A battery and battery energy storage system

Abstract

This application provides a battery and a battery energy storage system, relating to the field of battery technology. The battery includes a housing, multiple battery cells, a flow guide, a pressure relief valve, and a storage tank. Multiple battery cells are housed within the housing, and each battery cell includes an explosion-proof valve. The flow guide is located within the housing and has a flow channel with an inlet and a connecting port, spaced apart, and the connecting port is opposite to the explosion-proof valve in a first direction. The pressure relief valve passes through the connecting port, with at least a portion of the valve located within the flow channel. The pressure relief valve has an open state and a closed state. When the pressure relief valve is open, the valve port of the explosion-proof valve is connected to the flow channel; when the pressure relief valve is closed, the valve port is not connected to the flow channel. The storage tank is used to store a fire extinguishing agent and is connected to the inlet. By adopting the above structure, thermal runaway propagation can be suppressed, space within the battery housing can be saved, and the volumetric energy density of the battery can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a battery and a battery energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Batteries typically consist of multiple individual cells. When these cells are subjected to thermal, electrical, or mechanical abuse, a chain reaction of redox reactions occurs within them, releasing heat and generating fumes, which increases the internal pressure. When this pressure reaches the opening pressure of the cell's explosion-proof valve, high-temperature fumes are ejected from the valve's outlet. If this process is not effectively intervened and protected against, thermal runaway can occur within the battery, leading to a major fire accident. This directly impacts the personal safety of personnel involved, causes significant property damage, and presents a significant challenge to firefighters.

[0003] Therefore, the safety of battery energy storage systems is a bottleneck affecting the development of electrochemical energy storage. How to effectively solve the safety problems of energy storage systems and propose reliable solutions has become the focus of attention for the entire industry.

[0004] In related technologies, in order to prevent the high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of a single battery cell from spreading to other battery cells in the battery, an exhaust channel is designed to discharge the flue gas. However, the complex pipeline design occupies a large amount of space inside the battery and reduces the volumetric energy density of the battery.

[0005] Therefore, how to prevent the spread of thermal runaway in individual battery cells while ensuring the volumetric energy density of the battery has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current technological field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a battery and a battery energy storage system that can suppress the spread of thermal runaway, save space inside the battery casing, and ensure the volumetric energy density of the battery.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions: In one aspect, a battery is provided, which includes a housing and multiple battery cells, all of which are housed within the housing, and each battery cell includes an explosion-proof valve.

[0008] The battery also includes a flow guide, a pressure relief valve, and a storage tank. The flow guide is located in the housing and has a flow channel. The flow channel has an inlet and a connecting port. The connecting port and the inlet are spaced apart, and the connecting port is opposite to the explosion-proof valve in the first direction.

[0009] The pressure relief valve is installed at the connection port, and at least a portion of the pressure relief valve is located within the flow channel. The pressure relief valve has an open state and a closed state. When the pressure relief valve is in the open state, the valve port of the explosion-proof valve is connected to the flow channel; when the pressure relief valve is in the closed state, the valve port is not connected to the flow channel.

[0010] The storage tank is used to store the extinguishing agent and is connected to the inlet. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the storage tank can release the extinguishing agent. The extinguishing agent enters the guide channel through the inlet and mixes with the high-temperature smoke gas in the guide channel to achieve the effect of suppressing combustion and explosion. Furthermore, each battery cell's explosion-proof valve has a corresponding pressure relief valve. The high-temperature smoke generated by the thermal runaway of a battery cell can be discharged into the guide channel through the corresponding pressure relief valve to avoid affecting other battery cells, thus suppressing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0011] In addition, the pressure of the extinguishing agent can push the high-temperature smoke towards the outlet of the guide channel to achieve the effect of directional smoke exhaust.

[0012] In this way, the high-temperature fumes generated by battery thermal runaway and the fire extinguishing agent released from the storage tank are discharged through the guide channel, avoiding the design of complex pipeline structures inside the box. This avoids the complex pipeline structures occupying space inside the box, making effective use of the space inside the box and helping to improve the volumetric energy density of the battery.

[0013] Furthermore, when multiple batteries are combined into a battery cluster or battery energy storage system, since each battery has the aforementioned flow channel, the above-mentioned effects can be achieved regardless of whether multiple batteries are stacked in any direction. Therefore, the arrangement of multiple batteries can be flexibly configured according to actual needs (such as storage space).

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the flow guide is located inside the housing and on the side of the battery cell facing the top plate of the housing; the flow guide has a flow guide groove, the groove opening and the bottom wall of the groove are opposite to each other in the first direction, and the top plate blocks the groove opening to form a flow guide channel; a connecting hole communicating with the flow guide groove is provided on the bottom wall of the groove, and the connecting hole has a connecting opening.

[0015] By sealing the slot opening with the top plate, which acts as a cover for the flow channel, the number of structural components inside the battery can be reduced, enabling effective use of the space inside the battery and improving the volumetric energy density of the battery.

[0016] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the battery further includes a first seal disposed between the flow guide and the top plate to seal the gap between the flow guide and the top plate. By providing the first seal, the airtightness of the flow guide channel can be ensured, preventing high-temperature flue gas in the flow guide channel from leaking into the battery compartment through the gap between the flow guide and the top plate, thus affecting other battery cells in the battery compartment.

[0017] In addition, by setting up the aforementioned first sealing element, the overall airtightness of the battery can be improved. During the continuous injection of extinguishing agent into the flow channel and the continuous discharge of high-temperature smoke from the outlet of the flow channel, the battery casing maintains a positive pressure state, and the internal air pressure is higher than the external atmospheric pressure. Oxygen from the external environment cannot enter the casing through gaps, thus suppressing the ignition and combustion of flammable smoke at the source and reducing the probability of battery fire.

[0018] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the pressure relief valve includes a first pipe body and a movable plate. The first pipe body is located in a flow channel and extends along a first direction. A guide groove is provided on the wall of the first pipe body. The guide groove penetrates the pipe wall along the thickness direction and has a limiting surface facing away from the explosion-proof valve.

[0019] The movable plate includes a plate body and an extension. The plate body is located inside the first tube, and the extension is connected to the plate body and located on the outer periphery of the plate body. The extension slides with the guide groove and can move along a first direction.

[0020] When the pressure relief valve is closed, the extension abuts against the limiting surface, and the plate blocks the first pipe, isolating the flow channel from the valve port, meaning the two are not connected. When the pressure relief valve is open, the extension is separated from the limiting surface, and the guide groove connects the valve port to the flow channel, allowing gas discharged from the valve port to be discharged into the flow channel through the guide groove.

[0021] Furthermore, due to the aforementioned limiting surface of the guide groove, the pressure relief valve can only be unidirectionally guided through the flow channel from the explosion-proof valve, allowing only high-temperature flue gas to flow unidirectionally from the explosion-proof valve to the flow channel. When the valve port of the explosion-proof valve is not open, the movable plate remains normally closed under the action of gravity, completely isolating the flow channel from the battery compartment and preventing the flue gas in the flow channel from entering the battery compartment through the pressure relief valve. Therefore, it can prevent high-temperature flue gas from contacting other undamaged battery cells and cut off the heat spread path caused by heat convection and heat radiation within the battery compartment.

[0022] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the guide groove extends through the end face of the first tube body away from the battery cell in a first direction. After the battery thermally runs away, the valve port of the explosion-proof valve opens, and a large amount of smoke is ejected from the valve port, driving the movable plate to move in a direction away from the limiting surface. The movable plate can detach from the first tube body, so that the smoke can quickly enter the guide groove through the first tube body.

[0023] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the pressure relief valve further includes a second pipe body connected to and communicating with the first pipe body; the second pipe body passes through the communication port and covers the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve. When the pressure relief valve is switched to the open state, high-temperature flue gas can completely enter the pressure relief valve and enter the guide channel through the second pipe body and the first pipe body, preventing high-temperature flue gas from entering the battery compartment and affecting other battery cells.

[0024] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the battery further includes multiple battery packs arranged at intervals in a second direction. Each battery pack includes multiple battery cells arranged in a third direction; wherein the first, second, and third directions are perpendicular to each other. Multiple flow guides are included, with the number of guides matching the number of battery packs. The multiple flow guide channels are independent and their air paths are not interconnected to prevent high-temperature flue gas generated by thermal runaway of a single battery cell from entering other flow guide channels and affecting other unrunaway battery cells within the battery pack.

[0025] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the battery further includes a first one-way valve connected between the storage tank and the flow guide. The first one-way valve can be unidirectionally opened from the storage tank to the inlet, allowing the extinguishing agent in the storage tank to enter the flow guide channel through the first one-way valve, while the high-temperature flue gas in the flow guide channel cannot enter the storage tank through the first one-way valve.

[0026] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the battery further includes a flue gas treatment device located outside the casing. The flue gas treatment device is located at the end of the guide member away from the storage tank and is connected to the guide channel to purify the flue gas discharged in the guide channel, thereby preventing toxic and harmful gases from directly polluting the environment.

[0027] Secondly, a battery energy storage system is provided, which includes the battery described above. It is understood that the beneficial effects achievable by the battery energy storage system of the second aspect provided above can be referenced to the beneficial effects of the battery in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A perspective view of a battery provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 According to Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the battery is shown. Figure 3 A perspective view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 4A schematic diagram illustrating the fit between the flow guide and the first seal in some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first seal provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pressure relief valve provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 7 According to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery from another angle; Figure 8 According to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery from another angle; Figure 9 A perspective view of a battery provided for other embodiments of this application; Figure 10 According to Figure 9 A partial structural diagram of the battery is shown. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0029] Figure label: 1000. Battery energy storage system; 1001. Energy storage box; 1002. Third check valve; 1003. Exhaust pipe; 1004. Fire sprinkler; 100. Battery; e1. First direction; e2. Second direction; e3. Third direction; 101. Positive electrode; 102. Negative electrode; 1. Enclosure; 11. Top plate; 12. Bottom plate; 13. Side plate; 131. First side plate; 132. Second side plate; 133. Third side plate; 14. Battery compartment; 15. Maintenance switch; 16. Communication interface; 17. Safety valve; 2. Battery pack; 21. Battery cell; 211. Explosion-proof valve; 212. Positive terminal; 213. Negative terminal; 3. Flow guide component; 30. Flow guide channel; 301. Inlet; 31. Frame; 311. Frame body; 312. Flow guide groove; 313. Groove opening; 314. Groove bottom wall; 315. Connecting port; 316. Connecting flange; 32. Cover plate; 4. Pressure relief valve; 41. First pipe body; 411. Guide groove; 42. Second pipe body; 43. Movable plate; 431. Plate body; 432. Extension; 51. Electrical connectors; 52. Fixing strips; 6. Flue gas treatment device; 61. Flue gas collection pipeline; 611. Main pipeline; 612. Branch pipeline; 62. Treatment device; 7. First sealing element; 81. First check valve; 82. Second check valve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0031] In embodiments of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0032] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, the description of "parallel" indicates approximate parallelism within a certain allowable error range, which can be a range where the angle of deviation from absolute parallelism is less than or equal to 5°. The description of "perpendicular" indicates approximate perpendicularity within a certain allowable error range, which can be a range where the angle of deviation from absolute perpendicularity is less than or equal to 5°.

[0033] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0034] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application.

[0035] To facilitate understanding, before providing a detailed description of the batteries in the embodiments of this application, the relevant terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained first.

[0036] Connection: can refer to a direct connection between two structural components or an indirect connection between two structural components. An indirect connection can be a connection achieved through some intermediate medium or method, rather than direct physical contact.

[0037] Orientation: refers to two structural components facing each other directly or at a certain angle.

[0038] Batteries typically consist of multiple individual cells. When these cells are subjected to thermal, electrical, or mechanical abuse, a chain reaction of redox reactions occurs within them, releasing heat and generating fumes, which increases the internal pressure. When this pressure reaches the opening pressure of the cell's explosion-proof valve, high-temperature fumes are ejected from the valve's outlet. These fumes easily permeate the battery pack, causing heat conduction, convection, and radiation, leading to uncontrolled thermal runaway within the battery and potentially triggering a major fire. This directly impacts the safety of personnel, causes significant property damage, and presents a substantial challenge to firefighters.

[0039] Therefore, the safety of battery energy storage systems is a bottleneck affecting the development of electrochemical energy storage. How to effectively solve the safety problems of energy storage systems and propose reliable solutions has become the focus of attention for the entire industry.

[0040] In related technologies, to prevent the high-temperature gases generated by thermal runaway of a single battery cell from spreading to other battery cells, exhaust channels are designed to discharge the flue gas. However, the complex pipe design significantly occupies battery space and reduces the battery's volumetric energy density. Therefore, how to prevent the spread of thermal runaway from a single battery cell while maintaining the battery's volumetric energy density has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current technological field.

[0041] To resolve the above technical issues, please refer to Figures 1-3 , Figure 1 A perspective view of a battery 100 provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 According to Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of the battery 100 shown; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of a battery cell 21 provided in some embodiments of this application. Embodiments of this application provide a battery 100, which includes a housing 1 and multiple battery packs 2. The housing 1 includes a top plate 11, a bottom plate 12, and a side plate 13. The top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 are opposite each other in a first direction e1, and the side plate 13 connects the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12. The housing 1 has a battery compartment 14, and the multiple battery packs 2 are disposed within the battery compartment 14, and the multiple battery packs 2 are arranged at intervals in a second direction e2. Each battery pack 2 includes multiple battery cells 21, and the multiple battery cells 21 in each battery pack 2 are arranged in a third direction e3. The first direction e1, the second direction e2, and the third direction e3 are perpendicular to each other.

[0042] The aforementioned battery 100 is also a battery pack, which can be a lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, etc. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0043] In some embodiments, the base plate 12 may integrate a liquid cooling channel through which coolant flows. The battery cell 21 can be placed on the base plate 12, allowing it to conduct heat to the coolant, thus dissipating heat and reducing the likelihood of thermal runaway. In the event of thermal runaway, some of the heat can be transferred to the coolant, achieving efficient heat removal during thermal runaway.

[0044] The battery 100 may also include a heat insulation layer, which can be disposed between two adjacent battery cells 21 to achieve thermal isolation between different battery cells 21 and reduce the risk of thermal runaway of battery cell 21 spreading to surrounding battery cells 21.

[0045] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 Each battery cell 21 includes a positive terminal 212, a negative terminal 213, and an explosion-proof valve 211. The battery 100 also includes an electrical connector 51 (e.g., a busbar), through which the terminals of two adjacent battery cells 21 are connected in series or in parallel. In some embodiments, the outer surface of the electrical connector 51 is covered with a flame-retardant layer, which has high temperature resistance and insulation properties, and can prevent electrical short circuits caused by conductive dust released from the battery cell 21 during thermal runaway.

[0046] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the flow guide 3 and the first sealing member 7 provided in some embodiments of this application; the battery 100 also includes the flow guide 3, a pressure relief valve 4, and a storage tank (not shown in the figure), the storage tank being used to store fire extinguishing agent. The flow guide 3 is disposed on the housing 1, and the battery cell 21 is disposed on the bottom plate 12. The flow guide 3 and the battery cell 21 can be arranged in the first direction e1. The flow guide 3 has a flow channel 30, which has an inlet 301 and a connecting port 315. The connecting port 315 and the inlet 301 are spaced apart, that is, the connecting port 315 and the inlet 301 are different openings. For example, the inlet 301 can be opened at the upper end of the flow guide 3 in the third direction e3, and the flow channel 30 also has an outlet, which is opposite to the inlet 301 in the first direction e1.

[0047] The connecting port 315 is opposite to the explosion-proof valve 211 in the first direction e1. The pressure relief valve 4 passes through the connecting port 315, and at least a portion of the pressure relief valve 4 is located within the flow channel 30. The pressure relief valve 4 has an open state and a closed state. When the pressure relief valve 4 is in the open state, the valve port of the explosion-proof valve 211 is connected to the flow channel 30; when the pressure relief valve 4 is in the closed state, the valve port is not connected to the flow channel 30.

[0048] When the battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway and generates a large amount of gas, the valve port of the explosion-proof valve 211 opens. Under the impact of the gas, the pressure relief valve 4 can switch from the closed state to the open state. The valve port is connected to the flow channel 30 through the pressure relief valve 4. The high-temperature flue gas released by the battery cell 21 can be discharged into the flow channel 30 through the valve port and the pressure relief valve 4.

[0049] The storage tank is connected to the inlet 301 of the flow channel 30. When a battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the storage tank can release a fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent enters the flow channel 30 through the inlet 301 and mixes with the high-temperature flue gas in the flow channel 30 to achieve the effect of suppressing combustion and explosion. In addition, each battery cell 21 has a corresponding pressure relief valve 4. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 can be discharged into the flow channel 30 through the corresponding pressure relief valve 4 to avoid affecting other battery cells 21, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0050] In addition, the pressure of the extinguishing agent can push the high-temperature smoke towards the outlet of the guide channel 30 to achieve the effect of directional smoke exhaust.

[0051] For example, if the battery cell 21 does not experience thermal runaway, the pressure inside the storage tank is 5MPa to 10MPa. For instance, the pressure inside the storage tank can be 5MPa, 6MPa, 7MPa, 8MPa, 9MPa, or 10MPa.

[0052] For example, the extinguishing agent mentioned above may include at least one of inert gas, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. The temperature of the extinguishing agent can be lower than room temperature, so that the temperature of the extinguishing agent is much lower than the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas. On the one hand, the extinguishing agent mixes thoroughly with the high-temperature flue gas, which can quickly reduce the flue gas temperature, dilute the concentration of combustible gas, and achieve explosion suppression and cooling. On the other hand, the extinguishing agent can promote the high-temperature flue gas to flow rapidly along the guide channel 30 towards the outlet, forming a directional and continuous flue gas guiding flow field, which can more effectively suppress the spread of thermal runaway.

[0053] In this way, the high-temperature smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery 100 and the fire extinguishing agent released by the storage tank are discharged through the guide channel 30, avoiding the design of complex pipeline structures in the box 1, so as to avoid the complex pipeline structures occupying the space inside the box 1, making effective use of the space inside the box 1, which helps to improve the volumetric energy density of the battery 100.

[0054] Furthermore, when multiple battery packs are combined to form a battery cluster or battery energy storage system, since each battery pack has the aforementioned flow channel 30, regardless of whether the multiple battery packs are stacked in the first direction e1, or arranged along the second direction e2 or the third direction e3, the aforementioned effects can be achieved. Therefore, the arrangement of multiple battery packs can be flexibly configured according to actual needs (e.g., storage space).

[0055] See Figure 2 There can be multiple flow guides 3, which are arranged at intervals in the second direction e2. The number of flow guides 3 is the same as that of the battery pack 2 and they correspond one-to-one. The multiple flow guide channels 30 are independent of each other and the air paths are not connected to each other, so as to prevent the high temperature flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 in a single battery pack 2 from entering other flow guide channels 30, thereby affecting other unrunaway battery cells 21 in the battery pack 2.

[0056] The inner wall of the flow channel 30 can be coated with a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating that can withstand instantaneous high temperatures of 1200℃, thus preventing the high-temperature flue gas from burning the cavity structure of the flow channel 30.

[0057] For example, each flow guide 3 is provided with multiple connecting ports 315, and the number of connecting ports 315 is the same as the number of battery cells 21 in the battery pack 2 and they correspond one-to-one. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 can be discharged into the flow guide channel 30 through its corresponding connecting port 315 to avoid the high-temperature flue gas affecting other battery cells 21.

[0058] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the flow guide 3 is located inside the housing 1, and is positioned on the side of the battery cell 21 facing the top plate 11. The flow guide 3 is fixed to the top plate 11. The flow guide 3 has a flow guide groove 312, the groove opening 313 and the bottom wall 314 of the flow guide groove 312 are opposite each other in the first direction e1, and the top plate 11 blocks the groove opening 313 to form a flow guide channel 30. A connecting hole communicating with the flow guide groove 312 is provided on the bottom wall 314, and the connecting hole has the aforementioned connecting opening 315. The pressure relief valve 4 passes through the connecting hole. For example, the flow guide 3 and the top plate 11 can be fixedly connected by fasteners (e.g., screws or bolts); or, the flow guide 3 and the top plate 11 can also be connected by welding or adhesive.

[0059] By sealing the slot 313 with the top plate 11, that is, by having the top plate 11 act as a cover for the guide channel 312, the number of structural components inside the battery 100 can be reduced, and the space inside the housing 1 can be effectively utilized, which is conducive to improving the volumetric energy density of the battery 100.

[0060] For example, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The flow guide 3 includes a frame body 311 and a connecting flange 316. A flow guide groove 312 is formed in the frame body 311, and the connecting flange 316 is connected to the frame body 311. The connecting flange 316 is located on the outer periphery of the frame body 311, that is, on the outer periphery of the groove 313. The frame body 311 is opposite to the battery cell 21 in the first direction e1. The connecting flange 316 is located on the side of the top plate 11 facing the battery cell 21, and the connecting flange 316 is fixedly connected to the top plate 11, which facilitates the installation of the flow guide 3 on the housing 1. For example, the connecting flange 316 and the top plate 11 can be fixedly connected by fasteners, welding, or adhesive. Setting the connecting flange 316 helps to increase the connection area between the flow guide 3 and the top plate 11, and improves the installation reliability of the flow guide 3.

[0061] In other examples, the guide 3 may not include the connecting flange 316, and the outer periphery of the frame body 311 may be directly connected to the top plate 11.

[0062] See Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sealing member 7 provided in some embodiments of this application; the battery 100 also includes the first sealing member 7, which is disposed between the flow guide 3 and the top plate 11 to seal the gap between the flow guide 3 and the top plate 11. The first sealing member 7 is located on the outer periphery of the flow guide groove 312. For example, the first sealing member 7 is disposed between the connecting flange 316 and the top plate 11 to seal the gap between the connecting flange 316 and the top plate 11.

[0063] By setting the first sealing element 7, the airtightness of the flow channel 30 can be guaranteed, and the high-temperature flue gas in the flow channel 30 can be prevented from leaking into the battery compartment 14 through the gap between the flow guide 3 and the top plate 11, thus affecting other battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 14.

[0064] For example, when the flow guide 3 and the top plate 11 are fixedly connected by the fasteners described above, the first seal 7 is provided with a fixing hole, and the fasteners can be inserted into the top plate 11 and the fixing hole to fix the top plate 11, the first seal 7 and the flow guide 3.

[0065] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and combined Figure 6 , Figure 6The diagram below shows the structure of the pressure relief valve 4 provided in some embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the pressure relief valve 4 includes a first pipe body 41 and a movable plate 43. The first pipe body 41 is located in the flow channel 30 and extends along the first direction e1. A guide groove 411 is provided on the pipe wall of the first pipe body 41. The guide groove 411 penetrates the pipe wall along the thickness direction of the pipe wall and extends along the first direction e1. The guide groove 411 has a limiting surface facing away from the explosion-proof valve 211.

[0066] The movable plate 43 includes a plate body 431 and an extension 432. The plate body 431 is located inside the first tube 41, and the extension 432 is connected to the plate body 431 and located on the outer periphery of the plate body 431. The extension 432 is slidably engaged with the guide groove 411, and the extension 432 can move along the first direction e1, so that the movable plate 43 as a whole can move along the first direction e1. It should be understood that, in order to ensure the smoothness of the movement of the movable plate 43, there can be multiple extensions 432 spaced apart along the circumference of the plate body 431. The number of guide grooves 411 and extensions 432 are the same and correspond one-to-one.

[0067] When the pressure relief valve 4 is closed, the extension 432 abuts against the limiting surface, and the plate 431 blocks the first pipe 41, isolating the flow channel 30 from the valve port, meaning the two are not connected. When the pressure relief valve 4 is open, the extension 432 is separated from the limiting surface, and the guide groove 411 connects the valve port to the flow channel 30, allowing gas discharged from the valve port to be discharged into the flow channel 30 through the guide groove 411. Figure 6 The pressure relief valve 4 shown is in the closed state.

[0068] Continue reading Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the guide groove 411 extends along the first direction e1 through the end face of the first tube 41 facing away from the battery cell 21. It is understood that when the battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, a chain oxidation-reduction reaction occurs inside the battery cell 21, instantaneously releasing a large amount of heat and high-temperature fumes. The internal pressure of the battery cell 21 rises rapidly. When the pressure reaches the opening threshold of the explosion-proof valve 211, the valve opens, and the high-temperature fumes are ejected from the valve towards the movable plate 43, directly impacting the movable plate 43 and moving it away from the limiting surface along the first direction e1. However, the guide groove 411 has a relatively small area. When the high-temperature fumes are only discharged into the guide channel 30 through the guide groove 411, a large amount of fumes cannot be discharged in time, and the battery cell 21 still poses a risk of combustion and explosion.

[0069] Therefore, after the battery 100 thermally runs away, the valve port of the explosion-proof valve 211 opens and a large amount of smoke is ejected from the valve port, driving the movable plate 43 to move away from the limiting surface. The movable plate 43 can be separated from the first tube 41, so that the smoke can quickly enter the guide groove 312 through the first tube 41.

[0070] Furthermore, due to the aforementioned limiting surface of the guide groove 411, the pressure relief valve 4 can only be unidirectionally guided through the guide channel 30 by the explosion-proof valve 211, allowing only high-temperature flue gas to flow unidirectionally from the explosion-proof valve 211 to the guide channel 30. When the valve port of the explosion-proof valve 211 is not open, the movable plate 43 remains normally closed under the action of gravity, completely isolating the guide channel 30 from the battery compartment 14, preventing the flue gas in the guide channel 30 from entering the battery compartment 14 through the pressure relief valve 4. Therefore, it can prevent high-temperature flue gas from contacting other uncontrolled battery cells 21, cutting off the heat spread path caused by heat convection and heat radiation within the battery compartment 14.

[0071] Of course, in some other embodiments, the guide groove 411 may not penetrate the end face of the first tube 41 facing away from the battery cell 21. That is, the guide groove 411 has a stop surface, and the stop surface and the limiting surface are opposite to each other in the first direction e1. After the smoke generated by the battery cell 21 is discharged, the movable plate 43 can also return to its original position (i.e., the extension 432 abuts against the limiting surface), so that the pressure relief valve 4 switches to the closed state.

[0072] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the pressure relief valve 4 further includes a second pipe 42, which is connected to the first pipe 41. The second pipe 42 is located on the side of the first pipe 41 facing the explosion-proof valve 211 and is in communication with the first pipe 41. The second pipe 42 can be inserted through the communication port 315 and covers the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve 211. When the pressure relief valve 4 is switched to the open state, the high-temperature flue gas can completely enter the pressure relief valve 4 and enter the guide channel 30 through the second pipe 42 and the first pipe 41, thus preventing the high-temperature flue gas from entering the battery compartment 14 and affecting other battery cells 21.

[0073] The battery 100 may also include a second seal, which is disposed between the explosion-proof valve 211 and the battery cell 21 to seal the gap between the explosion-proof valve 211 and the battery cell 21, so that the high-temperature flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 can enter the pressure relief valve 4 without leakage, and more effectively prevent the high-temperature flue gas from entering the battery compartment 14 and affecting other battery cells 21.

[0074] By setting the first sealing element 7 and the second sealing element mentioned above, the airtightness of the battery 100 can be further improved. During the continuous injection of extinguishing agent into the guide channel 30 and the continuous discharge of high-temperature flue gas from the outlet of the guide channel 30, the inside of the battery 100 housing 1 is always kept under positive pressure, and the air pressure inside the housing 1 is higher than the external atmospheric pressure. Oxygen from the external environment cannot enter the inside of the housing 1 through the gaps in the housing 1, thereby interrupting the combustion-supporting condition of the three elements of combustion, suppressing the ignition and combustion of combustible flue gas from the source, and thus reducing the probability of the battery 100 catching fire.

[0075] Meanwhile, the coolant circulating in the liquid cooling channel can quickly remove the heat from thermal runaway. Combined with the heat insulation layer between adjacent battery cells 21 to block the heat conduction path, the safety of battery 100 can be better guaranteed.

[0076] See Figure 2 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the radial dimension of the second tube 42 may be smaller than the radial dimension of the first tube 41. The pressure relief valve 4 may include a connecting plate connected between the first tube 41 and the second tube 42, and the connecting plate is located within the flow guide channel 30. The connecting plate may be annular, and the central channel of the connecting plate communicates between the first tube 41 and the second tube 42. For example, the inner diameter of the first tube 41 is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting plate, and the outer diameter of the second tube 42 is equal to the inner diameter of the connecting plate. When the pressure relief valve 4 is installed on the flow guide 3, the connecting plate may abut against the bottom wall 314 of the flow guide groove 312 to position the pressure relief valve 4 on the flow guide 3, facilitating the installation and fixation of the pressure relief valve 4 on the flow guide 3.

[0077] For example, the first tube 41, the second tube 42, and the connecting plate mentioned above can be connected by welding or adhesive.

[0078] In other examples, the first tube 41, the second tube 42, and the connecting plate may also be integrally formed structures.

[0079] In some embodiments, the battery 100 may further include a fixing strip 52, which may be disposed on opposite sides of the plurality of battery packs 2 in the second direction e2 and on opposite sides of the plurality of battery packs 2 in the third direction e3, thereby achieving upper limit positioning of the battery packs 2 in the second direction e2 and the third direction e3, preventing the individual battery cells 21 from moving in the second direction e2 or the third direction e3, and ensuring the coaxiality of the explosion-proof valve 211 and the pressure relief valve 4 under charge-discharge cycles and vibration conditions, so that the distance between the central axis of the explosion-proof valve 211 and the central axis of the pressure relief valve 4 is less than or equal to 0.5 mm. The distance between the central axis of the explosion-proof valve 211 and the central axis of the pressure relief valve 4 can be 0.5 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.1 mm or 0 mm.

[0080] See Figure 2 and Figure 7 , Figure 7 According to Figure 1 The diagram shows another angle of the battery 100. In some embodiments, the battery 100 also includes a first one-way valve 81, which is connected between the storage tank and the guide member 3. The first one-way valve 81 can be unidirectionally opened from the storage tank to the inlet 301. The fire extinguishing agent in the storage tank can enter the guide channel 30 through the first one-way valve 81, while the high-temperature flue gas in the guide channel 30 cannot enter the storage tank through the first one-way valve 81.

[0081] It should be noted that the first check valve 81 can be located outside the housing 1 or inside the housing 1; there can be multiple first check valves 81, and the number of first check valves 81 and the flow guide 3 are the same and correspond one-to-one.

[0082] For example, the first one-way valve 81 and the flow guide 3 can be sealed together by welding.

[0083] In some embodiments, the battery 100 may further include an input pipe located outside the housing 1, and the input pipe may be connected between the storage tank and the first one-way valve 81. The extinguishing agent inside the storage tank can be delivered through the input pipe to the flow channels 30 of the different flow guides 3. For example, the input pipe may be made of stainless steel and can withstand high pressure.

[0084] In some embodiments, the battery 100 further includes a battery 100 management system and a sensor. The sensor is disposed within the flow channel 30, and both the sensor and the first one-way valve 81 are electrically connected to the controller. When the sensor detects high-temperature flue gas within the flow channel 30, the battery 100 management system can control the first one-way valve 81 to open, thereby connecting the storage tank to the inlet 301 of the flow channel 30. For example, the first one-way valve 81 can be a solenoid valve, which can complete a fully open action within 100 milliseconds, exhibiting extremely fast response speed and significantly improving the reliability of the battery 100's thermal runaway protection.

[0085] For example, the sensor may include at least one of an infrared sensor, a smoke sensor, or a temperature sensor.

[0086] The aforementioned battery 100 management system may include a circuit board, which can be fixed to the side plate 13 of the housing 1 by an insulating bracket. The circuit board can be electrically connected to the terminal post of each battery cell 21 to achieve millisecond-level real-time monitoring of the voltage and temperature of the battery cell 21.

[0087] See Figure 2 and Figure 7In some embodiments, the battery 100 may further include a positive electrode 101 and a negative electrode 102, which are electrically connected to the aforementioned electrical connector 51 (i.e., busbar) to achieve high-voltage connection of the battery pack. For example, both the positive electrode 101 and the negative electrode 102 may be fixed to the side plate 13.

[0088] The battery 100 may also include a maintenance switch 15 and a communication interface 16. The maintenance switch 15 is connected in series in the high-voltage main circuit for manual high-voltage power disconnection during maintenance. The communication interface 16 is connected to the circuit board signal to realize real-time data interaction between the battery pack and the energy storage management system. A safety valve 17 is also provided on the side plate 13. When the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the safety valve 17 is used to release pressure and vent air from the housing 1. The safety valve 17 can serve as an overpressure emergency protection component for the entire battery pack.

[0089] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and combined Figure 7 In some embodiments, the side plate 13 may include a first side plate 131, a second side plate 132, a third side plate 133 and a fourth side plate arranged circumferentially along the battery pack 2. The second side plate 132 and the fourth side plate are opposite each other in the second direction e2, and the first side plate 131 and the third side plate 133 are opposite each other in the third direction e3. The first one-way valve 81, the positive electrode 101, the negative electrode 102, the maintenance switch 15, the communication interface 16 and the safety valve 17 mentioned above may all be provided on the first side plate 131. The opening of the flow channel 30 is opened at one end of the flow guide 3 near the first side plate 131, and the outlet of the flow channel 30 is opened at one end of the flow guide 3 near the third side plate 133.

[0090] See Figure 8 and combined Figure 2 , Figure 8 According to Figure 1 The diagram shows another angle of the battery 100. In some embodiments, the battery 100 may further include a flue gas treatment device 6, which is located outside the housing 1 and at the end of the guide member 3 furthest from the storage tank. The flue gas treatment device 6 includes a flue gas collection pipe 61 and a treatment device 62. The flue gas collection pipe 61 includes a main pipe 611 and branch pipes 612, with the branch pipes 612 connecting the outlet of the guide channel 30 and the main pipe 611. For example, there may be multiple branch pipes 612, and the number of branch pipes 612 corresponds one-to-one with the number of guide members 3.

[0091] The main pipeline 611 connects the treatment device 62 and the branch pipeline 612, and is used to collect flue gas in different guide channels 30, so as to realize the centralized convergence of flue gas in each independent guide channel 30. In addition, the main pipeline 611 can transport the flue gas to the treatment device 62, and the treatment device 62 is used to purify the flue gas discharged in the guide channels 30.

[0092] For example, the flue gas treatment device 6 includes an adsorption layer, a filter layer, and a catalytic layer. The catalytic layer includes at least one of a palladium-containing catalyst, a platinum-containing catalyst, and a transition metal oxide catalyst. The filter layer uses porous ceramic composite filter media, which can capture dust particles in the flue gas and has a good dust removal effect. The adsorption layer uses activated carbon-based composite material to adsorb residual harmful substances and achieve harmless emission of flue gas. The catalytic layer can catalytically convert combustible and toxic gases (such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons) into non-toxic and harmless substances for discharge.

[0093] For example, the adsorption layer, filter layer and catalyst layer described above can be arranged sequentially along the flue gas flow direction.

[0094] In summary, the flue gas discharged through the guide channel 30 enters the flue gas treatment device 6 for purification before being discharged cleanly, which can prevent toxic and harmful gases from directly polluting the environment.

[0095] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 8 The battery 100 also includes a second one-way valve 82, which is connected between the guide member 3 and the flue gas collection pipe 61. For example, the second one-way valve 82 can be connected between the guide member 3 and the branch pipe 612. The second one-way valve 82 only allows unidirectional flow from the guide channel 30 to the flue gas collection pipe 61, which can prevent high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas collection pipe 61 from flowing back into the guide channel 30, which does not contain high-temperature flue gas, through other second one-way valves 82, thus blocking cross-channel interference of flue gas.

[0096] In combination with the above, the battery 100, by setting up the aforementioned storage tank, flow guide 3, pressure relief valve 4, sensor, and flue gas treatment device 6, uses the thermal runaway flue gas eruption as the trigger signal to achieve a fully automatic response throughout the entire process from flue gas generation to directional diversion, explosion suppression and cooling, and harmless emission, with a total response delay of no more than 200 milliseconds, which greatly improves the reliability of thermal runaway protection.

[0097] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 9 A perspective view of a battery 100 provided for other embodiments of this application; Figure 10 According to Figure 9 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of the battery 100. In this embodiment, the battery 100 is... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery 100 in the illustrated embodiment has a largely the same structure and achieves roughly the same beneficial effects, therefore it will not be described in detail again. The following section compares the battery 100 in this embodiment with... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The differences in the structure of the battery 100 in the illustrated embodiment will be explained in detail.

[0098] In some embodiments, the flow guide 3 includes a frame 31 and a cover plate 32. A flow guide groove 312 is formed on the frame 31, and the cover plate 32 covers the opening 313 of the flow guide groove 312, defining a flow guide channel 30 between the frame 31 and the cover plate 32. At least a portion of the frame 31 is located inside the housing 1, and the cover plate 32 is located outside the housing 1. The frame 31 and the cover plate 32 are detachably connected, which facilitates the installation and removal of the cover plate 32 on the frame 31. Therefore, it is convenient to install sensors and other devices in the flow guide groove 312, and it is also convenient to clean the flow guide groove 312.

[0099] It should be noted that, Figure 10 In order to show the flow channel 312 inside the frame 31, the cover plate 32 of the flow guide 3 has been removed.

[0100] In this case, a mounting hole is provided on the top plate 11 of the housing 1, and the mounting hole penetrates the top plate 11 along the first direction e1. The shape and size of the mounting hole are adapted to the shape and size of the guide 3, so the frame 31 passes through the mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the top plate 11.

[0101] For example, the frame 31 includes a frame body 311 and a connecting flange 316. A flow guide 312 is formed in the frame body 311, and the connecting flange 316 is connected to the frame body 311 and located on the outer periphery of the frame body 311. The frame body 311 is located inside the housing 1 and is opposite to the battery cell 21 in the first direction e1. The connecting flange 316 is located on the side of the top plate 11 facing away from the battery cell 21 and is fixedly connected to the top plate 11, facilitating the installation of the flow guide 3 on the housing 1.

[0102] In other examples, the frame 31 may not include the connecting flange 316, and the outer periphery of the frame 31 may be directly welded to the wall of the mounting hole.

[0103] In some embodiments, the battery 100 includes a first seal 7 disposed between the connecting flange 316 and the top plate 11. The connection method between the first seal 7, the flow guide 3, and the top plate 11 can be referred to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The connection method between the first sealing element 7, the flow guide 3 and the top plate 11 in the embodiment shown will not be described again here.

[0104] In some other embodiments, the battery 100 in this embodiment is... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery 100 in the illustrated embodiment has a largely the same structure and achieves roughly the same beneficial effects, therefore it will not be described in detail again. The following section compares the battery 100 in this embodiment with... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The differences in the structure of the battery 100 in the illustrated embodiment will be explained in detail.

[0105] The flow guide 3 is located outside the housing 1. The opening 313 of the flow guide groove 312 is opposite to the top plate 11 in the first direction e1, and the opening 313 is located on the side of the top plate 11 facing away from the battery cell 21. The flow guide 3 is fixed to the top plate 11, and the top plate 11 is used to seal the opening 313. A connecting hole is provided on the top plate 11, which includes the connecting opening 315 of the flow guide channel 30, and the pressure relief valve 4 passes through the connecting hole.

[0106] In this way, the flow guide 3 does not occupy the space inside the housing 1, and more or larger battery cells 21 can be arranged inside the housing 1, so that the space inside the housing 1 is effectively utilized, which helps to improve the volumetric energy density of the battery 100.

[0107] Furthermore, the flow guide 3 is detachably connected to the top plate 11, making it convenient to install and remove the flow guide 3 on the housing 1 without opening the housing 1. This facilitates the installation of sensors and other devices in the flow guide channel 312 and also makes it convenient to clean the flow guide channel 312.

[0108] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery energy storage system 1000 provided in some embodiments of this application. This application also provides a battery energy storage system 1000, which includes an energy storage box 1001 and batteries 100. The batteries 100 can be any of the batteries 100 described in the above embodiments, and there can be multiple batteries 100, all located within the energy storage box 1001. For example, the multiple batteries 100 can be stacked in a first direction e1, or the multiple batteries 100 can be arranged along a second direction or a third direction e3.

[0109] The beneficial effects of the battery energy storage system 1000 can be referred to the beneficial effects of the battery 100 in any of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0110] In some embodiments, the battery energy storage system 1000 includes a third one-way valve 1002 and an exhaust pipe 1003. The third one-way valve 1002 is connected between the flue gas treatment device 6 and the exhaust pipe 1003, and is unidirectionally connected from the flue gas treatment device 6 to the exhaust pipe 1003.

[0111] When a single battery cell 21 in a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas is collected through the battery pack's flue gas collection pipe, treated by the treatment device 62, and then discharged through the third one-way valve 1002 to the exhaust pipe 1003, ultimately discharging the harmless flue gas outside the energy storage tank 1001. By setting the third one-way valve 1002, the high-temperature flue gas from thermal runaway in one battery pack can be prevented from interfering with other battery packs, effectively suppressing the high-temperature transfer process between battery packs. This effectively prevents chain thermal runaway after the thermal runaway of the single battery cell 21, significantly improving the operational safety of the battery energy storage system 1000 and possessing extremely high engineering promotion value.

[0112] In some embodiments, the energy storage box 1001 is also provided with a fire nozzle 1004. When the battery energy storage system 1000 experiences thermal runaway, the fire nozzle 1004 is used to depressurize and vent the box 1. The fire nozzle 1004 can serve as an overpressure emergency protection component for the entire battery energy storage system 1000.

[0113] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification. The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

[0114] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that, include: Box; Multiple battery cells are housed inside the enclosure, and each battery cell includes an explosion-proof valve; A flow guide is provided in the housing. The flow guide has a flow channel, which has an inlet and a connecting port. The connecting port and the inlet are spaced apart, and the connecting port is opposite to the explosion-proof valve in a first direction. A pressure relief valve is provided through the communication port, and at least a portion of the pressure relief valve is located within the flow guiding channel; the pressure relief valve has an open state and a closed state; when the pressure relief valve is in the open state, the valve port of the explosion-proof valve is connected to the flow guiding channel; when the pressure relief valve is in the closed state, the valve port is not connected to the flow guiding channel. A storage tank for storing fire extinguishing agent, the storage tank being connected to the inlet.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guide is located inside the housing and on the side of the battery cell facing the top plate of the housing; the flow guide has a flow guide groove, the groove opening and the bottom wall of the groove are opposite to each other in the first direction, and the top plate blocks the groove opening to form the flow guide channel; a connecting hole communicating with the flow guide groove is provided on the bottom wall of the groove, and the connecting hole has the connecting opening.

3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery also includes a first sealing element, which is disposed between the flow guide and the top plate to seal the gap between the flow guide and the top plate.

4. The battery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The pressure relief valve includes a first pipe body and a movable plate. The first pipe body is located in the flow channel and extends along the first direction. A guide groove is formed in the wall of the first pipe body. The guide groove penetrates the pipe wall along the thickness direction and has a limiting surface facing away from the explosion-proof valve. The movable plate includes a plate body and an extension. The plate body is located inside the first tube, and the extension is connected to the plate body and located on the outer periphery of the plate body. The extension is slidably engaged with the guide groove, and the extension can move along the first direction. When the pressure relief valve is in the closed state, the extension abuts against the limiting surface, and the plate blocks the first pipe body; when the pressure relief valve is in the open state, the extension is spaced apart from the limiting surface.

5. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide groove extends along the first direction through the end face of the first tube opposite to the battery cell.

6. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure relief valve further includes a second pipe body, which is connected to the first pipe body and communicates with the first pipe body; the second pipe body passes through the communication port and covers the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve.

7. The battery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The battery also includes multiple battery packs, which are spaced apart in a second direction. Each battery pack includes multiple battery cells, which are arranged in a third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. There are multiple flow guides, and the number of flow guides is the same as that of the battery pack and they correspond one-to-one.

8. The battery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The battery also includes a first one-way valve, which is connected between the storage tank and the flow guide, and the first one-way valve can unidirectionally guide the flow from the storage tank to the inlet.

9. The battery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes a flue gas treatment device, which is located outside the housing. The flue gas treatment device is located at the end of the guide member away from the storage tank, and the flue gas treatment device is connected to the guide channel to purify the flue gas discharged in the guide channel.

10. A battery energy storage system, characterized in that, include: The battery according to any one of claims 1-9.

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