A high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method, system, device and medium

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of circuit breaker analysis technology, and discloses a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic method and system for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot. The method includes: acquiring the displacement-time curve of the moving contact during the closing process, generating a velocity-time curve and an acceleration-time curve; identifying the point of contact where the contact just closes; using the point of contact as a reference, searching for a point on the velocity-time curve where the velocity is zero along the increasing time direction from the moment of contact just closes, determining this as the point of maximum overshoot travel, and acquiring the maximum overshoot displacement at the corresponding moment; based on this, extracting a set of basic parameters describing the geometric characteristics of the overshoot travel; and extracting a set of dynamic parameters describing the overshoot motion characteristics and a set of buffer characteristic parameters describing the working state of the buffer; and outputting a multi-dimensional feature vector. This invention can comprehensively characterize the dynamic process of contact collision and buffer damping, effectively distinguish different fault modes, improve the accuracy and interpretability of diagnosis, and achieve long-term stability monitoring and gradual degradation early warning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit breaker analysis technology, and in particular to a method, system, equipment and medium for diagnosing multidimensional dynamic parameters of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage circuit breakers are core equipment in power systems, responsible for breaking and closing normal and fault currents. Their operational reliability directly affects power grid safety. Statistics show that approximately 70% of high-voltage circuit breaker failures originate from mechanical problems, with buffer performance degradation and abnormal contact collisions being two typical mechanical failure modes. Existing technologies have conducted some research on overshoot analysis, but they typically focus only on a single amplitude parameter, failing to systematically utilize dynamic information such as velocity changes, acceleration changes, and energy dissipation during the overshoot process. Therefore, effective means for online evaluation of buffer performance are still lacking.

[0003] However, existing technologies still have some shortcomings. There is a lack of precise methods for locating the contact point; most solutions use the displacement threshold method, which is greatly affected by individual differences, temperature, and wear, resulting in positioning errors on the order of milliseconds and distorting overshoot parameter extraction. The concepts of overshoot stroke and overtravel are often confused, or the overshoot stroke is simply defined as the maximum displacement minus the steady-state displacement, failing to accurately extract the overshoot amplitude using the contact point as the zero point. Furthermore, current technologies often neglect dynamic information such as velocity changes, acceleration changes, and energy dissipation during the overshoot process, which are crucial for evaluating buffer performance. As a key component for controlling overshoot, the performance degradation of the buffer, such as oil leakage or seal aging, cannot be directly quantified and assessed through online monitoring, relying solely on manual judgment during power outage maintenance. Different types of faults, such as buffer damping attenuation, overdamping, abnormal contact collisions, and mechanism jamming, exhibit different characteristics in overshoot dynamic parameters, but currently, no mapping rules between parameters and faults have been established, leading to significant deficiencies in diagnostic accuracy and interpretability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides a method and system for diagnosing multi-dimensional dynamic parameters of overshoot in high-voltage circuit breakers, which solves the problem that current technologies cannot accurately extract multi-dimensional dynamic parameters of overshoot stroke, making it difficult to quantitatively evaluate buffer performance and diagnose faults online.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot, comprising: Obtain the displacement-time curve of the moving contact during the closing process; Differentiate the displacement-time curve to generate velocity-time and acceleration-time curves; Based on the waveform characteristics of the velocity-time curve and / or acceleration-time curve, the point of contact is identified, including the moment of contact and the displacement of contact. Using the point of contact as a reference, search for the point where the velocity is zero along the velocity-time curve from the moment of contact. Determine the moment when the velocity changes from positive to zero as the point of maximum overshoot and obtain the maximum overshoot displacement at the corresponding moment. Based on the rigid displacement and the maximum overshoot displacement, a set of basic parameters describing the geometric characteristics of the overshoot stroke is extracted. Based on the velocity-time curve and acceleration-time curve, within the overshoot window from the moment of engagement to the moment of maximum overshoot stroke, a set of dynamic parameters describing the overshoot motion characteristics and a set of buffer characteristic parameters describing the working state of the buffer are extracted. The output contains a multi-dimensional feature vector that includes at least the basic parameter set, the dynamic parameter set, and the buffer characteristic parameter set, which is used to evaluate the buffer performance and mechanical state of the circuit breaker.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot described in this invention, the method includes: identifying the rigid contact point based on the waveform characteristics of the velocity-time curve and / or acceleration-time curve, including: The first negative extreme point on the acceleration-time curve is selected as a candidate for the point of contact. Obtain the waveform of the velocity-time curve in the region near the candidate point of contact, verify whether the first derivative of the velocity-time curve in the region crosses zero, and verify whether the rate of increase of velocity in the region changes from positive to negative. In response to the successful verification, the time and displacement corresponding to the candidate rigid point are determined as the rigid point time and the rigid point displacement, respectively.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot described in this invention, the method further includes: determining the moment when the first velocity changes from positive to zero as the maximum overshoot stroke point, and obtaining the maximum overshoot displacement at the corresponding moment; If multiple candidate points with zero velocity are found along the direction of increasing time on the velocity-time curve, then the displacement value corresponding to each candidate point is obtained; The time and displacement corresponding to the candidate point with the largest displacement value are respectively determined as the time of the maximum overshoot stroke point and the maximum overshoot displacement.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot described in this invention, the method includes: extracting a set of dynamic parameters describing the overshoot motion characteristics, including: The maximum value on the speed-time curve within the overshoot window is taken as the maximum overshoot speed. Search for the minimum value on the acceleration-time curve within the overshoot window, and take the absolute value of the minimum value as the maximum overshoot deceleration; Divide the maximum overshoot velocity by the overshoot window duration to obtain the average overshoot deceleration; take the first derivative of the acceleration-time curve to obtain the impact curve; search for the maximum absolute value of the impact curve within the overshoot window as the impact parameter.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot described in this invention, the method involves: extracting a set of buffer characteristic parameters for the buffer's operating state, including: Obtain the equivalent mass of the moving contact and transmission components, and calculate the buffer absorption energy by performing time integration or discrete summation on the product of acceleration and velocity within the overshoot window; Divide the buffer absorbed energy by the overshoot stroke amplitude to obtain the average buffer resistance; Within the overshoot window, the displacement change is divided into multiple intervals. The average acceleration corresponding to each interval is calculated and the drag increment is estimated. A linear regression is performed on the displacement change and the drag increment, and the regression slope is used as the buffer stiffness coefficient.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot described in this invention, it further includes: The overshoot amplitude values ​​extracted from multiple closing operations are collected, a sliding window containing the data of the most recent N operations is constructed, and the ratio of the standard deviation to the average value of the overshoot amplitude values ​​within the window is calculated as the coefficient of variation of the overshoot amplitude values. The coefficient of variation is added as a statistical stability parameter to the multidimensional feature vector and output.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot described in this invention, it further includes: Obtain the rate of change of each parameter in the multi-dimensional feature vector relative to its respective baseline value; The rate of change and the combination patterns between parameters are matched with a preset fault diagnosis rule base. In response to any of the following rules being matched: buffer damping attenuation, excessive buffer damping or mechanism jamming, abnormal contact collision, or degradation of operating mechanism consistency, the corresponding diagnostic conclusion and warning signal are output.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic system for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire the displacement-time curve of the moving contact during the closing process; The curve generation module is used to differentiate the displacement-time curve and generate velocity-time and acceleration-time curves. The identification module is used to identify the point of contact based on the waveform characteristics of the velocity-time curve and / or acceleration-time curve, wherein the point of contact includes the moment of contact and the displacement of contact. The search module is used to search for a point on the velocity-time curve where the velocity is zero along the direction of increasing time from the moment of contact, with the point of contact as the reference. The moment when the velocity changes from positive to zero is determined as the point of maximum overshoot, and the maximum overshoot displacement at the corresponding moment is obtained. The first extraction module is used to extract a set of basic parameters describing the geometric characteristics of the overshoot stroke based on the rigid displacement and the maximum overshoot displacement. The second extraction module is used to extract the set of dynamic parameters describing the overshoot motion characteristics and the set of buffer characteristic parameters describing the working state of the buffer within the overshoot window from the moment of engagement to the moment of maximum overshoot stroke, based on the velocity-time curve and the acceleration-time curve. The output module is used to output a multi-dimensional feature vector containing at least a set of basic parameters, a set of dynamic parameters, and a set of buffer characteristic parameters, for evaluating the buffer performance and mechanical state of the circuit breaker.

[0014] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device, comprising: Memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot.

[0015] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the aforementioned method for diagnosing multidimensional dynamic parameters of a high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention accurately extracts the overshoot amplitude based on the contact point, making the physical meaning of this parameter clear for buffer performance diagnosis. Based on this, it extracts multi-dimensional dynamic parameters such as velocity, acceleration, and impact intensity during the overshoot process, thus comprehensively characterizing the dynamic process of contact collision and buffer damping. Furthermore, it transforms the buffer absorbed energy, average resistance, and buffer stiffness coefficient, which originally relied on offline testing, into quantitative indicators that can be monitored online, providing a direct basis for buffer condition-based maintenance. By constructing multi-parameter fusion diagnostic rules, it can effectively distinguish different fault modes such as buffer damping attenuation, overdamping, abnormal contact collision, and degradation of mechanism consistency, thereby improving the accuracy and interpretability of diagnosis. In addition, it can utilize sliding window coefficient of variation and dynamic trend analysis to achieve long-term stability monitoring and gradual degradation early warning, upgrading post-event alarms to pre-event warnings, and expanding signal analysis from the conventional velocity and time dimensions to the acceleration, impact intensity, and energy integral levels, promoting the optimization of circuit breaker online monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall framework of a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the closing displacement-time curve, the point of rigid closing, the maximum overshoot travel point, and the overtravel in a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 As an embodiment of the present invention, a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot is provided, comprising: S100: Obtain the displacement-time curve of the moving contact during the closing process; S200: Differentiate the displacement-time curve to generate velocity-time and acceleration-time curves; S300: Identify the point of contact based on the waveform characteristics of the velocity-time curve and / or acceleration-time curve, wherein the point of contact includes the moment of contact and the displacement of contact. S400: Using the point of contact as a reference, search for a point where the velocity is zero along the velocity-time curve from the moment of contact along the direction of increasing time. Determine the moment when the velocity changes from positive to zero as the point of maximum overshoot and obtain the maximum overshoot displacement at the corresponding moment. S500: Based on the rigid displacement and the maximum overshoot displacement, extract the set of basic parameters describing the geometric characteristics of the overshoot stroke; S600: Based on the velocity-time curve and acceleration-time curve, within the overshoot window from the moment of engagement to the moment of maximum overshoot stroke, extract the set of dynamic parameters describing the overshoot motion characteristics and the set of buffer characteristic parameters describing the working state of the buffer. S700: The output contains a multi-dimensional feature vector that includes at least the basic parameter set, dynamic parameter set, and buffer characteristic parameter set, which is used to evaluate the buffer performance and mechanical state of the circuit breaker.

[0023] It should be noted that during the closing process, the moving contact moves at high speed towards the stationary contact under the drive of the operating mechanism. When the moving contact and the stationary contact first make contact, this position is the point of initial contact. Because the moving contact still has a high speed at the moment of contact, it will continue to move forward beyond the point of initial contact under the action of inertia until its speed drops to zero. This stage is called the overshoot stroke. The overshoot stroke amplitude is the displacement difference from the point of initial contact to the point of maximum overshoot displacement. This dynamic change value is closely related to the condition of the buffer, contact wear, and the consistency of the operating mechanism.

[0024] However, current overshoot analysis often confuses overshoot with overtravel, or simply defines it as "maximum displacement minus steady-state displacement," failing to accurately extract the overshoot amplitude using the contact point as the zero point. Furthermore, it often focuses only on a single amplitude parameter, neglecting dynamic information such as velocity changes, acceleration changes, and energy dissipation during the overshoot process—information crucial for evaluating buffer performance. The contact point is the benchmark for all overshoot parameters, and its positioning accuracy directly affects the reliability of all subsequent parameters. Currently, the displacement threshold method is commonly used, but this method is greatly affected by individual differences, temperature, wear, and other factors, with errors reaching millisecond levels, leading to distorted overshoot parameter extraction. Buffers cannot be directly assessed for their energy absorption capacity, damping coefficient, stiffness, and other characteristics through online monitoring; they can only be assessed manually during power outage maintenance. Different types of faults (buffer damping attenuation, buffer overdamping, abnormal contact collisions, mechanism jamming, etc.) exhibit different characteristic patterns in overshoot dynamic parameters, but no mapping rules between parameters and faults have been established, resulting in insufficient accuracy and interpretability of the diagnosis.

[0025] Therefore, steps S100-S700 were set up. By identifying the contact point and the maximum overshoot point, multi-dimensional parameters such as overshoot amplitude, overshoot duration, maximum overshoot speed, maximum overshoot deceleration, average overshoot deceleration, overshoot acceleration change rate (impact), buffer absorbed energy, buffer stiffness coefficient, overshoot stroke anomaly coefficient, and overshoot were systematically extracted. A diagnostic rule base between parameters and fault types was established to realize online quantitative assessment and early warning of faults such as buffer performance degradation, abnormal contact collision, and consistency degradation of operating mechanism.

[0026] Example 2, based on the above implementation method, referring to Figures 1-3 As an embodiment of the present invention, a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot is provided.

[0027] Before explaining the specific solution, the core parameters will be described as follows: The point of initial contact: the moment and displacement at which the moving contact and the stationary contact first make contact during the closing process, denoted as _____. This point is the reference zero point for the overshoot stroke.

[0028] Maximum overshoot point: The maximum displacement reached by the moving contact during the overshoot phase, where the velocity is zero, denoted as . .

[0029] Overshoot amplitude: The unit is mm.

[0030] Overshoot process: from arrive The time interval, the length of which is .

[0031] Overtravel: The moving contact stabilizes at its position after the overshoot oscillation has completely decayed. and The difference can be expressed as: .

[0032] Based on the above, the present invention provides a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot, comprising: S100: Obtain the displacement-time curve of the moving contact during the closing process; In one optional implementation, the S100 acquisition process can utilize a non-contact displacement sensor to collect the travel displacement-time curve data of the moving contact during the closing process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, with a sampling frequency of not less than 10kHz and a measurement accuracy better than ±0.1mm.

[0033] In another alternative implementation, the displacement-time curve of the moving contact can also be obtained using a contact displacement sensor, such as a linear variable differential transformer or a potentiometer displacement sensor, with its measuring rod mechanically connected to the moving contact or insulating rod to directly measure the linear displacement change; or, non-contact measurement can be performed using laser triangulation or pulse time-of-flight principle.

[0034] S200: Differentiate the displacement-time curve to generate velocity-time and acceleration-time curves; Specifically, in S200, the displacement-time curve Perform smoothing filtering, such as FIR low-pass filtering, with a cutoff frequency of 200~500Hz, and calculate the first-order velocity curve (velocity-time curve) using differentiation. And second-order acceleration curves (acceleration-time curves) .

[0035] In another alternative implementation, S200 can also dynamically adjust the filtering parameters according to the local signal-to-noise ratio of the displacement signal, for example, by using Kalman filtering or a filtering method based on empirical mode decomposition, in order to preserve the transient characteristics of the overshoot phase.

[0036] S300: Identify the point of contact based on the waveform characteristics of the velocity-time curve and / or acceleration-time curve, wherein the point of contact includes the moment of contact and the displacement of contact. In this embodiment of the application, step S300 identifies the point of contact based on the waveform characteristics of the velocity-time curve and / or acceleration-time curve, including the following steps A1-A3: A1: The first negative extreme point on the acceleration-time curve is selected as a candidate for the point of contact. A2: Obtain the waveform of the velocity-time curve in the region near the candidate point of contact, verify whether the first derivative of the velocity-time curve in the region crosses zero, and verify whether the rate of increase of velocity in the region changes from positive to negative. A3: In response to the successful verification, the time and displacement corresponding to the candidate rigid point are determined as the rigid point time and the rigid point displacement, respectively.

[0037] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 In sections A1-A3, the point of contact is automatically identified on the acceleration and velocity curves. At the point of contact, the moving contact and the stationary contact make their first contact, the acceleration curve shows a significant negative jump (or peak), and the velocity curve shows an inflection point or a significant slowdown in its growth rate. A comprehensive criterion is used to locate the acceleration curve. The first significant negative extreme point (minimum) on the time axis is denoted as . Candidate; Verification speed curve exist Check if there is an inflection point nearby (i.e., the first derivative is zero); if both coincide, it is confirmed as a point of perfect coincidence. Record. and .

[0038] S400: Using the point of contact as a reference, search for a point where the velocity is zero along the velocity-time curve from the moment of contact along the direction of increasing time. Determine the moment when the velocity changes from positive to zero as the point of maximum overshoot and obtain the maximum overshoot displacement at the corresponding moment. Specifically, the S400 uses the point of contact as a reference to locate the point of maximum overshoot. This is reflected in the speed curve. From Begin searching backwards to find the first moment when the velocity changes from positive to zero. Simultaneously verify the displacement curve. exist This is a local maximum. (Record) and .

[0039] In this embodiment of the application, S400 determines the moment when the first velocity changes from positive to zero as the point of maximum overshoot and obtains the maximum overshoot displacement at the corresponding moment, and also includes B1-B2: B1: If multiple candidate points with zero velocity are found along the time-increasing direction on the velocity-time curve, then obtain the displacement value corresponding to each candidate point; B2: The time and displacement corresponding to the candidate point with the largest displacement value are respectively determined as the time of the maximum overshoot stroke point and the maximum overshoot displacement.

[0040] It should be noted that B1-B2 refers to the zero point corresponding to the maximum displacement if there are fluctuations near the zero point of velocity.

[0041] S500: Based on the rigid displacement and the maximum overshoot displacement, extract the set of basic parameters describing the geometric characteristics of the overshoot stroke; Specifically, the basic parameters for extracting overstroke stroke in S500 may include: Overshoot amplitude: ; Duration of overshoot: .

[0042] S600: Based on the velocity-time curve and acceleration-time curve, within the overshoot window from the moment of engagement to the moment of maximum overshoot stroke, extract the set of dynamic parameters describing the overshoot motion characteristics and the set of buffer characteristic parameters describing the working state of the buffer. In this embodiment of the application, step S600 extracts a set of dynamic parameters describing the overshoot motion characteristics, including steps C1-C3: C1: The maximum value on the search speed-time curve within the overshoot window is taken as the maximum overshoot speed; C2: Search for the minimum value on the acceleration-time curve within the overshoot window, and take the absolute value of the minimum value as the maximum overshoot deceleration; C3: Divide the maximum overshoot velocity by the overshoot window duration to obtain the average overshoot deceleration; take the first derivative of the acceleration-time curve to obtain the impact curve; search for the maximum absolute value of the impact curve within the overshoot window as the impact parameter.

[0043] Specifically, in C1-C3: Maximum overshoot speed In the overshoot interval Inside( Search (1~3ms) The maximum value is usually located near or slightly before the point of contact.

[0044] Overshoot maximum deceleration In the overshoot interval Internal acceleration The absolute value of the minimum (negative maximum) of , i.e. .

[0045] Overshoot average deceleration : (Assume the overshoot end velocity is zero).

[0046] Overshoot rate of change (impact intensity) : Calculate the first derivative of acceleration Take within the overshoot interval The absolute values ​​of the maximum (positive impact) and minimum (negative impact) values ​​reflect the smoothness of the buffer intervention and the severity of the impact: . Excessive force will cause severe impact and will damage the arc-extinguishing chamber and buffer in the long run.

[0047] In this embodiment of the application, step S600 extracts the set of buffer characteristic parameters of the buffer's working state, including steps D1-D3: D1: Obtain the equivalent mass of the moving contact and transmission components, and calculate the buffer absorption energy by performing time integration or discrete summation on the product of acceleration and velocity within the overshoot window; D2: Divide the buffer absorbed energy by the overshoot stroke amplitude to obtain the average buffer resistance; D3: Within the overshoot window, the displacement change is divided into multiple intervals. The average acceleration corresponding to each interval is calculated and the resistance increment is estimated. A linear regression is performed on the displacement change and the resistance increment, and the regression slope is used as the buffer stiffness coefficient.

[0048] Specifically, in D1-D3: Buffer absorbs energy The kinetic energy of the moving contact absorbed by the buffer and other damping elements within the overshoot interval. This is calculated through numerical integration. ,in This refers to the resistance generated by the buffer. Since the resistance cannot be directly measured, Newton's second law can be used: the net external force acting on the moving contact... ,and ,in For the driving force of the operating mechanism, This is the contact reaction force of the contact head.

[0049] For simplicity, the change in kinetic energy within the overshoot interval is approximated as the total energy absorbed by the buffer and contact collisions: .

[0050] Among them, equivalent quality It can be obtained through circuit breaker design parameters or offline calibration; for example, it can be obtained by summing the mass of moving parts (including moving contacts, insulating rods, and part of the transmission components) in the circuit breaker design manual, or it can be obtained by back-calculating using known buffer characteristics through offline closing tests.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, a more precise method is: (Work done by the net external force), calculate the sum of absolute values.

[0052] Buffer average resistance : The unit is .

[0053] Buffer stiffness coefficient This characterizes the rate of change of the buffer resistance with compressive displacement. Within the overshoot range, the displacement... from arrive Divide the data into several segments and estimate the average acceleration of each segment. Then the resistance increment displacement increment ,right Performing linear regression, the slope is... , unit N / mm. A large value indicates a "stiff" buffer, meaning the resistance increases sharply with compression. A small value indicates a "soft" buffer, meaning the resistance increases slowly.

[0054] In this embodiment of the application, S600 further includes: The overshoot amplitude values ​​extracted from multiple closing operations are collected, a sliding window containing the data of the most recent N operations is constructed, and the ratio of the standard deviation to the average value of the overshoot amplitude values ​​within the window is calculated as the coefficient of variation of the overshoot amplitude values. The coefficient of variation is added as a statistical stability parameter to the multidimensional feature vector and output.

[0055] Specifically, the statistical stability parameters for overstroke are extracted from the S600: Overshoot amplitude variation coefficient Set the length of the sliding window. (Recommended N=10~20), the window contains the most recent Measurements obtained during the second closing operation Value, calculate the mean and standard deviation , .when If the value exceeds 0.20, an abnormality in the consistency of the operating mechanism is indicated.

[0056] It should be noted that the sliding window length can be adaptively adjusted for circuit breakers with high operating frequency (such as dozens of operations per day). A smaller value of 10-15 can be used; for circuit breakers with extremely low operating frequency (such as a few times a year). A larger value of 20-30 can be used, or a time window (such as operations within the last 30 days) can be used.

[0057] In one alternative implementation, refer to Figure 2 The S600 may also include the extraction of overtravel parameters: Specifically, identify the stable position of the moving contact after the overshoot oscillation has completely decayed. (Usually, the average displacement within 5-10 ms after the overshoot is taken) Calculate the overtravel. .

[0058] S700: The output contains a multi-dimensional feature vector that includes at least the basic parameter set, dynamic parameter set, and buffer characteristic parameter set, which is used to evaluate the buffer performance and mechanical state of the circuit breaker.

[0059] For example, based on the above-described multiple implementation methods, the S700 outputs a multi-dimensional feature vector, which may be: Eigenvector = .

[0060] In this embodiment of the application, S700 further includes: Obtain the rate of change of each parameter in the multi-dimensional feature vector relative to its respective baseline value; The rate of change and the combination patterns between parameters are matched with a preset fault diagnosis rule base. In response to any of the following rules being matched: buffer damping attenuation, excessive buffer damping or mechanism jamming, abnormal contact collision, or degradation of operating mechanism consistency, the corresponding diagnostic conclusion and warning signal are output.

[0061] For example, the rules in S700 can be adjusted according to the actual situation, or can be set in the following manner: Rule 1 (Buffer Damping Attenuation): If Increase (more than 20% above baseline) Reduce (more than 15%) Decrease and If the increase is normal or slight, the damping of the buffer will decrease, such as due to oil leakage or aging of the seal.

[0062] Rule 2 (Overdamped / Stuck buffer): If Reduce Enlarge shorten and If the damping remains basically unchanged, then the buffer damping is too large or the mechanism is stuck.

[0063] Rule 3 (Abnormal Contact Collision): If Abnormal increase (more than 50% of baseline) Significantly increased and If the situation is basically normal, then poor contact alignment or improper initial gap of the buffer may cause a hard collision.

[0064] Rule 4 (Operating Mechanism Consistency Degradation): If The value has been rising continuously above 0.20. Large fluctuations and Large fluctuations indicate wear, poor lubrication, or loose parts in the mechanism.

[0065] Rule 5 (Abnormal Buffer Stiffness): If If the deviation from the baseline exceeds 30%, there is an internal fault in the buffer, such as a broken spring or a clogged oil hole.

[0066] Furthermore, the key parameters mentioned above are recorded for each closing operation throughout the entire lifecycle, forming a time series, and a degradation trend curve is generated using exponential smoothing. An early warning is issued when the parameter change rate exceeds a set threshold.

[0067] In summary, this invention accurately extracts the overshoot amplitude based on the contact point, unlike the traditional method of subtracting steady-state displacement from maximum displacement. This makes the physical meaning of the parameters clear, directly reflecting the dynamic displacement change of the moving contact beyond the contact point, thus providing a clearer diagnostic direction. Furthermore, it extracts the dynamic holographic parameters of the overshoot process, including maximum overshoot velocity, maximum deceleration, average deceleration, and rate of change of acceleration (impact), characterizing the dynamic process of the collision between the moving and stationary contacts and the damping effect of the buffer from different dimensions, providing rich information for fault mode identification.

[0068] The overall solution extracts buffer absorption energy, average resistance, and buffer stiffness coefficients, transforming buffer performance indicators—originally reliant on offline testing or empirical judgment—into quantifiable parameters that can be monitored online, providing a direct basis for buffer condition-based maintenance. Based on a multi-parameter fusion-based fault diagnosis rule base, it can distinguish different fault modes such as buffer damping attenuation, overdamping / jamming, abnormal contact collisions, and degradation of mechanism consistency, improving diagnostic accuracy and interpretability. By combining sliding window coefficient of variation and dynamic trend analysis, it achieves long-term stability monitoring and gradual degradation early warning of overshoot parameters, transforming post-event alarms into pre-event warnings and buying time for condition-based maintenance.

[0069] At the same time, it can fully leverage the high sampling rate and high precision advantages of non-contact laser displacement sensors, elevating the utilization of displacement data from conventional speed and time parameters to the levels of second-order differential (acceleration), third-order differential (impact), and energy integration, thereby promoting the intelligent optimization of circuit breaker online monitoring technology.

[0070] Example 3: Based on the above implementation method, this example provides specific data to verify the feasibility of the multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffer diagnosis method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot.

[0071] (1) Extraction of overshoot parameters of normal circuit breaker Taking an SF6 circuit breaker with a rated voltage of 126kV and a spring-operated mechanism as an example, a diffuse reflection laser displacement sensor with a sampling frequency of 15kHz was used to collect closing displacement data. After filtering and differentiation, the rigid closing point was automatically identified. =38.2ms, =38.6mm; Maximum overshoot point =42.4ms, =41.1mm. Calculation yields: =2.5mm, =4.2ms, =1.22m / s, =480m / s 2 , =290m / s 2 , =1800m / s 3 , =0.5×m×1.22 2 (Pick =5kg, yielding 3.72J). The regression yielded 152 N / mm. The value for the last 10 tests was 0.09. According to diagnostic rules, this is considered normal.

[0072] (2) Oil leakage in the buffer leads to damping attenuation. After the same circuit breaker has been in operation for 3 years, the parameters change as follows: =3.7mm (48% increase) =5.6ms (33% longer) =198m / s 2 (Decrease of 32%) =0.5×5×1.25 2 =3.91J (not much change, because) (Small changes) =89N / mm (a decrease of 41%). =0.17. In Diagnostic Example 2, Rule 1 of S700 was triggered: buffer damping attenuation, and buffer overhaul was recommended. On-site disassembly confirmed that the buffer seal was aged and leaking approximately 25% oil. This example verified the sensitivity of deceleration and stiffness.

[0073] Example 4 illustrates a schematic scheme for a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot. It should be noted that the technical solution of this system for multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot belongs to the same concept as the technical solution of the aforementioned method for multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot. Details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the description of the aforementioned method for multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot.

[0074] This embodiment provides a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic system for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot, including: The acquisition module is used to acquire the displacement-time curve of the moving contact during the closing process; The curve generation module is used to differentiate the displacement-time curve and generate velocity-time and acceleration-time curves. The identification module is used to identify the point of contact based on the waveform characteristics of the velocity-time curve and / or acceleration-time curve, wherein the point of contact includes the moment of contact and the displacement of contact. The search module is used to search for a point on the velocity-time curve where the velocity is zero along the direction of increasing time from the moment of contact, with the point of contact as the reference. The moment when the velocity changes from positive to zero is determined as the point of maximum overshoot, and the maximum overshoot displacement at the corresponding moment is obtained. The first extraction module is used to extract a set of basic parameters describing the geometric characteristics of the overshoot stroke based on the rigid displacement and the maximum overshoot displacement. The second extraction module is used to extract the set of dynamic parameters describing the overshoot motion characteristics and the set of buffer characteristic parameters describing the working state of the buffer within the overshoot window from the moment of engagement to the moment of maximum overshoot stroke, based on the velocity-time curve and the acceleration-time curve. The output module is used to output a multi-dimensional feature vector containing at least a set of basic parameters, a set of dynamic parameters, and a set of buffer characteristic parameters, for evaluating the buffer performance and mechanical state of the circuit breaker.

[0075] This embodiment also provides a computer device applicable to a case of multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement the method for implementing multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0076] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0077] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment belongs to the same inventive concept as the multidimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for high voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot proposed in the above embodiments. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiments.

[0078] From the above description of the implementation methods, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented using software and necessary general-purpose hardware. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, hard disk, or optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0079] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic method for overshoot during closing of a high-voltage circuit breaker, characterized in that, include: Obtain the displacement-time curve of the moving contact during the closing process; Differentiate the displacement-time curve to generate velocity-time and acceleration-time curves; Based on the waveform characteristics of the velocity-time curve and / or acceleration-time curve, the point of contact is identified, including the moment of contact and the displacement of contact. Using the point of contact as a reference, search for the point where the velocity is zero along the velocity-time curve from the moment of contact. Determine the moment when the velocity changes from positive to zero as the point of maximum overshoot and obtain the maximum overshoot displacement at the corresponding moment. Based on the rigid displacement and the maximum overshoot displacement, a set of fundamental parameters describing the geometric characteristics of the overshoot stroke is extracted. Based on the velocity-time curve and acceleration-time curve, within the overshoot window from the moment of engagement to the moment of maximum overshoot stroke, a set of dynamic parameters describing the overshoot motion characteristics and a set of buffer characteristic parameters describing the working state of the buffer are extracted. The output contains a multi-dimensional feature vector that includes at least the basic parameter set, the dynamic parameter set, and the buffer characteristic parameter set, which is used to evaluate the buffer performance and mechanical state of the circuit breaker.

2. The method for diagnosing multi-dimensional dynamic parameters of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Identify the point of contact based on the waveform characteristics of the velocity-time curve and / or acceleration-time curve, including: The first negative extreme point on the acceleration-time curve is selected as a candidate for the point of contact. Obtain the waveform of the velocity-time curve in the region near the candidate point of contact, verify whether the first derivative of the velocity-time curve in the region crosses zero, and verify whether the rate of increase of velocity in the region changes from positive to negative. In response to the successful verification, the time and displacement corresponding to the candidate rigid point are determined as the rigid point time and the rigid point displacement, respectively.

3. The method for diagnosing multi-dimensional dynamic parameters of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The moment when the first velocity changes from positive to zero is defined as the point of maximum overshoot, and the maximum overshoot displacement at the corresponding moment is obtained, which also includes: If multiple candidate points with zero velocity are found along the direction of increasing time on the velocity-time curve, then the displacement value corresponding to each candidate point is obtained; The time and displacement corresponding to the candidate point with the largest displacement value are respectively determined as the time of the maximum overshoot stroke point and the maximum overshoot displacement.

4. The method for diagnosing multi-dimensional dynamic parameters of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Extract the set of dynamic parameters describing the overshoot motion characteristics, including: The maximum value on the speed-time curve within the overshoot window is taken as the maximum overshoot speed. Search for the minimum value on the acceleration-time curve within the overshoot window, and take the absolute value of the minimum value as the maximum overshoot deceleration; Divide the maximum overshoot velocity by the overshoot window duration to obtain the average overshoot deceleration; take the first derivative of the acceleration-time curve to obtain the impact curve; search for the maximum absolute value of the impact curve within the overshoot window as the impact parameter.

5. The method for diagnosing multi-dimensional dynamic parameters of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Extract the set of buffer characteristic parameters for the buffer's operating state, including: Obtain the equivalent mass of the moving contact and transmission components, and calculate the buffer absorption energy by performing time integration or discrete summation on the product of acceleration and velocity within the overshoot window; Divide the buffer absorbed energy by the overshoot stroke amplitude to obtain the average buffer resistance; Within the overshoot window, the displacement change is divided into multiple intervals. The average acceleration corresponding to each interval is calculated and the drag increment is estimated. A linear regression is performed on the displacement change and the drag increment, and the regression slope is used as the buffer stiffness coefficient.

6. The method for diagnosing multi-dimensional dynamic parameters of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The overshoot amplitude values ​​extracted from multiple closing operations are collected, a sliding window containing the data of the most recent N operations is constructed, and the ratio of the standard deviation to the average value of the overshoot amplitude values ​​within the window is calculated as the coefficient of variation of the overshoot amplitude values. The coefficient of variation is added as a statistical stability parameter to the multidimensional feature vector and output.

7. The method for diagnosing multi-dimensional dynamic parameters of high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain the rate of change of each parameter in the multi-dimensional feature vector relative to its respective baseline value; The rate of change and the combination patterns between parameters are matched with a preset fault diagnosis rule base. In response to any of the following rules being matched: buffer damping attenuation, excessive buffer damping or mechanism jamming, abnormal contact collision, or degradation of operating mechanism consistency, the corresponding diagnostic conclusion and warning signal are output.

8. A multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic system for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot, using the method described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the displacement-time curve of the moving contact during the closing process; The curve generation module is used to differentiate the displacement-time curve and generate velocity-time and acceleration-time curves. The identification module is used to identify the point of contact based on the waveform characteristics of the velocity-time curve and / or acceleration-time curve, wherein the point of contact includes the moment of contact and the displacement of contact. The search module is used to search for a point on the velocity-time curve where the velocity is zero along the direction of increasing time from the moment of contact, with the point of contact as the reference. The moment when the velocity changes from positive to zero is determined as the point of maximum overshoot, and the maximum overshoot displacement at the corresponding moment is obtained. The first extraction module is used to extract a set of basic parameters describing the geometric characteristics of the overshoot stroke based on the rigid displacement and the maximum overshoot displacement. The second extraction module is used to extract the set of dynamic parameters describing the overshoot motion characteristics and the set of buffer characteristic parameters describing the working state of the buffer within the overshoot window from the moment of engagement to the moment of maximum overshoot stroke, based on the velocity-time curve and the acceleration-time curve. The output module is used to output a multi-dimensional feature vector containing at least a set of basic parameters, a set of dynamic parameters, and a set of buffer characteristic parameters, for evaluating the buffer performance and mechanical state of the circuit breaker.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, include: Memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnosis method for closing overshoot of a high-voltage circuit breaker as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the multi-dimensional dynamic parameter buffering diagnostic method for high-voltage circuit breaker closing overshoot as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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