A method for co-planning of carbon-hydrogen-oxygen infrastructure for mixed sustainable aviation fuel production under biomass constraints

Abstract

This invention discloses a collaborative planning method for carbon-hydrogen-oxygen infrastructure in the production of hybrid sustainable aviation fuel under biomass-limited conditions. Relating to the field of energy planning, it represents the biomass gasification-Fischer-Tropsch synthesis pathway and the carbon dioxide hydrogenation synthesis pathway as continuous fuel production modules, establishing pathway interfaces based on the net coefficients of biomass, hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide per unit of sustainable aviation fuel production. This invention enables the collaborative determination of fuel pathway proportions, renewable energy capacity, electrolyzer capacity, air separation capacity, energy storage capacity, and internal carbon cycle methods under conditions of insufficient biomass resources and fluctuating renewable electricity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy system optimization technology, specifically a collaborative planning method for carbon-hydrogen-oxygen infrastructure production using a blend of sustainable aviation fuels under biomass constraints. Background Technology

[0002] Air transport is heavily reliant on liquid hydrocarbon fuels, which are difficult to completely replace with electrification or other non-liquid fuel options in the short term. Sustainable aviation fuels can be used in existing aircraft engines and fuel infrastructure, and are therefore considered an important pathway for emissions reduction in the aviation sector. Existing sustainable aviation fuel technologies include biomass-based fuel production and carbon dioxide hydrogenation-based fuel synthesis.

[0003] Biomass-based sustainable aviation fuel pathways can provide renewable carbon sources and typically involve steps such as biomass gasification, syngas conditioning, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and product upgrading. However, sustainable biomass resources are limited in terms of quantity, spatial distribution, collection radius, logistics costs, and land use, making it difficult to stably meet large-scale sustainable aviation fuel demand across multiple regions by relying solely on biomass pathways.

[0004] The sustainable aviation fuel synthesis pathway via carbon dioxide hydrogenation typically uses captured carbon dioxide and low-carbon hydrogen as feedstocks, obtaining syngas through a reverse water-gas shift reaction, and then performing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and product upgrading to obtain aviation fuel fractions. This pathway can fill the fuel gap caused by insufficient biomass, but it is highly dependent on renewable electricity, electrolytic hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, and carbon source supply.

[0005] In practical deployments, the biomass pathway and the carbon dioxide pathway are not simply substitutes. They may share infrastructure such as wind power, photovoltaics, grid interconnection, electrolysis for hydrogen production, battery energy storage, hydrogen storage, air separation for oxygen production, and liquid oxygen storage. Simultaneously, the oxygen produced as a byproduct of electrolysis can meet the oxygen demand of biomass thermochemical conversion, and the recyclable carbon dioxide generated from the biomass pathway can be used in the carbon dioxide hydrogenation synthesis pathway. This creates a coupling between electricity, hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon flow.

[0006] Existing planning methods typically do not simultaneously consider factors such as biomass constraints, hourly fluctuations in renewable electricity, hydrogen electrolysis, oxygen supply, liquid oxygen buffering, hydrogen storage, internal carbon dioxide transfer, and path capacity configuration within the same optimization framework. Therefore, a collaborative planning method for hybrid sustainable aviation fuel systems is needed to unify path-level process parameters with system-level hourly scheduling. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the coordinated planning of carbon-hydrogen-oxygen infrastructure for the production of hybrid sustainable aviation fuels under biomass-limited conditions, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for the coordinated planning of carbon-hydrogen-oxygen infrastructure for the production of hybrid sustainable aviation fuels under biomass-constrained conditions, characterized by the following steps: S1. Determine the system boundary of the hybrid sustainable aviation fuel production system, which includes the biomass-based sustainable aviation fuel production pathway, the carbon dioxide-based sustainable aviation fuel production pathway, and the shared electricity, hydrogen, oxygen, energy storage, and carbon transfer infrastructure layer. S2. Obtain planning input data, which includes the annual hourly wind power capacity factor, the annual hourly photovoltaic capacity factor, the annual sustainable aviation fuel demand, the annual biomass availability, the price of purchased carbon dioxide, the grid electricity price, equipment investment parameters, operation and maintenance parameters, and the renewable electricity ratio requirement. S3. Based on process simulation or historical operating data, determine the path-level net coefficients of the two production paths. The path-level net coefficients include at least the biomass consumption, hydrogen demand, oxygen demand, recyclable carbon dioxide production, and carbon dioxide feed demand corresponding to the unit sustainable aviation fuel production. S4. Equip the two production paths into continuous production modules and establish annual sustainable aviation fuel production constraints, path capacity constraints, and annual biomass availability constraints. S5. Based on wind power installed capacity, photovoltaic installed capacity, grid purchase electricity, battery charging and discharging, electrolyzer electricity consumption, air separation electricity consumption and renewable energy abandonment, establish hourly power balance constraints and annual renewable energy proportion constraints. S6. Based on the electrolyzer operating power, hydrogen yield, hydrogen demand of the two fuel production paths, and hydrogen storage and charging / discharging process, establish hourly hydrogen balance constraints, hydrogen storage constraints, and hydrogen charging / discharging rate constraints. S7. Based on the oxygen demand and oxygen venting volume of the electrolysis by-product oxygen, direct gas oxygen from air separation, liquid oxygen from air separation, liquid oxygen storage and charging / discharging processes, and the two fuel production paths, establish hourly oxygen balance constraints, liquid oxygen storage constraints, and liquid oxygen charging / discharging rate constraints. S8. Establish internal carbon dioxide pooling and distribution constraints so that the recyclable carbon dioxide generated by the biomass-based and carbon dioxide-based pathways is used first to meet the carbon dioxide feed demand of the carbon dioxide-based pathway, and the insufficient part is supplemented by external carbon dioxide. S9. Establish capacity constraints and operational constraints for shared infrastructure, wherein the shared infrastructure includes at least wind power, photovoltaic power, electrolyzers, air separation units, battery energy storage, hydrogen storage, and liquid oxygen storage. S10. Establish and solve a mixed-integer linear programming model with the goal of minimizing the annualized total system cost. Output the output configuration of the two fuel production paths, the installed capacity of each shared infrastructure, the hourly operation scheduling, the internal carbon dioxide utilization, the external carbon dioxide purchase, the abandoned electricity, the oxygen release, and the minimum sales price of sustainable aviation fuel.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the biomass-based sustainable aviation fuel production path includes biomass gasification, syngas conditioning, carbon dioxide capture, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, product separation and aviation fuel fraction upgrading, and exhaust gas treatment steps; in the mixed integer linear programming model, the biomass-based path is linearly equivalent to the net biomass consumption, net hydrogen demand, net oxygen demand, and recoverable carbon dioxide production per unit of sustainable aviation fuel production.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the carbon dioxide-based sustainable aviation fuel production path includes carbon dioxide reverse water-gas shift reaction, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, product separation and aviation fuel fraction upgrading steps; the carbon dioxide demand of the carbon dioxide-based path is primarily provided by an internal carbon dioxide sink, and externally purchased carbon dioxide is introduced when the internal carbon dioxide is insufficient.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in step S4, the annual sustainable aviation fuel production constraint is expressed as the sum of the annual production of the biomass-based pathway and the annual production of the carbon dioxide-based pathway not being less than the annual sustainable aviation fuel demand; the annual biomass availability constraint is expressed as the annual biomass consumption of the biomass-based pathway not exceeding the annual biomass availability.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: In step S5, the hourly wind power output is obtained by multiplying the wind power installed capacity by the corresponding hourly wind power capacity factor, and the hourly photovoltaic output is obtained by multiplying the photovoltaic installed capacity by the corresponding hourly photovoltaic capacity factor; in the hourly power balance, the power supply items include wind power output, photovoltaic output, battery discharge and grid purchase, and the power consumption items include electricity used by the electrolyzer, electricity used by the air separation unit, battery charging, electricity used for compression auxiliary, and renewable energy curtailment; in step S5, the annual renewable energy proportion constraint is expressed by the proportional relationship between the annual wind power output, the annual photovoltaic output and the annual grid purchase, which is used to limit the dependence of the hybrid sustainable aviation fuel production system on grid power.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the electrolyzer is a modular alkaline water electrolyzer, and constraints are established on the number of electrolyzer modules installed, the number of online modules per hour, the minimum stable load, the maximum operating power, the start-up and shutdown status, and the minimum start-up time to characterize the operation of hydrogen production by electrolysis under renewable power fluctuation conditions; In step S6, the dynamic constraints of hydrogen storage include hourly hydrogen inventory recursion constraints, hydrogen inventory upper limit constraints, hydrogen filling rate upper limit constraints, hydrogen venting rate upper limit constraints, and annual cycle boundary constraints; the model does not set mutually exclusive binary variables for hydrogen storage filling and venting, but suppresses non-physical cycles through storage efficiency loss and storage throughput penalty terms.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: In step S7, the by-product oxygen from electrolysis is used as gaseous oxygen that can be directly utilized or vented; the air separation unit provides both gaseous oxygen and liquid oxygen, wherein only the liquid oxygen produced by the air separation unit enters the liquid oxygen storage, and the dynamic constraints of the liquid oxygen storage include hourly liquid oxygen inventory recursion constraints, liquid oxygen inventory upper limit constraints, liquid oxygen filling rate upper limit constraints, liquid oxygen release rate upper limit constraints, and annual cycle boundary constraints. In step S7, the power consumption of the air separation unit is obtained by multiplying the gaseous oxygen production and liquid oxygen production by the corresponding unit power consumption and then summing them. The method sets minimum load constraints, maximum load constraints and liquid oxygen production ratio constraints for the air separation unit to characterize the coordinated operation of the air separation unit between direct oxygen supply and liquid oxygen buffering.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in step S8, the internal carbon dioxide sink and distribution constraints include constraints on the amount of recyclable carbon dioxide generated, constraints on the carbon dioxide demand of the carbon dioxide-based pathway, constraints on the balance between the amount of internal carbon dioxide utilization and the amount of purchased carbon dioxide, and constraints on the disposal of unused carbon dioxide; the internal carbon dioxide sink does not have a dynamic carbon dioxide inventory, but is instead a pathway-level distribution node.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: In step S9, the dynamic constraints of battery energy storage include hourly recursive state of charge constraints, upper limit constraints of state of charge, upper limit constraints of charging power, upper limit constraints of discharging power, and annual cycle boundary constraints; The model does not set mutually exclusive binary variables for battery charging and discharging, but suppresses invalid cycles through charging and discharging efficiency loss and energy storage throughput penalty terms; In step S10, the annualized total system cost includes annualized investment cost, fixed operation and maintenance cost, variable operating cost, biomass procurement cost, purchased carbon dioxide procurement cost, grid electricity purchase cost, carbon cost related to grid electricity purchase, renewable electricity curtailment penalty, oxygen venting penalty, unused carbon dioxide disposal cost, and energy storage throughput penalty; when electricity transmission is permitted, the annualized total system cost also deducts electricity transmission revenue.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the method further includes scenario scanning of the annual biomass availability, calculating the fuel path production configuration, renewable energy capacity, electrolyzer capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, air separation capacity, liquid oxygen storage capacity, internal carbon dioxide utilization and minimum selling price under different biomass availability, in order to identify the critical interval in which the system's dominant burden shifts from the hydrogen production side to the oxygen production side. The method also includes scenario scanning of renewable electricity ratio requirements, calculating grid purchase volume, renewable energy installed capacity, electrolyzer installed capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, abandoned volume and minimum sales price under different renewable electricity ratio requirements, in order to identify the nonlinear cost increase range when the system transforms from a grid-supported configuration to a renewable energy-driven configuration. The method also includes comparing different biomass-based sustainable aviation fuel production pathway designs, including a low external hydrogen demand pathway with water-gas shift, a hydrogen-assisted pathway without water-gas shift, and a pathway with high water-gas shift and pressure swing adsorption to recover hydrogen. By comparing the hydrogen demand, oxygen demand, recoverable carbon dioxide and overall cost under different designs, the system role of the biomass-based pathway in the hybrid system as a low hydrogen demand pathway, a hydrogen-related pathway or a hydrogen / carbon-supported pathway is determined. The solution results of step S10 include at least: annual and hourly average production of biomass-based pathways, annual and hourly average production of carbon dioxide-based pathways, wind and solar power installed capacity, number of electrolyzer modules, air separation capacity, battery energy storage capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, liquid oxygen storage capacity, hourly electrolyzer power, hourly air separation load, hourly battery charge and discharge, hourly hydrogen charge and discharge, hourly liquid oxygen charge and discharge, oxygen venting, carbon dioxide disposal, and renewable energy waste.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: First, this invention transforms the production of hybrid sustainable aviation fuel from a simple path selection problem into a coupled planning problem involving electricity, hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon infrastructure, which can more accurately reflect the sources of system costs in biomass-constrained scenarios.

[0019] Second, this invention connects process simulation and system optimization through path-level net coefficients, avoiding the need to dynamically model complex process units one by one on an hourly scale throughout the year. This preserves key material interfaces and improves the solvability of the planning model.

[0020] Third, the present invention explicitly considers the storage of by-product oxygen from electrolysis, gaseous oxygen from air separation, liquid oxygen from air separation, and liquid oxygen, enabling oxygen-side infrastructure to be synergistically optimized with hydrogen-side and power-side infrastructure.

[0021] Fourth, the present invention sets up an internal carbon dioxide sink, enabling the carbon cycle between the biomass pathway and the carbon dioxide pathway to replace purchased carbon dioxide, thereby reducing carbon source costs and improving the utilization rate of internal resources.

[0022] Fifth, this invention can identify the impact of biomass supply, renewable electricity share, regional wind and solar resources, and biomass pathway design on the dominant burden of the system through scenario scanning, providing a basis for site selection, capacity configuration, and policy constraint assessment of regional sustainable aviation fuel projects. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hybrid sustainable aviation fuel production system of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the production path of biomass-based sustainable aviation fuel according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide-based sustainable aviation fuel production pathway of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrolytic hydrogen production and electrolytic by-product oxygen management subsystem of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air separation oxygen production and liquid oxygen storage subsystem of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the optimization process of the collaborative planning method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1: Construction of Hybrid System Boundaries The hybrid sustainable aviation fuel system consists of two fuel production pathways and a shared infrastructure layer. The first pathway is a biomass-based pathway, where biomass undergoes gasification, syngas conditioning, carbon dioxide capture, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and product upgrading to obtain sustainable aviation fuel fractions. The second pathway is a carbon dioxide-based pathway, where carbon dioxide and hydrogen undergo a reverse water-gas shift reaction to form syngas, which is then synthesized using Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and product upgrading to obtain sustainable aviation fuel fractions.

[0031] The shared infrastructure layer includes wind power generation, solar photovoltaic power generation, grid power purchase or transmission, alkaline water electrolysis for hydrogen production, air separation for oxygen production, battery energy storage, hydrogen storage, liquid oxygen storage, and internal carbon dioxide sinks.

[0032] Example 2: Determination of Net Coefficient at the Path Level Detailed process simulations of the biomass-based pathway were conducted to obtain the net biomass consumption, net hydrogen demand, net oxygen demand, and recyclable carbon dioxide production per unit of sustainable aviation fuel production.

[0033] Detailed process simulations were performed on the carbon dioxide-based pathway to obtain the net carbon dioxide demand, net hydrogen demand, net oxygen demand, and recoverable carbon dioxide production per unit of sustainable aviation fuel production. These pathway-level net coefficients were then input as linear interface parameters into the system-level planning model.

[0034] Example 3: Annual Production and Biomass Constraints Let the continuous production rate of the biomass-based pathway be... The continuous production rate of the carbon dioxide-based pathway is Annual operating hours are Annual sustainable aviation fuel demand is Then the annual output constraint can be expressed as .

[0035] Let the biomass consumption coefficient corresponding to a unit of sustainable aviation fuel production be . The annual available biomass in the region is Then the annual biomass availability constraint can be expressed as: .

[0036] Example 4: Power Layer Modeling Let the first Hourly wind power capacity factor is The photovoltaic capacity factor is The installed capacity of wind power is The installed capacity of photovoltaic power is Then the wind power output Photovoltaic power output .

[0037] No. The hourly power balance can be expressed as: Example 5: Modeling of Hydrogen Production and Storage by Electrolysis Let the electrolytic cell be... Hourly power is The hydrogen yield coefficient is Then the first hourly hydrogen production from electrolysis is .

[0038] Hydrogen inventory can be recursively expressed as: Hydrogen inventory shall not exceed hydrogen storage capacity, filling and venting rates shall not exceed the corresponding maximum rates, and annual cycle boundaries shall be set.

[0039] Example 6: Modeling of Oxygen Networks, Air Separation, and Liquid Oxygen Storage Water electrolysis produces hydrogen and, according to stoichiometry, oxygen as a byproduct. This byproduct oxygen can be used directly in fuel production or vented when demand is insufficient.

[0040] The space division unit in the first It can produce gaseous oxygen per hour and liquid oxygen The power consumption of air separation can be expressed as... .

[0041] Liquid oxygen inventory recursion can be expressed as Only the liquid oxygen produced by the air separation unit can be stored in liquid oxygen storage.

[0042] Example 7: Modeling of Internal Carbon Dioxide Sink Assume that the recyclable carbon dioxide generated by both the biomass-based and carbon dioxide-based pathways enters the internal carbon dioxide sink. The carbon dioxide demand of the carbon dioxide-based pathway is met by both internal carbon dioxide utilization and externally purchased carbon dioxide.

[0043] The amount of internal carbon dioxide utilized shall not exceed the amount of internally recyclable carbon dioxide generated. When the amount of internally recyclable carbon dioxide exceeds the demand, the remaining amount shall be recorded as unused carbon dioxide disposal; when the amount of internally recyclable carbon dioxide is insufficient, it shall be supplemented by externally purchased carbon dioxide.

[0044] Example 8: Objective Function and Solution This embodiment aims to minimize the annualized total system cost. Equipment investment costs are converted into annualized investment costs using a capital recovery factor. The objective function also includes fixed operation and maintenance costs, raw material costs, grid electricity purchase costs, carbon costs, curtailment penalties, oxygen venting penalties, unused carbon dioxide disposal costs, and energy storage throughput penalties.

[0045] The above constraints and objective function are combined into a mixed-integer linear programming model, which can be solved using GAMS, Pyomo, JuMP, or other modeling languages ​​by calling a mixed-integer programming solver. The minimum sustainable aviation fuel sales price can be obtained by dividing the annualized total system cost by the annual sustainable aviation fuel production.

[0046] Example 9: Scenario Analysis By fixing the required proportion of wind and solar resources and renewable electricity in a given area, and varying the annual biomass availability, the pathway configuration and infrastructure burden under different biomass supply levels can be calculated. When biomass availability is low, the main burden on the system is concentrated on renewable electricity, electrolysis hydrogen production, and hydrogen storage; as biomass availability increases, oxygen demand may gradually become the dominant burden.

[0047] By fixing the annual availability of biomass and changing the minimum renewable electricity share requirement, the non-linear cost increases that can be identified when a system transitions from a grid-supported configuration to a renewable energy-driven configuration can be identified.

[0048] Example 10: Comparison of Biomass Pathway Design Different process design assumptions were applied to biomass-based pathways, and the pathway-level net coefficients were calculated and substituted into the same system-level planning model. The different designs included a low external hydrogen demand pathway with water-gas shift conversion, a hydrogen-assisted pathway without water-gas shift conversion, and a pathway with high water-gas shift conversion and pressure swing adsorption (PSA) for hydrogen recovery.

[0049] By comparing the hydrogen demand, oxygen demand, recoverable carbon dioxide quantity, and overall cost under different designs, it is possible to determine whether the biomass-based pathway is the main fuel pathway with low hydrogen demand in a hybrid system, a pathway that requires renewable hydrogen support, or a pathway that can provide hydrogen and carbon sources to support the carbon dioxide-based pathway.

[0050] Industrial applicability This invention can be used for preliminary feasibility studies of sustainable aviation fuel projects, regional resource allocation, low-carbon fuel base planning, co-design of electrolytic hydrogen production and air separation oxygen production infrastructure, carbon source cycle scheme evaluation, and policy scenario analysis. This method is applicable to hybrid sustainable aviation fuel systems in biomass-limited regions, as well as liquid fuel synthesis systems containing other renewable carbon sources, low-carbon hydrogen sources, or oxygen demand units.

[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0052] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for co-optimization of carbon-hydrogen-oxygen infrastructure for mixed sustainable aviation fuel production under biomass-constrained conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Determine the system boundary of the hybrid sustainable aviation fuel production system, which includes the biomass-based sustainable aviation fuel production pathway, the carbon dioxide-based sustainable aviation fuel production pathway, and the shared electricity, hydrogen, oxygen, energy storage, and carbon transfer infrastructure layer. S2. Obtain planning input data, which includes the annual hourly wind power capacity factor, the annual hourly photovoltaic capacity factor, the annual sustainable aviation fuel demand, the annual biomass availability, the price of purchased carbon dioxide, the grid electricity price, equipment investment parameters, operation and maintenance parameters, and the renewable electricity ratio requirement. S3. Based on process simulation or historical operating data, determine the path-level net coefficients of the two production paths. The path-level net coefficients include at least the biomass consumption, hydrogen demand, oxygen demand, recyclable carbon dioxide production, and carbon dioxide feed demand corresponding to the unit sustainable aviation fuel production. S4. Equip the two production paths into continuous production modules and establish annual sustainable aviation fuel production constraints, path capacity constraints, and annual biomass availability constraints. S5. Based on wind power installed capacity, photovoltaic installed capacity, grid purchase electricity, battery charging and discharging, electrolyzer electricity consumption, air separation electricity consumption and renewable energy abandonment, establish hourly power balance constraints and annual renewable energy proportion constraints. S6. Based on the electrolyzer operating power, hydrogen yield, hydrogen demand of the two fuel production paths, and hydrogen storage and charging / discharging process, establish hourly hydrogen balance constraints, hydrogen storage constraints, and hydrogen charging / discharging rate constraints. S7. Based on the oxygen demand and oxygen venting volume of the electrolysis by-product oxygen, direct gas oxygen from air separation, liquid oxygen from air separation, liquid oxygen storage and charging / discharging processes, and the two fuel production paths, establish hourly oxygen balance constraints, liquid oxygen storage constraints, and liquid oxygen charging / discharging rate constraints. S8. Establish internal carbon dioxide pooling and distribution constraints so that the recyclable carbon dioxide generated by the biomass-based and carbon dioxide-based pathways is used first to meet the carbon dioxide feed demand of the carbon dioxide-based pathway, and the insufficient part is supplemented by external carbon dioxide. S9. Establish capacity constraints and operational constraints for shared infrastructure, wherein the shared infrastructure includes at least wind power, photovoltaic power, electrolyzers, air separation units, battery energy storage, hydrogen storage, and liquid oxygen storage. S10. Establish and solve a mixed-integer linear programming model with the goal of minimizing the annualized total system cost. Output the output configuration of the two fuel production paths, the installed capacity of each shared infrastructure, the hourly operation scheduling, the internal carbon dioxide utilization, the external carbon dioxide purchase, the abandoned electricity, the oxygen release, and the minimum sales price of sustainable aviation fuel.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomass-based sustainable aviation fuel production pathway includes biomass gasification, syngas conditioning, carbon dioxide capture, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, product separation and aviation fuel fraction upgrading, and exhaust gas treatment steps. In the mixed-integer linear programming model, the biomass-based pathway is linearly equivalent to the net biomass consumption, net hydrogen demand, net oxygen demand, and recoverable carbon dioxide production per unit of sustainable aviation fuel production.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide-based sustainable aviation fuel production pathway includes carbon dioxide reverse water-gas shift reaction, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, product separation, and aviation fuel fraction upgrading steps. The carbon dioxide demand of the carbon dioxide-based pathway is primarily provided by an internal carbon dioxide sink, and externally purchased carbon dioxide is introduced when the internal carbon dioxide is insufficient.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the annual sustainable aviation fuel production constraint means that the sum of the annual production of the biomass-based pathway and the annual production of the carbon dioxide-based pathway is not less than the annual sustainable aviation fuel demand; the annual biomass availability constraint means that the annual biomass consumption of the biomass-based pathway does not exceed the annual biomass availability.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the hourly wind power output is obtained by multiplying the wind power installed capacity by the corresponding hourly wind power capacity factor, and the hourly photovoltaic output is obtained by multiplying the photovoltaic installed capacity by the corresponding hourly photovoltaic capacity factor. In the hourly power balance, the power supply items include wind power output, photovoltaic output, battery discharge and grid purchase, and the power consumption items include electricity used by electrolyzers, electricity used by air separation, battery charging, electricity used for compression auxiliary and renewable energy curtailment. In step S5, the annual renewable electricity ratio constraint is expressed as the ratio between annual wind power output, annual photovoltaic power output and annual grid power purchase, and is used to limit the dependence of the hybrid sustainable aviation fuel production system on grid power.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the electrolyzer is a modular alkaline water electrolyzer. Constraints are established on the number of electrolyzer modules, the number of online modules per hour, the minimum stable load, the maximum operating power, the start-up and shutdown status, and the minimum start-up time to characterize the operation of hydrogen production by electrolysis under renewable power fluctuation conditions. In step S6, the dynamic constraints of hydrogen storage include hourly hydrogen inventory recursion constraints, hydrogen inventory upper limit constraints, hydrogen filling rate upper limit constraints, hydrogen venting rate upper limit constraints, and annual cycle boundary constraints; the model does not set mutually exclusive binary variables for hydrogen storage filling and venting, but suppresses non-physical cycles through storage efficiency loss and storage throughput penalty terms.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S7, the by-product oxygen from electrolysis is used as gaseous oxygen that can be directly utilized or vented; the air separation unit provides both gaseous oxygen and liquid oxygen, of which only the liquid oxygen produced by the air separation unit enters the liquid oxygen storage. The dynamic constraints of the liquid oxygen storage include hourly liquid oxygen inventory recursion constraints, liquid oxygen inventory upper limit constraints, liquid oxygen filling rate upper limit constraints, liquid oxygen release rate upper limit constraints, and annual cycle boundary constraints. In step S7, the power consumption of the air separation unit is obtained by multiplying the gaseous oxygen production and liquid oxygen production by the corresponding unit power consumption and then summing them. The method sets minimum load constraints, maximum load constraints and liquid oxygen production ratio constraints for the air separation unit to characterize the coordinated operation of the air separation unit between direct oxygen supply and liquid oxygen buffering.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S8, the internal carbon dioxide sink and distribution constraints include constraints on the amount of recyclable carbon dioxide produced, carbon dioxide demand constraints on the carbon dioxide-based pathway, balance constraints on the amount of internal carbon dioxide utilization and the amount of purchased carbon dioxide, and constraints on the disposal of unused carbon dioxide; the internal carbon dioxide sink does not have a dynamic carbon dioxide inventory, but is instead used as a pathway-level distribution node.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S9, the dynamic constraints of battery energy storage include hourly recursive state of charge constraints, upper limit constraints of state of charge, upper limit constraints of charging power, upper limit constraints of discharging power, and annual cycle boundary constraints; the model does not set mutually exclusive binary variables for battery charging and discharging, but suppresses invalid cycles through charging and discharging efficiency loss and energy storage throughput penalty terms; In step S10, the annualized total system cost includes annualized investment cost, fixed operation and maintenance cost, variable operating cost, biomass procurement cost, purchased carbon dioxide procurement cost, grid electricity purchase cost, carbon cost related to grid electricity purchase, renewable electricity curtailment penalty, oxygen venting penalty, unused carbon dioxide disposal cost, and energy storage throughput penalty; when electricity transmission is permitted, the annualized total system cost also deducts electricity transmission revenue.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes scenario scanning of the annual biomass availability, calculating the fuel path production configuration, renewable energy capacity, electrolyzer capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, air separation capacity, liquid oxygen storage capacity, internal carbon dioxide utilization and minimum selling price under different biomass availability, in order to identify the critical range in which the system's dominant burden shifts from the hydrogen production side to the oxygen production side. The method also includes scenario scanning of renewable electricity ratio requirements, calculating grid purchase volume, renewable energy installed capacity, electrolyzer installed capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, abandoned volume and minimum sales price under different renewable electricity ratio requirements, in order to identify the nonlinear cost increase range when the system transforms from a grid-supported configuration to a renewable energy-driven configuration. The method also includes comparing different biomass-based sustainable aviation fuel production pathway designs, including a low external hydrogen demand pathway with water-gas shift, a hydrogen-assisted pathway without water-gas shift, and a pathway with high water-gas shift and pressure swing adsorption to recover hydrogen. By comparing the hydrogen demand, oxygen demand, recoverable carbon dioxide and overall cost under different designs, the system role of the biomass-based pathway in the hybrid system as a low hydrogen demand pathway, a hydrogen-related pathway or a hydrogen / carbon-supported pathway is determined. The solution results of step S10 include at least: annual and hourly average production of biomass-based pathways, annual and hourly average production of carbon dioxide-based pathways, wind and solar power installed capacity, number of electrolyzer modules, air separation capacity, battery energy storage capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, liquid oxygen storage capacity, hourly electrolyzer power, hourly air separation load, hourly battery charge and discharge, hourly hydrogen charge and discharge, hourly liquid oxygen charge and discharge, oxygen venting, carbon dioxide disposal, and renewable energy waste.

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