An insulator expansion sleeve adapted for high and low voltage lines and its installation method

Abstract

This invention discloses an insulator telescopic insulating sleeve adapted to high and low voltage lines and its installation method, relating to the field of insulating sleeves. It includes: a fixed-position insulating sleeve, which is a cylindrical corrugated outer sleeve with multiple corrugated sections forming annular corrugated grooves. The fixed-position insulating sleeve is axially telescopic and has multiple vent holes. This invention reduces the residual air bubble rate, minimizes sleeve cracking and detachment, and improves the sleeve's service life through vent hole design and a zoned venting hot-melt coating process. It achieves comprehensive self-adaptation. The combination of a split shell structure and venting hot-melt coating enables detachable and reusable installation. The venting hot-melt coating method solves the long-standing industry problem of residual air bubbles in insulator sleeve installation, achieving a comprehensive breakthrough in insulation reliability, installation efficiency, service life, and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insulating bushing technology, specifically to an insulator telescopic insulating bushing adapted for high and low voltage lines and its installation method. Background Technology

[0002] The existing insulator and cable insulation protection technologies mainly have the following defects: 1. The sheath and the insulator are not tightly bonded. In the traditional baking and heat shrink wrapping method, the air between the sheath and the insulator skirt cannot be discharged during the heating and shrinking process, forming a residual air bubble area. These air bubbles expand when heated, causing the sheath to crack and fall off, resulting in a short service life.

[0003] 2. Poor adaptability: Most existing bushings are of fixed specifications and cannot adapt to insulators of different lengths or with different numbers of skirts, nor can they adapt to the varying spacing between conductors and insulators. On-site, it is often necessary to cut or replace bushings of different specifications, resulting in low installation efficiency.

[0004] 3. Low reusability: Traditional heat shrink sleeves are permanently fixed once installed and cannot be disassembled and reused, resulting in material waste and increased costs.

[0005] 4. The installation process is rough, lacks a systematic exhaust heat fusion method, relies on the operator's experience, has poor quality consistency, and is prone to problems such as local overheating or poor fusion.

[0006] To address these issues, we provide an insulator expansion sleeve adapted for high and low voltage lines and its installation method. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an insulator expansion sleeve adapted to high and low voltage lines and an installation method thereof, solving the problems of cracking and falling off caused by residual air bubbles during the traditional insulator sheath hot-melt installation, as well as poor adaptability and inability to be reused.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs an insulator telescopic insulating sleeve adapted for high and low voltage lines, comprising: A fixed-position insulating sleeve is a cylindrical corrugated outer sleeve with multiple corrugated segments. Annular corrugated grooves are formed within the corrugated segments. The fixed-position insulating sleeve is fitted over the outside of an insulator. The insulator has sheds. The fixed-position insulating sleeve is axially telescopic. Multiple vent holes are provided on the fixed-position insulating sleeve. The sheds are inserted into the corresponding corrugated grooves on the fixed-position insulating sleeve. Several corrugated segments between adjacent sheds are compressed and combined with the outside of the insulator to form a voltage reduction zone. The upper connecting pipe is integrally set on the upper end of the fixed position insulating sleeve. The upper part of the insulator has a cable fixing plate, and the upper connecting pipe is sleeved on the cable fixing plate. The telescopic insulating sleeve is installed on the upper connecting pipe or the fixed insulating sleeve. The telescopic insulating sleeve is a telescopic sleeve, including an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve.

[0009] As a further optimization of the above solution, the exhaust hole is a round hole, a rectangular hole, or a triangular hole; When the vent is a round hole, the diameter is 3-5mm; When the vent is a rectangular hole, the length and width of the hole are 3mm × 5mm; Each corrugated groove has 2-4 vent holes on its side. The multiple vent holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the fixed position insulating sleeve, 5-8mm away from the bottom of the corrugated groove.

[0010] As a further optimization of the above solution, the outer sleeve is telescopically fitted onto the outer ring of the inner sleeve. The inner and outer sleeves are respectively fixedly provided with an inner limiting ring and an outer limiting ring at their ends that are far apart from each other. Several protruding elastic ribs are fixedly provided on the outer ring of the inner sleeve. A limiting ring groove is provided on the inner wall of the end of the outer sleeve near the upper connecting pipe. The limiting ring groove is correspondingly provided with the protruding elastic ribs.

[0011] As a further optimization of the above scheme, the fixed position insulating sleeve, the upper connecting pipe and the telescopic position insulating sleeve are all symmetrically separated along the axis and are spliced ​​together by two symmetrical shell structures. The two symmetrical telescopic position insulating sleeve halves are connected by clips and slots, and the two symmetrical fixed position insulating sleeve halves and the two upper connecting pipe halves are fixedly connected by heat fusion. During heat fusion, only the outer surface connection point facing the outside is heat fused.

[0012] As a further optimization of the above solution, the edge of the exhaust hole is pre-coated with a self-adhesive silicone rubber coating with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm.

[0013] As a further optimization of the above solution, the inner side of the outer sleeve is also provided with a conical groove. The end of the conical groove away from the upper connecting pipe has a large opening, and the limiting ring groove and the raised elastic rib cooperate to produce an interference fit of 0.5-1mm for elastic engagement.

[0014] As a further optimization of the above solution, the telescopic insulating sleeve is fitted onto the cable or the lower live wire on the insulator.

[0015] This invention also discloses an installation method for insulator expansion sleeves adapted to high and low voltage lines, applicable to insulator expansion sleeves adapted to high and low voltage lines, and further includes the following steps: S1: Preparation work, clean the surface of the insulator, remove dirt and moisture, check the locking edges of the two halves of the fixed position insulation sleeve to ensure that there is no damage, and determine the installation position of the telescopic position insulation sleeve according to the conductor route. S2: Combined telescopic insulating sleeve, the two halves of the fixed position insulating sleeve are symmetrically snapped onto the outside of the corresponding insulator, so that the shed is embedded in the corrugated groove, the cable fixing plate above the insulator is inserted into the upper connecting pipe, and the telescopic insulating sleeve is fitted on the cable. S3: Exhaust-type hot melt coating; S301: Initial fixation. Use a flame torch to heat the surface of the fixing position insulating sleeve. First, heat-melt the connection between the two halves of the fixing position insulating sleeve. The heat-melting width is 5-8mm and the time is 2-3 seconds, so that the two halves of the shell are fused into one, achieving initial fixation. S302: Partitioned exhaust heat fusion, the surface of the fixed position insulating sleeve is fired in order from bottom to top, the fixed position insulating sleeve is heat fused and tightened on the surface of the umbrella skirt, the air remaining between the fixed position insulating sleeve and the umbrella skirt is discharged through the exhaust hole, and then the exhaust hole is closed by heat fusion. S4: Conduct a comprehensive inspection. Check that the corrugated grooves are completely fitted to the umbrella skirt and that there are no air bubbles. Confirm that all vents are closed. Recheck that all heat-fused joints are sealed. Gently pull on the insulating sleeve of the telescopic section to confirm that it is not loose. Use a megohmmeter to measure the insulation resistance.

[0016] As a further optimization of the above scheme, a spiral movement method is used during hot melting in S3.

[0017] As a further optimization of the above scheme, the partitioned exhaust heat fusion in S3 includes a separate operation: First, aim the flame at a single corrugated groove area, keeping it 10-15mm away from the surface of the sheath, and move it back and forth to heat it; The second step involves heating for 3-5 seconds per zone, causing the sheath material to soften and shrink, thus adhering to the surface of the umbrella skirt. Third, during the contraction process, the air between the corrugated groove and the umbrella skirt is squeezed upward and discharged from the exhaust port; Fourth step: After a small amount of gas escapes from the vent hole, use a pressure roller to roll from the center to both sides to assist in venting and compacting the protective sleeve. Fifth step: After the gas is discharged and the sheath is completely attached to the surface of the insulator, aim the flame at the edge of the vent hole and sweep it over the edge for 1-2 seconds to melt and close the edge of the hole by utilizing the self-adhesive property of the material.

[0018] The present invention provides an insulator expansion sleeve adapted for high and low voltage lines and an installation method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. By designing vent holes and using a zoned venting hot-melt process, the residual bubble rate is reduced, the problem of sheath cracking and falling off is minimized, and the service life of the sheath is improved.

[0019] 2. Achieve comprehensive adaptive adaptation: Axially adaptable, the corrugated fixing sleeve is telescopic and can accommodate insulators of different lengths; Radial adaptation, corrugated grooves fit into the umbrella skirt, adapting to different numbers and spacings of umbrella skirts; With its directional adaptability, the telescopic sleeve can be stretched and positioned arbitrarily within a certain range to accommodate different distances between the live wire and the insulator, thus meeting the usage requirements of high and low voltage lines, different pole types, and different insulators.

[0020] 3. The combination of the split shell structure and the venting-type heat-shrink wrapping enables detachable and reusable use, solving the problem that traditional heat-shrink sleeves are permanently fixed once installed and require destructive removal during disassembly.

[0021] 4. The venting-type hot melt coating method solves the long-standing industry problem of air bubble residue in insulator sheath installation, achieving a comprehensive breakthrough in insulation reliability, installation efficiency, service life and economy. It is especially suitable for live working environments with extremely high safety requirements and areas prone to lightning.

[0022] Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, indicating how the principles of the present invention can be adopted. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited in scope as a result, and that the embodiments of the present invention include many changes, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed telescopic insulating sleeve structure of the insulator adapted to high and low voltage lines in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed telescopic insulating sleeve for insulators adapted to high and low voltage lines in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed telescopic insulating sleeve of the present invention, which is adapted to high and low voltage lines and used in conjunction with the insulator; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic insulating sleeve of the present invention when it is extended; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed telescopic insulating sleeve structure for insulators adapted to high and low voltage lines in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 9This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed telescopic insulating sleeve for insulators adapted to high and low voltage lines in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the fixed-position insulating sheath and the umbrella skirt are combined in the traditional technology; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed-position insulating sleeve and the umbrella skirt of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Fixed position insulating sleeve; 2. Upper connecting pipe; 3. Telescopic position insulating sleeve; 4. Insulator; 5. Cable; 301. Inner sleeve; 302. Outer sleeve; 3011. Raised elastic rib; 3012. Inner limiting ring; 3021. Limiting ring groove; 3022. Outer limiting ring; 3023. Conical groove; 401. Umbrella skirt; 402. Cable fixing disc; 101. Vent hole; 1011. Voltage reduction zone; 1012. Air bubble residue zone. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Please refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: an insulator telescopic insulating sleeve adapted to high and low voltage lines, comprising: a fixed position insulating sleeve 1, an upper connecting pipe 2, and a telescopic position insulating sleeve 3.

[0027] Among them, the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 is a cylindrical corrugated outer sleeve. The fixed position insulating sleeve 1 is made of materials such as silicone rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, nitrile rubber, fluororubber or polyvinyl chloride. The fixed position insulating sleeve 1 can be axially extended and retracted to adapt to different types of pin insulators or composite insulators. For example, the extension and retraction length of the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 can be controlled according to the length of the insulator. The fixed position insulating sleeve 1 is clamped on the outside of the insulator to provide insulation protection for the insulator.

[0028] The upper end of the fixed insulating sleeve 1 is integrally provided with an upper connecting pipe 2, and both sides of the upper connecting pipe 2 are provided with telescopic insulating sleeves 3. The telescopic insulating sleeves 3 are also telescopic sleeves, which can be stretched and flexibly adapted according to the actual length of the conductor on site, without the need for cutting or replacing different specifications of sleeves. Therefore, the telescopic insulating sleeves 3 provided in this invention are for 0.4kV low-voltage lines with a lower live wire. The insulator can be used as a fixed reference, and the telescopic insulating sleeves 3 can extend to both sides of the conductor. They can be flexibly moved and positioned according to the different distances between the lower live wire and the insulator, so as to achieve full wrapping protection of the lower live wire. The overall device has a simple structure, strong adaptability, and can be quickly installed and disassembled. It takes into account the usage requirements of different pole types and different insulators for high and low voltage lines, and improves the safety and efficiency of live work.

[0029] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the fixed position insulating sleeve 1, the upper connecting pipe 2, and the telescopic position insulating sleeve 3 in this invention are all symmetrically separated along the axis and are spliced ​​together by two symmetrical shell structures. The two symmetrical telescopic position insulating sleeves 3 are connected by clips and slots. The two symmetrical fixed position insulating sleeves 1 and the two upper connecting pipes 2 are fixedly connected by heat fusion. During heat fusion, only the outer surface of the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 and the upper connecting pipe 2 is connected to the outside, ensuring that they can be cut open and disassembled with a knife and reused later.

[0030] refer to Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the telescopic insulating sleeve 3 includes an inner sleeve 301 and an outer sleeve 302. The outer sleeve 302 is telescopically fitted onto the outer ring of the inner sleeve 301. An inner limiting ring 3012 and an outer limiting ring 3022 are fixedly provided at opposite ends of the inner sleeve 301 and outer sleeve 302, respectively. The inner limiting ring 3012 is movably fitted against the inner ring of the upper connecting pipe 2, and the outer limiting ring 3022 is movably fitted against the end of the inner sleeve 301 away from the inner limiting ring 3012. The outer sleeve 302... The inner sleeve 301 is also provided with a conical groove 3023. The opening of the conical groove 3023 at the end away from the upper connecting pipe 2 is slightly larger. The outer ring of the inner sleeve 301 is fixedly provided with a raised elastic rib 3011. Several raised elastic ribs 3011 are provided. The several raised elastic ribs 3011 are distributed at equal distances along the axial direction of the inner sleeve 301. The inner wall of the outer sleeve 302 near the upper connecting pipe 2 is provided with a limiting ring groove 3021. The limiting ring groove 3021 is provided corresponding to the raised elastic rib 3011.

[0031] In this invention, the telescopic insulating sleeve 3, the fixed insulating sleeve 1, and the upper connecting pipe 2 are designed to be separable. The telescopic insulating sleeve 3 can be connected to the fixed insulating sleeve 1, or it can be connected to the upper connecting pipe 2. The specific installation position depends on the distribution of the conductors on the insulator, such as: refer to Figure 6 As shown, when the upper part of the insulator 4 is connected to the cable fixing disc 402 and the cable 5, the telescopic insulating sleeve 3 is installed on the upper connecting pipe 2, the fixed insulating sleeve 1 is sleeved and protected on the outside of the insulator 4, the upper connecting pipe 2 is sleeved and protected on the outside of the cable fixing disc 402, and the telescopic insulating sleeve 3 is sleeved and protected on the outside of the cable 5. When the lower part of the insulator 4 has a down-fire wire, a telescopic insulating sleeve 3 is connected to the fixed position insulating sleeve 1. The telescopic insulating sleeve 3 can be arranged along the distribution direction of the down-fire wire.

[0032] When installing the telescopic insulating sleeve 3, corresponding holes need to be made on the fixed insulating sleeve 1 and the upper connecting pipe 2. When the telescopic insulating sleeve 3 is connected to the fixed insulating sleeve 1 or the upper connecting pipe 2, the inner limiting ring 3012 is clamped between the insulator 4 and the fixed insulating sleeve 1 or between the cable fixing plate 402 and the upper connecting pipe 2. In actual installation, the upper connecting pipe 2 of appropriate size needs to be set to ensure that the upper connecting pipe 2 is just fitted on the outside of the cable fixing plate 402.

[0033] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, when dealing with the down-side wire, the outer sleeve 302 can be stretched relative to the inner sleeve 301, and the overall length of the controllable telescopic insulating sleeve 3 can be adjusted to adapt to the length of the down-side wire. When the outer sleeve 302 extends or retracts along the axial direction of the inner sleeve 301, the limiting ring groove 3021 slides to the outside of the corresponding protruding elastic rib 3011 to achieve fixation. The limiting ring groove 3021 and the protruding elastic rib 3011 cooperate to produce an elastic engagement with an interference of 0.5-1mm.

[0034] The fixed-position insulating sleeve 1 of this invention is applicable to different types of insulators, such as insulators 4 with one, two or more sheds 401. When the fixed-position insulating sleeve 1 is fitted onto the outside of an insulator 4 with four sheds 401, the four sheds 401 are equidistantly inserted into the corresponding corrugated grooves. The fixed-position insulating sleeve 1 and the sheds 401 are tightly fitted together to prevent axial movement. The remaining corrugated sections on the fixed-position insulating sleeve 1 are squeezed between adjacent sheds 401 and combine with the outside of the insulator 4 to form a voltage reduction zone 1011. When the insulator 4 is heated, the voltage reduction zone 1011 can be affected by heat and expand, causing the fixed-position insulating sleeve 1 to expand, providing a heat dissipation path, and preventing the fixed-position insulating sleeve 1 from separating from the sheds 401 under the action of heat, resulting in partial discharge or sleeve ablation.

[0035] It should be noted that the upper connecting pipe 2 and the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 are integrally formed and made of the same material. Its inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cable fixing disc 402, and its height is 1.2-1.5 times that of the cable fixing disc 402 to ensure complete coverage of the cable fixing disc 402. The upper connecting pipe 2 has a wall thickness of 4-6mm and a 2-3mm reinforced rolled edge at the end to prevent tearing during installation.

[0036] The telescopic insulating sleeve 3 is made of silicone rubber and provides support for the cable 5. The inner limiting ring 3012 and the outer limiting ring 3022 are both 3-4mm thick and adopt a stepped limiting structure. When the outer sleeve 302 is stretched, the limiting ring groove 3021 and the raised elastic rib 3011 cooperate to produce an interference fit of 0.5-1mm, requiring an axial force of 10-20N to move, which can reliably position the cable and facilitate on-site adjustment. Example 2

[0037] refer to Figures 8 to 11 As shown, a further improvement to the fixed-position insulating sleeve 1 is that multiple vent holes 101 are provided on the fixed-position insulating sleeve 1. The vent holes 101 can be any one of round holes, square holes, or triangular holes. In this invention, based on the provision of vent holes 101 on the fixed-position insulating sleeve 1, the method for installing the fixed-position insulating sleeve 1 is improved in a coordinated manner. The method includes: The first step is preparation. Clean the surface of insulator 4 to remove dirt and moisture. Check the locking edges of the two halves of the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 to ensure there is no damage. Determine the installation position of the telescopic insulating sleeve 3 according to the conductor route. The second step is to assemble the telescopic insulating sleeve, symmetrically snap the two halves of the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 onto the outside of the corresponding insulator 4, so that the awning 401 is embedded in the corrugated groove, extend the cable fixing plate 402 above the insulator 4 into the upper connecting pipe 2, and put the telescopic position insulating sleeve 3 on the cable 5. The third step is exhaust-type hot melt wrapping. The surface of the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 is burned by a flame gun. First, the connection between the two halves of the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 is hot melted and bonded. The hot melt width is 5-8mm and the time is 2-3 seconds, so that the two halves of the shell are fused into one, and the initial fixation is achieved. Use a spiral motion during hot melting to avoid localized overheating; Then, the surface of the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 is fired sequentially from bottom to top, and the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 is heat-melted and tightened onto the surface of the umbrella skirt 401. The air remaining between the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 and the umbrella skirt 401 can be discharged through the exhaust hole 101. After that, the exhaust hole 101 is closed by heat melting to achieve full protection of the umbrella skirt 401. Single-zone operation is required during hot melting: 1. Aim the flame at a single corrugated groove area, keeping it 10-15mm away from the sheath surface, and move it back and forth to heat the area; 2. Heating time is 3-5 seconds per zone, during which the sheath material softens and shrinks, adhering to the 401 surface of the umbrella skirt; 3. During the contraction process, the air between the corrugated groove and the umbrella skirt 401 is squeezed upward and discharged from the exhaust port 101; 4. After observing a small amount of gas escaping from the vent 101, immediately use a pressure roller (made of high-temperature resistant silicone) to roll from the center to both sides to assist in venting and compact the protective sleeve; 5. Vent hole 101 treatment: After all vent holes 101 in the area have gas escaping and the sheath is completely attached, aim the flame at the edge of the vent hole 101 and sweep it quickly (1-2 seconds) to melt and close the hole edge by using the self-adhesive property of the material.

[0038] The third step is a comprehensive inspection. Check whether the corrugated grooves completely fit the umbrella skirt 401 and whether there are any air bubbles. Confirm that all vent holes 101 are closed. For vent holes 101 that are not completely closed, use silicone rubber repair glue to apply spot sealant or re-fire to close them. Check again whether all heat-fused joints are sealed. Gently pull the telescopic insulating sleeve 3 to confirm that there is no looseness. Use a 2500V megohmmeter to measure the insulation resistance. The insulation resistance should be greater than or equal to 1000MΩ.

[0039] Table 1. Advantages of Exhaust-Type Hot Melt Coating Compared with Traditional Methods As can be seen from Table 1, the residual bubble rate of traditional methods is as high as 15-30%, while the residual bubble rate of this invention is controlled to below 5% through the design of vent holes and the partitioned venting process. This is because in the traditional method, during the hot-melt process, the air between the sheath and the skirt is trapped inside and cannot be discharged, forming a residual bubble area. However, the vent holes of this invention provide a discharge channel for the air. Combined with the hot-melt sequence from bottom to top, the air is gradually squeezed out during the shrinkage of the sheath, fundamentally eliminating the root cause of residual bubbles.

[0040] The hot-melting time has been reduced from 10-15 minutes to 5-8 minutes, improving efficiency by about 40%. Through standardized operating procedures, the time spent on repeated baking and inspection has been reduced, while rework caused by bubble problems in traditional methods has been avoided.

[0041] Residual air bubbles are the main cause of cracking in traditional sheaths. As the temperature changes, the bubbles repeatedly expand and contract, causing stress concentration and leading to material fatigue. In this invention, after eliminating the air bubbles, the sheath and the insulator form an integrated and compact structure with uniform stress distribution. The weather resistance and impact resistance are greatly enhanced, reducing the sheath cracking rate from 8-12% to 2% and increasing the lightning impact withstand times from 3-5 to 8-10.

[0042] This invention uses external surface heat fusion connection, which can be cut open without damaging the main body of the sheath during disassembly. Combined with the repair or re-heat fusion closure of the vent hole, it can be reused multiple times, significantly reducing operation and maintenance costs. It should be noted that during secondary installation, the sheath and the surface of the insulator are usually fully attached, and there is no need to use the vent hole 101 to vent. If the installation is abnormal and cannot fit well, the original vent hole 101 needs to be punctured and then installed according to the first installation method.

[0043] refer to Figure 10As shown, the venting-type hot melt coating method replaces the traditional method of baking and heat shrinking the coating onto the surface of the insulator or cable. The traditional method of direct baking causes the fixed-position insulation sheath 1 to shrink onto the surface of the shed 401, which easily allows air bubbles between the fixed-position insulation sheath 1 and the shed 401 to enter the internal layer structure of the fixed-position insulation sheath 1 or become trapped between the fixed-position insulation sheath 1 and the shed 401, forming an air bubble residue area 1012. When heated, the air in the air bubble residue area 1012 expands due to heat, which can easily lead to problems such as cracking and falling off of the fixed-position insulation sheath 1, resulting in a short service life.

[0044] refer to Figure 11 As shown, the improved exhaust-type hot-melt coating method of the present invention can effectively discharge excess air through the exhaust hole 101. There is no air bubble residue area 1012 between the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 and the umbrella skirt 401, or in the internal layer structure of the fixed position insulating sleeve 1. Whether heated or cooled, the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 can tightly cover the outer surface of the umbrella skirt 401, and the structural layers are not easy to separate. Moreover, the fixed position insulating sleeve 1 is not easy to crack, has a long service life, and provides good protection.

[0045] It should be noted that the fixed-position insulating sleeve 1 installed by the exhaust-type hot melt wrapping method is particularly suitable for use on insulators 4 and cables 5 that are affected by lightning, and can maintain good insulation protection even under the high temperature of lightning.

[0046] In practical implementation, the parameters of the vent 101 are designed as follows: The diameter of the vent hole 101 is 3-5mm (round hole), or 3mm x 5mm (rectangular hole). Distribution method: Each corrugated groove has 2-4 vent holes 101 on its side, which are evenly distributed along the circumference; Hole edge distance: 5-8mm from the bottom of the corrugated groove to avoid affecting the structural strength; Hole edge reinforcement: The wall thickness within 1mm around the hole is increased to 4-5mm to prevent tearing (optional customization according to actual needs).

[0047] A self-adhesive silicone rubber coating with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm is pre-applied to the edge of the vent hole 101 to facilitate rapid closure during hot melting.

Claims

1. A telescopic insulating sleeve for insulators adapted to high and low voltage lines, characterized in that, include: A fixed-position insulating sleeve is a cylindrical corrugated outer sleeve with multiple corrugated segments. Annular corrugated grooves are formed within the corrugated segments. The fixed-position insulating sleeve is fitted over the outside of an insulator. The insulator has sheds. The fixed-position insulating sleeve is axially telescopic. Multiple vent holes are provided on the fixed-position insulating sleeve. The sheds are inserted into the corresponding corrugated grooves on the fixed-position insulating sleeve. Several corrugated segments between adjacent sheds are compressed and combined with the outside of the insulator to form a voltage reduction zone. The upper connecting pipe is integrally set on the upper end of the fixed position insulating sleeve. The upper part of the insulator has a cable fixing plate, and the upper connecting pipe is sleeved on the cable fixing plate. The telescopic insulating sleeve is installed on the upper connecting pipe or the fixed insulating sleeve. The telescopic insulating sleeve is a telescopic sleeve, including an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve.

2. The telescopic insulating sleeve for insulators adapted to high and low voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust port can be a round hole, a rectangular hole, or a triangular hole; When the vent is a round hole, the diameter is 3-5mm; When the vent is a rectangular hole, the length and width of the hole are 3mm × 5mm; Each corrugated groove has 2-4 vent holes on its side. The multiple vent holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the fixed position insulating sleeve, 5-8mm away from the bottom of the corrugated groove.

3. The telescopic insulating sleeve for insulators adapted to high and low voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve is retractably fitted around the outer ring of the inner sleeve. The inner and outer sleeves are respectively fixed with an inner limiting ring and an outer limiting ring at their ends that are far apart from each other. Several raised elastic ribs are fixedly provided on the outer ring of the inner sleeve. A limiting ring groove is provided on the inner wall of the end of the outer sleeve near the upper connecting pipe. The limiting ring groove is corresponding to the raised elastic ribs.

4. The telescopic insulating sleeve for insulators adapted to high and low voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed-position insulating sleeve, the upper connecting pipe, and the telescopic insulating sleeve are all symmetrically separated along the axis and are spliced ​​together by two symmetrical shell structures. The two symmetrical telescopic insulating sleeve halves are connected by clips and slots, and the two symmetrical fixed-position insulating sleeve halves and the two upper connecting pipe halves are fixedly connected by heat fusion. During heat fusion, only the outer surface connection point facing the outside is heat fused.

5. The telescopic insulating sleeve for insulators adapted to high and low voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edges of the vent holes are pre-coated with a self-adhesive silicone rubber coating with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm.

6. The telescopic insulating sleeve for insulators adapted to high and low voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve is also provided with a conical groove inside. The end of the conical groove away from the upper connecting pipe has a large opening. The limiting ring groove and the raised elastic rib cooperate to produce an interference fit of 0.5-1mm.

7. The telescopic insulating sleeve for insulators adapted to high and low voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic insulating sleeve is fitted onto the cable or the down-live wire on the insulator.

8. An installation method for an insulator expansion sleeve adapted to high and low voltage lines, characterized in that: The expansion sleeve for insulators adapted to high and low voltage lines as described in any of claims 1-7 further includes the following steps: S1: Preparation work, clean the surface of the insulator, remove dirt and moisture, check the locking edges of the two halves of the fixed position insulation sleeve to ensure that there is no damage, and determine the installation position of the telescopic position insulation sleeve according to the conductor route. S2: Combined telescopic insulating sleeve, the two halves of the fixed position insulating sleeve are symmetrically snapped onto the outside of the corresponding insulator, so that the shed is embedded in the corrugated groove, the cable fixing plate above the insulator is inserted into the upper connecting pipe, and the telescopic insulating sleeve is fitted on the cable. S3: Exhaust-type hot melt coating; S301: Initial fixation. Use a flame torch to heat the surface of the fixing position insulating sleeve. First, heat-melt the connection between the two halves of the fixing position insulating sleeve. The heat-melting width is 5-8mm and the time is 2-3 seconds, so that the two halves of the shell are fused into one, achieving initial fixation. S302: Partitioned exhaust heat fusion, the surface of the fixed position insulating sleeve is fired in order from bottom to top, the fixed position insulating sleeve is heat fused and tightened on the surface of the umbrella skirt, the air remaining between the fixed position insulating sleeve and the umbrella skirt is discharged through the exhaust hole, and then the exhaust hole is closed by heat fusion. S4: Conduct a comprehensive inspection. Check that the corrugated grooves are completely fitted to the umbrella skirt and that there are no air bubbles. Confirm that all vents are closed. Recheck that all heat-fused joints are sealed. Gently pull on the insulating sleeve of the telescopic section to confirm that it is not loose. Use a megohmmeter to measure the insulation resistance.

9. The installation method of an insulator expansion sleeve adapted for high and low voltage lines according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hot-melting process in S3 employs a spiral movement technique.

10. The installation method of an insulator expansion sleeve adapted for high and low voltage lines according to claim 8, characterized in that: The partitioned exhaust heat fusion in S3 includes a separate operation: First, aim the flame at a single corrugated groove area, keeping it 10-15mm away from the surface of the sheath, and move it back and forth to heat it; The second step involves heating for 3-5 seconds per zone, causing the sheath material to soften and shrink, thus adhering to the surface of the umbrella skirt. Third, during the contraction process, the air between the corrugated groove and the umbrella skirt is squeezed upward and discharged from the exhaust port; Fourth step: After a small amount of gas escapes from the vent hole, use a pressure roller to roll from the center to both sides to assist in venting and compacting the protective sleeve. Fifth step: After the gas is discharged and the sheath is completely attached to the surface of the insulator, aim the flame at the edge of the vent hole and sweep it over the edge for 1-2 seconds to melt and close the edge of the hole by utilizing the self-adhesive property of the material.

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