Cut slope disaster monitoring devices and their deployment methods

Abstract

This invention discloses a road cut slope disaster monitoring device and its deployment method, comprising: a protective net installed along the toe of the road cut slope; multiple columns vertically fixed to the toe of the slope and spaced apart, the protective net being connected between adjacent columns; an integrated vibration and tilt sensor installed on the columns or the protective net, used to monitor vibration signals or tilt angle change signals generated by the impact of falling rocks on the protective net and / or columns; and a wireless communication module for transmitting the vibration signals and / or tilt angle change signals to a remote location. This invention eliminates the need for slope construction and directly monitors the risk of falling rock impact by relying on the slope toe protective net and columns, thus addressing the shortcomings of traditional monitoring methods. It achieves efficient, accurate, and low-cost monitoring of road cut slope disasters, possessing advantages such as strong adaptability, high monitoring accuracy, convenient construction, low cost, and easy maintenance. It has significant engineering value for improving the prevention and control capabilities of highway slope disasters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope disaster monitoring technology, specifically to a road cut slope disaster monitoring device and its deployment method. Background Technology

[0002] Mountainous national and provincial highway cuttings are frequently affected by geological disasters such as landslides, rockfalls, and slope collapses due to the combined effects of heavy rainfall during the flood season, freeze-thaw cycles, topography, geology, and climate. This poses a severe challenge to the safety of highway traffic operations. Engineering treatment methods are either too costly or too difficult to meet the needs of intelligent and routine monitoring of highway slopes.

[0003] With the development of the Internet of Things and smart sensing technology, deploying sensors has become an option; however, existing deployment technologies have the following prominent shortcomings: 1. Limited coverage: Single-point deployment is difficult to fully cover long-distance road cut slopes. The selection of monitoring points is highly subjective, which can easily lead to monitoring blind spots or redundant deployments. Some local collapses and rockfalls are difficult to capture. 2. Currently, monitoring facilities are mainly deployed by placing sensors on the slope surface, which has problems such as high risk of high-altitude operations, high construction difficulty, high cost, and inconvenience of later maintenance; 3. Weak monitoring targeting: Slope sensors monitor slope deformation trends but cannot directly capture the core risk of landslides and falling rocks hitting roads and threatening traffic, resulting in significant delays in early warning. 4. The equipment is easily damaged and difficult to maintain: The slope sensor is exposed to harsh environment and is easily damaged by falling rocks and soaked in rainwater, making subsequent maintenance and repair difficult and the failure rate high.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a road cut slope disaster monitoring device and its deployment method that can directly monitor the risk of rockfall impact without slope construction and rely on slope toe protection nets and pillars, in order to solve the pain points of traditional monitoring methods and achieve efficient, accurate and low-cost monitoring of road cut slope disasters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a road cutting slope disaster monitoring device and its deployment method that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems. It has strong adaptability, high monitoring accuracy, convenient construction, low cost and easy maintenance, and has important engineering value for improving the ability of highway slope disaster prevention and control.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a road cut slope disaster monitoring device includes: Protective netting is installed at the toe of the slope along the road cut; Multiple posts are vertically fixed at the foot of the slope and spaced apart, and the protective net is connected between adjacent posts; An integrated vibration and tilt sensor is installed on the column or protective net to monitor vibration signals or tilt change signals caused by the impact of falling rocks on the protective net and / or column; A wireless communication module is used to transmit the vibration signal and / or tilt change signal to a remote end.

[0007] In some embodiments, the integrated vibration tilt sensor is detachably connected to the top of the column via a flange.

[0008] In some implementations, the remote end includes a local server or a remote server.

[0009] In some embodiments, the road cut slope disaster monitoring device further includes a support structure and a solar panel mounted on the support structure. The support structure is mounted on a column or at the foot of the slope and includes a support body and a solar panel, with the solar panel connected to the top of the support body.

[0010] In some embodiments, the road cut slope disaster monitoring device further includes anti-theft barbed wire, which is wrapped around the upper edge of the protective net.

[0011] In some embodiments, the columns are I-beams, the height of the columns is greater than 1 meter, the spacing between the columns is 2-6 meters, and the bottom of the columns is fixed to a concrete base or retaining wall by bolts.

[0012] The method for deploying a road cut slope disaster monitoring device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. At the toe of the road cut slope, along the direction of the highway, a protective structure consisting of protective netting and posts is installed. S2. Install the integrated vibration tilt sensor on the column or protective net; S3. The vibration and tilt angle integrated sensor is used to monitor in real time the vibration signal and / or tilt angle change signal generated by the impact of the rockfall on the road cut slope on the protective net or the column, and the vibration signal and / or tilt angle change signal is transmitted to the remote end using a wireless communication module.

[0013] In some implementations, in step S1, the bottom of the column is fixed by a concrete base or by anchoring it to a retaining wall, and the protective net is laid between adjacent columns.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S2, the integrated vibration tilt sensor is installed on top of the column via a flange structure, at a height of more than one meter from the column foundation, and is waterproofed and sealed; and / or, The measurement direction of the integrated vibration and tilt angle sensor is calibrated so that its vibration measurement direction is consistent with the impact direction of the falling rock, and its tilt angle measurement direction is perpendicular to the plane of the protective net; and / or, The placement of the columns and the integrated vibration tilt sensor is determined based on the slope risk level: in high-risk sections, the columns are placed more densely; and / or, An integrated vibration tilt sensor is added to the stress point at the edge of the protective net.

[0015] In some implementations, in step S3, the integrated vibration tilt sensor has a built-in or external power supply module, wireless communication module, or main interface; the wireless communication module uses LoRa and 4G dual-mode wireless communication to upload monitoring data to a remote location. The remote device is preset with vibration intensity thresholds and tilt angle change thresholds. When the monitored vibration signal or tilt angle change signal exceeds its corresponding threshold, an early warning is triggered.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0017] (1) Construction difficulty and cost are greatly reduced The road cut slope disaster monitoring device of this invention does not require slope surface installation, high-altitude operation, or slope surface drilling and anchoring. It is constructed only at the slope toe, which is simple to construct, has a short construction period, and low cost, making it suitable for large-scale promotion and application on ordinary national and provincial trunk highways.

[0018] (2) The monitoring is highly targeted and the early warning is accurate and timely. The road cut slope disaster monitoring device of this invention directly monitors the core risk of landslides and falling rocks impacting the slope toe and endangering traffic safety. The integrated vibration and tilt sensor is deployed at the impact point, and an alarm is triggered when the vibration exceeds the threshold. It shifts from "monitoring slope deformation" to "monitoring direct disaster threats", with fast early warning response and no lag, effectively ensuring driving safety.

[0019] (3) Structural innovation and functional integration The road cut slope disaster monitoring device of this invention innovatively adopts a combination structure of protective netting and column-mounted vibration and tilt angle integrated sensor. The protective netting has the dual functions of passively intercepting collapsed rocks and serving as a carrier for the vibration and tilt angle integrated sensor. One structure with two uses improves the practicality and economy of the monitoring system.

[0020] (4) Highly adaptable and stable The sensor is low-power, waterproof, and interference-resistant, making it suitable for outdoor scenarios without power. The deployment scheme is adapted to the characteristics of road cut slopes on ordinary national and provincial highways, and the density can be dynamically adjusted according to the risk level. There are no blind spots in monitoring, and the data is stable and accurate.

[0021] (5) Simple operation and maintenance, long-term practicality The sensors are concentrated at the toe of the slope, making subsequent inspection, maintenance, and replacement convenient and reducing operation and maintenance costs; the system can operate stably for a long time, providing reliable technical support for routine monitoring of highway slope disasters. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the deployment of the road cut slope disaster monitoring device provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated vibration tilt sensor provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 These are exploded views of the support structure and solar panel provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 These are physical images of the road cut slope disaster monitoring device deployed according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a method for deploying a road cut slope disaster monitoring device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] Attached image annotations: 1. Cut slope; 2. Protective netting; 3. Posts; 4. Foundation; 5. Integrated vibration and tilt sensor; 6. Anti-theft barbed wire; 7. Highway pavement; 8. Wireless communication module; 9. Power module; 10. Main connector; 11. Main chip; 12. Support structure; 121. Hoop; 122. Longitudinal bar; 123. Transverse bar; 124. U-lock; 125. Cable outlet; 126. Solar bracket; 127. Threaded hole; 13. Solar panel. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0027] In the description of this invention, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this invention.

[0028] The plurality in this invention includes two or more.

[0029] When landslides, rockfalls, debris flows, and boulders slide down to the foot of a slope, they can easily affect traffic safety and represent the last line of defense directly impacting traffic flow after a disaster. By deploying sensor components, such as integrated vibration and tilt sensors, on the slope toe protection net, sudden changes in signals of landslides, rockfalls, and debris flows across the entire slope can be detected in a timely manner. These sensors also act as a protective barrier, intercepting falling rocks and boulders from the road surface and reducing their impact on traffic safety. Simultaneously, the integrated vibration and tilt sensors can continuously collect parameters such as vibration amplitude, frequency characteristics, and tilt angle changes, providing data support for slope stability assessment.

[0030] Combination Figure 1-4 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a road cut slope disaster monitoring device, comprising: Protective netting 2 is installed at the toe of the slope along the road cut slope 1; Multiple columns 3 are vertically fixed at the toe of the slope, specifically on the foundation 4 at the toe of the slope. The foundation can be a concrete base or a retaining wall. The distance between the concrete base or retaining wall 4 and the road surface 7 is 1.2 meters to 1.5 meters. The columns 3 are arranged at intervals, and the protective net 2 is connected between adjacent columns 3. A sensor assembly, mounted on the column 3, is used to monitor at least one of the following: the overall deformation of the protective netting; The change in the inclination angle of the column; The change in the tilt angle of the protective net; Vibration signals and / or tilt angle change signals generated by the impact of falling rocks on the protective netting or pillars.

[0031] The sensor assembly includes an integrated vibration and tilt sensor, which is installed on the column or protective net to monitor vibration signals and tilt change signals generated by the impact of falling rocks on the protective net and column; A wireless communication module is used to transmit the vibration signal or tilt change signal to a remote end.

[0032] In some embodiments, the remote end includes a local server or a remote server, and the remote server includes a cloud server.

[0033] Among them, combined Figure 1 As shown, the protective net 2 is a passive diamond-shaped protective net, which is spaced a certain distance from the road surface. The upper edge of the protective net 2 is continuously wrapped with anti-theft barbed wire 6 to protect the sensor components.

[0034] The column 3 can be an I-beam, for example, a 14mm thick, 1.5m long I-beam with a 220mm×380mm flange at the top for mounting the integrated vibration and tilt sensor. The I-beam and the flange, as well as the flange and the integrated vibration and tilt sensor, can be welded together, or they can be connected by threads or other detachable methods.

[0035] See Figure 2 As shown, the vibration and tilt integrated sensor 5 integrates a wireless communication module 8, a power supply module 9, a main connector 10, and a main chip 11. The power supply module 9 is a rechargeable battery, the main connector 10 includes a photovoltaic panel charging interface, the wireless communication module includes a LoRa module and a 4G module, and the main chip 11 includes a tilt sensor, a vibration sensor, and a microprocessor. After the above sensor components are installed, they are calibrated so that the vibration measurement direction is consistent with the rockfall impact direction, and the tilt measurement direction is perpendicular to the plane of the protective net, accurately capturing impact vibration and sudden tilt angle changes.

[0036] See Figure 3 The bracket structure shown includes clamps 121, longitudinal rods 122, transverse rods 123, U-locks 124, cable ports 125, solar brackets 126, and threaded holes 127. Multiple sets of clamps 121 are provided on the bottom longitudinal rods, and each set of clamps 121 is fixed by expansion bolts. The longitudinal rods 122 and transverse rods 123 are fixed together by welding or threaded connection. The solar bracket 126 is detachably connected to the top of the bracket structure 12 by fasteners such as U-locks 124 and nuts. A solar panel 13 is fixedly connected to the solar bracket 126 via threaded holes 127 and screws and nuts. The cable port 125 includes an inlet and an outlet, which are connected to the solar panel and battery, respectively.

[0037] Figure 4 A physical diagram of a road cut slope disaster monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0038] according to Figure 5 The deployment method of the road cut slope disaster monitoring device shown includes: S1. At the toe of the road cut slope, along the direction of the highway, a protective structure consisting of protective netting and posts is installed. S2. Install the integrated vibration tilt sensor on the column or protective net; S3. The vibration and tilt angle integrated sensor is used to monitor in real time the vibration signal and / or tilt angle change signal generated by the impact of the rockfall on the road cut slope on the protective net or the column, and the vibration signal and / or tilt angle change signal is transmitted to the remote end using a wireless communication module.

[0039] In some embodiments, in step S1, the bottom of the column is fixed by a concrete base or by anchoring it to a retaining wall, and the protective net is laid between adjacent columns.

[0040] In some embodiments, in step S2, the integrated vibration tilt sensor is installed on the top of the column via a flange structure, with the installation height more than one meter away from the column foundation, and is waterproof and sealed. The measurement direction of the integrated vibration and tilt angle sensor is calibrated so that its vibration measurement direction is consistent with the impact direction of the falling rock, and its tilt angle measurement direction is perpendicular to the plane of the protective net. The placement of the columns and the integrated vibration tilt sensor is determined according to the slope risk level: in high-risk sections, the columns are placed more densely. An integrated vibration tilt sensor is added to the stress point at the edge of the protective net.

[0041] In some embodiments, in step S3, the integrated vibration tilt sensor has a built-in or external power supply module, wireless communication module, or main interface; the wireless communication module uses LoRa and 4G dual-mode wireless communication to upload monitoring data to a remote location; The vibration intensity threshold and tilt angle change threshold are preset on the remote end. When the monitored vibration signal or tilt angle change signal exceeds the corresponding threshold, an early warning is triggered.

[0042] In summary, this embodiment of the invention deploys a protective net and pillars at the toe of the slope, and installs sensor components, such as integrated vibration and tilt sensors, on the protective net pillars. When a rockfall hits the pillar, it generates vibration and tilt change signals. If the signal exceeds a threshold, an alarm review mechanism is triggered. In addition to serving as a carrier for the vibration and tilt sensors, this slope toe protective net and pillars also serve to prevent slope collapse and rockfall.

[0043] This deployment method significantly reduces construction difficulty and project cost, is highly adaptable to slope gradient and protective structure, facilitates later operation and maintenance, and greatly reduces the monitoring blind spots of sudden disaster risk signals because it is deployed along the road at the toe of the slope.

[0044] The above-mentioned method for deploying road cut slope disaster monitoring devices includes the following steps:

[0045] 1. Preparations before deployment

[0046] A comprehensive investigation was conducted on the risks and hazards of road cut slopes along ordinary national and provincial highways. The height, slope, lithology, and risk level of slopes requiring monitoring and early warning were identified, and high-risk sections for landslides, rockfalls, and debris flows, as well as the protection area at the toe of the slope, were determined. The topography at the toe of the slope was surveyed, and the installation location and structural dimensions of the slope toe protection net and pillars were planned.

[0047] Simultaneously prepare integrated vibration and tilt sensors, protective nets, reinforced columns, fixing components, and data transmission components; the sensors are selected to be waterproof, corrosion-resistant, anti-interference, and low-power, with a vibration tilt measurement accuracy of no less than 0.5°, a vibration measurement range of 0-10Hz, and can identify vibration signals from falling rocks. They are suitable for outdoor scenarios without external power supply, and are powered by solar energy and batteries, providing continuous power for no less than 7*24 hours in the absence of sunlight.

[0048] 2. Installation of protective netting and posts

[0049] Along the road route, a combination of protective netting and posts is continuously installed at the toe of the cut slope. (1) If there is a retaining wall foundation at the toe of the slope, columns shall be installed every 5m with expansion bolts. The column height shall be 1.5m. If there is no retaining wall at the toe of the slope, columns shall be fixed with cement foundations every 5m. The steel columns shall be made of 14mm thick and 1.5m long I-beams, with a 220mm×380mm flange at the top for installing integrated vibration tilt sensors. The bottom of the column shall be fixed to the expansion bolts with cement foundations (if there is a retaining wall, the retaining wall shall be used as the foundation) to ensure overall impact resistance and stability. (2) A diamond-shaped protective net is laid between the columns to form a continuous protective structure, which can not only intercept collapsed rocks and gravel, but also serve as a carrier for the installation of integrated vibration tilt sensors. (3) The column and the protective net are firmly connected to ensure that the vibration signal of the falling rock impact is effectively transmitted to the vibration tilt angle integrated sensor.

[0050] 3. Location determination of integrated vibration and tilt sensor

[0051] Following the principle of "prioritizing high-risk areas, ensuring full coverage of impact points, and supplementing with even distribution", vibration tilt sensors are only installed on the posts of the slope toe protection net, without the need to install them on the slope surface.

[0052] (1) One integrated vibration tilt sensor is installed on the top of each column as the core monitoring point to directly capture the sudden vibration signal of falling rock impact. See Figure 1 ; (2) One set of integrated vibration and tilt angle sensor is added to the stress point at the edge of the protective net to assist in monitoring the overall deformation and impact vibration of the slope toe protective net and the sudden change signal of tilt angle; (3) For high-risk slopes with a slope greater than 60° and high incidence of landslides and rockfalls, densely install columns in the protective netting area (the column spacing is reduced to 2~3m) to install integrated vibration tilt sensors; (4) The installation and layout of the slope protection net posts should avoid water flow erosion and areas where vehicles are prone to collision, to ensure the stable operation of the vibration tilt angle integrated sensor.

[0053] 4. Fixing and Installation of Integrated Vibration and Tilt Sensor

[0054] Based on the combined structure of the protective net and the column, an integrated vibration tilt sensor is installed on the column.

[0055] (1) Install the vibration tilt sensor on the column. Secure it with a flange, and install it at a height of more than 1.5m above the column foundation to avoid collision with debris and ensure waterproof sealing; continuously wrap anti-theft barbed wire around the edge of the protective net to protect the sensor. (2) The vibration and tilt angle integrated sensor is calibrated to measure the direction of vibration. The vibration measurement direction is consistent with the impact direction of falling rocks, and the tilt angle measurement direction is perpendicular to the plane of the protective net, so as to accurately capture the impact vibration and tilt angle change. (3) The integrated vibration and tilt sensor integrates communication, battery, and photovoltaic panel charging interfaces, enabling integrated vibration and tilt monitoring as well as self-powered and self-networked operation. See the diagram for the integrated vibration and tilt sensor. Figure 2 See the diagram for the installation of external photovoltaic panels. Figure 3 .

[0056] 5. Data transmission

[0057] The integrated vibration and tilt sensor connects via LoRa and 4G wireless, with a transmission distance of ≥100m, enabling real-time data upload, storage, and analysis. Preset vibration and tilt thresholds are provided: when a falling rock impacts a column and causes vibration intensity or tilt angle changes exceeding the device's thresholds, an early warning signal and vibration / tilt data are pushed out, supporting early warning dissemination.

[0058] 6. Debugging, verification, maintenance, and optimization

[0059] After deployment and installation, verify the accuracy, power supply and transmission stability of the integrated vibration and tilt sensor, simulate rockfall impact to test response sensitivity, troubleshoot, and optimize parameters to ensure timely and accurate early warning. Inspect the installation and transmission status of the integrated vibration and tilt sensor monthly, and calibrate its accuracy quarterly. Based on data feedback from high-risk rockfall areas, optimize sensor parameters to balance monitoring effectiveness and cost. Specific Implementation

[0060] The effectiveness of the device was verified through a case study of rockfall monitoring on a typical national or provincial highway cutting slope. The device was applied to a cutting slope of a typical national or provincial highway in a mountainous area. The slope was 30m high and 45°, with severely weathered rock, making it a high-risk area for rockfalls. The toe of the slope was adjacent to the highway lane.

[0061] (1) Application background and preliminary preparation

[0062] This embodiment selects a typical road cut slope on a national or provincial highway in a mountainous area as the implementation object. The slope is about 30m high and about 45°. The rock mass is severely weathered and is located in a section prone to rockfalls. The toe of the slope is close to the roadway, posing a significant driving safety hazard.

[0063] Before implementation, a site survey and risk assessment of the slope were conducted, identifying a high-risk rockfall zone approximately 100m long along the road. Based on the slope height, gradient, lithology, and toe top topography, the protection zone and column installation locations at the toe were determined. Simultaneously, 11 sets of integrated vibration and tilt sensors, diamond-shaped protective netting (60m x 4m), 20 steel columns, flanges, fixing components, and data transmission modules were prepared as construction materials and equipment.

[0064] (2) Installation of protective netting and posts

[0065] Steel columns are installed at 5m intervals along the toe of the slope. The columns are made of 14mm thick, 1.5m high I-beams, and secured at the base with expansion bolts to a concrete foundation or retaining wall to ensure overall structural stability. A 220mm x 380mm flange is installed at the top of each column for subsequent sensor installation. A diamond-shaped protective net is laid between adjacent columns to form a continuous passive protection structure, serving the dual function of intercepting falling rocks and supporting the sensors. The columns and the protective net are securely connected with steel straps to ensure effective transmission of vibration signals to the sensors upon rock impact.

[0066] (3) Deployment of integrated vibration and tilt sensors

[0067] Based on the principle of "prioritizing high-risk areas and ensuring full coverage of impact points," sensors are only deployed on the protective netting posts at the toe of the slope; no monitoring points are set up on the slope surface. In this embodiment, along a 100m monitoring section, one set of sensors is deployed at 10m intervals, for a total of 11 sets. Each set of sensors is securely connected to a flange with bolts, and the installation height is more than 1.5m above the post foundation, with waterproof sealing treatment applied. After installation, the sensors are calibrated so that the vibration measurement direction is consistent with the rockfall impact direction, and the tilt angle measurement direction is perpendicular to the plane of the protective netting, ensuring that the monitoring data accurately reflects the disaster event.

[0068] (4) Data transmission and early warning settings

[0069] The sensor employs dual-mode LoRa and 4G wireless communication, with a transmission distance of ≥100m, enabling real-time uploading and cloud storage of monitoring data. The system presets vibration amplitude and tilt angle change thresholds. When the vibration intensity or tilt angle change caused by a falling rock impacting the column exceeds the threshold, an alarm mechanism is automatically triggered, pushing out early warning signals and corresponding monitoring data, providing real-time support for early warning dissemination.

[0070] (5) Debugging, verification and operation and maintenance support

[0071] After deployment, the system's response was tested using simulated rockfall impacts. Test results showed that the sensor response time was less than 1 second, the warning signals were accurate, and the system operated stably. Subsequent maintenance will involve monthly inspections of the sensor's fixed status and transmission stability, quarterly calibration of sensor accuracy, and dynamic optimization of monitoring parameters based on rockfall event data feedback to ensure long-term reliable system operation.

[0072] (6) Implementation results

[0073] This embodiment successfully achieves real-time monitoring and accurate early warning of slope rockfall hazards without requiring slope construction or high-altitude operations. The system can effectively capture vibration and tilt angle changes caused by falling rocks impacting the columns. Data acquisition is continuous, transmission is stable, and early warning is timely, fully verifying the comprehensive advantages of this invention in terms of construction convenience, monitoring targeting, and system reliability, and possessing good engineering promotion value.

[0074] It should be noted that although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring a disaster of a cutting slope, characterized by, The road cut slope disaster monitoring device includes: Protective netting is installed at the toe of the slope along the road cut; Multiple posts are vertically fixed at the foot of the slope and spaced apart, and the protective net is connected between adjacent posts; An integrated vibration and tilt sensor is installed on the column or protective net to monitor vibration signals or tilt change signals caused by the impact of falling rocks on the protective net and / or column; A wireless communication module is used to transmit the vibration signal and / or tilt change signal to a remote end.

2. The device for monitoring a disaster of a cutting slope according to claim 1, wherein The integrated vibration and tilt sensor is detachably connected to the top of the column via a flange.

3. The monitoring device for a cutting slope disaster according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The remote end includes a local server or a remote server.

4. The monitoring device for a cutting slope disaster according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by The road cut slope disaster monitoring device also includes a support structure and solar panels installed on the support structure. The support structure is installed on a column or at the foot of the slope. The support structure includes a support body and a solar panel, with the solar panel connected to the top of the support body.

5. The monitoring device for a cutting slope disaster according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The road cut slope disaster monitoring device also includes anti-theft barbed wire, which is wrapped around the upper edge of the protective net.

6. The road cut slope disaster monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The columns are I-beams, the height of the columns is greater than 1 meter, the spacing between the columns is 2-6 meters, and the bottom of the columns are fixed to the concrete base or retaining wall by bolts.

7. A method for laying out a device for monitoring a disaster of a cutting slope, characterized by, Includes the following steps: S1. At the toe of the road cut slope, along the direction of the highway, a protective structure consisting of protective netting and posts is installed. S2. Install the integrated vibration tilt sensor on the column or protective net; S3. The vibration and tilt angle integrated sensor is used to monitor in real time the vibration signal and / or tilt angle change signal generated by the impact of the rockfall on the road cut slope on the protective net or the column, and the vibration signal and / or tilt angle change signal is transmitted to the remote end using a wireless communication module.

8. The routing method of claim 7, wherein, In step S1, the bottom of the column is fixed by a concrete base or by anchoring it to a retaining wall, and the protective net is laid between adjacent columns.

9. The routing method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, In step S2, the integrated vibration tilt sensor is installed on top of the column via a flange structure, at a height of more than one meter above the column foundation, and is waterproofed and sealed; and / or, The measurement direction of the integrated vibration and tilt angle sensor is calibrated so that its vibration measurement direction is consistent with the impact direction of the falling rock, and its tilt angle measurement direction is perpendicular to the plane of the protective net; and / or, The placement of the columns and the integrated vibration tilt sensor is determined based on the slope risk level: in high-risk sections, the columns are placed more densely; and / or, An integrated vibration tilt sensor is added to the stress point at the edge of the protective net.

10. The routing method of claim 7 or 8, wherein, In step S3, the integrated vibration tilt sensor has a built-in or external power supply module, wireless communication module, or main interface; the wireless communication module uses LoRa and 4G dual-mode wireless communication to upload monitoring data to a remote location. The remote device is preset with vibration intensity thresholds and tilt angle change thresholds. When the monitored vibration signal or tilt angle change signal exceeds its corresponding threshold, an early warning is triggered.

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