Battery pack internal support framework structure and battery pack

Abstract

This invention discloses an internal support frame structure for a battery pack and the battery pack itself, belonging to the technical field of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems. The support frame structure adopts a multi-level modular design, including a main support layer, an auxiliary support layer, and an energy absorption layer. The main support layer uses longitudinal and transverse support beams to form a frame, bearing the main load; the auxiliary support layer integrates heat dissipation channels, providing auxiliary support while also achieving heat dissipation; the energy absorption layer adopts a controllable deformation structure, absorbing energy through plastic deformation under impact conditions. The layers are connected in a nested manner, ensuring connection strength while achieving modular assembly. This invention significantly improves space utilization and heat dissipation efficiency, and enhances impact resistance and sealing reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, specifically to an internal support frame structure for a battery pack and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] Current battery pack internal support structures primarily employ the following technical solutions. First, there's the traditional through-mount structure, which uses mounting points running from bottom to top along the entire height of the battery pack. Correspondingly, through holes are needed in the battery pack base plate, cooling plate, and battery pack frame beams. Second, there's the frame-type support structure, which uses crossbeams and longitudinal beams to form a rigid frame, with the battery cell modules installed inside the frame. Third, there's the plate-type support structure, which uses independent support plates to support the battery cells, with the support plates in direct contact with the bottom wall of the housing.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent application CN102881854A discloses a battery structure with multiple battery cells. This structure includes upper and lower casings mounted on the upper and lower sides of the battery, and end casings covering both ends of the battery. The battery casing consists of a middle section and two cover plates. However, in this structure, the battery is confined within the middle section and is not completely fixed, which makes it easy for the batteries to move around and for the battery electrodes to detach, affecting the battery's usability. Another common support structure uses L-shaped angle irons as support brackets, especially in energy storage compartments, but this results in greater resistance during assembly and disassembly, and is prone to surface damage.

[0004] A thorough analysis of existing technologies reveals several significant drawbacks in current battery pack internal support frame structures: First, traditional through-type mounting structures require substantial space, significantly reducing battery pack space utilization and impacting overall vehicle range. Second, the need for through holes in the battery pack base plate, cooling plate, and frame beams results in numerous sealing areas, compromising sealing performance and allowing moisture and dust to easily enter the battery pack, posing safety hazards. Third, existing support structures generally lack effective energy absorption mechanisms; when the battery pack is subjected to external impacts, the impact force is directly transferred to the cells, potentially causing structural deformation and compromising safety. Fourth, existing support structures are insufficiently optimized for battery pack heat dissipation, relying solely on thermal pads. This ineffective heat dissipation when the battery is overheating can lead to excessively high battery temperatures, affecting battery performance and lifespan. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a novel battery pack internal support frame structure that can achieve lightweight, compact design, and efficient heat dissipation while maintaining structural strength and safety, and simultaneously improving the structure's impact resistance and sealing reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an internal support frame structure for a battery pack and a battery pack.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objective, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an internal support skeleton structure for a battery pack, comprising a multi-level modular support architecture, wherein the multi-level modular support architecture includes at least a main support layer, an auxiliary support layer, and an energy absorption layer; The main support layer includes longitudinal support beams and transverse support beams. The longitudinal and transverse support beams are interconnected to form a frame structure, which is used to bear the main load of the battery pack and provide an installation reference. The longitudinal and transverse support beams are welded into a single structure. The auxiliary support layer includes an intermediate support plate and heat dissipation channels integrated inside the intermediate support plate. The intermediate support plate is installed above the main support layer frame to provide auxiliary support and integrate thermal management functions. The heat dissipation channels are serpentine paths or grid-like channel structures for the flow of cooling medium. The energy absorption layer includes multiple energy absorption units arranged on the upper surface of the intermediate support plate. Each energy absorption unit corresponds to a battery cell or battery cell module. The energy absorption unit adopts a controllable deformation structure, including a honeycomb structure or a corrugated plate structure, to absorb energy through plastic deformation under impact conditions.

[0007] Preferably, the longitudinal support beam has an I-shaped or channel-shaped cross section and is made of aluminum alloy extruded profiles or stainless steel profiles; the transverse support beam has a channel-shaped or rectangular hollow structure cross section and is made of the same or different material as the longitudinal support beam.

[0008] Preferably, the heat dissipation channel has a circular or rectangular cross-section. When the cross-section is circular, the diameter is 6-10 mm; when the cross-section is rectangular, the dimensions are (8-12 mm) × (12-18 mm). The inlet end of the heat dissipation channel is connected to a cooling medium input device, and the outlet end is connected to a cooling medium output device. The cooling medium includes liquid cooling medium or gaseous cooling medium. The heat dissipation channel is connected to the intermediate support plate by brazing, extrusion casting or integral molding to ensure good heat conduction performance; when the heat dissipation channel is a liquid cooling channel, the inner wall of the channel is provided with a turbulent flow structure to enhance the heat exchange effect.

[0009] Preferably, when the energy absorption unit is an aluminum honeycomb structure, the honeycomb aperture is 4-8mm and the height is 12-20mm; when the energy absorption unit is a corrugated plate structure, the corrugation height is 6-10mm and the corrugation spacing is 10-15mm; the energy absorption unit is attached to the intermediate support plate with thermally conductive adhesive, and each energy absorption unit corresponds to one battery cell.

[0010] Preferably, the edge of the intermediate support plate is provided with a folded edge, the height of which is 8-12mm, which matches the edge of the main support layer frame; the intermediate support plate and the main support layer frame are connected by rivets, bolts or spot welding, and the distance between the connection points is 40-60mm.

[0011] Preferably, the longitudinal and transverse support beams of the main support layer are made of aluminum alloy 6063-T5 or stainless steel 304; the intermediate support plate of the auxiliary support layer is made of aluminum-magnesium alloy, galvanized steel plate or carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite material; and the energy absorption unit of the energy absorption layer is made of aluminum, steel or titanium alloy.

[0012] The present invention also provides a battery pack, including the above-mentioned internal support frame structure of the battery pack, and further including a battery pack shell, a cell module, a battery management system and a thermal management system; The battery cell module is installed above the energy absorption layer and is precisely aligned using positioning pins. The battery pack casing is connected to the main support frame to form a complete battery pack structure.

[0013] Preferably, a thermal pad is provided between the battery cell module and the energy absorption unit. The thermal pad has a thickness of 1-3 mm and a thermal conductivity of 1-5 W / (m·K) to ensure the effective transfer of heat from the battery cell to the energy absorption unit. The battery pack casing is sealed to the main support frame with a sealing strip made of silicone or rubber with a compression ratio of 20%-40% and a protection level of IP67 or higher.

[0014] Preferably, the battery pack is used in pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or energy storage power stations. When used in pure electric vehicles, liquid cooling is used, with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol as the cooling medium. When used in energy storage power stations, air cooling is used, with air as the cooling medium.

[0015] Preferably, the battery management system includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and an acceleration sensor, which are arranged in different locations inside the battery pack to monitor the working status of the battery pack in real time; when the impact acceleration detected exceeds a preset threshold, the battery management system triggers safety protection measures.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in: This invention significantly improves space utilization and heat dissipation efficiency through a multi-level modular design. Different functions are allocated to the main support layer, auxiliary support layer, and energy absorption layer, with each layer employing an optimized cross-sectional design to reduce structural size while ensuring performance. Regarding heat dissipation, the integrated thermal management design integrates the heat dissipation channel with the support structure, greatly shortening the heat transfer path from the cell to the cooling medium and significantly reducing thermal resistance. In terms of impact resistance, the energy absorption layer undergoes controlled deformation under impact conditions, converting most of the impact energy into deformation energy, significantly reducing the impact force transmitted to the cell. Attached Figure Description

[0017] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-level architecture of the internal support skeleton structure of the battery pack provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main support layer of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary support layer of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the heat transfer and impact force transfer paths provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: Main support layer 100, auxiliary support layer 200, energy absorption layer 300 Longitudinal support beam 10, transverse support beam 20; 30. Middle support plate; 31. Heat dissipation channel; 32. Folded edge; Energy absorption unit 40, battery pack shell 50, sealing strip 51, cell module 60, thermal pad 61. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of them. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0019] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0020] Furthermore, "multiple" refers to two or more. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of a person skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the invention.

[0021] This embodiment provides an internal support frame structure for a battery pack, suitable for power battery packs in pure electric vehicles. The battery pack uses ternary lithium batteries with a total capacity of 80kWh and a rated voltage of 400V, and employs a water-cooling method for heat dissipation.

[0022] Overall Structure The support frame structure in this embodiment adopts a multi-level modular design, including three functional levels: a main support layer, an auxiliary support layer, and an energy absorption layer. The main support layer bears the main load, the auxiliary support layer provides local support and thermal management channels, and the energy absorption layer absorbs energy through controlled deformation under impact conditions.

[0023] Main support layer structure The main support layer is constructed using a high-rigidity material, specifically extruded aluminum alloy profiles, with a material grade of 6063-T5. The main support layer includes longitudinal and transverse support beams. The longitudinal support beams have an "I"-shaped cross-section, while the transverse support beams have a "channel"-shaped cross-section. The longitudinal and transverse support beams are welded together to form a rigid frame.

[0024] The welding method used is MIG welding, with a weld leg size of 3mm, a welding current of 120-150A, a welding speed of 30-40cm / min, and argon as the shielding gas. Before welding, the beam ends are cleaned and tack welded for positioning. After welding, the weld is visually inspected and dimensionally corrected to ensure that the flatness of the frame is within 0.5mm / m.

[0025] Auxiliary support layer structure The auxiliary support layer includes an intermediate support plate and heat dissipation channels integrated within it. The intermediate support plate is made of aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet with a thickness of 3mm. The edges of the support plate are folded, with a fold height of 10mm, to mate with the edges of the main support layer frame for positioning. The support plate is connected to the frame by rivets spaced 50mm apart.

[0026] The heat dissipation channel is embedded inside the intermediate support plate. The channel has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 8mm. The heat dissipation channel is arranged in a serpentine path with a total length of 3.5m, ensuring sufficient heat exchange area. One end of the heat dissipation channel is connected to the water inlet, and the other end is connected to the water outlet. The cooling medium is a mixture of water and ethylene glycol. The heat dissipation channel is brazed to the support plate to ensure good heat conduction performance.

[0027] Energy absorption layer structure The energy absorption layer adopts an aluminum honeycomb structure with a honeycomb aperture of 6mm and a height of 15mm. The energy absorption units are attached to the central support plate with thermally conductive adhesive, with one energy absorption unit corresponding to each cell.

[0028] Assembly method The assembly steps of the supporting frame structure in this embodiment are as follows: Step 1: Prefabricate the main support layer components. Cut the aluminum alloy profiles to the designed length and machine the welding bevels at the beam ends.

[0029] Step Two: Assemble the main support layer frame. Place the longitudinal and transverse support beams on the welding fixture according to the design positions and fix them with clamps. First, perform spot welding for positioning, then perform continuous welding. The welding sequence should proceed symmetrically from the middle to both ends to reduce welding deformation. After welding, grind the weld seams and correct the flatness of the frame.

[0030] Step 3: Install the auxiliary support layer. Place the intermediate support plate above the main support layer frame, with the edge of the support plate embedded in the guide groove of the frame for positioning. The support plate is connected to the frame with rivets to ensure a reliable connection.

[0031] Step 4: Integrate the heat dissipation channel. The heat dissipation channel is pre-embedded inside the middle support plate, with one end connected to the water inlet and the other end connected to the water outlet.

[0032] Step 5: Arrange the energy absorption units. Attach the aluminum honeycomb structure energy absorption units to the central support plate, with one energy absorption unit corresponding to the bottom of each battery cell.

[0033] Step Six: Install the battery cell module. Place the battery cell module above the energy absorption unit and align it precisely using the locating pins. Connect the battery cell module to the supporting structure with bolts, keeping the bolt torque within the range of 8-10 N·m.

[0034] Working principle The working principle of this embodiment is based on structural mechanics and heat conduction theory.

[0035] Under load-bearing conditions, the rigid frame of the main support layer evenly distributes the load to the battery pack housing, avoiding stress concentration. The "I"-shaped and "groove"-shaped cross-sections of the longitudinal and transverse support beams have excellent bending and torsional stiffness, capable of withstanding the weight of the battery cell modules and vehicle vibration loads.

[0036] Under heat dissipation conditions, the thermal management channels in the auxiliary support layer rapidly dissipate the heat generated by the battery cell, which is then carried away by the cooling medium. The heat transfer path is: heat generated by the battery cell → energy absorption unit → intermediate support plate → inner wall of the heat dissipation channel → cooling medium. Because the heat dissipation channel is directly integrated into the support plate, the heat transfer path is greatly shortened, the thermal resistance is significantly reduced, and the heat dissipation efficiency is greatly improved.

[0037] Under impact conditions, the energy absorption layer deforms first, converting the impact kinetic energy into deformation energy, thereby protecting the battery cell from excessive impact force. The impact force transmission path is: external impact force → battery pack casing → main support layer → energy absorption unit → residual impact force → battery cell. The aluminum honeycomb structure undergoes progressive crushing deformation under impact, converting the impact energy into plastic deformation energy, significantly reducing the impact force transmitted to the battery cell.

[0038] Performance parameters The main performance parameters of the supporting frame structure in this embodiment are as follows: Structural weight: 25% lighter than traditional structures Space occupied: 18% less than traditional structures Heat dissipation performance: Under the same heat generation conditions, the maximum temperature of the battery cell is reduced by approximately 8°C compared to traditional solutions. Shock resistance: Under the impact conditions specified in GB / T 31467.3-2015, the maximum acceleration experienced by the battery cell is reduced by approximately 40% compared to traditional structures. Protection rating: IP67 Assembly efficiency: 50% higher than traditional structures. Manufacturing cost: 20% lower than traditional structures Example

[0039] This embodiment provides an internal support frame structure for a battery pack, suitable for battery packs in energy storage power stations. The battery pack uses lithium iron phosphate batteries with a total capacity of 200kWh and a rated voltage of 800V, and employs air cooling.

[0040] Overall Structure The support frame structure in this embodiment also adopts a multi-level modular design, including three functional levels: a main support layer, an auxiliary support layer, and an energy absorption layer. Considering the characteristics of the energy storage battery pack, the materials and structural parameters of each level have been adjusted accordingly.

[0041] Main support layer structure The main support layer is made of stainless steel, grade 304. The support beams have a rectangular hollow cross-section with a wall thickness of 2mm. The longitudinal and transverse support beams are directly welded into a single structure using laser welding. The welding parameters are set as follows: power 3.5kW, welding speed 15mm / s, shielding gas argon, flow rate 20L / min. Before welding, the beam end faces are precision machined to ensure a fit clearance of less than 0.1mm. After welding, the weld is smooth and requires no additional grinding.

[0042] Auxiliary support layer structure The auxiliary support layer is made of galvanized steel sheet with a thickness of 2.5mm. The support plate is formed by stamping, and the heat dissipation channel is integrally formed with the support plate, with grooves formed on the support plate by stamping. The grooves are 8mm deep and 15mm wide, and are distributed in a grid pattern on the surface of the support plate to ensure uniform heat dissipation. An axial flow fan with an airflow of 300CFM is installed on one side of the support plate.

[0043] Energy absorption layer structure The energy-absorbing layer employs a corrugated plate structure made of low-carbon steel. The corrugated plates are spot-welded to the support plate, with each unit measuring 50mm x 50mm. The corrugation direction of the plates is perpendicular to the surface of the support plate, ensuring plastic deformation along the corrugation direction upon impact.

[0044] The design of the corrugated plate energy absorption unit is based on quasi-static compression test results. By adjusting the geometric parameters of the corrugated plate (corrugation height, corrugation spacing, and plate thickness), its mechanical response can be precisely controlled. In this embodiment, the corrugated plate height is 8mm, the corrugation spacing is 12mm, the plate thickness is 0.8mm, and the average compressive force is designed to be 15kN, which can provide effective energy absorption under most impact conditions.

[0045] Assembly method The assembly steps of the supporting frame structure in this embodiment are as follows: Step 1: Construct the main support frame. Use stainless steel tubing to fabricate longitudinal and transverse support beams, with laser-cut joints at the beam ends.

[0046] Step Two: Frame Assembly and Welding. Place the support beams on the welding fixture and connect them using laser welding. The welding sequence is to first weld the corners, then perform the intermediate reinforcement welding. After welding, inspect the weld quality and straighten the frame.

[0047] Step 3: Install the auxiliary support layer. Place the galvanized steel sheet stamped support plate onto the main support layer frame. The support plate has a folded edge design with a fold height of 10mm, which matches the edge of the frame. The support plate and the frame are connected by spot welding with a weld spacing of 50mm.

[0048] Step 4: Arrange the air-cooled heat dissipation channel. The heat dissipation channel is integrally formed with the support plate, and grooves are formed on the support plate through a stamping process. An axial flow fan is installed on one side of the support plate.

[0049] Step 5: Install the corrugated plate energy absorption unit. The corrugated plate is fixed to the support plate by spot welding, and each corrugated plate unit corresponds to one battery module.

[0050] Step Six: Battery Module Installation. Place the battery modules on top of the corrugated plate and connect them to the supporting structure with bolts. Considering the significant weight of the energy storage battery pack, the bolt specification is increased to M10, and the torque is controlled within the range of 25-30 N·m.

[0051] Working principle The working principle of this embodiment is similar to that of Embodiment 1, but the thermal management method differs. This embodiment uses air cooling, with air as the cooling medium. The heat transfer path is: heat generated by the battery module → corrugated plate energy absorption unit → support plate → surface of the heat dissipation channel groove → flowing air.

[0052] The forced convection generated by the axial flow fan causes air to flow through the heat dissipation channels, carrying away heat. The grid-like distribution of the heat dissipation channels ensures uniform airflow distribution and avoids localized overheating. CFD simulations and experimental verification show that this air-cooled design can maintain the battery temperature within a safe range under energy storage conditions.

[0053] Under impact conditions, the corrugated plate structure first undergoes plastic deformation, and the corrugations gradually collapse, converting the impact energy into deformation energy. The deformation mode of the corrugated plate is controllable, and the energy absorption curve can be precisely controlled by adjusting the corrugation parameters to ensure that the impact force transmitted to the battery module during the impact process does not exceed the safety limit.

[0054] Performance parameters The main performance parameters of the supporting frame structure in this embodiment are as follows: Structural weight: 22% lighter than traditional structures Space occupied: 15% less than traditional structures Heat dissipation performance: The surface temperature difference of the battery module does not exceed 5℃. Impact resistance: Under impact conditions, the maximum impact force experienced by the battery module is reduced by approximately 35% compared to traditional structures. Protection rating: IP65 Assembly efficiency: 45% higher than traditional structures. Manufacturing costs: 18% lower than traditional structures. Noise level: The noise level of the fan is below 60dB when it is working. Example

[0055] This embodiment provides a support frame structure for a hybrid electric vehicle battery pack, which takes into account the characteristics of both power-type and energy-type batteries.

[0056] Main support layer structure The main support layer is made of titanium alloy, grade TC4. Titanium alloy has excellent specific strength and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for the high-vibration environment of hybrid vehicles. The support beam has an "I"-shaped cross-section and is formed by forging. The longitudinal and transverse support beams are connected by TIG welding with a welding current of 90-110A, a welding speed of 20-30mm / min, and pure argon as the shielding gas. After welding, the weld is pickled and passivated to restore its corrosion resistance.

[0057] Auxiliary support layer structure The auxiliary support layer is made of composite materials, including carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites (CFRP). The support plate incorporates phase change material (PCM) to improve the uniformity of thermal management. The heat dissipation channels employ a microchannel structure with a channel diameter of 2-3 mm, featuring a large number of channels and a large heat exchange area.

[0058] Energy absorption layer structure The energy absorption layer adopts a lattice structure and is manufactured using 3D printing technology. The unit of the lattice structure is a tetrahedral structure with a node diameter of 1 mm and a rod diameter of 0.5 mm.

[0059] Features The features of this embodiment are: the use of titanium alloy and composite materials to further reduce weight; the use of phase change materials to improve the uniformity and stability of thermal management; the use of a lattice structure to improve the designability of energy absorption; and the use of a composite connection of bolted and adhesive bonding to avoid electrochemical corrosion. Example

[0060] The comparative analysis of the three embodiments is as follows: Table 1 Comparison of main parameters of each embodiment Application scenarios pure electric vehicles Energy storage power station hybrid electric vehicle Main support layer material 6063-T5 aluminum alloy 304 stainless steel Titanium Alloy TC4 Auxiliary support layer material Aluminum-magnesium alloy galvanized steel sheet CFRP composite materials Heat dissipation method Liquid cooling (water + ethylene glycol) Air-cooled (forced convection) Liquid cooling (microchannel) + PCM Energy absorption structure Aluminum honeycomb Corrugated board lattice structure Structural weight reduction 25% 22% 28% Improved heat dissipation performance Cell temperature dropped by 8℃ Temperature difference ≤ 5℃ Temperature uniformity improved by 40% Improved impact resistance Acceleration reduced by 40% Impact force reduced by 35% Acceleration reduced by 45% Protection level IP67 IP65 IP67 Applicable battery types ternary lithium battery Lithium iron phosphate batteries Power type + Energy type The comparison shows that the multi-level modular support frame structure of the present invention has good adaptability and scalability. It can flexibly select the materials and structural parameters of each level according to different application scenarios and needs to achieve optimal performance configuration.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack internal support skeleton structure, characterized by, It includes a multi-level modular support architecture, which includes at least a main support layer (100), an auxiliary support layer (200), and an energy absorption layer (300). The main support layer (100) includes longitudinal support beams (10) and transverse support beams (20). The longitudinal support beams (10) and transverse support beams (20) are connected to each other to form a frame structure, which is used to bear the main load of the battery pack and provide an installation reference. The longitudinal support beams (10) and transverse support beams (20) are welded into an integral structure. The auxiliary support layer (200) includes an intermediate support plate (30) and a heat dissipation channel (31) integrated inside the intermediate support plate (30). The intermediate support plate (30) is installed above the frame of the main support layer (100) to provide auxiliary support and integrate thermal management functions. The heat dissipation channel (31) is a serpentine path or a grid-like channel structure for the flow of cooling medium. The energy absorption layer (300) includes multiple energy absorption units (40), which are arranged on the upper surface of the intermediate support plate (30). Each energy absorption unit (40) corresponds to a battery cell or battery cell module. The energy absorption unit (40) adopts a controllable deformation structure, including a honeycomb structure or a corrugated plate structure, for absorbing energy through plastic deformation under impact conditions.

2. The internal support frame structure of the battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal support beam (10) has an I-shaped or channel-shaped cross section and is made of aluminum alloy extruded profile or stainless steel profile; the transverse support beam (20) has a channel-shaped or rectangular hollow structure cross section and is made of the same or different material as the longitudinal support beam (10).

3. The battery pack internal support skeleton structure of claim 1, wherein, The heat dissipation channel (31) has a circular or rectangular cross-section. When the cross-section is circular, the diameter is 6-10 mm. When the cross-section is rectangular, the size is (8-12 mm) × (12-18 mm). The inlet end of the heat dissipation channel (31) is connected to a cooling medium input device, and the outlet end is connected to a cooling medium output device. The cooling medium includes liquid cooling medium or gaseous cooling medium. The heat dissipation channel (31) is connected to the intermediate support plate (30) by brazing, extrusion casting or integral molding to ensure good heat conduction performance; when the heat dissipation channel (31) is a liquid cooling channel, the inner wall of the channel is provided with a turbulent flow structure to enhance the heat exchange effect.

4. The battery pack internal support skeleton structure of claim 1, wherein, When the energy absorption unit (40) is an aluminum honeycomb structure, the honeycomb aperture is 4-8mm and the height is 12-20mm; when the energy absorption unit (40) is a corrugated plate structure, the corrugation height is 6-10mm and the corrugation spacing is 10-15mm; the energy absorption unit (40) is attached to the intermediate support plate (30) with thermally conductive adhesive, and each energy absorption unit (40) corresponds to one battery cell.

5. The battery pack internal support skeleton structure of claim 1, wherein, The edge of the intermediate support plate (30) is provided with a folded edge (32), the height of which is 8-12mm, and it cooperates with the edge of the main support layer (100) frame; the intermediate support plate (30) and the main support layer (100) frame are connected by rivets, bolts or spot welding, and the distance between the connection points is 40-60mm.

6. The battery pack internal support skeleton structure of claim 1, wherein, The longitudinal support beam (10) and transverse support beam (20) of the main support layer (100) are made of aluminum alloy 6063-T5 or stainless steel 304; the intermediate support plate (30) of the auxiliary support layer (200) is made of aluminum-magnesium alloy, galvanized steel plate or carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite material; the energy absorption unit (40) of the energy absorption layer (300) is made of aluminum, steel or titanium alloy.

7. A battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack includes the internal support frame structure as described in any one of claims 1-6, and further includes a battery pack shell (50), a cell module (60), a battery management system, and a thermal management system; The battery cell module (60) is installed above the energy absorption layer (300) and is precisely aligned by a positioning pin; The battery pack outer shell (50) is connected to the main support layer (100) frame to form a complete battery pack structure.

8. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein, A thermal pad (61) is provided between the battery cell module (60) and the energy absorption unit (40). The thermal pad (61) has a thickness of 1-3 mm and a thermal conductivity of 1-5 W / (m·K) to ensure the effective transfer of heat from the battery cell to the energy absorption unit (40). The battery pack outer shell (50) and the main support layer (100) frame are sealed by a sealing strip (51). The sealing strip (51) is made of silicone or rubber, with a compression of 20%-40%, and a protection level of IP67 or higher.

9. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein, The battery pack is used in pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or energy storage power stations. When used in pure electric vehicles, it employs liquid cooling with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol as the cooling medium. When used in energy storage power stations, it employs air cooling with air as the cooling medium.

10. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein, The battery management system includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and an acceleration sensor. These sensors are arranged in different locations inside the battery pack to monitor the working status of the battery pack in real time. When an impact acceleration exceeding a preset threshold is detected, the battery management system triggers safety protection measures.

Images