Housing assembly, battery cell, battery pack, and energy storage device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically disclosing a housing assembly, a single battery cell, a battery pack, and an energy storage device. The housing assembly includes a battery cell housing and a fire-resistant filter. The battery cell housing has a receiving cavity and an assembly section. The receiving cavity is configured to install an electrode assembly, and the assembly section is configured to install an explosion-proof valve. An exhaust channel is constructed within the battery cell housing, connecting the explosion-proof valve and the receiving cavity. The fire-resistant filter is installed within the battery cell housing and at least partially fills the exhaust channel. The fire-resistant filter is configured to allow gas generated during the single-cell ejection valve to pass through while blocking solid particles accompanying the gas from passing through. The aforementioned housing assembly not only effectively reduces the risk of solid particle ejection and improves the safety performance of the single battery cell, but also significantly reduces the volume of the single battery cell, thereby saving assembly space within the battery pack and reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a housing assembly, a single battery cell, a battery pack, and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, due to the high gas production rate, solid particles are usually ejected from the explosion-proof valve along with the gas flow. During the ejection process, these solid particles can easily generate sparks when they collide with metal materials, igniting flammable gases and causing a fire and explosion.

[0003] In related technologies, it is common practice to install perforated insulating components on the outside of the battery cell, with the insulating components covering the explosion-proof valve to intercept solid particles and reduce the risk of battery cell fire. However, installing insulating components on the outside of the battery cell significantly increases the volume of the individual cell, occupies valuable assembly space inside the battery pack, and also increases the manufacturing cost of the battery pack accordingly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a housing assembly, a single battery cell, a battery pack, and an energy storage device that can effectively prevent solid particulate matter from being ejected during thermal runaway, reduce the risk of solid particles igniting due to friction, and improve the safety performance of the battery cell.

[0005] One embodiment of this application provides a housing assembly. The housing assembly is applied to a single battery cell. The single battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an explosion-proof valve. The housing assembly includes a battery cell housing and a fire-resistant filter. The battery cell housing has a receiving cavity and an assembly portion; the receiving cavity is configured to mount the electrode assembly, and the assembly portion is configured to mount the explosion-proof valve. An exhaust passage is constructed within the battery cell housing, connecting the explosion-proof valve and the receiving cavity. The fire-resistant filter is installed within the battery cell housing and at least partially fills the exhaust passage. The fire-resistant filter is configured to allow gas generated when the single battery cell valve is activated to pass through, while blocking solid particles accompanying the gas discharge from passing through.

[0006] In the aforementioned housing assembly, the fire-resistant filter element is built into the interior of the individual battery cell. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the fire-resistant filter element can filter out solid particles before they exit the explosion-proof valve. This not only effectively reduces the risk of solid particle ejection and improves the safety performance of the individual battery cell, but also significantly reduces the volume of the individual battery cell, thereby saving internal assembly space in the battery pack and lowering manufacturing costs.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the first direction is defined as the direction of gas flow. The refractory filter includes a filter section with densely arranged through-holes. Along the first direction, the projection of the filter section at least partially overlaps with the projection of the exhaust channel.

[0008] When a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, gas and solid particles are generated within the cell's housing cavity, creating a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the housing. As the explosion-proof valve opens, the solid particles, propelled by the gas, are ejected along the exhaust channel to the valve. At this point, the gas flows through the densely arranged perforations in the filter section to the outside of the cell housing, while the solid particles mixed in with the gas are intercepted by the filter section and retained inside the cell housing (i.e., within the housing cavity). The filter section and the perforations within it effectively reduce the risks associated with solid particle ejection, such as fire caused by particle collision, thus improving the safety performance of the single battery cell.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the projection of the exhaust passage along the first direction is located within the projection range of the filter section.

[0010] By completely covering the exhaust channel with the filter section, the risk of solid particles escaping from the edge of the filter section and being ejected with gas to the outside of the explosion-proof valve can be reduced. This helps to better improve the interception effect of the fire-resistant filter on solid particles, thereby further improving the safety performance of the battery cell.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the filter section is configured to be spaced apart from the electrode assembly along a first direction.

[0012] When a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the gas generated by the electrode assembly can be rapidly discharged from the gap between the filter and the electrode assembly into the containment cavity. This reduces the risk of high-temperature gas accumulation and battery cell explosion caused by the electrode assembly being partially obscured by the lack of perforations in the refractory filter, which could lead to insufficient or inadequate exhaust of the gas. This is beneficial for improving the safety of battery cell usage.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the battery cell housing is provided with a first rib within the receiving cavity. The first rib is configured to abut against the electrode assembly so that the filter section and the electrode assembly are spaced apart.

[0014] The battery cell casing is usually made of metal (such as aluminum or steel). The first rib on the battery cell casing has good strength and rigidity, and is not easy to deform when the internal pressure of the battery cell increases or when it is squeezed from the outside. It can always effectively support the electrode assembly and ensure a safe gap.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the refractory filter element further includes a mounting portion connected to the filter section and connected to the battery cell housing. The mounting portion has a second rib on the side facing the receiving cavity, and the second rib is configured to abut against the electrode assembly so that the filter section and the electrode assembly are spaced apart.

[0016] The second rib is part of the fire-resistant filter element. When installing the fire-resistant filter element, the supporting function of the second rib is automatically realized, eliminating the need for secondary alignment during assembly, which helps to simplify the assembly process of individual battery cells.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, a mounting groove is provided on the side of the battery cell housing facing the electrode assembly within the receiving cavity. The mounting groove is configured to communicate with the exhaust channel, and the fire-resistant filter element is at least partially installed in the mounting groove.

[0018] By embedding the refractory filter element into the cell housing, the space occupied by the refractory filter element inside the cell housing can be reduced, thereby reducing the impact on the overall volume of the cell and helping to maintain the volume of the cell.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, the fire-resistant filter element has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The first surface faces the exhaust channel, and the second surface is flush with the inner wall of the battery cell housing.

[0020] By setting the second side of the refractory filter to be flush with the inner wall of the cell housing (i.e., the refractory filter is completely embedded in the cell housing), the impact of the refractory filter on the overall volume of the cell can be reduced more effectively, without the need to adjust the dimensions of the cell housing and electrode assembly, such as increasing the height of the cell housing or decreasing the height of the electrode assembly.

[0021] In some embodiments of this application, the second surface is configured as an arc surface, and the opening of the arc surface is away from the receiving cavity.

[0022] By constructing the second side of the refractory filter as an arc surface, firstly, it can prevent solid particles from shooting vertically towards the refractory filter, thereby reducing the heat generated at the moment of collision between solid particles and the refractory filter, and better improving the safety of the battery cell; secondly, it can disperse the forces (such as the impact force of solid particles) on the refractory filter, thereby reducing the risk of deformation and damage to the refractory filter.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the walls of the via are constructed as slopes. When solid particles are intercepted by the via, they can slide down the slope.

[0024] By constructing the hole wall as a slope, the risk of fixed particles getting stuck in the hole can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of the hole being blocked by solid particles. This helps to ensure the stable blocking of solid particles accompanying the gas discharge by the refractory filter.

[0025] In some embodiments of this application, the refractory filter element is constructed as a non-metallic component. The refractory filter element is any one of basalt fiber filter element, aluminosilicate fiber filter element, glass fiber cloth filter element, or high-silica fiber filter element.

[0026] On the one hand, fire-resistant filter elements can utilize the low thermal expansion coefficient of non-metals to maintain the integrity of their structure in high-temperature environments (specifically above 1000℃) with thermal runaway; on the other hand, non-metallic fire-resistant filter elements are not easily ignited, which helps to improve the safety of individual battery cells.

[0027] One embodiment of this application provides a single battery cell. The single battery cell includes an electrode assembly, an explosion-proof valve, and a housing assembly as described in any of the above embodiments. The electrode assembly is installed within a receiving cavity, and the explosion-proof valve is installed in an assembly section.

[0028] The aforementioned battery cell uses the same housing assembly. A fire-resistant filter is built into the inside of the battery cell. In the event of thermal runaway, the fire-resistant filter can filter out solid particles before they exit the explosion-proof valve. This not only effectively reduces the risk of solid particle ejection and improves the safety performance of the battery cell, but also significantly reduces the size of the battery cell, thereby saving internal assembly space in the battery pack and lowering manufacturing costs.

[0029] One embodiment of this application provides a battery pack. The battery pack includes a housing and individual battery cells as described above. The individual battery cells are mounted inside the housing.

[0030] The aforementioned battery pack uses the aforementioned individual battery cells. A fire-resistant filter is built into the interior of each individual cell. In the event of thermal runaway in a single cell, the fire-resistant filter can remove solid particles before they exit the explosion-proof valve. This not only effectively reduces the risk of solid particulate matter ejection and improves the safety performance of the individual cells, but also significantly reduces the volume of the individual cells, thereby saving internal assembly space and lowering the manufacturing cost of the battery pack.

[0031] One embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a housing and a battery pack as described above. The battery pack is installed inside the housing.

[0032] The aforementioned energy storage device uses the aforementioned battery pack. A fire-resistant filter is built into the individual battery cell. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the fire-resistant filter can filter out solid particles before they exit the explosion-proof valve. This not only effectively reduces the risk of solid particle ejection and improves the safety performance of the individual battery cell, but also significantly reduces the volume of the individual battery cell, thereby saving internal assembly space and reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of an energy storage device provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a single battery cell provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a single battery cell provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A partial structural diagram of a single battery cell when the housing assembly and the explosion-proof valve are separated, as provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of a single battery cell when the housing assembly and explosion-proof valve are assembled according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fire-resistant filter element with densely arranged through holes distributed in an array, according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fire-resistant filter element provided in an embodiment of this application, showing a radially distributed densely arranged perforation; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a refractory filter element is provided for one embodiment of this application when the densely arranged through holes are strip holes; Figure 10 This application provides a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the fire-resistant filter, the battery cell housing, and the electrode assembly when the mounting part is provided with a second protruding rib, according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 11 This application provides an embodiment of the assembly structure diagram of the fire-resistant filter and the battery cell housing when the fire-resistant filter is embedded in the battery cell housing. Figure 12 This application provides a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the fire-resistant filter and the battery cell housing when the second surface is an arc surface, according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the refractory filter, the battery cell housing, and the electrode assembly when the hole wall structure of the through hole is inclined, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Explanation of key component symbols: 1000, Energy storage power supply; 100, Battery pack; 200, Housing; 10, Individual battery cell; 20, Outer shell; 11, Shell assembly; 12, Electrode assembly; 13, Explosion-proof valve; 111, Battery cell shell; 112, Fire-resistant filter element; 1111, Receiving cavity; 1112, Assembly part; 1113, Exhaust channel; 1114, First rib; 1115, Mounting groove; 1121, Filter part; 1122, Mounting part; 1123, First surface; 1124, Second surface; 11211, Through hole; 11212, Inclined surface; 11221, Second rib; X, First direction. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0038] When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, due to the high gas production rate, solid particles are usually ejected from the explosion-proof valve along with the gas flow. During the ejection process, these solid particles can easily generate sparks when they collide with metal materials, igniting flammable gases and causing a fire and explosion.

[0039] In related technologies, it is common practice to install perforated insulating components on the outside of the battery cell, with the insulating components covering the explosion-proof valve to intercept solid particles and reduce the risk of battery cell fire. However, installing insulating components on the outside of the battery cell significantly increases the volume of the individual cell, occupies valuable assembly space inside the battery pack, and also increases the manufacturing cost of the battery pack accordingly.

[0040] One embodiment of this application provides a housing assembly. The housing assembly is applied to a single battery cell. The single battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an explosion-proof valve. The housing assembly includes a battery cell housing and a fire-resistant filter. The battery cell housing has a receiving cavity and an assembly portion; the receiving cavity is configured to mount the electrode assembly, and the assembly portion is configured to mount the explosion-proof valve. An exhaust passage is constructed within the battery cell housing, connecting the explosion-proof valve and the receiving cavity. The fire-resistant filter is installed within the battery cell housing and at least partially fills the exhaust passage. The fire-resistant filter is configured to allow gas generated when the single battery cell valve is activated to pass through, while blocking solid particles accompanying the gas discharge from passing through.

[0041] In the aforementioned housing assembly, the fire-resistant filter element is built into the interior of the individual battery cell. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the fire-resistant filter element can filter out solid particles before they exit the explosion-proof valve. This not only effectively reduces the risk of solid particle ejection and improves the safety performance of the individual battery cell, but also significantly reduces the volume of the individual battery cell, thereby saving internal assembly space in the battery pack and lowering manufacturing costs.

[0042] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0043] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 and Figure 2 One embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device 1000. The energy storage device 1000 has the functions of storing and discharging electricity, and can be used for household backup power, backup power in production units, outdoor work, outdoor recreation, etc.

[0044] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 1000 includes a battery pack 100 and a housing 200. The battery pack 100 is installed inside the housing 200, which isolates the battery pack 100 from the external environment. The battery pack 100 is used to store and supply electricity to the energy storage device 1000. The battery pack 100 can also be used as a standalone device to output DC power, or it can be stacked with an inverter module.

[0045] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 1000 includes a power conversion module (not shown) electrically connected to the battery pack 100. The power conversion module is used to control the AC / DC conversion of the output current of the battery pack 100. The energy storage device 1000 equipped with the power conversion module can be a small portable power source, a residential energy storage power source, an industrial or commercial energy storage power source, or a containerized energy storage power source, etc.

[0046] In some embodiments, the power conversion module may be omitted. An energy storage device 1000 without a power conversion module can be used independently. An energy storage device 1000 without a power conversion module typically only outputs DC power. When used independently, an energy storage device 1000 without a power conversion module can be used in conjunction with an energy storage device 1000 with a power conversion module as a power system providing additional battery capacity.

[0047] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the battery pack 100 includes individual battery cells 10 and a housing 20. The individual battery cells 10 are installed inside the housing 20, which isolates the individual battery cells 10 from the external environment. The individual battery cells 10 can also be manufactured, transported, and used independently of the battery pack 100.

[0048] In some embodiments, the number of individual battery cells 10 is multiple, and the multiple individual battery cells 10 are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery pack 100 that meets the specific application requirements.

[0049] For example, electric bicycles (which typically require 48V or higher), electric vehicles (which require hundreds of volts), and laptops need to connect multiple individual battery cells 10 in series to achieve the required voltage. As another example, large energy storage stations, backup power supplies for some base stations, and devices requiring extremely long-term continuous power supply need to connect multiple individual battery cells 10 in parallel to increase the total capacity.

[0050] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the battery cell 10 includes a housing assembly 11, an electrode assembly 12, and an explosion-proof valve 13. Both the electrode assembly 12 and the explosion-proof valve 13 are mounted on the housing assembly 11. The explosion-proof valve 13 is used to open in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 to release flammable gases from the housing assembly 11. Specifically, the flammable gases refer to gases and solid particles (e.g., molten materials such as the melted outer casing of the electrode assembly 12) generated by the electrode assembly 12.

[0051] By setting the explosion-proof valve 13, the combustible gas generated by the battery cell 10 can be discharged in time, which helps to reduce the risk of damage or explosion of the battery cell 10 due to excessive internal pressure, and improves the safety of the battery cell 10.

[0052] Please refer to the following: Figures 4 to 6 In some embodiments, the housing assembly 11 includes a cell housing 111 and a fire-resistant filter element 112. The cell housing 111 has a receiving cavity 1111 and an assembly portion 1112. The receiving cavity 1111 is configured to mount the electrode assembly 12, and the assembly portion 1112 is configured to mount the explosion-proof valve 13. An exhaust passage 1113 is constructed within the cell housing 111, and the exhaust passage 1113 connects the explosion-proof valve 13 and the receiving cavity 1111.

[0053] A fire-resistant filter element 112 is installed inside the cell housing 111 and at least partially fills the exhaust passage 1113. The fire-resistant filter element 112 is configured to allow gas generated when the cell unit 10 is vented, and to block solid particles that accompany the gas from passing through.

[0054] Understandably, when a single cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the electrode assembly 12 generates gas and solid particles, causing a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cell casing 111. As the explosion-proof valve 13 opens, the solid particles, under the influence of the gas, are ejected along the exhaust channel 1113 to the explosion-proof valve 13 for discharge into the external environment. The fire-resistant filter element 112 filters out the solid particles before they flow out of the explosion-proof valve 13.

[0055] On the one hand, by setting the fire-resistant filter element 112, the risk of solid particulate matter spray can be effectively reduced, which is conducive to improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10. On the other hand, by embedding the fire-resistant filter element 112 inside the battery cell 10, the volume of the battery cell 10 can be reduced to the maximum extent, thereby saving assembly space inside the battery pack 100 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery pack 100.

[0056] Please refer to the following: Figures 4 to 6 In some embodiments, the first direction X is defined as the direction of gas ejection. The refractory filter element 112 includes a filter section 1121, which has densely arranged through holes 11211. The aforementioned dense arrangement specifically refers to the through holes 11211 being designed in a high-density, tightly packed manner within a certain area, that is, the number of through holes 11211 per unit area is higher than that of conventional designs.

[0057] Along the first direction X, the projection of the filter section 1121 at least partially overlaps with the projection of the exhaust channel 1113. Understandably, when the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the gas flows through the densely arranged through-holes 11211 in the filter section 1121 to the outside of the battery cell housing 111, while solid particles doped in the gas are intercepted by the filter section 1121 and retained inside the battery cell housing 111 (i.e., inside the receiving cavity 1111).

[0058] The filter section 1121 and the through hole 11211 provided in the filter section 1121 can effectively reduce the risks caused by solid particulate matter jetting, such as solid particulate matter collision and fire, and improve the safety performance of the battery cell 10.

[0059] Please refer to the following: Figure 7 and Figure 8 In some embodiments, the densely arranged through holes 11211 are distributed in an array or radial pattern, which has a better blocking effect on solid particles, improves the filtration effect of the refractory filter element 112, and the refractory filter element 112 has better structural strength, so that the part of the refractory filter element 112 without through holes 11211 can resist the impact of gas.

[0060] Please see Figure 9 In some embodiments, the densely arranged vias 11211 are presented as strip-shaped holes, which increases the cross-sectional size of a single via 11211 and facilitates the passage of gas. Even if solid particles are blocked at the via 11211, there can still be a portion of the via 11211 that is not blocked by solid particles to allow gas to pass through.

[0061] In other embodiments, the densely arranged vias 11211 can also be other suitable shapes and arrangements. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0062] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the projection of the exhaust passage 1113 along the first direction X is located within the projection range of the filter section 1121. In other words, the filter section 1121 completely covers the exhaust passage 1113.

[0063] This reduces the risk of solid particles escaping from the edge of the filter section 1121 and being ejected with gas to the outside of the explosion-proof valve 13, which helps to better improve the interception effect of the fire-resistant filter element 112 on solid particles, thereby further improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10.

[0064] In some embodiments, the filter section 1121 is configured to be spaced apart from the electrode assembly 12 along the first direction X. Understandably, when the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the gas generated by the electrode assembly 12 can be rapidly discharged from the gap between the filter section 1121 and the electrode assembly 12 into the receiving cavity 1111.

[0065] Therefore, the risk of gas accumulation and cell explosion caused by the partial shielding of the electrode assembly 12 due to the lack of through holes 11211 in the refractory filter 112 can be reduced. This is because the high-temperature gas generated by the electrode assembly 12 cannot be fully discharged or the exhaust rate is too low, which is conducive to improving the safety of the cell 10.

[0066] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the cell housing 111 is provided with a first rib 1114 in the receiving cavity 1111. The first rib 1114 is configured to abut against the electrode assembly 12 so that the filter section 1121 and the electrode assembly 12 are spaced apart.

[0067] Since the cell housing 111 is usually made of metal (such as aluminum or steel), the first rib 1114 provided in the cell housing 111 has better strength and rigidity, and is not easy to deform when the internal pressure of the cell 10 increases or when it is squeezed by the outside. It can always effectively support the electrode assembly 12 and ensure a safe gap.

[0068] Please see Figure 10 In some embodiments, the refractory filter element 112 further includes a mounting portion 1122 connected to the filter portion 1121, and the mounting portion 1122 is connected to the battery cell housing 111. The mounting portion 1122 has a second rib 11221 on the side facing the receiving cavity 1111, and the second rib 11221 is configured to abut against the electrode assembly 12 so that the filter portion 1121 and the electrode assembly 12 are spaced apart.

[0069] Since the second rib 11221 is part of the fire-resistant filter element 112, the supporting function of the second rib 11221 is automatically realized when the fire-resistant filter element 112 is installed. That is, after the fire-resistant filter element 112 is installed in place, the second rib 11221 will naturally contact and abut against the electrode assembly 12, without the need for secondary alignment during assembly, which helps to simplify the assembly process of the battery cell 10.

[0070] In other embodiments, the filter section 1121 and the electrode assembly 12 may also be arranged in other ways. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0071] Please refer to the following: Figure 11 and Figure 12 In some embodiments, within the receiving cavity 1111, the cell housing 111 is provided with a mounting groove 1115 on the side facing the electrode assembly 12. The mounting groove 1115 is configured to communicate with the exhaust passage 1113, and the fire-resistant filter element 112 is at least partially installed in the mounting groove 1115.

[0072] By embedding the refractory filter element 112 into the cell housing 111, the space occupied by the refractory filter element 112 inside the cell housing 111 can be reduced, thereby reducing the impact on the overall volume of the cell 10 and helping to maintain the volume of the cell 10.

[0073] In some embodiments, the fire-resistant filter 112 has a first surface 1123 and a second surface 1124 disposed opposite to each other. The first surface 1123 faces the exhaust channel 1113, and the second surface 1124 is flush with the inner wall of the cell housing 111.

[0074] By setting the second surface 1124 of the fire-resistant filter element 112 to be flush with the inner wall of the cell housing 111 (that is, the fire-resistant filter element 112 is completely embedded in the cell housing 111), the impact of the fire-resistant filter element 112 on the overall volume of the cell 10 can be reduced more effectively. There is no need to make additional adjustments to the dimensions of the cell housing 111 and the electrode assembly 12, such as increasing the height of the cell housing 111 or decreasing the height of the electrode assembly 12.

[0075] Please see Figure 12 In some embodiments, the second surface 1124 is configured as an arc surface, and the opening of the arc surface is away from the receiving cavity 1111.

[0076] By constructing the second surface 1124 of the refractory filter element 112 as an arc surface, firstly, it can prevent solid particles from shooting perpendicularly towards the refractory filter element 112, thereby reducing the heat generated at the moment of collision between solid particles and the refractory filter element 112, and better improving the safety of the battery cell 10; secondly, it can disperse the forces (such as the impact force of solid particles) on the refractory filter element 112, thereby reducing the risk of deformation and damage to the refractory filter element 112.

[0077] Please see Figure 13 In some embodiments, the wall of the via 11211 is configured as a slope 11212. When solid particles are intercepted by the via 11211, the solid particles can slide down the slope 11212.

[0078] By constructing the hole wall of the through hole 11211 as a slope 11212, the risk of fixed particles getting stuck in the through hole 11211 can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of the through hole 11211 being blocked by solid particles. This helps to ensure the stable blocking of solid particles accompanying the gas discharge by the refractory filter element 112.

[0079] In some embodiments, the refractory filter element 112 is constructed as a non-metallic component. On the one hand, the refractory filter element 112 can utilize the low coefficient of thermal expansion of non-metals to maintain the integrity of its structure in high-temperature environments (specifically above 1000°C) under thermal runaway conditions. On the other hand, the non-metallic refractory filter element 112 is not easily ignited, which helps to improve the safety of the battery cell 10.

[0080] In some embodiments, the refractory filter element 112 is a basalt fiber filter element, which has strong high-temperature resistance and is environmentally friendly and non-toxic. In some embodiments, the refractory filter element 112 is an aluminosilicate fiber filter element, which has strong thermal shock resistance and is not easily broken. In some embodiments, the refractory filter element 112 is a glass fiber cloth filter element, which is lightweight, easy to cut, and inexpensive. In some embodiments, the refractory filter element 112 is a high-silica fiber filter element, which has strong ablation resistance.

[0081] In other embodiments, the refractory filter element 112 may also be of other suitable structures and materials. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0082] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any appropriate changes and variations made to the above embodiments within the essential spirit and scope of this application fall within the scope of this application's disclosure.

Claims

1. A housing assembly applied to a single battery cell, the single battery cell comprising an electrode assembly and an explosion-proof valve, characterized in that, The housing assembly includes: The battery cell housing has a receiving cavity and an assembly part. The receiving cavity is configured to install the electrode assembly, and the assembly part is configured to install the explosion-proof valve. The battery cell housing has an exhaust channel that connects the explosion-proof valve and the receiving cavity. A fire-resistant filter element is installed inside the battery cell housing and at least partially fills the exhaust channel. The fire-resistant filter element is configured to allow gas generated when the battery cell is vented, and to block solid particles that accompany the gas from passing through.

2. The housing assembly of claim 1, wherein, The first direction is defined as the direction of gas flow. The refractory filter includes a filter section with densely arranged through holes. Along the first direction, the projection of the filter section at least partially overlaps with the projection of the exhaust channel.

3. The housing assembly of claim 2, wherein, Along the first direction, the projection of the exhaust passage is located within the projection range of the filter section.

4. The housing assembly of claim 3, wherein, Along the first direction, the filter section is configured to be spaced apart from the electrode assembly.

5. The housing assembly of claim 4, wherein, Within the receiving cavity, the battery cell housing is provided with a first rib, which is configured to abut against the electrode assembly so that the filter section and the electrode assembly are spaced apart.

6. The housing assembly of claim 4, wherein, The refractory filter element further includes a mounting portion connected to the filter section, the mounting portion being connected to the battery cell housing; the mounting portion is provided with a second rib on the side facing the receiving cavity, the second rib being configured to abut against the electrode assembly, so that the filter section and the electrode assembly are spaced apart.

7. The housing assembly of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, Within the receiving cavity, the battery cell housing has a mounting groove on the side facing the electrode assembly. The mounting groove is configured to communicate with the exhaust channel, and the fire-resistant filter element is at least partially installed within the mounting groove.

8. The housing assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fire-resistant filter element has a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other, the first side facing the exhaust channel, and the second side being flush with the inner wall of the battery cell housing.

9. The housing assembly of claim 8, wherein, The second surface is constructed as an arc surface, and the opening of the arc surface is away from the receiving cavity.

10. The housing assembly of claim 2, wherein, The wall of the via is constructed as an inclined surface; when the solid particles are intercepted by the via, the solid particles can slide down the inclined surface.

11. The housing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractory filter element is constructed as a non-metallic component; the refractory filter element is any one of basalt fiber filter element, aluminosilicate fiber filter element, glass fiber cloth filter element or high silica fiber filter element.

12. An electrochemical cell, characterized by It includes an electrode assembly, an explosion-proof valve, and a housing assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the electrode assembly is installed within the receiving cavity and the explosion-proof valve is installed in the assembly portion.

13. A battery pack, characterized by It includes a housing and a battery cell as described in claim 12, wherein the battery cell is installed within the housing.

14. An energy storage device, comprising: It includes a housing and a battery pack as described in claim 13, wherein the battery pack is installed in the housing.

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