An ergonomic optimization method for industrial pipeline marking systems

Abstract

This invention discloses an optimization method for industrial pipeline marking systems based on ergonomics. Addressing the problems of inconsistent pipe marking sizes, chaotic color schemes, and low recognition efficiency, it establishes font size models for both horizontal and vertical pipe layouts. Font height and width are calculated by combining human eye comfort viewing angle, minimum resolution angle, and the golden ratio, and a graded design is implemented based on the hazard level of the medium. Color difference ΔE and lightness difference ΔL are calculated using the Lab color space, and Pareto front analysis is employed to select the optimal color combination, ensuring clear contrast and visual comfort. This invention achieves precise matching of font size with viewing distance and pipe diameter, unifies marking size and color standards, complies with GB2894-2025 specifications, effectively improves recognition efficiency, reduces visual fatigue and the risk of misjudgment, and combines safety, economy, and engineering practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention patent relates to the field of industrial safety and visual management technology, specifically to an optimization method for an industrial pipeline marking system based on ergonomics. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial pipeline identification systems are core visual management tools for safe production in industrial sites. Their scientific design directly determines the accuracy of operators' understanding of pipeline information and simultaneously affects the effectiveness of their safety protection. Currently, while the national standard GB 2894-2025 "Safety Colors and Safety Signs" integrates and replaces several older standards and adds requirements for basic identification colors and hazard symbols for industrial pipelines, a unified industry standard has not yet been established, and existing industrial pipeline identification systems still have significant shortcomings: 1. Pipes of the same diameter may have significantly different markings, which can easily cause confusion for workers. 2. For pipelines transporting the same medium, there is a lack of unified color coding, resulting in confusing color schemes in different scenarios and reducing information recognition efficiency. 3. The existing color scheme of the signage does not incorporate visual ergonomics design, which can easily lead to visual fatigue among workers and even induce misoperation, creating significant production safety hazards.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for an optimization method for industrial pipeline marking systems based on scientific theory, which would standardize marking size and color, improve the visual recognition performance of markings, and ensure industrial production safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide an optimization method for an industrial pipeline marking system based on ergonomics. The method provided by this invention achieves precise matching of font size with viewing distance and pipe diameter, unifies marking size and color standards, complies with the requirements of GB2894-2025, can effectively improve recognition efficiency, reduce visual fatigue and misjudgment risk, and has the advantages of safety, economy and engineering practicality.

[0005] The present invention discloses an optimization method for an industrial pipeline marking system based on ergonomics, which includes the following steps: (1) Construct font size model: Construct a horizontal font arrangement model and a vertical font arrangement model according to the direction of the industrial pipeline; Font horizontal layout model:

[0006]

[0007] Vertical font arrangement model:

[0008]

[0009] in, : Font height in the i-th case; : Font width in the i-th case; Horizontal field of vision length; Vertical field of view length; The threshold for the proportion of the field of view is 1% to 5%. The number of characters in the identifier is 9-19. The font's height-to-width golden ratio is 1.618; (2) Construct a color matching optimization model: calculate the color difference ΔE and brightness difference ΔL based on the Lab space, and then screen the color combination of the pipe and the font on it in step (1) by Pareto front analysis. Pareto Frontier:

[0010]

[0011]

[0012]

[0013] in, Pipeline identification color C p The brightness value; Pipeline identification color C p The red and green axis components; Pipeline identification color C p The yellow-blue axis components; C: Color used for printing text / symbols on pipe identification surfaces t The brightness value; C: Color used for printing text / symbols on pipe identification surfaces t The red and green axis components; C: Color used for printing text / symbols on pipe identification surfaces t The yellow and blue axis components.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (1): ; ; in, : sight distance; Horizontal perspective, i.e. ; Vertical upward perspective, i.e. ; : This is a vertically downward perspective, i.e. .

[0015] Furthermore, in step (1), i=1,2; that is, when i=1, it indicates the case of transporting ordinary media in the pipeline. When i=2, it indicates the situation of transporting hazardous chemicals in the pipeline. .

[0016] Furthermore, the hazardous chemicals include highly toxic, high-pressure, flammable, corrosive, and high-temperature media.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (1), in the horizontal font arrangement model, The constraints are:

[0018]

[0019] in, Pipe diameter; The golden ratio of pipe diameter to font height is 1.618; The height of the font at the smallest resolvable angle of the human eye (1°).

[0020] Furthermore, in step (1), in the vertical font arrangement model, The constraints are:

[0021]

[0022] in, Pipe diameter; The golden ratio of pipe diameter to font width is 1.618; The width of the font at the smallest resolvable angle of the human eye, 1°.

[0023] Furthermore, in step (2), for i=1, it is required that... and For i=2, the requirement is... and ; calculate separately Output a list of recommended color combinations, where The maximum value is taken as the optimal color combination.

[0024] Furthermore, in step (2), the pipe identification color C p According to standard GB 2894 The requirements of 2025 "Safety Colors and Safety Signs" are used to distinguish the type of medium inside the pipeline; the color C is used for the text / symbols printed on the pipeline identification color.t For standard GB 2894 Each contrasting color specified in the 2025 "Safety Colors and Safety Signs".

[0025] Advantages of this invention: 1. This invention discloses an optimization method for an industrial pipeline marking system based on human factors engineering. By establishing horizontal and vertical pipeline font size models, and combining the human eye's comfortable viewing angle, minimum resolution angle, and the golden ratio of fonts for quantitative design, the marking size is accurately matched with the viewing distance and pipe diameter.

[0026] 2. This invention discloses an optimization method for an industrial pipeline identification system based on ergonomics. The system is designed with graded identification according to the hazard level of the medium. High-risk media are identified by highly conspicuous size and color scheme, while conventional media are designed with both economy and recognizability in mind. The safety level classification is clear and reasonable.

[0027] 3. This invention discloses an optimization method for industrial pipeline marking systems based on human factors engineering. It calculates color difference and brightness difference based on the Lab color space and uses Pareto front analysis to select the optimal color combination to ensure clear contrast, visual comfort, and reduced eye strain.

[0028] 4. This invention discloses an optimization method for industrial pipeline marking system based on human factors engineering, which unifies the marking size and color standard of the same pipe diameter and the same medium, solves the problems of confusion and easy misreading of traditional marking, and greatly improves the accuracy of on-site information identification.

[0029] 5. This invention discloses an optimization method for an industrial pipeline marking system based on ergonomics, which is fully compatible with GB2894. The 2025 national standard has clearly defined parameters and formulas that can be directly calculated without the need for experience-based judgment. It is highly versatile and easy to implement.

[0030] 6. This invention discloses an optimization method for an industrial pipeline marking system based on human factors engineering, which comprehensively improves the scientific nature, standardization and safety of pipeline marking by optimizing multiple dimensions such as human-machine ergonomics, safety classification and color standardization. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments.

[0032] Example 1: Horizontal arrangement of high-risk medium pipeline (Class I: flammable high-pressure medium) 1. Given conditions Piping layout: Horizontal layout; Medium hazard level: Level I (High Risk); Sight distance d = 5m; Number of characters in the identifier N=14; The field of view occupancy threshold X = 5% = 0.05; Font height-width golden ratio =1.618; Extreme comfort angle: =60°(π / 3), =30°(π / 6), =25°(5π / 36); 2. Calculation process (1) Calculate the length of the field of view ; ; ; (2) Minimum recognizable font height ; (3) Calculate the font height H2 (high-risk media) ; .

[0033] satisfy ,and That is, the pipe diameter D=300mm (the standard pipe diameter commonly used in industry) meets the safety identification requirements.

[0034] (4) Calculate the font width W2 .

[0035] (5) Color scheme Pipeline identification color C p : Zhonghuang, Lab( =85, =5, =90); Contrasting color C t Purple, Lab =30, =60, =-40); ; ; This is the optimal combination.

[0036] 3. Results of the Example Horizontal arrangement of Class I high-risk pipelines (5m line of sight): Font height: 0.2085 m, font width: 0.1290 m; matching pipe diameter: 0.3 m Color scheme: medium yellow (pipes) + purple (text), in line with ergonomic and safety standards.

[0037] Example 2: Horizontal arrangement of conventional media pipelines (Class III: conventional harmless media) 1. Given conditions Piping layout: Horizontal layout; Medium hazard level: Level III (routine); Sight distance d = 3m; Number of characters in the identifier N=14; The field of view occupancy threshold X = 1% = 0.01; Font height-width golden ratio =1.618; Extreme comfort angle: =60°(π / 3), =30°(π / 6), =25°(5π / 36); 2. Calculation process (1) Calculate the length of the field of view ;

[0038]

[0039] (2) Minimum recognizable font height ; (3) Calculate the font height H1 (for conventional media)

[0040] .

[0041] satisfy ,and That is, the pipe diameter D=100mm (the standard pipe diameter commonly used in industry); meets the safety identification requirements.

[0042] (4) Calculate the font width W1 .

[0043] (5) Color scheme Pipe identification color Cp: bright green, Lab( =50, =-50, =50); Contrasting color Ct: white, Lab ( =95, =0, =0); ; ; This is the optimal combination.

[0044] 3. Results of the Example Horizontal arrangement of Class III conventional pipelines (sight distance 3m): Font height: 0.0561m, font width: 0.0347m; matching pipe diameter: 0.1m; Color scheme: bright green (pipes) + white (text), in line with ergonomic and safety standards.

[0045] Example 3: Vertically arranged high-risk medium pipeline (Class II: corrosive high-temperature medium) 1. Given conditions Piping layout: Vertical layout; Medium hazard level: Level II (high risk); Sight distance d = 4m; Number of characters in the identifier N=14; The field of view occupancy threshold X = 5% = 0.05; Font height-width golden ratio =1.618; Extreme comfort angle: =60°(π / 3), =30°(π / 6), =25°(5π / 36); 2. Calculation process (1) Calculate the length of the field of view ; ; ; (2) Minimum recognizable font width ; (3) Calculate the font width W2 (high-risk media) ; ; satisfy ,and That is, the pipe diameter D=200mm (a commonly used standard pipe diameter in industry); it meets the safety identification requirements.

[0046] (4) Calculate the font height H2 .

[0047] (5) Color scheme Pipe identification color Cp: bright red, Lab ( =45, =70, =50); Contrasting color Ct: white, Lab ( =95, =0, =0); ;

[0048] This is the optimal combination.

[0049] 3. Results of the Example Vertically arranged Class II high-risk pipelines (4m line of sight): Font width: 0.1032m, font height: 0.1669m; matching pipe diameter: 0.2m; Color scheme: bright red (pipes) + white (text), in line with ergonomic and safety standards.

[0050] Example 4: Vertical arrangement of conventional medium pipelines (Class III: cooling water medium) 1. Given conditions Piping layout: Vertical layout; Medium hazard level: Level III (routine); Sight distance d = 2m; Number of characters in the identifier N=14; The field of view occupancy threshold X = 1% = 0.01; Font height-width golden ratio =1.618; Extreme comfort angle: =60°(π / 3), =30°(π / 6), =25°(5π / 36); 2. Calculation process (1) Calculate the length of the field of view ; ; ; (2) Minimum recognizable font width ; (3) Calculate the font width W1 (for conventional media)

[0051] ; satisfy ,and That is, the pipe diameter D=40mm (the standard pipe diameter commonly used in industry); it meets the safety identification requirements.

[0052] (4) Calculate the font height H1 .

[0053] (5) Color scheme Pipe identification color Cp: bright green, Lab( =50, =-50, =50); Contrasting color Ct: Black, Lab ( =20, =0, =0); ; ; This is the optimal combination.

[0054] 3. Results of the Example Vertically arranged Class III conventional pipelines (sight distance 2m): Font width: 0.0230m, font height: 0.0372m; matching pipe diameter: 0.04m; Color scheme: bright green (pipes) + black (text), in line with ergonomic and safety standards.

[0055] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ergonomic-based industrial piping identification system optimization method, characterized by, It includes the following steps: (1) Construct font size model: Construct a horizontal font arrangement model and a vertical font arrangement model according to the direction of the industrial pipeline; Font horizontal layout model: Vertical font arrangement model: in, : Font height in the i-th case; : Font width in the i-th case; Horizontal field of vision length; Vertical field of view length; The threshold for the proportion of the field of view is 1% to 5%. The number of characters in the identifier is 9-19. The font's height-to-width golden ratio is 1.618; (2) Construct a color matching optimization model: calculate the color difference ΔE and brightness difference ΔL based on the Lab space, and then screen the color combination of the pipe and the font on it in step (1) by Pareto front analysis. Pareto Frontier: in, Pipeline identification color C p The brightness value; Pipeline identification color C p The red and green axis components; Pipeline identification color C p The yellow-blue axis components; C: Color used for printing text / symbols on pipe identification surfaces t The brightness value; C: Color used for printing text / symbols on pipe identification surfaces t The red and green axis components; C: Color used for printing text / symbols on pipe identification surfaces t The yellow and blue axis components.

2. The ergonomic industrial piping identification system optimization method of claim 1, wherein, In step (1): ； ； in, : sight distance; Horizontal perspective, i.e. ; Vertical upward perspective, i.e. ; : This is a vertically downward perspective, i.e. .

3. The ergonomic industrial piping identification system optimization method of claim 1, wherein, In step (1), i = 1, 2; that is, i = 1 represents the case of conveying ordinary medium in the pipeline, i = 2 represents the case of conveying dangerous chemicals in the pipeline, .

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The hazardous chemicals mentioned include highly toxic, high-pressure, flammable, corrosive, and high-temperature media.

5. The ergonomic industrial piping identification system optimization method of claim 4, wherein, In step (1), the constraint condition of the font horizontal arrangement model is that: the font horizontal arrangement model wherein, : pipe diameter; : Golden ratio of pipe diameter to font height, 1.618; : Height of font at the minimum resolution angle of the human eye, 1°.

6. The ergonomic industrial piping identification system optimization method of claim 5, wherein, In step (1), in the vertical font arrangement model, The constraints are: in, Pipe diameter; The golden ratio of pipe diameter to font width is 1.618; The width of the font at the smallest resolvable angle of the human eye, 1°.

7. The ergonomic industrial piping identification system optimization method of claim 4, wherein, In step (2), for i = 1, it is required that and ; for i = 2, it is required that and ; respectively calculate , output the recommended color combination list, wherein the maximum value is the optimal color combination.

8. The ergonomic industrial piping identification system optimization method of claim 7, wherein, In step (2), the pipe identification color C p According to standard GB 2894 The requirements of 2025 "Safety Colors and Safety Signs" are used to distinguish the type of medium inside the pipeline; the color C is used for the text / symbols printed on the pipeline identification color. t For standard GB 2894 Each contrasting color specified in the 2025 "Safety Colors and Safety Signs".

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