A vehicle-mounted HUD display element adaptive ambient color temperature adjusting device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive ambient color temperature adjustment device for vehicle-mounted HUD display elements, comprising a power management module, an auxiliary adjustment module, a core control module, an ambient light acquisition module, and a head-up display module. The power management module is connected to the auxiliary adjustment module, the core control module, the ambient light acquisition module, and the head-up display module. The auxiliary adjustment module and the ambient light acquisition module are connected to the core control module. The core control module is connected to the head-up display module. The advantages of this invention are: real-time monitoring of ambient light color temperature and dynamic adjustment of the HUD display color temperature to match the background spectrum, eliminating color temperature differences and reducing visual fatigue and glare; maintaining coordination between the display color temperature and ambient light under various lighting conditions to ensure optimal contrast and clarity, improving information reading efficiency; supporting custom color temperature offsets and preset modes for personalized compatibility; and achieving low cost and high integration using existing hardware.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of in-vehicle displays. Specifically, the present invention relates to an in-vehicle HUD display element adaptive ambient color temperature adjustment device for optimizing the adaptive visual comfort of a head-up display (HUD). Background Art

[0002] The adjustment functions of existing in-vehicle head-up display systems mainly focus on manual or automatic adjustment of display brightness and do not involve adaptive adjustment of display color temperature. In the actual driving environment, there are significant differences in the ambient light color temperature: during sunny days, the ambient light color temperature is relatively high, presenting cold light characteristics; in the evening, the ambient light color temperature is relatively low, presenting warm light characteristics; under the lighting conditions of street lamps at night, the ambient light color temperature is between the two and fluctuates due to different light source types. The display color temperature of the current in-vehicle head-up display (HUD) is a fixed value, forming a color temperature difference with the changing ambient light color temperature. This color temperature difference can cause visual fatigue and glare for the driver, or the display screen appears dull under certain lighting conditions, directly affecting information readability and reducing the driver's information acquisition efficiency.

[0003] Although consumer electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablet computers already have the function of adaptive color temperature adjustment, this technology cannot be directly applied to the in-vehicle environment. The in-vehicle scenario faces technical limitations such as faster ambient light changes, higher real-time requirements for the adjustment system, and the need to avoid screen flicker and color mutation during the adjustment process. There is no adaptive adjustment solution for display color temperature in the current in-vehicle head-up display (HUD) field, and it is impossible to maintain the stability of display comfort and information clarity under complex lighting conditions. In addition, the existing solutions do not consider the individual preferences of drivers for display color temperature, nor do they perform linkage compensation optimization for ambient light intensity and color temperature changes.

[0004] A method for controlling the light sensitivity of a display screen, along with its control device and display device (Publication No.: CN116312413B), is disclosed. The disclosed technical features are as follows: The method is applied to a terminal device with a foldable display screen. After opening a navigation application, the device enters HUD mode in response to the folded state of the display screen. The navigation instruction image displayed in the second display area of ​​the foldable screen is reflected by the windshield. Simultaneously, the current ambient color temperature and brightness parameters of the external environment in front of the windshield are collected. The display color of the navigation instruction image is adjusted according to the current ambient color temperature parameter to avoid the navigation instruction image being unclear due to overlap with the ambient light color. The display brightness and / or display size of the navigation instruction image are adjusted according to the current ambient brightness parameter to further maintain clear display of the navigation instruction image based on changes in ambient light brightness, thereby presenting a better display effect. The shortcomings of this technology are: it collects ambient color temperature data, adjusts the color of the head-up display (HUD) but not the display color temperature, which increases driver visual fatigue; it does not have an adaptive adjustment function for color temperature and light intensity for the driver; and it does not optimize and compensate the head-up display for light intensity in conjunction with the light intensity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an adaptive ambient color temperature adjustment device for vehicle-mounted HUD display elements, which is used to achieve adaptive visual comfort optimization for head-up displays (HUDs).

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an adaptive ambient color temperature adjustment device for vehicle-mounted HUD display elements, comprising a power management module 1, an auxiliary adjustment module 2, a core control module 3, an ambient light acquisition module 4, and a head-up display module 5; the power management module 1 is connected to the auxiliary adjustment module 2, the core control module 3, the ambient light acquisition module 4, and the head-up display module 5 respectively; the auxiliary adjustment module 2 and the ambient light acquisition module 4 are respectively connected to the core control module 3; the core control module 3 is connected to the head-up display module 5.

[0007] Power management module 1 supplies power to auxiliary adjustment module 2, core control module 3, ambient light acquisition module 4, and head-up display module 5 respectively; auxiliary adjustment module 2 transmits the driver's subjective commands to core control module 3; ambient light acquisition module 4 collects ambient light color temperature and light intensity data and transmits them to core control module 3; core control module 3 combines the commands and data from auxiliary adjustment module 2 and ambient light acquisition module 4 to send color temperature and brightness adjustment commands to head-up display module 5; head-up display module 5 receives the commands from core control module 3 and adjusts the color temperature and brightness of the display.

[0008] The power management module 1 includes power input and protection components, voltage conversion and regulation components, output drive and control components, signal acquisition and communication components, and auxiliary and energy storage components; the auxiliary adjustment module 2 includes a touch display module, a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a human-machine interaction logic unit; the core control module 3 includes a microcontroller (MCU); the ambient light acquisition module 4 includes a high-precision red, green, and blue (RGB) color temperature sensor; the head-up display module 5 includes a head-up display (HUD); the head-up display (HUD) includes red, green, and blue (RGB) three-color light sources and a pulse width modulation (PWM) constant current drive chip.

[0009] The ambient light acquisition module 4 will continuously collect ambient color temperature and light intensity in real time when the vehicle is working, and transmit the collected data to the core control module 3 at high frequency.

[0010] The core control module 3 will dynamically generate target display color temperature and brightness commands based on the basic color temperature matching strategy, light intensity compensation strategy, and driver preferences, and transmit them to the head-up display module 5.

[0011] The auxiliary adjustment module 2 supports custom color temperature and brightness offset and preset modes.

[0012] The ambient light acquisition module 4 acquires color temperature ranges in three categories: low color temperature range, medium color temperature range, and high color temperature range.

[0013] The head-up display module 5 displays a warm color tone when the color temperature range collected by the ambient light acquisition module 4 is in the low color temperature range; the head-up display module 5 displays a neutral color tone when the color temperature range collected by the ambient light acquisition module 4 is in the medium color temperature range; and the head-up display module 5 displays a cool color tone when the color temperature range collected by the ambient light acquisition module 4 is in the high color temperature range.

[0014] When the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light acquisition module 4 is less than the first light intensity threshold, the head-up display module 5 displays a value indicating that the color temperature is shifted towards the warmer color temperature range. When the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light acquisition module 4 is greater than the second light intensity threshold, the head-up display module 5 displays a value indicating that the color temperature is shifted towards the cooler color temperature range.

[0015] A method for an adaptive ambient color temperature adjustment device for vehicle-mounted HUD display elements, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: The vehicle starts, the head-up display module 5 starts with the default base color temperature, and the other modules initialize;

[0017] S2: Ambient light acquisition module 4 collects ambient color temperature and light intensity and transmits them to the core control module 3 in real time;

[0018] S3: The core control module 3 determines the basic display color temperature based on the ambient color temperature range and generates a target color temperature instruction, which is then transmitted to the head-up display module 5.

[0019] S4: The core control module 3 sends an adjustment command to the head-up display module 5, and the head-up display module 5 adjusts the color temperature and light intensity;

[0020] S5: When the ambient light change exceeds the threshold, return to S2 for loop operation; when the ambient light does not exceed the threshold, return to S4 for loop operation.

[0021] The technical advantages of this invention are as follows: It monitors the ambient light color temperature in real time and dynamically adjusts the HUD display color temperature to ensure the displayed image matches the background spectrum, eliminating color temperature differences and reducing visual fatigue, glare, and dullness. Under various lighting conditions, such as sunny days, evenings, and nighttime streetlights, the display color temperature remains coordinated with the ambient light, ensuring optimal contrast and clarity, avoiding blurry or glaring information, and improving information reading speed and accuracy. The system employs a rapid color temperature detection and adjustment mechanism, with a response speed matching sudden changes in ambient light, such as entering and exiting tunnels or tree-lined roads, ensuring zero delay in the adjustment process and uninterrupted information presentation. Simultaneously, the color temperature adjustment uses a smooth transition strategy to prevent abrupt changes or instantaneous color anomalies, and the adjustment action is imperceptible to the driver. It supports custom color temperature offsets and preset modes for personalized compatibility. It achieves low cost and high integration using existing hardware. Attached Figure Description

[0022] This manual includes the following figures, which illustrate the following:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a system structure block diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0025] The following modules are marked in the diagram: 1. Power Management Module; 2. Auxiliary Adjustment Module; 3. Core Control Module; 4. Ambient Light Acquisition Module; 5. Head-Up Display Module. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, and to facilitate its implementation.

[0027] Figure 1The system structure diagram of the present invention is as follows: an adaptive ambient color temperature adjustment device for vehicle-mounted HUD display elements includes a power management module 1, an auxiliary adjustment module 2, a core control module 3, an ambient light acquisition module 4, and a head-up display module 5; the power management module 1 is connected to the auxiliary adjustment module 2, the core control module 3, the ambient light acquisition module 4, and the head-up display module 5 respectively; the auxiliary adjustment module 2 and the ambient light acquisition module 4 are connected to the core control module 3 respectively; the core control module 3 is connected to the head-up display module 5.

[0028] Power management module 1 supplies power to auxiliary adjustment module 2, core control module 3, ambient light acquisition module 4, and head-up display module 5 respectively; auxiliary adjustment module 2 transmits the driver's subjective commands to core control module 3; ambient light acquisition module 4 collects ambient light color temperature and light intensity data and transmits them to core control module 3; core control module 3 combines the commands and data from auxiliary adjustment module 2 and ambient light acquisition module 4 to send color temperature and brightness adjustment commands to head-up display module 5; head-up display module 5 receives the commands from core control module 3 and adjusts the color temperature and brightness of the display.

[0029] The power management module 1 includes power input and protection components, voltage conversion and regulation components, output drive and control components, signal acquisition and communication components, and auxiliary and energy storage components; the auxiliary adjustment module 2 includes a touch display module, a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a human-machine interaction logic unit; the core control module 3 includes a microcontroller (MCU); the ambient light acquisition module 4 includes a high-precision red, green, and blue (RGB) color temperature sensor; the head-up display module 5 includes a head-up display (HUD); the head-up display (HUD) includes red, green, and blue (RGB) three-color light sources and a pulse width modulation (PWM) constant current drive chip.

[0030] The power input and protection components in power management module 1 include input connectors or terminals, transient voltage suppressors (TVS) or varistors, series diodes, and resettable fuses (PTC); the voltage conversion and regulation components include DC-DC converters, low-dropout linear regulators (LDOs), and reference voltage sources; the output drive and control components include power switching components (MOSFETs and relays), current sensing components (shunt resistors, current sensing amplifiers, and Hall current sensors); the signal acquisition and communication components include voltage detection circuits, thermistors (NTCs), and CAN or LIN transceivers; and the auxiliary and energy storage components include inductors, capacitors, and electromagnetic interference filters.

[0031] In the auxiliary adjustment module 2, the touch display module serves as the interaction carrier and can use a TFT-LCD / OLED display or a capacitive touch screen controller. The touch display module is usually driven by an independent cockpit domain controller and runs an Android or Linux system. This part requires the help of a graphics processing unit (GPU). The human-machine interaction logic unit is physically integrated into the cockpit domain controller, but in the system architecture, it is responsible for reading the preset mode or manual slider value selected by the driver and sending the preference value to the core control module 3 via the vehicle Ethernet or CAN signal.

[0032] The microcontroller MCU in core control module 3 uses an automotive-grade 32-bit microcontroller MCU, such as the NXP S32K series, Renesas RH850 series, or Infineon AURIX series, which is responsible for running the color temperature matching algorithm and managing CAN / LIN bus communication.

[0033] The high-precision RGB color temperature sensor in the ambient light acquisition module 4 typically uses a digital ambient light sensor with a filter, such as the AMS TCS3430, Rohm BH1749, or Vishay VEML6035. These sensors integrate a photodiode array, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and an infrared suppression circuit, directly outputting illuminance and color temperature values ​​without requiring complex analog front-end design.

[0034] The head-up display (HUD) in module 5 includes RGB (red, green, blue) tri-color light sources and a pulse-width modulation (PWM) constant-current driver chip. The RGB tri-color light sources are the actuators for continuously adjustable color temperature, typically using high-power surface-mount RGB LEDs, such as the Lumileds LUXEON series or OSRAM OSTAR series, requiring high color rendering index and stable wavelength consistency. Because RGB LEDs require precise control of the three-color mixing ratio, the driver chip must support multi-channel independent PWM constant-current control. Therefore, a pulse-width modulation (PWM) constant-current driver chip is used; common devices include the TI TLC5947, Infineon LITIX series, or MPS MP3388, to ensure that the color temperature does not shift when the LED brightness changes.

[0035] The ambient light acquisition module 4 will continuously collect ambient color temperature and light intensity in real time when the vehicle is working, and transmit the collected data to the core control module 3 at high frequency.

[0036] In a head-up display (HUD) color temperature adaptive system, ambient light can change very rapidly. For example, the brightness can change drastically thousands of times when a vehicle enters or exits a tunnel, or when the vehicle passes through the shadows of trees or overpasses, the light alternates between bright and dark. In such cases, high-frequency transmission of ambient color temperature and light intensity data is essential. If the data acquisition and output frequency is too low, the HUD's color temperature adjustment will lag, causing the driver to perceive inconsistent brightness or color changes, or even glare or difficulty seeing clearly, affecting driving safety and experience. High-frequency output typically uses sampling frequencies from tens to hundreds of hertz, such as 50Hz-200Hz, while the output frequency is synchronized with the sampling frequency or, after filtering, sent to the core control module 3 at the same sampling frequency.

[0037] The core control module 3 will dynamically generate target display color temperature and brightness commands based on the basic color temperature matching strategy, light intensity compensation strategy, and driver preferences, and transmit them to the head-up display module 5.

[0038] The auxiliary adjustment module 2 supports custom color temperature and brightness offset and preset modes.

[0039] The preset modes provide drivers with a set of fixed style options, such as standard, cool light, and warm light. Each mode corresponds to a set of pre-calibrated overall color temperature and brightness offsets, which can be quickly switched with one click. The custom color temperature and brightness offsets, on the other hand, can be continuously fine-tuned by sliding the slider on the central control screen to meet more refined personal preferences.

[0040] The basic color temperature matching strategy divides the color temperature range collected by the ambient light acquisition module 4 into low color temperature range, medium color temperature range, and high color temperature range.

[0041] The low color temperature range is 2000K–4000K, the medium color temperature range is 4000K–7000K, and the high color temperature range is 7000K–10000K. K represents Kelvin, the unit of color temperature. The lower the color temperature value, the warmer the tone; the higher the value, the cooler the tone.

[0042] The head-up display module 5 displays a warm color tone when the color temperature range collected by the ambient light acquisition module 4 is in the low color temperature range; the head-up display module 5 displays a neutral color tone when the color temperature range collected by the ambient light acquisition module 4 is in the medium color temperature range; and the head-up display module 5 displays a cool color tone when the color temperature range collected by the ambient light acquisition module 4 is in the high color temperature range.

[0043] Warm colors range from 2700K to 4500K, neutral colors from 4500K to 6500K, and cool colors from 6500K to 8500K.

[0044] When the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light acquisition module 4 is less than the first light intensity threshold, the head-up display module 5 displays a value indicating that the color temperature is shifted towards the warmer color temperature range. When the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light acquisition module 4 is greater than the second light intensity threshold, the head-up display module 5 displays a value indicating that the color temperature is shifted towards the cooler color temperature range.

[0045] The first luminous intensity threshold is 10 lux, and the second luminous intensity threshold is 10,000 lux. The first color temperature range is 500K–1000K, and the second color temperature range is 300K–800K. Lux is a unit of illuminance, representing the luminous flux received per unit area. Simply put, it measures how bright the environment is.

[0046] This device reuses existing RGB LED backlighting and a universal color temperature sensor, without requiring significant modifications to the head-up display (HUD) structure.

[0047] Figure 2 The present invention provides a method for an adaptive ambient color temperature adjustment device for vehicle-mounted HUD display elements, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1: The vehicle starts, the head-up display module 5 starts with the default base color temperature, and the other modules initialize;

[0049] S2: Ambient light acquisition module 4 collects ambient color temperature and light intensity and transmits them to the core control module 3 in real time;

[0050] S3: The core control module 3 determines the basic display color temperature based on the ambient color temperature range and generates a target color temperature instruction, which is then transmitted to the head-up display module 5.

[0051] S4: The core control module 3 sends an adjustment command to the head-up display module 5, and the head-up display module 5 adjusts the color temperature and light intensity;

[0052] S5: When the ambient light change exceeds the threshold, return to S2 for loop operation; when the ambient light does not exceed the threshold, return to S4 for loop operation.

[0053] The role and effect of the embodiments

[0054] By monitoring the ambient light color temperature in real time and dynamically adjusting the HUD display color temperature, the spectral characteristics of the displayed image are kept consistent with the background environment, eliminating color temperature differences within the driver's field of vision. This fundamentally reduces visual fatigue, glare, and dullness caused by color temperature mismatch. Under various typical lighting conditions, such as cool light on sunny days, warm light in the evening, and streetlights at night, the display color temperature always remains coordinated with the ambient light color temperature, ensuring optimal contrast and readability of the displayed content. This avoids blurry or glaring information due to color temperature deviation, thereby improving the driver's information reading speed and accuracy. A rapid color temperature detection and adjustment mechanism suitable for in-vehicle environments is employed, with a response speed matching sudden changes in ambient light during driving, such as entering or exiting tunnels, driving into tree-lined roads, or other situations. The system ensures seamless and uninterrupted information presentation during color temperature adjustment across different light source coverage areas. A smooth transition strategy is employed to prevent abrupt changes or instantaneous color anomalies in the display, ensuring that the adjustment is invisible or minimally perceptible to the driver and does not interfere with normal driving attention. Building upon adaptive adjustment, the system allows drivers to set personalized color temperature offsets, incorporating personal preferences on top of ambient light color temperature compensation to meet the subjective color tone preferences of different users. By combining ambient light intensity detection with color temperature adjustment, the system prioritizes display clarity in high-brightness environments and display comfort in low-brightness environments, achieving multi-dimensional collaborative optimization and avoiding display imbalances caused by adjusting a single parameter.

[0055] The present invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvements made using the inventive concept and technical solution; or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for adjusting the ambient color temperature of a vehicle-mounted HUD display element adaptively, characterized in that: It includes a power management module (1), an auxiliary adjustment module (2), a core control module (3), an ambient light acquisition module (4), and a head-up display module (5); the power management module (1) is connected to the auxiliary adjustment module (2), the core control module (3), the ambient light acquisition module (4), and the head-up display module (5) respectively; the auxiliary adjustment module (2) and the ambient light acquisition module (4) are connected to the core control module (3) respectively; the core control module (3) is connected to the head-up display module (5).

2. The vehicle-mounted HUD display element adaptive ambient color temperature adjustment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module (1) supplies power to the auxiliary adjustment module (2), the core control module (3), the ambient light acquisition module (4), and the head-up display module (5). The auxiliary adjustment module (2) transmits the driver's subjective commands to the core control module (3). The ambient light acquisition module (4) collects ambient light color temperature and light intensity data and transmits them to the core control module (3). The core control module (3) combines the commands and data from the auxiliary adjustment module (2) and the ambient light acquisition module (4) to send a color temperature and brightness adjustment command to the head-up display module (5). The head-up display module (5) receives the command from the core control module (3) and adjusts the color temperature and brightness of the display.

3. The vehicle-mounted HUD display element adaptive ambient color temperature adjustment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module (1) includes power input and protection components, voltage conversion and regulation components, output drive and control components, signal acquisition and communication components, and auxiliary and energy storage components; the auxiliary adjustment module (2) includes a touch display module, a graphics processor (GPU), and a human-computer interaction logic unit; the core control module (3) includes a microcontroller (MCU); the ambient light acquisition module (4) includes a high-precision red, green, and blue (RGB) color temperature sensor; the head-up display module (5) includes a head-up display (HUD); the head-up display (HUD) includes a red, green, and blue (RGB) three-color light source and a pulse width modulation (PWM) constant current drive chip.

4. The device for adjusting the color temperature of the HUD display element according to claim 1, wherein: The ambient light acquisition module (4) will continuously collect ambient color temperature and light intensity in real time when the vehicle is working, and transmit the collected data to the core control module (3) at high frequency.

5. The device for adjusting the color temperature of a HUD display element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core control module (3) will dynamically generate target display color temperature and brightness instructions based on the basic color temperature matching strategy, light intensity compensation strategy and driver preferences, and transmit them to the head-up display module (5).

6. The device for adjusting the color temperature of a HUD display element according to claim 1, wherein: The auxiliary adjustment module (2) supports custom color temperature and brightness offset and preset modes.

7. The device for adjusting the color temperature of a HUD display element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ambient light acquisition module (4) acquires color temperature ranges in three categories: low color temperature range, medium color temperature range, and high color temperature range.

8. The vehicle-mounted HUD display element adaptive ambient color temperature adjustment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The head-up display module (5) displays a warm color tone when the color temperature range collected by the ambient light acquisition module (4) is in the low color temperature range; the head-up display module (5) displays a neutral color tone when the color temperature range collected by the ambient light acquisition module (4) is in the medium color temperature range; and the head-up display module (5) displays a cool color tone when the color temperature range collected by the ambient light acquisition module (4) is in the high color temperature range.

9. The vehicle-mounted HUD display element adaptive ambient color temperature adjustment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light acquisition module (4) is less than the first light intensity threshold, the head-up display module (5) displays the color temperature shifted to the warmer color temperature range; when the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light acquisition module (4) is greater than the second light intensity threshold, the head-up display module (5) displays the color temperature shifted to the cooler color temperature range.

10. A method for adapting the color temperature of a vehicle-mounted HUD display element to the ambient light, based on the device of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1: The vehicle starts, the head-up display module (5) starts with the default reference color temperature, and the other modules are initialized; S2: Ambient light acquisition module (4) acquires ambient color temperature and light intensity and transmits them to the core control module (3) in real time; S3: The core control module (3) determines the basic display color temperature based on the ambient color temperature range and generates a target color temperature instruction which is then transmitted to the head-up display module (5). S4: The core control module (3) sends an adjustment command to the head-up display module (5), and the head-up display module (5) adjusts the color temperature and light intensity; S5: When the ambient light change exceeds the threshold, return to S2 for loop operation; when the ambient light does not exceed the threshold, return to S4 for loop operation.

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