Line ac disc type suspension porcelain insulator

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of electrical component application technology in power systems, specifically to a line AC disc-type suspension porcelain insulator, comprising a steel cap, porcelain umbrella, and steel feet. This insulator achieves post-installed adhesive injection assembly by setting a connecting vertical and annular groove structure on the inner wall of the steel cap cavity, and cooperating with the glue injection port on the outer wall of the top of the steel cap. This changes the traditional assembly method of pre-filled adhesive insulators. Traditional pre-filled adhesives are prone to problems such as excessive filler overflow, insufficient filler leading to poor adhesion, and uneven adhesive layer distribution. In this structure, the adhesive can be precisely injected through the glue injection port, evenly distributed along the vertical groove to fill all the annular grooves and the gaps on the outer wall of the porcelain head. The adhesive only fills the grooves and fitting gaps, eliminating the need for excessive filler, significantly saving adhesive consumption and reducing production costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical component application technology in power systems, specifically to a disc-type suspension porcelain insulator for AC power lines. Background Technology

[0002] The AC disc suspension porcelain insulator is a core insulation load-bearing component in high-voltage transmission lines. It is widely used in outdoor overhead transmission scenarios and is subjected to mechanical tension, wind and rain erosion, salt spray corrosion, and alternating wet and dry environments for extended periods.

[0003] Traditional disc-type suspension porcelain insulators have many substantial defects in actual production and operation. Traditional insulators generally adopt an assembly process in which adhesive is pre-filled into the inner cavity of the steel cap. The adhesive is filled into the inner cavity of the steel cap manually or by equipment before the porcelain head is installed. The assembly process is prone to uneven control of the amount of adhesive. Too much adhesive will cause a lot of overflow and waste of materials, while too little adhesive will result in incomplete filling of the adhesive layer and excessive bonding gaps. The adhesive bonding structure between the steel foot and the porcelain cylinder of the traditional insulator is simple. The steel foot is mostly a smooth straight rod structure, which has a limited contact bonding area with the inner wall of the porcelain cylinder. The adhesive bonding and anchoring effect is poor. When the insulator is subjected to mechanical tensile and shear loads for a long time, the adhesive layer is prone to cracking and debonding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in the prior art, this invention provides a disc-type suspension porcelain insulator for AC lines.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a line AC disc type suspension porcelain insulator, including a steel cap, a porcelain umbrella, and a steel foot. The steel cap has an inner cavity, and the top of the porcelain umbrella is formed with a porcelain head that can be embedded in the inner cavity. The inner wall of the inner cavity of the steel cap is provided with a channel structure for filling adhesive. The channel structure includes multiple vertical grooves and several annular grooves. A single vertical groove extends vertically along the inner cavity and communicates with all the annular grooves. The outer wall of the steel cap near the top has several glue injection ports, which correspond one-to-one with several vertical grooves inside the inner cavity. After the adhesive is injected from the glue injection ports, it can be evenly distributed along the vertical grooves to the interior of each annular groove and fill the entire channel. The adhesive fills the gap between the vertical grooves, annular grooves, and the inner wall of the channel and the outer wall of the porcelain head, thereby achieving adhesive fixation between the steel cap and the porcelain head. By setting interconnected vertical and annular grooves on the inner wall of the steel cap cavity to form an integrated channel, and matching one-to-one connected glue injection ports, the traditional pre-filled adhesive assembly mode is replaced.

[0006] Preferably, the steel foot includes a shaft, one end of which is integrally formed with several expanding discs. A hollow cylindrical ceramic tube extends downwards from the bottom of the ceramic umbrella. The end of the steel foot with the expanding discs extends into the ceramic tube. The expanding discs and the inner wall of the ceramic tube are bonded together using adhesive to achieve a fixed connection between the steel foot and the ceramic umbrella. The multi-stage expanding discs create a staggered, three-dimensional structure at the insertion end of the steel foot, overcoming the drawback of the small contact area of ​​traditional smooth straight rods. This effectively increases the contact and anchoring area between the steel foot and the adhesive. Simultaneously, the expanding discs can be embedded within the adhesive, forming a multi-layered mechanical interlocking structure.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the steel cap is provided with a cap opening, and the other end of the rod away from the expansion plate is provided with a ball head. The outer dimensions of the ball head are adapted to the cap opening of the steel cap, and the ball head of a single insulator can be inserted into the cap opening of another insulator to achieve series assembly. The cap opening at the top of the steel cap and the ball head at the end of the steel foot form a matching insertion structure, which constitutes the basic structure for series assembly of insulators.

[0008] Preferably, a through pin hole is provided on the side wall of the steel cap corresponding to the cap opening position. A clamping pin is detachably inserted into the pin hole. After the clamping pin passes through the pin hole, it limits the position of the ball head inside the cap opening, thereby achieving the connection and locking fixation between two adjacent insulators. After the insulators are assembled in series, the clamping pin passes through the pin hole and engages with the limiting ball head, which can effectively limit the movement and detachment of the ball head inside the cap opening.

[0009] Preferably, the outer contour surface of each expanding disc has a smooth transition without sharp edges, and the inner wall of the ceramic cylinder is provided with several annular grooves. The concave-convex structure of the expanding disc, together with the annular grooves on the inner wall of the ceramic cylinder, increases the contact area between the adhesive and the steel feet and ceramic umbrella. The multiple annular grooves on the inner wall of the ceramic cylinder form a two-way interlocking structure with the concave-convex structure of the expanding disc, further significantly increasing the effective bonding contact area between the adhesive and the steel feet and ceramic umbrella, allowing the adhesive to fully fill the gaps in the double-layer concave-convex structure, resulting in higher bonding density.

[0010] Preferably, an anode ring is fixedly fitted at the middle of the rod, with the anode ring located entirely on the outside of the ceramic tube. As a sacrificial anode protection structure, the anode ring provides targeted electrochemical corrosion protection for exposed steel feet and metal parts at the glued ends.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the anode ring on the side near the expansion plate is greater than the thickness on the side near the ball head, and the outer edge cross-section of the anode ring has a smooth transition structure with a large circular arc. The thickened side near the expansion plate faces the core area of ​​crevice corrosion in the ceramic cylinder, which can effectively improve the overall sacrificial anode capacity of the anode ring, extend the electrochemical protection cycle, and continuously and stably preferentially replace the oxidation corrosion of the steel foot and the metal substrate of the expansion plate, accurately resisting the high-intensity crevice corrosion at the glue joint. The thinned side near the ball head can form a smooth guiding slope, which, combined with the large circular arc shape without dead angles, can guide surface rainwater to flow down quickly.

[0012] Preferably, the ball head is fitted with a plastic bushing, which can effectively isolate the ball head from the direct hard friction between the ball head and the steel cap, reduce the wear of metal parts during the assembly and operation vibration of the insulator, and protect the integrity of the ball head's metal structure. The bottom of the plastic bushing has an avoidance notch. When the plastic bushing is installed into the cap opening with the ball head, the avoidance notch ensures that the metal body of the ball head can effectively contact the inner wall of the steel cap for conductivity, and the overall conductivity of the insulator will not be affected by the bushing.

[0013] Preferably, the glue injection port on the outer wall of the steel cap is equipped with a sealing plug. After the adhesive is injected and filled, the sealing plug is installed in the glue injection port. This sealing structure can effectively prevent outdoor rainwater, dust, salt spray and corrosive media from entering the inner cavity of the glue gap.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the ceramic umbrella has multiple rings of lower ridges, with the height of the rings increasing sequentially from the inside to the outside. The multi-level lower ridges adopt a staggered structure that gradually increases from the inside to the outside, which can effectively extend the creepage distance on the surface of the ceramic umbrella and improve the overall insulation and anti-flashover performance of the insulator. Several partitions are set between two adjacent rings of lower ridges, which can further effectively prevent rainwater and dirt from forming a continuous water film and dirt layer on the lower surface of the umbrella skirt. The overall height of the partitions is lower than that of the lower ridges on both sides, and the surface of the partitions has a smooth raised transition structure, which does not easily accumulate stubborn dirt and facilitates rainwater self-cleaning. This can continuously maintain the insulation performance of the ceramic umbrella surface. At the same time, in the demolding process of the ceramic umbrella firing and molding, it can effectively reduce the demolding resistance, facilitate quick and smooth demolding, and prevent molding defects such as blank sticking to the mold, breakage, and material shortage.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] (1) In this invention, the insulator is assembled by setting a vertical groove and annular groove channel structure in the inner wall of the steel cap cavity, and by using the glue injection port on the outer wall of the top of the steel cap to achieve post-glue injection assembly, which changes the traditional assembly method of pre-filled adhesive for insulators. Traditional pre-filled adhesive is prone to problems such as excessive filler overflow, insufficient filler and poor bonding, and uneven distribution of adhesive layer. In this structure, the adhesive can be accurately injected through the glue injection port, and evenly distributed along the vertical groove to fill all the annular groove and the gap of the outer wall of the porcelain head. The adhesive only fills the channels and the mating gaps, without the need for excessive filler, which greatly saves adhesive consumption and reduces production costs. At the same time, the post-glue injection assembly process is simple and uniform, without the need for manual precise control of the pre-filled glue amount. Novices can quickly get started and it is compatible with automated glue injection equipment, effectively avoiding individual errors in manual assembly, so that the adhesive bonding layer between the steel cap and the porcelain head is uniform in thickness and fully filled, which greatly improves the overall assembly quality and production stability of the insulator.

[0017] (2) In this invention, the insulator has several expansion discs at one end of the steel foot rod and multiple annular grooves on the inner wall of the ceramic tube of the ceramic umbrella. The combination of these two features significantly optimizes the adhesive bonding effect between the steel foot and the ceramic umbrella. Traditional insulators have a simple steel foot structure and a small contact area, which can easily lead to cracking and loosening of the adhesive layer under long-term stress. In this structure, the multi-stage expansion discs at the end of the rod form a staggered structure, which, combined with the annular grooves on the inner wall of the ceramic tube, greatly increases the effective contact and bonding area between the adhesive and the steel foot and ceramic umbrella, allowing the adhesive to be fully embedded between the double-layered staggered structure. This structure can significantly improve the axial tensile and shear resistance of the steel foot and the ceramic tube, eliminate the problem of steel foot loosening and falling off during long-term operation, and ensure the overall mechanical load-bearing stability of the insulator.

[0018] (3) In this invention, the insulator has an anode ring fixedly sleeved in the middle of the steel foot pole. The anode ring is arranged on the outside of the porcelain cylinder. It adopts an asymmetrical structure with thickening on the side near the expansion plate and thinning on the side near the ball head, and is matched with a smooth transition structure of large arc on the outer edge, which is suitable for the alternating dry and wet operation conditions of the line outdoors. Outdoor insulators are exposed to rain, snow and salt spray environment for a long time. The glue gap between the steel foot and the porcelain cylinder is prone to accumulate water vapor and dirt, forming a crevice corrosion environment. This structure effectively improves the effective capacity of the sacrificial anode of the anode ring by thickening the side near the porcelain cylinder. It can stably play an electrochemical protection role in the high incidence of glue crevice corrosion, and give priority to protecting the metal matrix of the steel foot and the expansion plate. The structure with thinning on the side near the ball head can form a smooth flow-guiding shape, which facilitates the smooth flow of rainwater on the surface and reduces the phenomenon of water stagnation and salt accumulation in the anode ring area. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steel cap structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the steel cap of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a front view of the ceramic umbrella of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the ceramic umbrella of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the steel foot structure of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Steel cap; 101. Inner cavity; 102. Cap opening; 103. Pin hole; 104. Vertical groove; 105. Ring groove; 106. Injection port; 2. Ceramic umbrella; 201. Ceramic head; 202. Ceramic cylinder; 203. Lower edge; 204. Partition; 3. Steel foot; 301. Rod body; 302. Expanding plate; 303. Ball head; 304. Plastic bushing; 305. Anode ring; 4. Pressing pin; 5. Sealing plug. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention discloses a disc-type suspension porcelain insulator for AC lines, comprising a steel cap 1, a porcelain umbrella 2, and a steel foot 3. The steel cap 1 has an inner cavity 101. The top of the porcelain umbrella 2 is formed with a porcelain head 201 that can be embedded inside the inner cavity 101. The inner wall of the inner cavity 101 of the steel cap 1 is provided with a channel structure for filling adhesive. The channel structure includes multiple vertical grooves 104 and several annular grooves 105. A single vertical groove 104 extends vertically along the inner cavity 101 and interacts with all the annular grooves 105. The steel cap 1 has several glue injection ports 106 on its outer wall near the top. These ports 106 are connected to several vertical grooves 104 inside the inner cavity 101. After the adhesive is injected through the injection ports 106, it can be evenly distributed along the vertical grooves 104 to the interior of each annular groove 105 and fill the entire channel. The adhesive fills the gaps between the vertical grooves 104, the annular grooves 105, the inner walls of the channel, and the outer wall of the ceramic head 201, thus achieving adhesive fixation between the steel cap 1 and the ceramic head 201. By setting interconnected vertical grooves 104 and annular grooves 105 on the inner wall of the inner cavity 101 of the steel cap 1 to form an integrated channel, and matching the corresponding glue injection ports 106, the traditional pre-filled adhesive assembly mode is replaced. During assembly, the inner cavity 101 of the steel cap 1 can be directly fitted onto the outer side of the porcelain head 201 of the porcelain umbrella 2. After structural alignment, adhesive is injected through the injection port 106. The adhesive can be quickly distributed and evenly filled into all the annular grooves 105 and the mating gaps of the outer wall of the porcelain head 201 by relying on the vertical guiding effect of the vertical groove 104. This structural fitting method solves the problems of overflow, insufficient adhesive, and uneven adhesive layer distribution in the traditional pre-injection process. The groove structure can precisely define the adhesive filling area, ensuring full bonding without overfilling, effectively saving adhesive consumables and reducing production costs. At the same time, the post-injection assembly process is standardized and simple to operate. It does not require operators to accurately control the amount of pre-filled adhesive, has a low learning curve, and is suitable for batch operation of automated equipment. It can effectively eliminate individual errors in manual assembly, making the adhesive bonding layer between the steel cap 1 and the porcelain head 201 uniform in thickness and dense in bonding, greatly improving the consistency of insulator assembly quality and production stability.

[0029] In one optional embodiment of this invention, the steel foot 3 includes a shaft 301. One end of the shaft 301 is integrally formed with several expanding discs 302. The bottom of the ceramic umbrella 2 extends downwards to form a hollow cylindrical ceramic tube 202. The end of the steel foot 3 with the expanding discs 302 extends into the ceramic tube 202. The expanding discs 302 and the inner wall of the ceramic tube 202 are bonded together with adhesive to achieve a fixed connection between the steel foot 3 and the ceramic umbrella 2. The multi-stage expanding discs 302 create a staggered, three-dimensional structure at the insertion end of the steel foot 3, overcoming the disadvantage of the small contact area of ​​traditional smooth straight rods. This effectively increases the contact and anchoring area between the steel foot 3 and the adhesive. Simultaneously, the expanding discs 302 can be embedded within the adhesive, forming a multi-layered mechanical interlocking structure. This structural fit can significantly improve the bonding tightness between the steel foot 3 and the porcelain cylinder 202, effectively disperse the axial tensile and shear forces borne by the insulator during operation, avoid stress concentration leading to cracking and debonding of the adhesive layer, prevent the steel foot 3 from loosening or falling off during long-term operation, greatly improve the overall mechanical load-bearing capacity and structural stability of the insulator, and adapt to the long-term stress operation conditions of the line.

[0030] In one optional embodiment of this invention, the top of the steel cap 1 is provided with a cap opening 102, and the other end of the rod body 301 away from the expansion plate 302 is provided with a ball head 303. The outer dimensions of the ball head 303 are adapted to the cap opening 102 of the steel cap 1. The ball head 303 of a single insulator can be inserted into the cap opening 102 of another insulator to achieve series assembly. The cap opening 102 at the top of the steel cap 1 and the ball head 303 at the end of the steel foot 3 form a matching plug-in structure, constituting the basic structure for insulator series assembly. This mating structure is suitable for the conventional assembly requirements of high-voltage transmission line insulator strings. It is simple in structure and convenient to assemble and disassemble. It can ensure that the overall structure is neat and the stress is uniform after multiple insulators are connected in series, providing a stable assembly foundation for subsequent locking and fixing, and ensuring the overall connection neatness and assembly convenience of the insulator string.

[0031] In one optional embodiment of this invention, a through pin hole 103 is provided on the side wall of the steel cap 1 corresponding to the cap opening 102. A clamping pin 4 is detachably inserted into the pin hole 103. After passing through the pin hole 103, the clamping pin 4 is positioned to limit the ball head 303 inside the cap opening 102, thereby achieving the connection and locking fixation between two adjacent insulators. After the insulator string assembly is completed, the clamping pin 4 passes through the pin hole 103 and engages with the limiting ball head 303, which can effectively limit the movement and detachment of the ball head 303 inside the cap opening 102, and avoid insulator string loosening or detachment caused by line vibration and wind disturbance.

[0032] In one optional embodiment of this invention, the outer contour surface of each expansion disc 302 has a smooth transition without sharp edges, which can eliminate structural stress concentration and prevent sharp edges from cutting or cracking the adhesive during stress and temperature changes, thus preventing local damage and cracking of the adhesive layer. The inner wall of the ceramic cylinder 202 is provided with several annular grooves. The concave-convex structure of the expansion disc 302, together with the annular grooves on the inner wall of the ceramic cylinder 202, increases the contact area between the adhesive and the steel foot 3 and the ceramic umbrella 2. The multiple annular grooves on the inner wall of the ceramic cylinder 202 form a two-way interlocking structure with the concave-convex structure of the expansion disc 302, further significantly increasing the effective bonding contact area between the adhesive and the steel foot 3 and the ceramic umbrella 2, allowing the adhesive to fully fill the gap between the two-layer concave-convex structure, resulting in higher bonding density. This composite structure can significantly improve the adhesive anchoring strength, enhance the tensile and detachment resistance of the steel foot 3, further avoid the risk of adhesive layer debonding and structural loosening, and improve the mechanical structure reliability and service life of the insulator.

[0033] In one optional embodiment of this invention, an anode ring 305 is fixedly sleeved at the middle of the rod body 301, with the anode ring 305 located entirely outside the ceramic cylinder 202. As a sacrificial anode protection structure, the anode ring 305 provides targeted electrochemical corrosion protection for the exposed steel foot 3 and the metal parts at the glued joint, effectively improving the corrosive environment at the glued joint gaps and mitigating structural corrosion problems caused by alternating wet and dry conditions.

[0034] In one optional embodiment of this invention, the thickness of the anode ring 305 on the side near the expansion plate 302 is greater than the thickness of the anode ring 305 on the side near the ball head 303, and the outer edge cross-section of the anode ring 305 has a large circular arc smooth transition structure. The thickened side near the expansion plate 302 is directly opposite the core area of ​​crevice corrosion in the ceramic cylinder 202, which can effectively improve the overall sacrificial anode capacity of the anode ring 305, extend the electrochemical protection cycle, and continuously and stably preferentially replace the oxidation corrosion of the steel foot 3 and the metal substrate of the expansion plate 302, accurately resisting the high-intensity crevice corrosion at the glued joint. The thinned side near the ball head 303 can form a smooth guiding slope, which, combined with the large circular arc shape without dead angles, can guide surface rainwater to flow down quickly.

[0035] In one optional embodiment of this invention, a plastic bushing 304 is fitted over the ball head 303. This effectively isolates the ball head 303 from direct hard friction with the steel cap 1, reducing wear on metal components during insulator assembly and operation vibrations, and protecting the integrity of the ball head 303's metal structure. The plastic bushing 304 has a clearance notch at its bottom. When the plastic bushing 304 is inserted into the cap opening 102 along with the ball head 303, the clearance notch ensures that the metal body of the ball head 303 can effectively contact and conduct electricity with the inner wall of the steel cap 1, preventing the bushing from obstructing the overall conductivity of the insulator. This structure balances metal wear resistance and electrical conductivity reliability, effectively improving the wear resistance and electrical operational stability of the insulator's series connection points, and extending the service life of the fittings.

[0036] In one optional embodiment of this invention, a sealing plug 5 is provided with the glue injection port 106 on the outer wall of the steel cap 1. After the adhesive is injected and filled, the sealing plug 5 is installed in the glue injection port 106. This sealing structure can effectively prevent outdoor rainwater, dust, salt spray and corrosive media from entering the adhesive gap of the inner cavity 101, avoiding the internal adhesive from getting damp, aging and powdering. At the same time, it can prevent the leakage of incompletely cured adhesive, ensuring the integrity and density of the adhesive structure.

[0037] In one optional embodiment of this example, the bottom of the ceramic umbrella 2 is formed with multiple rings of lower ridges 203. The height of the rings of lower ridges 203 increases sequentially from the inside to the outside. The multi-level lower ridges 203 adopt a staggered structure that increases gradually from the inside to the outside, which can effectively extend the creepage distance on the surface of the ceramic umbrella 2 and improve the overall insulation and anti-flashover performance of the insulator. Several partitions 204 are set between two adjacent rings of lower ridges 203, which can further effectively block rainwater and dirt from forming a continuous water film and dirt layer on the lower surface of the umbrella skirt, destroy the conductive path, and reduce the probability of flashover and flashover faults. The overall height of the partitions 204 is lower than that of the lower ridges 203 on both sides. The surface of the partitions 204 is a smooth raised transition structure, which does not easily accumulate stubborn dirt and is easy for rainwater to self-clean. It can continuously maintain the insulation performance of the surface of the ceramic umbrella 2. At the same time, in the demolding process of the ceramic umbrella 2 firing and molding, it can effectively reduce the demolding resistance, facilitate quick and smooth demolding, and prevent molding defects such as blank sticking to the mold, breakage, and material shortage. It does not require complex mold structure and special molding process, and will not significantly increase the processing and manufacturing difficulty of the product.

[0038] In use, firstly, the individual insulator is glued and molded. One end of the steel foot 3 rod body 301 with the expansion disc 302 is inserted into the porcelain cylinder 202 of the porcelain umbrella 2. The steel foot 3 and the porcelain umbrella 2 are fixed by filling and bonding with adhesive. At the same time, the inner cavity 101 of the steel cap 1 is directly fitted onto the outside of the porcelain head 201 at the top of the porcelain umbrella 2. After alignment, adhesive is injected into the channel structure formed by the vertical groove 104 and the ring groove 105 of the inner cavity 101 through the glue injection port 106 on the outer wall of the steel cap 1, so that the adhesive evenly fills the channel and the gap of the outer wall of the porcelain head 201. After the adhesive cures, the glue injection port 106 is sealed by the sealing plug 5 to complete the overall curing and molding of the single insulator. At this time, the anode ring 305 in the middle of the rod body 301 is stably placed on the outside of the porcelain cylinder 202, and the ball head 303 is fitted with a plastic bushing 304 with a clearance notch. Next, the assembly of a single string of insulators is completed. The ball head 303 at the end of the steel foot 3 of one insulator is aligned and inserted into the cap opening 102 at the top of the steel cap 1 of another insulator. The ball head 303 and the cap opening 102 are matched to achieve initial insertion and positioning. Finally, the insulators are locked and fixed. A clamping pin 4 is inserted into the pin hole 103 on the side wall of the steel cap 1 corresponding to the cap opening 102. The clamping pin 4 passes through the pin hole 103 and limits and locks the ball head 303 inside the cap opening 102, restricting the ball head 303 from moving or falling off. This achieves a stable lock between adjacent insulators, and the assembly of the entire string of insulators is completed. The insulators are then ready for installation and use in transmission lines.

[0039] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A line AC cap and pin type suspension porcelain insulator comprising a steel cap (1), a porcelain umbrella (2) and a steel pin (3), characterized in that: The steel cap (1) has an inner cavity (101), and the top of the ceramic umbrella (2) is formed with a ceramic head (201) that can be embedded in the inner cavity (101). The inner wall of the inner cavity (101) of the steel cap (1) is provided with a channel structure for filling adhesive. The channel structure includes multiple vertical grooves (104) and several annular grooves (105). A single vertical groove (104) extends vertically along the inner cavity (101) and communicates with all the annular grooves (105). The outer surface of the steel cap (1) near the top... The wall is provided with several glue injection ports (106), and the several glue injection ports (106) are respectively connected to several vertical grooves (104) inside the inner cavity (101). After the adhesive is injected from the glue injection port (106), it can be evenly distributed along the vertical groove (104) to the interior of each ring groove (105) and fill the entire channel. The adhesive fills the gap between the vertical groove (104), the ring groove (105) and the inner wall of the channel and the outer wall of the ceramic head (201), so as to achieve the glue fixation of the steel cap (1) and the ceramic head (201).

2. A line AC cap and pin type suspension porcelain insulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The steel foot (3) includes a pole body (301). One end of the pole body (301) is integrally formed with several expansion plates (302). The bottom of the ceramic umbrella (2) extends downward to form a hollow cylindrical ceramic tube (202). The end of the steel foot (3) with the expansion plate (302) extends into the interior of the ceramic tube (202). The expansion plate (302) and the inner wall of the ceramic tube (202) are bonded together by adhesive to achieve a fixed connection between the steel foot (3) and the ceramic umbrella (2).

3. A line AC cap and pin type suspension porcelain insulator as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The top of the steel cap (1) is provided with a cap opening (102), and the other end of the rod body (301) away from the expansion plate (302) is provided with a ball head (303). The outer dimensions of the ball head (303) are adapted to the cap opening (102) of the steel cap (1). The ball head (303) of a single insulator can be inserted into the cap opening (102) of another insulator to achieve series assembly.

4. A line AC cap and pin type suspension porcelain insulator as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The steel cap (1) has a through pin hole (103) on its side wall corresponding to the cap opening (102). A clamping pin (4) is detachably inserted in the pin hole (103). The clamping pin (4) passes through the pin hole (103) and is positioned at the ball head (303) inside the cap opening (102), thereby achieving the connection, locking and fixing between two adjacent insulators.

5. A disc-type suspension porcelain insulator for AC lines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer contour surface of each expansion disc (302) is smooth and without sharp edges. The inner wall of the ceramic cylinder (202) is provided with several ring grooves. The concave and convex structure of the expansion disc (302) and the ring grooves on the inner wall of the ceramic cylinder (202) together increase the contact area between the adhesive and the steel foot (3) and the ceramic umbrella (2).

6. A disc-type suspension porcelain insulator for AC lines according to claim 2, characterized in that: An anode ring (305) is fixedly sleeved at the middle of the rod body (301), and the anode ring (305) is located on the outside of the ceramic tube (202).

7. A disc-type suspension porcelain insulator for AC lines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the anode ring (305) on the side near the expansion plate (302) is greater than the thickness of the anode ring (305) on the side near the ball head (303). The outer edge cross section of the anode ring (305) is a large circular arc with a smooth transition structure.

8. A disc-type suspension porcelain insulator for AC lines according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The ball head (303) is fitted with a plastic bushing (304). The bottom of the plastic bushing (304) has a clearance notch. When the plastic bushing (304) is inserted into the cap opening (102) along with the ball head (303), the clearance notch ensures that the metal body of the ball head (303) can effectively contact the inner wall of the steel cap (1) to conduct electricity.

9. A disc-type suspension porcelain insulator for AC lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glue injection port (106) on the outer wall of the steel cap (1) is equipped with a sealing plug (5). After the adhesive is injected and filled, the sealing plug (5) is sealed and embedded in the glue injection port (106).

10. A disc-type suspension porcelain insulator for AC lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the porcelain umbrella (2) is formed with multiple rings of lower ridges (203). The height of the rings of lower ridges (203) increases from the inside to the outside. Several partitions (204) are set between two adjacent rings of lower ridges (203). The overall height of the partitions (204) is lower than that of the lower ridges (203) on both sides. The surface of the partitions (204) is a smooth raised transition structure.

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