers including normal locking, external synchronization disturbances, internal servo degradation, synchronization masking degradation, and mixed anomalies. The state identifiers are then linked to the corresponding multidimensional residual vectors, servo free closed-loop trajectory segments, quantum synchronization correction segments, shared state variable time indexes, and source consistency verification results in a traceable manner. Specifically, the time-series merging uses continuous state scores and conflict markers within the same locked segment as input, without merging across the locking entry segment, steady-state locking segment, and locking exit segment. After the state identifiers are generated, the residual segments, free closed-loop segments, and synchronization correction segments corresponding to the generated identifiers are retained. This embodiment, through intra-segment time-series merging, ensures that single-point fluctuations do not directly cover continuous state sources.

[0046] In this embodiment, normal locking corresponds to a segment where both the internal servo degradation residual and the external synchronization disturbance residual are within the baseline residual band and there is no conflict in the source consistency check. External synchronization disturbance corresponds to a segment where the second direction set component is the main source and the servo free closed-loop trajectory does not show continuous accumulation of internal degradation scores. Internal servo degradation corresponds to a segment where the first direction set component is the main source and the difference in the same source state supports the internal state score. Synchronization masking degradation corresponds to a segment where the predicted state containing synchronization correction remains converged while the servo free closed-loop trajectory shows accumulation of internal degradation scores. Mixed anomalies correspond to a segment where both the first and second direction sets have continuous components and the source conflict markers cannot be eliminated within the same segment. After establishing a correlation between the state identifier and the multidimensional residual vector, the servo free closed-loop trajectory segment, the quantum synchronization correction segment, and the shared state variable time index, the monitoring results can be traced back to the specific field and segment that formed the state identifier. This embodiment ensures consistency between the monitoring record and the residual decoupling process through the traceable organization of the state identifier.

[0047] In practical implementation, the anomaly attribution output unit can use an intra-segment state machine to achieve timing merging. The inputs of the state machine are loop gain attenuation score, control terminal bias score, integral saturation score, atomic resonance point drift score, internal servo degradation residual, external synchronization disturbance residual, residual source conflict flag, and locked segment label. The transition conditions of the state machine do not use isolated single-point limit crossing, but use residual direction with consistent source within a continuous time index, same-source state difference, and segment label. If the first direction set component appears continuously within the segment and the external synchronization disturbance residual is insufficient to explain it, the state label transitions to internal servo degradation. If the second direction set component appears continuously within the segment and the free closed-loop trajectory remains at zero, the state label transitions to external synchronization disturbance. If the state containing synchronization correction converges but the free closed-loop trajectory does not converge, the state label transitions to synchronization masking degradation. In this embodiment, the output label is matched with the state evolution of atomic clock servo closed loop and quantum synchronization correction through state machine constraints.

[0048] In the combined implementation of the above embodiments, the servo state sequence construction unit first writes the internal servo quantity, quantum synchronization external synchronization quantity, and segment boundary quantity of the atomic clock servo circuit into the joint state vector. The joint state prediction unit then generates a predicted state with synchronization correction using the atomic reference response layer, servo loop transmission layer, and quantum synchronization correction layer. The residual decoupling processing unit forms a multidimensional residual between the predicted state and the measured state and projects it into the internal servo degradation residual and the external synchronization disturbance residual. The virtual desynchronization trajectory construction unit generates a servo free closed-loop trajectory after removing the quantum synchronization correction constraint. The anomaly attribution output unit generates a state identifier based on the difference of the same source state, the residual projection result, and the source consistency verification. This constitutes a closed-loop implementation path from data construction, state prediction, residual separation, trajectory comparison, to anomaly attribution. In this embodiment, through the same time base transmission and same source field pairing between the processing units, the problem of difficult attribution of mixed residuals in the background art is decomposed into a computable, verifiable, and traceable state monitoring process.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring the state of an atomic clock servo circuit for quantum synchronization, characterized in that, It includes a servo state sequence construction unit connected by the same time base, a joint state prediction unit, a residual decoupling processing unit, and an anomaly attribution output unit; The servo state sequence construction unit receives the frequency discrimination error signal, demodulation phase deviation signal, loop filter output, local oscillator frequency control, lock status flag, and phase deviation, frequency correction and synchronization residual information of the quantum synchronization process from the atomic clock servo circuit, and forms a servo state sequence with time index. The joint state prediction unit generates the predicted state based on atomic reference response constraints, servo closed-loop transfer constraints, and quantum synchronization correction constraints. The residual decoupling processing unit forms a multidimensional residual based on the predicted state and the measured state, and separates the multidimensional residual into internal servo degradation residual and external synchronization disturbance residual. The anomaly attribution output unit generates a servo circuit status identifier based on the separation results.

2. The quantum synchronization oriented atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that The servo state sequence construction unit establishes a common sampling sequence according to the timestamps of the servo control clock and the quantum synchronization clock, performs phase continuity processing on the frequency discrimination error signal and the demodulation phase deviation signal, performs control direction normalization processing on the loop filter output and the local oscillator frequency control, and divides the effective closed loop segment with the lock state flag, embedding the quantum synchronization phase deviation, frequency correction and synchronization residual information into the same segment. For synchronous correction inputs that cross segment boundaries, the corresponding sampling positions are written according to the application time and holding time to form a joint state vector containing internal servo quantities, external synchronization quantities, and segment boundary markers.

3. The quantum synchronization oriented atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein The joint state prediction unit includes an atomic reference response layer, a servo loop transfer layer, and a quantum synchronization correction layer that share state variables with each other. The atomic reference response layer defines the correspondence between the frequency discrimination slope, the resonant center offset, and the polarity of the error signal. The servo loop transmission layer defines the closed-loop relationship between the loop gain, integral memory, control delay, and control quantity boundary. The quantum synchronization correction layer defines the pulling relationship between the phase deviation, frequency correction amount, and synchronization residual information on the local oscillator frequency control amount, and uses the frequency discrimination error, phase deviation, and local oscillator frequency control amount as shared state variables among the three layers.

4. The quantum synchronization oriented atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein The residual decoupling processing unit combines the frequency discrimination error prediction difference, phase deviation prediction difference, loop filter output prediction difference, local oscillator frequency control prediction difference, and synchronization residual prediction difference into a multi-dimensional residual vector, and constructs a residual projection basis based on loop bandwidth assignment, quantum synchronization correction direction, error zeroing trend, and control quantity continuity. The residual projection basis includes a first set of directions corresponding to the internal state of the servo closed loop and a second set of directions corresponding to the external disturbance of quantum synchronization. The multidimensional residual vector is projected onto the first set of directions and the second set of directions, respectively.

5. The atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system for quantum synchronization according to claim 2, characterized in that, The servo state sequence construction unit sets segment labels for the lock entry segment, steady-state lock segment, and lock exit segment in the common sampling sequence, and sets continuity verification fields for the loop filter output quantity holding quantity and the local oscillator frequency control quantity transition quantity between adjacent segments; When the quantum synchronization frequency correction spans two segments, the servo state sequence construction unit splits the synchronization residual information into the corresponding segments according to the correction application time, and writes the phase continuation mark, control maintenance mark and synchronization correction direction mark at the segment boundary into the joint state vector.

6. The atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system for quantum synchronization according to claim 3, characterized in that, The joint state prediction unit configures the atomic reference response layer with the frequency discrimination slope candidate quantity and the resonance center candidate quantity updated with the locked segment, configures the servo loop transmission layer with the equivalent gain quantity and the equivalent delay quantity updated together with the integral memory state, and configures the quantum synchronization correction layer with the external correction input quantity consistent with the phase deviation direction. The shared state variables are written to the three layers through the same time index. The external correction input is used as an independent field to distinguish the loop gain, equivalent delay and resonance center candidate, and the application interval of the external correction input is bound to the corresponding predicted state.

7. The atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system for quantum synchronization according to claim 4, characterized in that, The residual decoupling processing unit sets a gain attenuation base, a control bias base, an integral saturation base, and a resonance point drift base in the first direction set, and sets a synchronous phase abrupt change base, a synchronous correction reverse base, and a synchronous residual diffusion base in the second direction set. The residual decoupling processing unit performs correlation constraints on the first direction set and the second direction set, and writes the corresponding residual component into the corresponding direction set when the same multidimensional residual vector satisfies the conditions of consistent projection direction, time continuity and correspondence of residual components.

8. The atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system for quantum synchronization according to claim 3, characterized in that, The residual decoupling processing unit is connected to the virtual desynchronization trajectory construction unit. The virtual desynchronization trajectory construction unit calls the atomic reference response layer and servo loop transfer layer of the joint state prediction unit to remove quantum synchronization correction constraints while maintaining the integral memory state, control quantity boundary, locking segment label and shared state variable time index, generating a servo free closed loop trajectory without external correction input, and pairing the servo free closed loop trajectory with the predicted state containing quantum synchronization correction constraints according to the same source state variable and the same time index.

9. The atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system for quantum synchronization according to claim 8, characterized in that, The anomaly attribution output unit generates a loop gain attenuation score, a control terminal bias score, an integral saturation score, and an atomic resonance point drift score based on the difference between the servo free closed-loop trajectory and the predicted state containing quantum synchronization correction constraints. The unit then performs source consistency verification between each score and the internal servo degradation residual and the external synchronization disturbance residual. When the source identifier corresponding to the difference in the same source state is inconsistent with the source of the residual, the anomaly attribution output section retains the residual source conflict mark and the corresponding time index.

10. The atomic clock servo circuit state monitoring system for quantum synchronization according to claim 9, characterized in that, The anomaly attribution output unit performs time-series merging of loop gain attenuation scores, control terminal bias scores, integral saturation scores, atomic resonance point drift scores, and residual source conflict markers according to the locked segment labels, forming state identifiers including normal locking, external synchronization disturbance, internal servo degradation, synchronization masking degradation, and mixed anomalies. The state identifiers are then linked to the corresponding multidimensional residual vectors, servo free closed-loop trajectory segments, quantum synchronization correction segments, shared state variable time indexes, and source consistency verification results in a traceable manner.

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