A parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design

Abstract

This invention discloses a VR-based virtual design simulation system for parking lot decoration, belonging to the field of digital design technology for architectural decoration. The system includes: constructing a semantically annotated 3D basic model by integrating multi-source data from the parking lot's building structure, electromechanical pipelines, and on-site point cloud data; calculating the dynamic visual oppression level of the overhead pipelines and generating pipeline decoration schemes by combining multi-dimensional constraint matrices with dynamic environmental factors such as real-time lighting, pedestrian flow, and vehicle flow; optimizing the layout of wayfinding signs based on a dynamic geometric intersection model and driver cognitive efficiency indicators; performing real-time verification and compliance correction of the design results based on construction constraints; supporting immersive interactive adjustments to the decoration schemes; and finally outputting various standardized design results. The advantages of this invention are: achieving intelligent and digital parking lot decoration design; accurately balancing spatial visual comfort and engineering feasibility; and significantly improving design efficiency and consistency in scheme implementation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital design technology for architectural decoration, specifically to a parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design. Background Technology

[0002] Underground parking lots are a core component of urban transportation infrastructure. With the continuous growth of urban motor vehicle ownership and the expanding scale of parking lot construction, users are placing higher demands on the spatial quality, user experience, and visual comfort of parking lots. The deep application of virtual reality technology in architectural decoration design provides technical support for the digital transformation of parking lot decoration design, driving the design process towards visualization and immersion.

[0003] Existing VR-based parking lot decoration simulation systems mostly focus on static visual effects, failing to quantitatively assess the spatial visual impact of pipeline decorations by incorporating dynamic environmental factors. They also struggle to optimize wayfinding signage layouts from the perspective of driver dynamic cognition. Furthermore, they lack a real-time verification mechanism for construction constraints during the design phase, impacting the practicality and feasibility of the design scheme. Therefore, a VR-based parking lot decoration simulation design system is needed to address the aforementioned issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical issues, a VR-based virtual design simulation system for parking lot decoration is provided. This solution resolves the problems mentioned in the background section regarding existing VR parking lot decoration simulation systems, which focus primarily on static visual presentation, fail to quantify the visual impact of dynamic environmental factors on pipeline decoration, struggle to optimize wayfinding layout from the driver's cognitive perspective, lack real-time verification of construction constraints, and suffer from insufficient practicality and feasibility.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A VR-based virtual design system for parking lot decoration simulation includes: The data acquisition module is used to acquire parking lot building structure data, electromechanical pipeline data and on-site point cloud data, construct a 3D basic model of the parking lot, and perform semantic annotation on the 3D basic model to distinguish structural components, electromechanical pipeline components and decorative area objects. The automatic envelopment module for pipeline decoration is used to extract pipeline outer diameter parameters, material reflectivity parameters, spatial floor height parameters, and pipeline safety distance parameters from electromechanical pipeline components and the 3D basic model of the parking lot, establish a multi-dimensional constraint matrix model, obtain external environmental dynamic factors, calculate the spatial occupancy degree and dynamic visual oppression degree of the top pipeline, and further generate the geometric mesh parameters of the pipeline decoration area boundary and the corresponding shading structure. The wayfinding sign dynamic simulation optimization module is used to set the virtual camera movement trajectory, establish a dynamic geometric intersection judgment model in the three-dimensional space of the parking lot, and simultaneously obtain driver behavior and cognition parameters to calculate wayfinding cognition efficiency index, and iteratively adjust the coordinate parameters and installation posture parameters of the wayfinding sign in the three-dimensional space of the parking lot. The construction constraint verification module is used to obtain preset building construction standard and specification parameters, extract the physical interference limit between the geometric mesh parameters of the corresponding shielding structure and the adjusted wayfinding sign parameters, and correct design results that do not meet construction constraints. The VR immersive interactive model is used to obtain pipeline decoration schemes and wayfinding signage layout schemes, construct virtual design scenes for parking lots, and support real-time interaction and dynamic adjustment of pipeline decoration schemes. The model output module is used to output optimized parking lot decoration construction drawings, virtual walkthrough files, and model files containing decoration parameter information.

[0006] Furthermore, the acquisition of parking lot building structure data, electromechanical pipeline data, and on-site point cloud data to construct a 3D basic model of the parking lot, and semantic annotation of the 3D basic model to distinguish structural components, electromechanical pipeline components, and decorative area objects, specifically includes: The three-dimensional spatial coordinate features and normal vector features of the on-site point cloud data are obtained, and the point cloud is segmented using a region growing algorithm to obtain multiple point cloud clusters. Structural boundary constraint dimensions are extracted from parking lot building structure data and spatially geometrically registered with point cloud clusters to obtain a registered 3D basic coarse model. Extract the pipeline routing axis from the electromechanical pipeline data and embed it into the 3D basic rough model to obtain the 3D basic model of the parking lot; The curvature change rate and topological adjacency relationship of each local geometric mesh are obtained through the 3D basic model of the parking lot; Obtain the semantic category probability vector of each local geometric grid, simultaneously obtain the maximum probability assignment in the semantic category probability vector, classify and label the grid cells to obtain the corresponding structural components and electromechanical pipeline components; Obtain the remaining blank wall and side mesh sets outside the structural components, and extract the boundary closed loops to obtain the decorative area object.

[0007] Furthermore, the extraction of pipeline outer diameter parameters, material reflectivity parameters, spatial floor height parameters, and pipeline safety distance parameters from the electromechanical pipeline components and the three-dimensional basic model of the parking lot, and the establishment of a multi-dimensional constraint matrix model, specifically includes: Based on the electromechanical pipeline components, extract the three-dimensional discrete coordinates of the centerline axis of each pipeline to obtain the pipeline outer diameter parameters; Based on the pipeline outer diameter parameters and pipeline safety distance parameters, the outer contour column of the physical safety passage of each pipeline is obtained. Combined with the spatial floor height parameters, the absolute physical net height from the bottom edge of the pipeline to the ground is calculated to obtain the space occupancy matrix. Obtain surface physical property data of electromechanical pipeline components, determine material reflectivity parameters, construct a two-way reflectivity distribution function matrix, and superimpose it with the space occupancy matrix and space floor height parameters to construct a multi-dimensional constraint matrix model.

[0008] Furthermore, the process of acquiring dynamic factors of the external environment, calculating the spatial occupancy and dynamic visual oppression of the top pipeline, and further generating geometric mesh parameters for the boundary of the pipeline decoration area and the corresponding shading structure specifically includes: The environmental dynamic factors of the target parking lot are obtained at different time periods and under different operating conditions. The environmental dynamic factors include real-time illumination parameters, peak-hour pedestrian density parameters, and vehicle density parameters. Normalized weighted mapping is performed on real-time illumination parameters, peak-hour pedestrian density parameters, and vehicle density parameters to obtain dynamic environment correction coefficients. Based on the multidimensional constraint matrix model, the global illuminance reduction coefficient and spatial visual obstruction rate of the pipeline area under a specific lighting intensity are calculated, and the dynamic visual depression degree is calculated by combining the dynamic environment correction coefficient. The dynamic visual suppression level is compared with the received preset visual suppression level threshold to obtain the set of spatial point cloud clusters that exceed the suppression level. The boundary of the outer three-dimensional convex hull of the excessively repressed spatial point cloud cluster is projected and closed to obtain the boundary of the pipeline decoration area; The boundary of the pipeline decoration area is reconstructed using a mesh topology to obtain the geometric mesh parameters of the corresponding shading structure. The formula for calculating the degree of dynamic visual suppression is as follows: ; In the formula, The degree of dynamic visual oppression, This is a dynamic environment correction factor. For absolute physical clearance, For spatial layer height parameters, For spatial occlusion rate, The material's reflectivity coefficient. , , All of these are preset weighting coefficients.

[0009] Furthermore, the setting of the virtual camera's movement trajectory and the establishment of a dynamic geometric intersection determination model within the three-dimensional space of the parking lot specifically includes: The vehicle's driving path is obtained from the set virtual camera movement trajectory, and the continuous cubic spline interpolation curve function in three-dimensional space is determined. The set virtual camera movement trajectory also includes the vehicle's driving speed and the range of driver's line of sight. By performing time-first derivative differentiation on the interpolation curve function based on the vehicle speed, the position coordinates of the virtual camera in each discrete time frame are obtained. Based on the range of driver's line of sight changes, the limit angle of eye movement is obtained, and a dynamic visual cone spatial boundary radiating from a cone is constructed based on the position coordinates of the virtual camera; Extract the load-bearing column network and the corresponding occlusion structure's geometric mesh located within the dynamic view frustum spatial boundary to obtain the obstacle object; Extract the signage geometry mesh located within the dynamic view frustum spatial boundary to obtain wayfinding signage objects; The origin of the transmitter is established based on the position coordinates of the virtual camera, and beams are emitted from all vertices of the guide-identified object to obtain the driver's line of sight; Based on the parametric equations of each ray in the driver's line of sight, the equations of the triangular facets of the obstacle object and the wayfinding sign object are solved simultaneously to obtain the coordinates of the geometric intersection points of the ray facets; The results are sorted in descending order based on the distance from the geometric intersection point coordinates to the origin of the transmitter. When the intersection point first falls on an obstacle object, a dynamic geometric intersection determination model is obtained to determine if the driver's line of sight is obstructed.

[0010] Furthermore, the step of obtaining driver behavior and cognitive parameters to calculate the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index, and iteratively adjusting the coordinate parameters and installation posture parameters of the wayfinding signs in the three-dimensional space of the parking lot, specifically includes: Based on the dynamic geometric intersection determination model, under any specific view frame, the ratio of the number of rays not occluded by obstacle objects to the total number of rays is obtained, and the effective visual presentation area duty cycle parameter is calculated. The driver's cognitive behavior parameters during the simulation process are obtained. These parameters include the duration of gaze at a specific directional sign, the driving reaction time under sudden road conditions, and the intersection decision time when the vehicle passes through an intersection. Based on the effective visual presentation area duty cycle parameter, vehicle speed, gaze duration, driving reaction time and intersection decision time, a multi-dimensional coupling correlation is performed to calculate the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index. The cognitive efficiency index of wayfinding is compared with the preset cognitive threshold to obtain the frame sequence of perspectives where cognition is not up to standard. Based on the virtual camera coordinates corresponding to the frame sequence of perspectives with inadequate cognition, the blind zone incident angle of the wayfinding sign object is obtained, and the adjustable displacement boundary and adjustable deflection angle matrix of the wayfinding sign are constructed. Based on the blind zone incident angle, adjustable displacement boundary and adjustable deflection angle matrix, with the optimization goal of maximizing the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index, the corrected coordinate vector and corrected attitude deflection angle of the wayfinding sign object are obtained; Based on the corrected coordinate vector and the corrected attitude deflection angle, update the three-dimensional matrix state of the wayfinding sign object in space to obtain the adjusted new state parameters; The adjusted new state parameters are input into the dynamic geometric intersection judgment model for cyclic closed-loop verification until the average cognitive efficiency under the full path view frame is greater than or equal to the preset cognitive threshold, and the final coordinate parameters and installation attitude parameters are obtained. The calculation formula for the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index is as follows: ; In the formula, As an indicator of wayfinding cognitive efficiency, To effectively visually represent the area duty cycle parameter, For vehicle speed, For driving reaction time, For the duration of fixation, Time allotted for decision-making at intersections.

[0011] Furthermore, the process of obtaining preset building construction standard parameters, extracting the physical interference limits between the geometric mesh parameters of the corresponding shielding structure and the adjusted wayfinding sign parameters, and correcting design results that do not meet construction constraints specifically includes: Obtain safety distance red line indicators, including fire pipeline clearance requirements, ceiling installation spacing specifications, and equipment maintenance space benchmarks, from the parameters of building construction standards and specifications; By using the safety distance red line index, the surface vertex coordinates of the corresponding geometric mesh parameters of the shading structure are extracted to obtain the outer boundary limit of the shading structure. Based on the outer boundary clearance of the shielding structure, electromechanical pipeline components, and fire protection pipelines, obtain the spatial hard collision interference value; Based on the safety distance red line index, the expansion and containment box of the adjusted wayfinding sign parameters in three-dimensional space is extracted to obtain the influence domain of wayfinding sign construction. The boundary distance between the construction impact area of ​​wayfinding signs and the equipment maintenance space benchmark and the vehicle passage clearance requirements is calculated to obtain the spatial soft interference margin. When the hard collision interference value is greater than 0 or the soft interference margin is less than 0, an instruction to implement a non-compliance judgment is obtained, the conflict geometric boundary where the interference occurs is automatically extracted, and the geometric mesh parameters of the corresponding shielding structure and the installation coordinates of the wayfinding sign object are extrapolated and compensated in equal steps along the opposite direction of the normal of the safety distance red line index to obtain model parameters that meet the specifications.

[0012] Furthermore, the acquisition of pipeline decoration schemes and wayfinding signage layout schemes, the construction of a virtual design scene for the parking lot, and the support for real-time interaction and dynamic adjustment of the pipeline decoration schemes specifically include: After obtaining the pipeline decoration scheme and wayfinding signage layout scheme verified by construction constraints, geometric mesh thinning and material map baking are performed to obtain lightweight 3D design scheme data. Then, the virtual scene scene graph tree structure is dynamically assembled to obtain the parking lot virtual design scene. The head tracking dynamic pose matrix is ​​obtained, thereby obtaining the user's real-time observation perspective, and the viewport is rendered in real-time in the parking lot virtual design scene; Acquire external interactive control events, generate virtual interactive rays, calculate the geometric intersection of the virtual interactive rays and the boundary of the pipeline decoration area to obtain interactive selection events, continuously monitor the multi-dimensional spatial motion change parameters in the external interactive control events, and obtain the local coordinate transformation increment matrix. The local coordinate transformation increment matrix is ​​applied to the geometric mesh parameters of the occlusion structure to obtain a dynamically adjusted new occlusion geometric model. The adjusted new shading geometry model is re-entered into the construction constraint verification module for real-time red line conflict verification to obtain the real-time interference status values ​​of fire compartments and vehicle passage height. When the real-time intervention status value is non-intrusive, the interaction is confirmed to be legitimate, the update permission instruction is obtained, and the virtual design scene of the parking lot is redrawn.

[0013] Furthermore, a VR-based virtual design simulation method for parking lot decoration is proposed, applied to the simulation design system described above, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Obtain parking lot building structure data, electromechanical pipeline data, and on-site point cloud data to construct a 3D basic model of the parking lot, and perform semantic annotation to divide each component object; Step 2: Extract the spatial physical parameters of the electromechanical pipelines and the three-dimensional basic model to construct a multi-dimensional constraint matrix model, and combine the dynamic factors of the external environment to calculate the dynamic visual oppression of the top pipelines. Based on this, generate the geometric mesh parameters of the pipeline decoration area boundary and the shading structure. Step 3: Establish a dynamic geometric intersection determination model between wayfinding sign objects, obstacle objects, and the driver's line of sight, and calculate the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index in combination with the driver's behavioral cognitive parameters. When the index is lower than the preset cognitive threshold, iteratively adjust the coordinate parameters and installation posture parameters of the wayfinding sign. Step 4: Based on the parameters of building construction standards and specifications, perform physical boundary conflict verification between the generated shielding structure geometric mesh parameters and the adjusted wayfinding sign parameters, and perform compliance correction for unqualified design results; Step 5: Respond to the multi-dimensional spatial motion change parameters in the external interactive control events, and perform real-time adjustment, conflict verification, and scene redrawing of the geometric mesh of the occlusion structure; Step 6: Reverse transform the optimized design data to output the corresponding parking lot decoration construction drawings, virtual walkthrough files, and model files containing decoration parameter information.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This solution proposes a parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design. By extracting parameters such as pipeline outer diameter, material reflectivity, spatial floor height, and safety distance, a multi-dimensional constraint matrix model is constructed. Combined with environmental dynamic factors such as real-time lighting, pedestrian density, and vehicle density, the dynamic visual oppression degree of the top pipeline is calculated. The geometric mesh parameters of the pipeline decoration area boundary and the corresponding shading structure are automatically generated, realizing the parameterized automatic generation of pipeline decoration schemes. It can adapt to the spatial visual needs under different operating conditions and accurately match the pipeline distribution form and spatial visual comfort requirements.

[0015] 2. This solution proposes a parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design. By setting the virtual camera movement trajectory, which includes vehicle driving path, speed, and driver's line of sight, a dynamic geometric intersection judgment model of wayfinding signs, obstacles, and driver's line of sight is established. The system integrates the effective visual presentation area duty cycle with cognitive behavior parameters such as driver's gaze duration, driving reaction time, and intersection decision time to calculate the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index. The system iteratively adjusts the three-dimensional coordinates and installation posture parameters of the wayfinding signs, realizing the optimization of wayfinding layout based on the driver's dynamic cognitive characteristics. This ensures the continuous visibility and efficient recognition of wayfinding signs throughout the vehicle's driving path.

[0016] 3. This solution proposes a parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design. By acquiring the safety distance red line index in the building construction standards and specifications, extracting the physical interference limits of the geometric grid parameters of the shading structure and the wayfinding sign parameters, it performs real-time verification and compliance correction. Combined with VR immersive interaction, it realizes real-time adjustment and dynamic conflict verification of the decoration scheme, achieving deep integration of the design process and construction specifications. It can avoid physical interference problems in advance during the design stage, ensuring the engineering feasibility and consistency of the design scheme. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a system framework diagram of the parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the dynamic visual suppression deduction process of the automatic envelopment module for pipeline decoration proposed in this invention. Figure 3This is a flowchart illustrating the iterative optimization process for the cognitive efficiency of the wayfinding signage dynamic simulation optimization module proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is an overall flowchart of a parking lot decoration simulation design method based on VR virtual design proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1 This embodiment provides a parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a data acquisition module, an automatic pipeline decoration envelope module, a wayfinding signage dynamic simulation optimization module, a construction constraint verification module, a VR immersive interaction module, and a model output module. The modules transmit and communicate with each other via a local area network or cloud server. The data acquisition module is deployed on the on-site data acquisition terminal and BIM workstation, the calculation modules are deployed on the cloud computing server, and the interaction and output modules are deployed on the design terminal and VR devices.

[0020] The data acquisition module transmits the processed 3D basic model data to the automatic pipeline decoration envelopment module and the wayfinding signage dynamic simulation optimization module, respectively. After generating pipeline decoration scheme parameters, the automatic pipeline decoration envelopment module transmits them to the construction constraint verification module. Similarly, the wayfinding signage dynamic simulation optimization module generates wayfinding signage layout parameters and transmits them to the construction constraint verification module. After verification and correction, the construction constraint verification module transmits the compliant design parameters to the VR immersive interaction module. The VR immersive interaction module constructs a virtual design scene and supports user interaction and modification. Modified parameters can be fed back to the automatic pipeline decoration envelopment module, the wayfinding signage dynamic simulation optimization module, and the construction constraint verification module for recalculation and verification. Finally, the VR immersive interaction module transmits the confirmed design scheme to the model output module, generating various deliverables.

[0021] The data acquisition module is used to acquire parking lot building structure data, electromechanical pipeline data, and on-site point cloud data to construct a 3D basic model of the parking lot. It then performs semantic annotation on the 3D basic model to distinguish structural components, electromechanical pipeline components, and decorative area objects. The output data of this module serves as the input basis for all subsequent modules.

[0022] In this embodiment, a 3D laser scanning device is used to scan the target parking lot on-site to obtain point cloud data containing spatial geometric information. Simultaneously, architectural structural drawings and electromechanical pipeline as-built drawings of the parking lot are acquired. These drawings include column grid distribution, wall locations, floor slab elevations, and routing and dimensional information for various pipelines.

[0023] The data acquisition module first preprocesses the on-site point cloud data, extracting the 3D spatial coordinate features and normal vector features of each point. It then uses a region growing algorithm to segment the point cloud, obtaining multiple point cloud clusters. Structural boundary constraint dimensions are extracted from the parking lot building structure data and spatially geometrically registered with the point cloud clusters to obtain a registered 3D basic coarse model. The pipeline routing axes are extracted from the electromechanical pipeline data and embedded into the 3D basic coarse model to obtain the parking lot's 3D basic model. The curvature change rate and topological adjacency relationship of each local geometric mesh are obtained from the parking lot's 3D basic model. The semantic category probability vectors of each local geometric mesh are obtained, and the maximum probability assignment in the semantic category probability vectors is simultaneously obtained. The mesh units are then classified and labeled to obtain the corresponding structural components and electromechanical pipeline components. Finally, the remaining blank wall and side mesh sets outside the structural components are obtained, and boundary closed loops are extracted to obtain decorative area objects.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the automatic envelopment module for pipeline decoration is used to extract pipeline outer diameter parameters, material reflectivity parameters, spatial floor height parameters, and pipeline safety distance parameters from electromechanical pipeline components and the 3D basic model of the parking lot, establish a multi-dimensional constraint matrix model, obtain external environmental dynamic factors, calculate the spatial occupancy degree and dynamic visual oppression degree of the top pipeline, and further generate the geometric mesh parameters of the pipeline decoration area boundary and the corresponding shading structure.

[0025] In this embodiment, the three-dimensional discrete coordinates of the centerline axis of all electromechanical pipeline components are first extracted from the semantically annotated three-dimensional basic model to obtain the pipeline outer diameter parameters. Based on the pipeline outer diameter parameters and pipeline safety distance parameters, the outer contour cylinder of the physical safety passage of each pipeline is obtained. Combined with the spatial floor height parameters, the absolute physical net height from the bottom edge of the pipeline to the ground is calculated to obtain the space occupancy matrix. The surface physical property data of the electromechanical pipeline components are obtained, the material reflectivity parameters are determined, a two-way reflectance distribution function matrix is ​​constructed, and a multi-dimensional constraint matrix model is constructed by superimposing it with the space occupancy matrix and spatial floor height parameters.

[0026] The environmental dynamic factors of the target parking lot under different time periods and operating conditions are obtained. These environmental dynamic factors include real-time illumination parameters, peak-hour pedestrian density parameters, and vehicle density parameters. Normalized weighted mapping is performed on the real-time illumination parameters, peak-hour pedestrian density parameters, and vehicle density parameters to obtain dynamic environment correction coefficients. Based on a multidimensional constraint matrix model, the global illuminance reduction coefficient and spatial visual obstruction rate of the pipeline area under specific lighting illumination are calculated. Combined with the dynamic environment correction coefficients, the dynamic visual depression level is calculated.

[0027] The formula for calculating the degree of dynamic visual suppression is: ; In the formula, The degree of dynamic visual oppression, This is a dynamic environment correction factor. For absolute physical clearance, For spatial layer height parameters, For spatial occlusion rate, The material's reflectivity coefficient. , , All of these are preset weighting coefficients.

[0028] All thresholds involved in this invention are used to achieve quantitative comparison between parameters. Their values ​​can be reasonably set by those skilled in the art based on the sample data scale and engineering application scenario, as long as the proportional relationship between the parameter and the quantitative result can be guaranteed. The dynamic visual suppression degree is compared with the received preset visual suppression degree threshold to obtain a set of spatial point cloud clusters exceeding the suppression threshold. The outer three-dimensional convex hull boundary of the set of spatial point cloud clusters exceeding the suppression threshold is projected and closed to obtain the boundary of the pipeline decoration area. The boundary of the pipeline decoration area is then reconstructed using a mesh topology to obtain the geometric mesh parameters of the corresponding occlusion structure. Finally, the pipeline decoration scheme parameters are output to the construction constraint verification module.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the wayfinding sign dynamic simulation optimization module is used to set the virtual camera's movement trajectory, establish a dynamic geometric intersection judgment model in the three-dimensional space of the parking lot, acquire driver behavior and cognition parameters to calculate the wayfinding cognition efficiency index, and iteratively adjust the coordinate parameters and installation posture parameters of the wayfinding signs in the three-dimensional space of the parking lot.

[0030] In this embodiment, the vehicle's travel path is first obtained from the set virtual camera movement trajectory, and a continuous cubic spline interpolation curve function in three-dimensional space is determined. The set virtual camera movement trajectory also includes the vehicle's speed and the range of driver's line of sight. The first-order time derivative of the interpolation curve function is differentiated based on the vehicle's speed to obtain the virtual camera's position coordinates for each discrete time frame. The eye rotation limit angle is obtained based on the range of driver's line of sight, and a dynamic visual cone spatial boundary radiating from the virtual camera's position coordinates is constructed. The load-bearing column network and the corresponding occlusion structure's geometric mesh located within the dynamic visual cone spatial boundary are extracted to obtain obstacle objects. The signage geometric mesh located within the dynamic visual cone spatial boundary is extracted to obtain wayfinding signage objects. The origin of the transmitter is established based on the virtual camera's position coordinates, and ray beams are emitted from all vertices of the wayfinding signage objects to obtain the driver's line of sight. The parametric equations of each ray in the driver's line of sight are solved simultaneously with the triangular facet equations of the obstacle objects and wayfinding signage objects to obtain the coordinates of the geometric intersection points of the ray facets. The results are sorted in descending order based on the distance from the geometric intersection point coordinates to the origin of the transmitter. When the intersection point first falls on an obstacle object, a dynamic geometric intersection determination model is obtained to determine if the driver's line of sight is obstructed.

[0031] Based on the dynamic geometric intersection determination model, the ratio of the number of rays not obscured by obstacles to the total number of rays is obtained in any specific view frame, and the effective visual presentation area duty cycle parameter is calculated. Driver cognitive behavior parameters during the simulation process are obtained, including the duration of gaze at specific wayfinding signs, driving reaction time under sudden road conditions, and intersection decision time when the vehicle passes through an intersection. Based on the effective visual presentation area duty cycle parameter, vehicle speed, gaze duration, driving reaction time, and intersection decision time, a multi-dimensional coupling correlation is established to calculate the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index.

[0032] The formula for calculating the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index is: ; In the formula, As an indicator of wayfinding cognitive efficiency, To effectively visually represent the area duty cycle parameter, For vehicle speed, For driving reaction time, For the duration of fixation, Time allotted for decision-making at intersections.

[0033] The calculation formulas used in this invention are all dimensionless numerical calculations, obtained through software simulation and fitting of a large amount of engineering data, which can accurately reflect the inherent correlation between various parameters. The weight coefficients and preset parameters in the formulas can be adaptively adjusted by those skilled in the art according to the actual application scenario. The wayfinding cognitive efficiency index is compared with the preset cognitive threshold to obtain the sequence of view frames with substandard cognition. Based on the virtual camera coordinates corresponding to the substandard view frame sequence, the blind spot incident angle of the wayfinding sign object is obtained, and the adjustable displacement boundary and adjustable deflection angle matrix of the wayfinding sign are constructed. Based on the blind spot incident angle, adjustable displacement boundary and adjustable deflection angle matrix, with maximizing the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index as the optimization objective, the corrected coordinate vector and corrected attitude deflection angle of the wayfinding sign object are obtained. Based on the corrected coordinate vector and corrected attitude deflection angle, the three-dimensional matrix state of the wayfinding sign object in space is updated to obtain the adjusted new state parameters. The adjusted new state parameters are input into the dynamic geometric intersection judgment model for cyclic closed-loop verification until the average cognitive efficiency under the full path view frame is greater than or equal to the preset cognitive threshold, and the final coordinate parameters and installation attitude parameters are obtained. Finally, the coordinate parameters and installation posture parameters of the wayfinding sign are output to the construction constraint verification module.

[0034] The construction constraint verification module is used to obtain preset building construction standard and specification parameters, extract the physical interference limits of the geometric mesh parameters of the corresponding shielding structure and the adjusted wayfinding sign parameters, and correct design results that do not meet construction constraints.

[0035] In this embodiment, firstly, safety distance red line indicators, including fire pipeline clearance requirements, ceiling installation spacing specifications, and equipment maintenance space benchmarks, are obtained from building construction standard specifications. Using these safety distance red line indicators, the surface vertex coordinates of the corresponding shielding structure's geometric mesh parameters are extracted to obtain the outer boundary clearance of the shielding structure. Based on the outer boundary clearance of the shielding structure, electromechanical pipeline components, and fire pipelines, spatial hard collision interference values ​​are obtained. Based on the safety distance red line indicators, the expansion and containment boxes of the adjusted wayfinding signage parameters in three-dimensional space are extracted to obtain the wayfinding signage construction influence domain. The boundary distances between the wayfinding signage construction influence domain and the equipment maintenance space benchmarks and vehicle passage clearance requirements are calculated to obtain the spatial soft interference margin.

[0036] When the hard collision interference value is greater than 0 or the soft interference margin is less than 0, an actionable non-compliance judgment instruction is obtained. The conflicting geometric boundary of the interference is automatically extracted, and displacement compensation is performed on the geometric mesh parameters of the corresponding shielding structure and the installation coordinates of the wayfinding sign object along the opposite direction of the normal of the safety distance red line index, using equal-step extrapolation, to obtain model parameters that meet the specifications. The corrected parameters are re-entered into the construction constraint verification module for secondary verification. After confirming no conflicts, the final model parameters are output to the VR immersive interactive module. If the verification fails, the conflict information is fed back to the pipeline decoration automatic envelope module or the wayfinding sign dynamic simulation optimization module to regenerate the design parameters.

[0037] The VR immersive interactive module is used to acquire pipeline decoration schemes and wayfinding signage layout schemes, construct virtual design scenes for parking lots, and support real-time interaction and dynamic adjustment of pipeline decoration schemes.

[0038] In this embodiment, the pipeline decoration scheme and wayfinding signage layout scheme, verified by construction constraints, are first obtained. Geometric mesh thinning and material mapping baking are then performed to obtain lightweight 3D design scheme data. Further, the virtual scene scene graph tree structure is dynamically assembled to obtain the parking lot virtual design scene. A head-tracking dynamic pose matrix is ​​obtained to acquire the user's real-time viewing perspective, and real-time viewport rendering is performed within the parking lot virtual design scene. External interaction control events are acquired, virtual interaction rays are generated, and the geometric intersection points between the virtual interaction rays and the pipeline decoration area boundary are calculated to obtain interaction selection events. Multi-dimensional spatial motion change parameters in the external interaction control events are continuously monitored to obtain the local coordinate transformation increment matrix. The local coordinate transformation increment matrix is ​​applied to the geometric mesh parameters of the occlusion structure to obtain a dynamically adjusted new occlusion geometric model. The adjusted new occlusion geometric model is re-introduced into the construction constraint verification module for real-time redline conflict verification to obtain real-time interference state values ​​for fire compartments and vehicle passage heights. When the real-time interference state value is non-intrusive, the interaction is confirmed as legal, an update permission instruction is obtained, and the parking lot virtual design scene is redrawn. After the user completes all interaction adjustments, the final confirmed design scheme is transmitted to the model output module.

[0039] The model output module is used to output optimized parking lot decoration construction drawings, virtual walkthrough files, and model files containing decoration parameter information.

[0040] In this embodiment, the model output module, based on a CAD software secondary development interface, automatically extracts the boundaries of the pipeline decoration area, the parameters of the ceiling mesh, and the position and angle parameters of the wayfinding signs, generating CAD-format decoration construction drawings, including ceiling layout drawings, wayfinding system layout drawings, pipeline spraying construction drawings, and detailed node drawings. Simultaneously, it renders and generates a panoramic view and a design scheme demonstration video at an appropriate resolution. Using a VR engine packaging tool, the parking lot virtual design scene is packaged into a standalone VR roaming program, supporting direct operation on mainstream operating systems. Based on the internationally recognized BIM standard format, all decoration parameter information is written into the parking lot's 3D basic model, generating a BIM model file containing complete decoration information. Finally, the usage of various decoration materials is automatically calculated, generating a material list and a quantity statistics table.

[0041] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the adjustment of the weighting coefficient of dynamic visual oppression and the preset threshold of wayfinding recognition efficiency, tailored to the characteristics of residential underground parking lots. Since residential parking lots have relatively low traffic volume and stable lighting conditions, the weighting of each factor in the dynamic environment correction coefficient is adjusted. Furthermore, considering that residential parking lot users are mostly regular residents with a high degree of familiarity with wayfinding signs, the preset threshold of wayfinding recognition efficiency is appropriately lowered. The remaining implementation steps are the same as in Embodiment 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0042] The advantages of this invention are: it deeply integrates parametric modeling, dynamic cognitive simulation, and construction constraint verification into the VR parking lot decoration design system; it achieves intelligent generation of pipeline decoration by quantifying the dynamic visual oppression under different operating conditions; it optimizes the layout of wayfinding signs based on the dynamic cognitive characteristics of drivers; and it embeds a real-time verification mechanism for construction specifications during the design phase. The system can accurately balance spatial visual comfort and engineering practicality, effectively improving design efficiency and consistency in scheme implementation, providing a complete and feasible technical solution for the digital and intelligent upgrading of underground parking lot decoration.

[0043] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire parking lot building structure data, electromechanical pipeline data and on-site point cloud data, construct a 3D basic model of the parking lot, and perform semantic annotation on the 3D basic model to distinguish structural components, electromechanical pipeline components and decorative area objects. The automatic envelopment module for pipeline decoration is used to extract pipeline outer diameter parameters, material reflectivity parameters, spatial floor height parameters, and pipeline safety distance parameters from electromechanical pipeline components and the 3D basic model of the parking lot, establish a multi-dimensional constraint matrix model, obtain external environmental dynamic factors, calculate the spatial occupancy degree and dynamic visual oppression degree of the top pipeline, and further generate the geometric mesh parameters of the pipeline decoration area boundary and the corresponding shading structure. The wayfinding sign dynamic simulation optimization module is used to set the virtual camera movement trajectory, establish a dynamic geometric intersection judgment model in the three-dimensional space of the parking lot, and simultaneously obtain driver behavior and cognition parameters to calculate wayfinding cognition efficiency index, and iteratively adjust the coordinate parameters and installation posture parameters of the wayfinding sign in the three-dimensional space of the parking lot. The construction constraint verification module is used to obtain preset building construction standard and specification parameters, extract the physical interference limit between the geometric mesh parameters of the corresponding shielding structure and the adjusted wayfinding sign parameters, and correct design results that do not meet construction constraints. The VR immersive interactive model is used to obtain pipeline decoration schemes and wayfinding signage layout schemes, construct virtual design scenes for parking lots, and support real-time interaction and dynamic adjustment of pipeline decoration schemes. The model output module is used to output optimized parking lot decoration construction drawings, virtual walkthrough files, and model files containing decoration parameter information.

2. The parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of acquiring parking lot building structure data, electromechanical pipeline data, and on-site point cloud data to construct a 3D basic model of the parking lot, and performing semantic annotation on the 3D basic model to distinguish structural components, electromechanical pipeline components, and decorative area objects, specifically includes: The three-dimensional spatial coordinate features and normal vector features of the on-site point cloud data are obtained, and the point cloud is segmented using a region growing algorithm to obtain multiple point cloud clusters. Structural boundary constraint dimensions are extracted from parking lot building structure data and spatially geometrically registered with point cloud clusters to obtain a registered 3D basic coarse model. Extract the pipeline routing axis from the electromechanical pipeline data and embed it into the 3D basic rough model to obtain the 3D basic model of the parking lot; The curvature change rate and topological adjacency relationship of each local geometric mesh are obtained through the 3D basic model of the parking lot; Obtain the semantic category probability vector of each local geometric grid, simultaneously obtain the maximum probability assignment in the semantic category probability vector, classify and label the grid cells to obtain the corresponding structural components and electromechanical pipeline components; Obtain the remaining blank wall and side mesh sets outside the structural components, and extract the boundary closed loops to obtain the decorative area object.

3. The parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves extracting pipeline outer diameter parameters, material reflectivity parameters, spatial floor height parameters, and pipeline safety distance parameters from the electromechanical pipeline components and the three-dimensional basic model of the parking lot, and establishing a multi-dimensional constraint matrix model, specifically including: Based on the electromechanical pipeline components, extract the three-dimensional discrete coordinates of the centerline axis of each pipeline to obtain the pipeline outer diameter parameters; Based on the pipeline outer diameter parameters and pipeline safety distance parameters, the outer contour column of the physical safety passage of each pipeline is obtained. Combined with the spatial floor height parameters, the absolute physical net height from the bottom edge of the pipeline to the ground is calculated to obtain the space occupancy matrix. Obtain surface physical property data of electromechanical pipeline components, determine material reflectivity parameters, construct a two-way reflectivity distribution function matrix, and superimpose it with the space occupancy matrix and space floor height parameters to construct a multi-dimensional constraint matrix model.

4. The parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of acquiring dynamic factors of the external environment, calculating the spatial occupancy and dynamic visual oppression of the top pipeline, and further generating the geometric mesh parameters of the pipeline decoration area boundary and corresponding shading structure specifically includes: The environmental dynamic factors of the target parking lot are obtained at different time periods and under different operating conditions. The environmental dynamic factors include real-time illumination parameters, peak-hour pedestrian density parameters, and vehicle density parameters. Normalized weighted mapping is performed on real-time illumination parameters, peak-hour pedestrian density parameters, and vehicle density parameters to obtain dynamic environment correction coefficients. Based on the multidimensional constraint matrix model, the global illuminance reduction coefficient and spatial visual obstruction rate of the pipeline area under a specific lighting intensity are calculated, and the dynamic visual depression degree is calculated by combining the dynamic environment correction coefficient. The dynamic visual suppression level is compared with the received preset visual suppression level threshold to obtain the set of spatial point cloud clusters that exceed the suppression level. The boundary of the outer three-dimensional convex hull of the excessively repressed spatial point cloud cluster is projected and closed to obtain the boundary of the pipeline decoration area; The boundary of the pipeline decoration area is reconstructed using a mesh topology to obtain the geometric mesh parameters of the corresponding shading structure. The formula for calculating the degree of dynamic visual suppression is as follows: ； In the formula, The degree of dynamic visual oppression, This is a dynamic environment correction factor. For absolute physical clearance, For spatial layer height parameters, For spatial occlusion rate, The material's reflectivity coefficient. , , All of these are preset weighting coefficients.

5. A parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of setting the virtual camera's movement trajectory and establishing a dynamic geometric intersection determination model within the three-dimensional space of the parking lot specifically includes: The vehicle's driving path is obtained from the set virtual camera movement trajectory, and the continuous cubic spline interpolation curve function in three-dimensional space is determined. The set virtual camera movement trajectory also includes the vehicle's driving speed and the range of driver's line of sight. By performing time-first derivative differentiation on the interpolation curve function based on the vehicle speed, the position coordinates of the virtual camera in each discrete time frame are obtained. Based on the range of driver's line of sight changes, the limit angle of eye movement is obtained, and a dynamic visual cone spatial boundary radiating from a cone is constructed based on the position coordinates of the virtual camera; Extract the load-bearing column network and the corresponding occlusion structure's geometric mesh located within the dynamic view frustum spatial boundary to obtain the obstacle object; Extract the signage geometry mesh located within the dynamic view frustum spatial boundary to obtain wayfinding signage objects; The origin of the transmitter is established based on the position coordinates of the virtual camera, and beams are emitted from all vertices of the guide-identified object to obtain the driver's line of sight; Based on the parametric equations of each ray in the driver's line of sight, the equations of the triangular facets of the obstacle object and the wayfinding sign object are solved simultaneously to obtain the coordinates of the geometric intersection points of the ray facets; The results are sorted in descending order based on the distance from the geometric intersection point coordinates to the origin of the transmitter. When the intersection point first falls on an obstacle object, a dynamic geometric intersection determination model is obtained to determine if the driver's line of sight is obstructed.

6. A parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of obtaining driver behavior and cognitive parameters to calculate the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index, and iteratively adjusting the coordinate parameters and installation posture parameters of the wayfinding signs in the three-dimensional space of the parking lot, specifically includes: Based on the dynamic geometric intersection determination model, under any specific view frame, the ratio of the number of rays not occluded by obstacle objects to the total number of rays is obtained, and the effective visual presentation area duty cycle parameter is calculated. The driver's cognitive behavior parameters during the simulation process are obtained. These parameters include the duration of gaze at a specific directional sign, the driving reaction time under sudden road conditions, and the intersection decision time when the vehicle passes through an intersection. Based on the effective visual presentation area duty cycle parameter, vehicle speed, gaze duration, driving reaction time and intersection decision time, a multi-dimensional coupling correlation is performed to calculate the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index. The cognitive efficiency index of wayfinding is compared with the preset cognitive threshold to obtain the frame sequence of perspectives where cognition is not up to standard. Based on the virtual camera coordinates corresponding to the frame sequence of perspectives with inadequate cognition, the blind zone incident angle of the wayfinding sign object is obtained, and the adjustable displacement boundary and adjustable deflection angle matrix of the wayfinding sign are constructed. Based on the blind zone incident angle, adjustable displacement boundary and adjustable deflection angle matrix, with the optimization goal of maximizing the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index, the corrected coordinate vector and corrected attitude deflection angle of the wayfinding sign object are obtained; Based on the corrected coordinate vector and the corrected attitude deflection angle, update the three-dimensional matrix state of the wayfinding sign object in space to obtain the adjusted new state parameters; The adjusted new state parameters are input into the dynamic geometric intersection judgment model for cyclic closed-loop verification until the average cognitive efficiency under the full path view frame is greater than or equal to the preset cognitive threshold, and the final coordinate parameters and installation attitude parameters are obtained. The calculation formula for the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index is as follows: ； In the formula, As an indicator of wayfinding cognitive efficiency, To effectively visually represent the area duty cycle parameter, For vehicle speed, For driving reaction time, For the duration of fixation, Time allotted for decision-making at intersections.

7. A parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining preset building construction standard parameters, extracting the physical interference limits between the geometric mesh parameters of the corresponding shielding structure and the adjusted wayfinding sign parameters, and correcting design results that do not meet construction constraints specifically includes: Obtain safety distance red line indicators, including fire pipeline clearance requirements, ceiling installation spacing specifications, and equipment maintenance space benchmarks, from the parameters of building construction standards and specifications; By using the safety distance red line index, the surface vertex coordinates of the corresponding geometric mesh parameters of the shading structure are extracted to obtain the outer boundary limit of the shading structure. Based on the outer boundary clearance of the shielding structure, electromechanical pipeline components, and fire protection pipelines, obtain the spatial hard collision interference value; Based on the safety distance red line index, the expansion and containment box of the adjusted wayfinding sign parameters in three-dimensional space is extracted to obtain the influence domain of wayfinding sign construction. The boundary distance between the construction impact area of ​​wayfinding signs and the equipment maintenance space benchmark and the vehicle passage clearance requirements is calculated to obtain the spatial soft interference margin. When the hard collision interference value is greater than 0 or the soft interference margin is less than 0, an instruction to implement a non-compliance judgment is obtained, the conflict geometric boundary where the interference occurs is automatically extracted, and the geometric mesh parameters of the corresponding shielding structure and the installation coordinates of the wayfinding sign object are extrapolated and compensated in equal steps along the opposite direction of the normal of the safety distance red line index to obtain model parameters that meet the specifications.

8. A parking lot decoration simulation design system based on VR virtual design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of acquiring pipeline decoration schemes and wayfinding signage layout schemes, constructing a virtual design scene for the parking lot, and supporting real-time interaction and dynamic adjustment of the pipeline decoration schemes specifically includes: After obtaining the pipeline decoration scheme and wayfinding signage layout scheme verified by construction constraints, geometric mesh thinning and material map baking are performed to obtain lightweight 3D design scheme data. Then, the virtual scene scene graph tree structure is dynamically assembled to obtain the parking lot virtual design scene. The head tracking dynamic pose matrix is ​​obtained, thereby obtaining the user's real-time observation perspective, and the viewport is rendered in real-time in the parking lot virtual design scene; Acquire external interactive control events, generate virtual interactive rays, calculate the geometric intersection of the virtual interactive rays and the boundary of the pipeline decoration area to obtain interactive selection events, continuously monitor the multi-dimensional spatial motion change parameters in the external interactive control events, and obtain the local coordinate transformation increment matrix. The local coordinate transformation increment matrix is ​​applied to the geometric mesh parameters of the occlusion structure to obtain a dynamically adjusted new occlusion geometric model. The adjusted new shading geometry model is re-entered into the construction constraint verification module for real-time red line conflict verification to obtain the real-time interference status values ​​of fire compartments and vehicle passage height. When the real-time intervention status value is non-intrusive, the interaction is confirmed to be legitimate, the update permission instruction is obtained, and the virtual design scene of the parking lot is redrawn.

9. A parking lot decoration simulation design method based on VR virtual design, applied to the simulation design system as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain parking lot building structure data, electromechanical pipeline data, and on-site point cloud data to construct a 3D basic model of the parking lot, and perform semantic annotation to divide each component object; Step 2: Extract the spatial physical parameters of the electromechanical pipelines and the three-dimensional basic model to construct a multi-dimensional constraint matrix model, and combine the dynamic factors of the external environment to calculate the dynamic visual oppression of the top pipelines. Based on this, generate the geometric mesh parameters of the pipeline decoration area boundary and the shading structure. Step 3: Establish a dynamic geometric intersection determination model between wayfinding sign objects, obstacle objects, and the driver's line of sight, and calculate the wayfinding cognitive efficiency index in combination with the driver's behavioral cognitive parameters. When the index is lower than the preset cognitive threshold, iteratively adjust the coordinate parameters and installation posture parameters of the wayfinding sign. Step 4: Based on the parameters of building construction standards and specifications, perform physical boundary conflict verification between the generated shielding structure geometric mesh parameters and the adjusted wayfinding sign parameters, and perform compliance correction for unqualified design results; Step 5: Respond to the multi-dimensional spatial motion change parameters in the external interactive control events, and perform real-time adjustment, conflict verification, and scene redrawing of the geometric mesh of the occlusion structure; Step 6: Reverse transform the optimized design data to output the corresponding parking lot decoration construction drawings, virtual walkthrough files, and model files containing decoration parameter information.

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