Battery cells and energy storage devices

Abstract

This invention discloses a battery cell and an energy storage device, relating to the field of battery technology. The battery cell includes a housing with two opposing first side plates, at least one of which has an injection hole. The battery cell contains a first channel and a second channel. The first channel extends along the width of the housing, and the second channel extends along the length of the housing. The injection hole is located between the first and second channels and connects to both channels. By providing the first and second channels, this invention can increase the electrolyte injection rate, ensuring that the electrolyte fully wets the electrode core along the length and width of the housing. When thermal runaway occurs, the first and second channels can also serve as depressurization channels for thermal runaway gas and liquid, making the venting of the explosion-proof valve smoother.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the electrolyte filling hole of most batteries is located on the cover plate, usually on the same side as the terminal post. During the electrolyte filling and formation process, electrolyte overflow is prone to occur. If the overflow flows into the inside of the terminal post, it will change the contact resistance between the terminal post and the cover plate, affecting the conductivity stability of the cell, and in severe cases, causing safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention proposes a battery cell and an energy storage device, aiming to provide a battery cell that is safer and has a faster liquid injection rate.

[0004] One embodiment of the present invention provides a battery cell comprising: The housing includes two opposing first side plates, at least one of which is provided with a liquid injection hole; The battery cell has a first channel and a second channel. The first channel extends along the width direction of the housing, and the second channel extends along the length direction of the housing. The liquid injection hole is located between the first channel and the second channel and is connected to the first channel and the second channel, respectively.

[0005] In one embodiment, the housing has an electrode core inside, and a first cover plate and a second cover plate are provided at the openings at both ends. The battery cell also includes a lower insulating member, which is disposed between the electrode core and the second cover plate, and the first channel is disposed in the lower insulating member.

[0006] In one embodiment, the lower insulating member has a mounting portion at one end near the injection hole, the mounting portion is embedded in the electrode core at one end near the electrode core, and the mounting portion has a plurality of liquid passage holes.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first cover plate is provided with an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly being connected to the electrode core; and The second cover plate is provided with an explosion-proof port, and an explosion-proof valve is installed at the explosion-proof port; and The lower insulating component is provided with at least one explosion-proof hole, and at least one of the explosion-proof holes is connected to the first channel and the explosion-proof valve.

[0008] In one embodiment, the electrode core is provided with a clearance portion, and the projection of the liquid injection hole on the electrode core at least partially coincides with the clearance portion; The battery cell also includes a sealing assembly, a portion of which is housed within the injection hole and the clearance portion, and another portion of which covers the opening of the injection hole and is exposed outside the housing.

[0009] In one embodiment, the battery cell further includes a side bracket, which is disposed on the inner side of the first side plate, and the second channel is disposed on the side bracket.

[0010] In one embodiment, the second channel includes a main channel and a branch channel, the main channel passing through both ends of the side support along the length direction, the branch channel passing through both ends of the side support along the width direction, and the main channel and the branch channel being connected.

[0011] In one embodiment, the ratio of the width of the main channel to the width of the side support is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.5.

[0012] In one embodiment, the second channel includes a plurality of branch channels, each of which is evenly spaced along the length of the side support; and / or The ratio of the width of the branch channel to the length of the side support is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.5.

[0013] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an energy storage device comprising a battery cell as described above.

[0014] This invention addresses the issue by placing the electrolyte injection hole on the side of the casing. This allows the injection hole to be located away from the terminal assembly of the battery cell, preventing electrolyte overflow during injection or formation, which could lead to poor contact between the terminal and the cover plate, abnormally high contact resistance, and consequently, safety issues such as core overheating and short circuits. Specifically, the battery cell includes a casing with two opposing first side plates, i.e., the narrow sidewalls of the casing. The injection hole is located on one of these first side plates. The battery cell has a first channel along the width direction of the casing and a second channel along the length direction of the casing. The first and second channels are connected, and the injection hole is located between the first and second channels and communicates with both channels. By providing the first and second channels, the electrolyte injection rate can be increased, ensuring that the electrolyte fully wets the terminal core along the length and width directions of the casing.

[0015] It is also worth noting that when the battery experiences thermal runaway, the first and second channels can also serve as pressure relief channels for thermal runaway gas and liquid, making the venting of the explosion-proof valve smoother. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the side support; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the side support; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower insulating component; Figure 7 This is a diagram of the overall structure after the battery cells are assembled. Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of a single battery cell; Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of a section at point C; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the energy storage device proposed in this invention.

[0018] Explanation of icon numbers: 100. Battery cell; 1. Casing; 11. First side plate; 12. Second side plate; 13. First cover plate; 14. Second cover plate; 1a. Injection hole; 2. Electrode core; 2a. Clearance part; 3. Side bracket; 31. Second channel; 311. Main channel; 312. Branch channel; 3a. Through hole; 4. Sealing assembly; 41. Sealing pin; 42. Sealing sheet; 5. Lower insulation component; 51. Mounting part; 51a. Mounting hole; 51b. Liquid passage hole; 5a. First channel; 5b. Explosion-proof hole; 6. Terminal assembly; 61. Positive terminal; 62. Negative terminal; 7. Explosion-proof valve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of various embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are involved in multiple embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0021] Furthermore, if the various embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text implies three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0022] Currently, in the field of energy storage batteries, traditional battery cells generally have the electrolyte injection hole located on the top cover plate, arranged on the same side as the terminal assembly. In this structure, during the electrolyte injection and formation processes, the electrolyte easily overflows along the surface of the cover plate and seeps into the terminal mounting area, causing electrolyte contamination at the terminal-cover plate interface. This leads to an abnormally high contact resistance, affecting the cell's conductivity stability and cycle life, and in severe cases, causing safety hazards such as leakage and short circuits. Furthermore, the top-filling method is limited by space and flow channels, making it difficult for the electrolyte to quickly and evenly wet the internal areas of the terminal core, easily resulting in uneven wetting and localized electrolyte shortages, reducing cell consistency and production efficiency.

[0023] As batteries develop towards higher capacity and higher power, some solutions attempt to move the electrolyte injection hole to the side of the casing. However, the side-filled structure does not have a dedicated flow channel. After the electrolyte enters the casing, the diffusion path is messy and the flow resistance is high, making it impossible to quickly and evenly wet all the structures of the electrode core. The injection rate and wettability still do not meet the requirements of efficient production.

[0024] In view of the above problems, this application proposes a battery cell 100 to solve or at least alleviate the technical problems mentioned above.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of this application, the battery cell 100 includes a housing 1, the housing 1 includes two opposing first side plates 11, at least one of the first side plates 11 is provided with a liquid injection hole 1a, the battery cell is provided with a first channel 5a and a second channel 31, the first channel 5a extends along the width direction of the housing 1, the second channel 31 extends along the length direction of the housing 1, the liquid injection hole 1a is located between the first channel 5a and the second channel 31 and is respectively connected to the first channel 5a and the second channel 31.

[0026] It is understood that the battery cell 100 proposed in this application has an overall square structure, with an internal electrode core 2. The housing 1 is composed of two first side plates 11 and two second side plates 12. The electrode core 2 is located inside the housing 1. The two first side plates 11 are arranged opposite each other, and the two second side plates 12 are arranged opposite each other. The two ends of each first side plate 11 are respectively connected to the second side plate 12. It should be noted that the first side plate 11 can be a wide side wall, in which case the second side plate 12 can be a narrow side wall; or the first side plate 11 can be a narrow side wall, in which case the second side plate 12 can be a wide side wall. This application does not limit this.

[0027] Please see Figure 7 In one embodiment, the first side plate 11 is a narrow side wall. When the battery cell 100 is injected with electrolyte, the electrolyte enters the housing 1 through the injection hole 1a on the first side plate 11. Since the first channel 5a and the second channel 31 are both connected to the injection hole 1a, the electrolyte injected into the housing 1 through the injection hole 1a will flow rapidly along the width and length directions of the housing 1 through the first channel 5a and the second channel 31, thereby ensuring that any position of the electrode core 2 is fully wetted by the electrolyte.

[0028] Understandably, because the electrode core 2 has a clearance portion 2a at the corresponding position, the electrolyte can quickly diffuse and wet both ends of the electrode core 2 along the flow channel formed by the clearance portion 2a, completing uniform electrolyte injection. This application places the injection hole 1a on the side of the casing 1, which allows the injection holes 1a and the electrode post assemblies 6 to be far apart, structurally blocking the path of electrolyte overflow to the electrode post assemblies 6 during the injection and formation process. This prevents overflowing electrolyte from adhering to the interface between the electrode post and the cover plate, preventing safety hazards such as abnormally high contact resistance, overheating of the electrode core 2, and internal short circuits. At the same time, the clearance portion 2a increases the electrolyte flow space, improves injection efficiency and wettability, reduces the probability of overflow, and further improves the safety of battery use and manufacturing.

[0029] Please see Figure 1It should be noted that the clearance portion 2a can be a clearance groove or a clearance notch, and this application does not limit it in this regard. In one embodiment, the clearance portion 2a is a clearance notch, which is opened at the connection between the side of the pole core 2 near the first side plate 11 and the side near the second cover plate 14.

[0030] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of this application, a first cover plate 13 and a second cover plate 14 are respectively provided over the two opposite openings of the housing 1. The first cover plate 13 is provided with an electrode assembly 6, which includes a positive electrode 61 and a negative electrode 62, both of which penetrate the first cover plate 13 and are electrically connected to the tabs at the end of the electrode core 2. The electrode assembly 6 can conduct electrical energy generated by the electrochemical reaction inside the electrode core 2 to the outside of the battery, or stably input external electrical energy into the inside of the electrode core 2, thereby realizing the charging and discharging function of the battery. The electrode assembly 6 and the first cover plate 13 maintain an insulated and sealed fit, which can ensure the sealing integrity of the end of the housing 1 while realizing the conduction of electrical energy, and prevent electrolyte leakage and the intrusion of external impurities.

[0031] To ensure rapid pressure relief in the event of an abnormal increase in internal battery pressure, preventing casing 1 from rupturing or exploding and guaranteeing battery safety, the battery cell 100 also includes an explosion-proof valve 7. It should be noted that the explosion-proof valve 7 can be located on the same side of the terminal assembly 6, i.e., on the first cover plate 13, between the positive terminal 61 and the negative terminal 62, or on the opposite side of the terminal assembly 6, i.e., on the second cover plate 14. This application does not limit the specific location of the explosion-proof valve 7.

[0032] Please continue reading. Figure 8 To improve the overall safety of the battery cell 100, the explosion-proof valve 7 is located on the second cover plate 14, which is on the opposite side of the terminal assembly 6. The explosion-proof valve 7 is located on the opposite side and does not occupy the arrangement space of the terminal assembly 6. This is beneficial for increasing the size of the terminal to improve the current carrying capacity, and also prevents the pressure relief airflow from eroding the sealing interface between the terminal and the cover plate, ensuring long-term reliability of electrical connection and end seal.

[0033] Please see Figure 6 In order to achieve insulation between the second cover plate 14 and the electrode core 2 and to support the electrode core 2, in one embodiment of this application, the battery cell 100 further includes a lower insulating member 5. The lower insulating member 5 is disposed between the electrode core 2 and the second cover plate 14, and serves to isolate the electrode core 2 and the second cover plate 14 to prevent them from contacting and short-circuiting.

[0034] Please continue reading. Figure 3To facilitate the flow of electrolyte, the lower insulating component 5 has a mounting portion 51 at one end near the injection hole 1a, and the mounting portion 51 has multiple liquid passage holes 51b at one end near the electrode core 2. It can be understood that the electrolyte injection path is sequentially through the injection hole 1a, the mounting hole 51a, and the liquid passage holes 51b, ultimately entering the first channel 5a and the second channel 31 respectively, and then wetting the electrode sheets in the electrode core 2.

[0035] Please see Figure 9 During electrolyte injection, the electrolyte flows into the mounting hole 51a of the mounting part 51 of the lower insulating component 5 through the injection hole 1a on the housing 1. The mounting hole 51a provides initial guidance and buffering, and then the electrolyte is evenly distributed through multiple liquid passage holes 51b on the mounting part 51, and stably introduced into the clearance part 2a area of ​​the electrode core 2. With the help of the flow space formed by the clearance part 2a, the electrolyte quickly diffuses and wets the entire electrode core 2. The multiple liquid passage holes 51b can increase the liquid passage area, reduce flow resistance, avoid local liquid accumulation and uneven flow rate, and, together with the guiding space of the clearance part 2a, significantly improve the smoothness of electrolyte injection and the uniformity of wetting.

[0036] In order to support the pole core 2 and to insulate the pole core 2 from the side of the housing 1, a side bracket 3 is provided between the first side plate 11 and the pole core 2. There are two side brackets 3, which are respectively located on opposite sides of the pole core 2. Each side bracket 3 corresponds to a first side plate 11.

[0037] Understandably, the side bracket 3, electrode core 2, and first side plate 11 are all fitted together. The side surface of the side bracket 3 facing the electrode core 2 is tightly fitted to the side of the electrode core 2 to achieve stable support and positioning of the electrode core 2, preventing the electrode core 2 from shaking, shifting, or being damaged by friction within the housing 1. The side surface of the side bracket 3 facing the first side plate 11 is fitted to the inner wall of the first side plate 11 of the housing 1, keeping the side bracket 3 in a fixed position within the housing 1 and preventing it from shifting. The side bracket 3 achieves circumferential and axial limiting through its fitted cooperation with the electrode core 2 and the housing 1, ensuring the accurate relative position of the second channel 31, the injection hole 1a, and the clearance part 2a, and ensuring the continuous unobstructed flow of electrolyte and the thermal runaway pressure relief path.

[0038] To prevent the electrolyte entering through the injection hole 1a from being blocked by the side support 3, in some embodiments, one end of the side support 3 is shortened to avoid the clearance portion 2a on the electrode core 2. This creates an unobstructed and unobstructed electrolyte entry space between the injection hole 1a and the clearance portion 2a of the electrode core 2. With this structure, the electrolyte can be injected directly into the clearance portion 2a area after injection through the injection hole 1a, without needing to bypass the end of the side support 3. This eliminates the obstruction of electrolyte entry by the side support 3, reduces initial injection resistance, and ensures that the electrolyte flows quickly and smoothly into the housing 1 and into the space between the second channel 31 and the electrode core 2, effectively improving injection smoothness and efficiency. This clearance structure prevents the side support 3 from squeezing or blocking the mating area between the sealing assembly 4 and the injection hole 1a, ensuring the reliability of the sealing assembly and avoiding problems such as seal failure and electrolyte leakage due to structural interference. Furthermore, it provides an initial pressure relief channel for thermal runaway products, further improving the injection stability and safety of the battery cell 100.

[0039] In some other embodiments, the side support 3 has a clearance structure at one end near the injection hole 1a. The clearance structure is a clearance hole or a clearance groove, which is not limited in this application. This is so that the area between the injection hole 1a and the clearance portion 2a on the electrode core 2 is not blocked.

[0040] It should be noted that the second channel 31 can be disposed toward the first side plate 11 or toward the electrode core 2, and this application does not limit this. One end of the second channel 31 is connected to the injection hole 1a, and the second channel 31 extends from one end of the injection hole 1a to the end away from the injection hole 1a.

[0041] It should also be noted that the second channel 31 can be straight, Z-shaped, or S-shaped, and this application does not limit the specific shape and structure of the second channel 31.

[0042] Please see Figure 1 and combined Figure 4 In some embodiments, the second channel 31 adopts a composite flow channel structure combining a main channel 311 and a branch channel 312. The main channel 311 extends through both ends along the length of the side support 3, and the branch channel 312 extends through both ends along the width of the side support 3. The main channel 311 and the branch channel 312 are interconnected to form a mesh-like flow path. After the electrolyte enters the area of ​​the side support 3 through the injection hole 1a, it is first rapidly transported along the length of the main channel 311 and diffused over a long distance. Then, it is evenly distributed along the width of the branch channel 312, which is connected to the main channel 311. This forms a continuous and comprehensive flow path between the side support 3 and the electrode core 2, effectively reducing the electrolyte flow resistance, significantly improving the electrolyte flow speed and distribution uniformity, enabling the electrolyte to quickly and fully wet the entire area of ​​the electrode core 2, shortening the injection time, and improving the injection efficiency.

[0043] Understandably, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, this interconnected mesh channel can provide a continuous, unobstructed pressure relief transmission path for the rapidly generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas and electrolyte inside. The high-temperature gas and electrolyte can be quickly guided longitudinally along the main channel 311 and diffused laterally through the branch channel 312, quickly reaching the corresponding pressure relief area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 7. This avoids the local accumulation of thermal runaway products and abnormal pressure rise in the casing 1, effectively reducing the risk of casing 1 cracking, electrolyte splashing and short circuit fire, and significantly improving the safety protection capability and reliability of the battery cell 100 under extreme conditions.

[0044] Please continue reading. Figure 4 In one embodiment, the ratio of the width L1 of the main channel 311 to the width L4 of the side support 3 is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.5.

[0045] When the width of the main channel 311 is a larger value within this ratio range, i.e., close to 0.5, the cross-sectional area of ​​the main channel 311 increases, further reducing the electrolyte flow resistance. This is suitable for scenarios requiring large capacity, thick electrode core 2, or high electrolyte injection rate, enabling rapid electrolyte transport and diffusion while improving the pressure relief throughput under thermal runaway conditions and ensuring efficient venting and drainage under extreme conditions. When the width of the main channel 311 is a smaller value within this ratio range, i.e., close to 0.01, the space occupied by the flow channel is reduced, maximizing the proportion of the side support 3's solid structure. This enhances the support and positioning effect of the side support 3 on the electrode core 2 and improves structural stability. This is suitable for scenarios with small size, high structural strength requirements, or high electrode core 2 density, avoiding insufficient stiffness and deformation failure of the side support 3 due to excessively wide flow channels. This ratio setting ensures that the flow channel has sufficient guiding and pressure relief capabilities while maintaining the overall structural strength of the side support 3, adapting to the electrolyte injection performance and safety protection requirements of different battery cell 100 specifications, and improving the versatility and reliability of the battery cell 100.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the ratio of the width L2 of the branch channel 312 to the length L3 of the side support 3 is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.5. The design basis for the width dimension of the branch channel 312 can be referred to the design of the width dimension of the main channel 311 described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0047] Please see Figure 5In another embodiment of the side support 3, the second channel 31 includes multiple branch channels 312, each branch channel 312 being evenly spaced along the length of the side support 3. The multiple branch channels 312 form equally spaced, multi-branched guiding paths on the surface of the side support 3. After the electrolyte is transported through the main channel 311, it can simultaneously flow to the side of the electrode core 2 through the evenly arranged branch channels 312, enabling the electrolyte to spread evenly and rapidly in both the width and length directions of the electrode core 2, avoiding localized accumulation or insufficient wetting, and improving the consistency of electrolyte distribution. The evenly spaced branch channels 312 can evenly distribute the guiding pressure, reducing the risk of blockage in a single channel and improving the stability and reliability of the injection process.

[0048] It is also understandable that the evenly distributed multi-branch flow channels 312 can provide multiple parallel pressure relief paths for high-temperature and high-pressure gases and electrolytes when the cell is thermally runaway, so that the thermal runaway products can be discharged quickly and evenly, avoiding local pressure concentration, and further improving the safety performance and structural stability of the battery cell 100.

[0049] In the two embodiments described above, the sum of the areas of all main channels 311 and all branch channels 312, i.e., the total area of ​​the second channel 31, is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.8 compared to the area of ​​the side support 3. This configuration ensures that the second channel 31 has sufficient flow area, providing a smooth transport and diffusion channel for the electrolyte, effectively reducing flow resistance, and improving the injection rate and wetting uniformity. Simultaneously, it provides sufficient pressure relief area for high-temperature, high-pressure gases and electrolyte under thermal runaway conditions, ensuring efficient and smooth gas and electrolyte drainage. This design balances flow guidance and pressure relief performance with structural support strength, adapting to the usage requirements of different specifications of battery cells 100, and improving the overall reliability and safety of the battery.

[0050] It is understandable that the electrolyte enters the clearance part 2a of the electrode core 2 sequentially through the injection hole 1a of the first side plate 11 of the housing 1, the mounting hole 51a of the mounting part 51 of the lower insulating component 5, and the liquid passage hole 51b of the mounting part 51. Then, it flows into the second channel 31 of the side bracket 3 from the clearance part 2a, spreads evenly along the main channel 311 and the branch channel 312, and further penetrates into the interior of the electrode core 2 through the array of through holes 3a, so as to achieve rapid and full wetting of the entire area of ​​the electrode core 2 by the electrolyte.

[0051] It should be noted that, to ensure good support and positioning performance and chemical stability, the material of the side support 3 can be polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polyamide, etc., and this application does not limit this. As an example, the material of the side support 3 is polypropylene, and the main channel 311 and branch channel 312 formed on the side support 3 are processed by integral injection molding, so as to precisely control the width, depth and total area ratio of the channels and adapt to the needs of mass production.

[0052] Please see Figure 2 In order to reliably seal the injection hole 1a after the liquid injection is completed and block the communication between the inside of the casing 1 and the external environment, the battery cell 100 also includes a sealing component 4. The sealing component 4 is T-shaped, with the upper end covering the opening of the injection hole 1a and the lower end penetrating the injection hole 1a and inserted into the clearance part 2a opened in the electrode core 2.

[0053] Please continue reading. Figure 2 Specifically, the sealing assembly 4 includes a sealing pin 41 and a sealing plate 42. The sealing pin 41 is fitted into the injection hole 1a, with its lower end extending into the clearance portion 2a for positioning and initial sealing. The sealing plate 42 covers the opening of the injection hole 1a and is sealed to the outer wall of the housing 1. Understandably, the sealing pin 41 extending into the clearance portion 2a prevents compression of the electrode core 2; the sealing plate 42 is welded to the outer wall of the housing 1, forming a reliable outer seal, effectively preventing electrolyte leakage, external moisture and impurities from entering, maintaining a stable internal electrochemical environment of the battery, and ensuring long-term reliable battery operation.

[0054] Optionally, the sealing pin 41 is made of plastic. Utilizing the excellent insulation properties, plastic deformation capacity, and electrolyte corrosion resistance of plastic, it can form a tight, elastic seal with the inner wall of the injection hole 1a after assembly, achieving reliable sealing and electrical insulation isolation inside the injection hole 1a, preventing the sealing structure from forming a conductive path with the metal casing 1. The sealing plate 42 is made of metal, ensuring excellent structural strength, high-temperature resistance, and weldability. It can form a strong sealing connection with the outer wall of the casing 1 through welding, effectively resisting internal battery pressure fluctuations and external environmental impacts.

[0055] Optionally, to secure the sealing pin 41, one end of the sealing pin 41 is inserted into the mounting hole 51a of the mounting part 51. The mounting hole 51a provides circumferential positioning and axial fixation for the sealing pin 41, ensuring its stable position during liquid injection, sealing, and battery operation, preventing the sealing pin 41 from shaking or dislodging and causing sealing failure. This structure precisely defines the assembly position of the sealing pin 41, ensuring the fitting accuracy between the sealing pin 41 and the liquid injection hole 1a and the clearance notch, improving sealing reliability. Simultaneously, relying on the insulation characteristics of the lower insulating component 5, it further strengthens internal insulation protection, preventing conductive contact between the sealing structure and the metal shell 1 and the electrode core 2, ensuring battery electrical safety and structural stability.

[0056] Please see Figure 4 and combined Figure 5To further improve the flow rate of the electrolyte, the side support 3 is provided with multiple through holes 3a, which are arranged in an array along the length and / or width direction of the side support 3. The array of through holes 3a forms a uniformly distributed auxiliary flow channel on the side support 3 body, which, together with the second channel 31, constitutes a multi-dimensional flow guiding system. The electrolyte can be rapidly transported through the second channel 31 and directly penetrate the side support 3 and rapidly permeate the surface of the electrode core 2 through the array of through holes 3a, greatly shortening the path of the electrolyte to each area of ​​the electrode core 2, significantly reducing the overall flow resistance, and effectively improving the filling speed and diffusion efficiency of the electrolyte. The array of through holes 3a allows the electrolyte to enter the side support 3 at multiple points simultaneously, avoiding local liquid accumulation or wetting blind spots, and ensuring the wetting consistency of the electrode core 2. In addition, the array of through holes 3a can provide an additional pressure relief channel for high-temperature and high-pressure gas and electrolyte in the event of thermal runaway of the cell, and work with the second channel 31 to improve the gas and liquid discharge speed, avoid a sudden increase in pressure inside the casing 1, and enhance the safety performance of the battery cell 100. At the same time, the array of through holes 3a has a simple structure and a regular arrangement, and does not weaken the supporting and positioning role of the side support 3 on the electrode core 2, ensuring the structural stability and reliability of the battery cell 100.

[0057] Understandably, the through holes 3a arranged in the array can effectively save excess solid material on the side support 3. While ensuring the structural support strength and the performance of current diversion and pressure relief, the material usage of the side support 3 is significantly reduced, realizing the lightweight design of the side support 3, thereby reducing the overall weight of the battery cell 100 and improving the energy density and assembly portability of the battery cell 100.

[0058] Please see Figure 6 Since a lower insulating member 5 is provided between the second cover plate 14 and the electrode core 2, in order to prevent the lower insulating member 5 from blocking the pressure relief channel of thermal runaway gas and liquid when the battery experiences thermal runaway, the lower insulating member 5 is provided with an explosion-proof hole 5b. The explosion-proof hole 5b is set at the position of the explosion-proof valve 7 and connects the inside of the electrode core 2, the first channel 5a and the explosion-proof valve 7. The explosion-proof hole 5b can provide a through-type pressure relief channel for high-temperature and high-pressure gas and electrolyte under thermal runaway conditions, avoiding structural obstruction and flow channel blockage by the lower insulating member 5. This ensures that the gas and liquid products generated by thermal runaway can flow directly and quickly through the explosion-proof hole 5b to the explosion-proof valve 7 and be discharged smoothly, effectively preventing safety risks such as shell 1 cracking and electrolyte splashing caused by excessive pressure inside the shell 1, and improving the safety and reliability of the battery cell 100 under extreme conditions.

[0059] It should be noted that the battery cell 100 proposed in this application can be a wound battery or a stacked battery, and this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0060] Please see Figure 10This application also proposes an energy storage device, which includes at least one battery cell 100 as described above. The specific structure of the battery cell 100 is as described in the above embodiments. Since this energy storage device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0061] The energy storage device proposed in this application can be applied to various scenarios such as large-scale energy storage power stations on the grid side, industrial and commercial energy storage systems on the user side, residential distributed energy storage equipment, energy storage systems for new energy vehicle charging stations, auxiliary power supply systems for rail transit, backup power supplies for communication base stations, uninterruptible power supplies for data centers, energy storage systems for photovoltaic and wind power, portable energy storage power supplies, and energy storage power supplies for special equipment.

[0062] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) includes two opposing first side plates (11), at least one of which has an injection hole (1a); The battery cell is provided with a first channel (5a) and a second channel (31). The first channel (5a) extends along the width direction of the housing (1), and the second channel (31) extends along the length direction of the housing (1). The liquid injection hole (1a) is located between the first channel (5a) and the second channel (31) and is connected to the first channel (5a) and the second channel (31) respectively.

2. The battery cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) has an electrode core (2) inside, and a first cover plate (13) and a second cover plate (14) are provided at the openings at both ends. The battery cell also includes a lower insulating member (5), which is located between the electrode core (2) and the second cover plate (14). The first channel (5a) is located in the lower insulating member (5).

3. The battery cell as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lower insulating member (5) has a mounting part (51) at one end near the injection hole (1a). The mounting part (51) is embedded in the electrode core (2) at one end near the electrode core (2), and the mounting part (51) has a plurality of liquid passage holes (51b).

4. The battery cell as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first cover plate (13) is provided with a pole post assembly (6), which is connected to the pole core (2); and The second cover plate (14) is provided with an explosion-proof port, and an explosion-proof valve (7) is installed at the explosion-proof port; and The lower insulating member (5) is provided with at least one explosion-proof hole (5b), and at least one of the explosion-proof holes (5b) is connected to the first channel and the explosion-proof valve (7).

5. The battery cell as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The electrode core (2) is provided with a clearance portion (2a), and the projection of the injection hole (1a) on the electrode core (2) at least partially coincides with the clearance portion (2a); The battery cell also includes a sealing assembly (4), a portion of which is housed in the injection hole (1a) and the clearance portion (2a), and another portion of which covers the opening of the injection hole (1a) and is exposed outside the housing (1).

6. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The battery cell also includes a side bracket (3), which is located inside the first side plate (11), and the second channel (31) is located on the side bracket (3).

7. The battery cell as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The second channel (31) includes a main channel (311) and a branch channel (312). The main channel (311) passes through both ends of the side support (3) along the length direction, and the branch channel (312) passes through both ends of the side support (3) along the width direction. The main channel (311) and the branch channel (312) are connected.

8. The battery cell as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The ratio of the width of the main channel (311) to the width of the side support (3) is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.

5.

9. The battery cell as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The second channel (31) includes a plurality of branch channels (312), each of the branch channels (312) being evenly spaced along the length of the side support (3); and / or The ratio of the width of the branch channel (312) to the length of the side support (3) is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.

5.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes the battery cell as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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