Low profile broadband omni directional antenna

Abstract

This application relates to a low-profile broadband omnidirectional antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate, a first metal patch, a rectangular microstrip feed line, a second metal patch, a coaxial cable, and conductive pillars. The dielectric substrate has a first surface and a second surface; the first metal patch and the rectangular microstrip feed line are both disposed on the first surface; the second metal patch is disposed on the second surface; the coaxial cable is connected to the rectangular microstrip feed line and couples electromagnetic waves to the first metal patch through the rectangular microstrip feed line. This structure can simultaneously form current loops in the vertical and horizontal directions, achieving an electric field direction in the horizontal plane, thereby ensuring omnidirectional radiation characteristics in the E-plane and overcoming the problem of non-uniform radiation patterns in traditional E-plane omnidirectional antennas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communications, and more specifically, to a low-profile broadband omnidirectional antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication systems, E-plane omnidirectional antennas are widely used in base stations, indoor coverage, and mobile terminals due to their horizontal omnidirectional radiation characteristics. However, existing E-plane omnidirectional antennas suffer from non-uniform radiation patterns, which can easily lead to distortion or non-circularity deviations, affecting the uniformity of signal coverage and communication quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a low-profile broadband omnidirectional antenna to improve the uniformity of signal coverage of the omnidirectional antenna.

[0004] A low-profile broadband omnidirectional antenna, comprising: A dielectric substrate having a first surface and a second surface; Both the first metal patch and the rectangular microstrip feed line are disposed on the first surface; A second metal patch is disposed on the second surface; A coaxial cable is connected to the rectangular microstrip feed line, and electromagnetic waves are coupled to the first metal patch through the rectangular microstrip feed line. A conductive post is disposed between the first metal patch and the second metal patch to enable electromagnetic waves to be transmitted from the first metal patch to the second metal patch.

[0005] In one embodiment, the first surface includes a mounting port and a fixing port, the mounting port being U-shaped and the fixing port being located within the U-shaped groove of the mounting port.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first metal patch is located inside the mounting port, the rectangular microstrip feed line is located inside the fixing port, and there is a U-shaped gap between the first metal patch and the rectangular microstrip feed line, which is used to improve the frequency range of signal reception.

[0007] In one embodiment, the second metal patch has a connecting port, the connecting port is rectangular, and the long side of the connecting port is parallel to the long side of the dielectric substrate. The connection port is used to adjust the receiving range of the omnidirectional antenna signal frequency.

[0008] In one embodiment, there are multiple conductive pillars arranged in a U-shape between the first metal patch and the second metal patch.

[0009] In one embodiment, a semi-enclosed metal cavity structure is formed between the plurality of conductive pillars and the first metal patch and the second metal patch, the semi-enclosed metal cavity structure being used to form a current loop.

[0010] In one embodiment, the dielectric substrate further has a first end and a second end, and the conductive post includes a first via and a second via, wherein the first via is installed near the first end and the second via is installed near the second end; The first via and the second via are used to suppress high-frequency current paths and improve the antenna's non-circularity.

[0011] In one embodiment, the conductive post further includes a third via, which is installed on one side of the long side of the dielectric substrate, and a plurality of the third vias are arranged in parallel along the direction of the dielectric substrate from the first end to the second end.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first metal patch and the second metal patch are composed of a metal material or a composite material with good conductivity.

[0013] In one embodiment, the coaxial cable is mounted at the edge of the rectangular microstrip feed line to provide an input signal to the rectangular microstrip feed line.

[0014] The above technical solution involves printing a first metal patch and a rectangular microstrip feed line on the first side of a dielectric substrate, and printing a second metal patch on the second side of the substrate. Conductive pillars connect the first and second metal patches, forming a semi-enclosed metal cavity with a dielectric material. This structure can simultaneously form current loops in both the vertical and horizontal directions, ensuring the electric field direction is horizontal, thereby guaranteeing omnidirectional radiation characteristics in the E-plane and overcoming the problem of non-uniform radiation patterns in traditional E-plane omnidirectional antennas.

[0015] Meanwhile, the semi-enclosed metal cavity design effectively reduces the antenna's profile height, facilitating integration into low-profile devices and solving the problem of limited structural height. Furthermore, the use of a feeding method combining rectangular microstrip feedlines and conductive pillars simplifies the feeding structure, improves impedance matching performance, and consequently enhances the antenna's radiation efficiency and broadband operating capability, thus meeting broadband communication requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the omnidirectional antenna provided in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the second metal patch provided in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dielectric substrate provided in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the rectangular microstrip feeder provided in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the communication port provided in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first metal patch provided in the first embodiment of this application.

[0018] Icons: 100 - First metal patch; 200 - Rectangular microstrip feed line; 300 - Second metal patch; 400 - Connector; 500 - Dielectric substrate; 501 - First side; 502 - Second side; 600 - Conductive post; 601 - First via; 602 - Second via; 603 - Third via; 700 - Coaxial cable. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] A low-profile broadband omnidirectional antenna includes a dielectric substrate 500, a first metal patch 100, a rectangular microstrip feed line 200, a second metal patch 300, a coaxial cable 700, and conductive posts 600. The dielectric substrate 500 has a first surface 501 and a second surface 502; the first metal patch 100 and the rectangular microstrip feed line 200 are both disposed on the first surface 501; the second metal patch 300 is disposed on the second surface 502; the coaxial cable 700 is connected to the rectangular microstrip feed line 200 and couples electromagnetic waves to the first metal patch 100 through the rectangular microstrip feed line 200. A conductive post 600 is disposed between the first metal patch 100 and the second metal patch 300 to enable electromagnetic waves to be transmitted from the first metal patch 100 to the second metal patch 300.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This solution proposes a low-profile, wideband, E-plane omnidirectional antenna structure suitable for scenarios such as base stations, indoor coverage, and mobile terminals in wireless communication systems. The antenna includes a dielectric substrate 500, which has a first surface 501 and a second surface 502; a first metal patch 100 and a rectangular microstrip feed line 200 are both disposed on the first surface 501 of the dielectric substrate 500; and a second metal patch 300 is disposed on the second surface 502 of the dielectric substrate 500.

[0024] The rectangular microstrip feed line 200 achieves efficient coupling with the antenna through a U-shaped slot formed between itself and the first metal patch 100. A coaxial cable 700 connects to the rectangular microstrip feed line 200, introducing the signal into the antenna structure. The first metal patch 100 and the second metal patch 300 are connected by a series of conductive posts 600, each including a first via 601, a second via 602, and a third via 603. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The third via 603 is located on the left edge of the dielectric substrate 500, and the first via 601 and the second via 602 are located on the upper and lower edges of the dielectric substrate 500, respectively, forming a semi-closed metal cavity structure. This structure helps to form a closed current loop, thereby generating a uniform electric field in the horizontal direction on the E-plane, achieving omnidirectional radiation characteristics and good pattern uniformity.

[0025] To broaden the operating bandwidth, a rectangular slot 400 is formed on the second metal patch 300. The introduction of the rectangular slot 400 can excite additional resonant modes, effectively extending the antenna's operating frequency band. At the same time, the first via 601 and the second via 602 at the top and bottom edges not only serve as electrical connections but also suppress high-frequency parasitic modes, further improving the roundness and uniformity of the radiation pattern and enhancing the antenna's performance in broadband communication.

[0026] Reference Figure 6In some embodiments, the first surface 501 includes a mounting port and a fixing port, the mounting port being U-shaped and the fixing port being located within the U-shaped groove of the mounting port.

[0027] The first metal patch 100 is located inside the mounting port, and the rectangular microstrip feed line 200 is located inside the fixing port. There is a U-shaped gap between the first metal patch 100 and the rectangular microstrip feed line 200. The gap is used to improve the frequency range of signal reception.

[0028] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a gap of a certain width is provided between the mounting port and the fixing port. This gap design not only helps to improve the broadband performance of the antenna, but also realizes non-contact coupling between the first metal patch 100 and the rectangular microstrip feed line 200. Through this proximity coupling method, the rectangular microstrip feed line 200 can effectively couple the input signal to the first metal patch 100, thereby avoiding short circuits or impedance mismatch problems caused by direct contact, and improving structural stability and signal transmission efficiency. The signal enters the antenna structure through the coaxial cable 700, and is initially distributed and coupled by the rectangular microstrip feed line 200. Then, the signal is transmitted to the second metal patch 300 through the conductive post 600, and finally a complete current loop is formed between the upper and lower metal patches. This current loop excites an electric field in the horizontal direction, enabling the antenna to achieve omnidirectional radiation characteristics in the E-plane (electric field direction plane), thereby enhancing the antenna's coverage capability in space.

[0029] This approach combines the synergistic effect of the U-shaped mounting port and the U-shaped slot, significantly expanding the antenna's operating bandwidth without increasing its overall physical area, and even supporting multi-band operation. By adjusting the width and shape of the slot and the geometric parameters of the metal patch, the antenna's impedance matching and radiation characteristics can be further optimized, ensuring good performance across multiple frequency ranges and meeting the needs of complex wireless communication scenarios.

[0030] In some embodiments, the second metal patch 300 has a connecting port 400, which is rectangular in shape and has a long side parallel to the long side of the dielectric substrate 500; the connecting port 400 is used to adjust the receiving range of the omnidirectional antenna signal frequency.

[0031] Reference Figure 5In some embodiments, the second metal patch 300 has a connecting port 400, which is rectangular in shape and whose long side is parallel to the long side of the dielectric substrate 500. The connecting port 400 penetrates the second metal patch 300, forming a through structure to establish an electromagnetic coupling channel between the upper and lower metal patches. By designing the width, length, and position of the connecting port, additional resonant modes can be effectively introduced, thereby generating one or more artificial resonant points, which significantly widens the antenna's operating bandwidth.

[0032] The connector 400 not only plays a crucial structural supporting role but also regulates the electromagnetic field distribution, enabling a more uniform energy distribution during antenna excitation and improving broadband performance. Furthermore, by adjusting the geometric parameters of the connector, the antenna's resonant frequency and bandwidth characteristics can be flexibly controlled to adapt to the frequency band requirements of different application scenarios. This design achieves effective control of the electromagnetic field distribution without increasing the overall antenna size, providing a way to improve the antenna's broadband characteristics and multi-band adaptability.

[0033] In some embodiments, there are multiple conductive posts 600, which are arranged in a U-shape between the first metal patch 100 and the second metal patch 300.

[0034] In this embodiment, multiple conductive posts 600 are designed to improve the connection density and current path uniformity of the antenna structure. These vias are arranged in a U-shape between the first metal patch 100 and the second metal patch 300, forming an effective vertical connection channel. The U-shaped layout not only helps to enhance the electromagnetic coupling efficiency between the metal patches, but also optimizes the current distribution path, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and operating bandwidth of the antenna signal. In addition, the U-shaped structure may also provide a certain degree of mechanical support and stability for the antenna, preventing structural deformation or connection failure caused by processing errors or environmental factors.

[0035] In some embodiments, a semi-enclosed metal cavity structure is formed between the plurality of conductive posts 600 and the first metal patch 100 and the second metal patch 300, and the semi-enclosed metal cavity structure is used to form a current loop.

[0036] In this embodiment, multiple conductive pillars 600, together with the first metal patch 100 and the second metal patch 300, constitute a semi-enclosed metal cavity structure. This semi-enclosed metal cavity structure restricts the propagation direction of the electromagnetic field to a certain extent, but is not completely closed, allowing electromagnetic waves of specific frequencies to pass through. This design helps to establish a stable current loop between the metal patches, thereby enhancing the antenna's radiation efficiency and directional control capability. The semi-enclosed metal cavity structure can also focus or directionally excite the electromagnetic field, helping to achieve a more uniform electric field distribution and optimize the antenna's radiation performance. The current loop realized by this structure plays an important role in exciting the electric field in the horizontal direction and improving the omnidirectional radiation characteristics of the E-plane, while also helping to extend the antenna's operating frequency range and enhance its broadband or multi-band operating capability.

[0037] In some embodiments, the dielectric substrate 500 further has a first end and a second end, and the conductive post 600 includes a first via 601 and a second via 602. The first via 601 is installed near the first end, and the second via 602 is installed near the second end. The first via 601 and the second via 602 are used to suppress high-frequency current paths and improve the non-circularity of the antenna, wherein the directivity coefficient of the antenna is reduced by reducing the non-circularity of the antenna.

[0038] In some embodiments, the conductive post 600 further includes a third via 603, which is installed on one side of the long side of the dielectric substrate 500, and a plurality of third vias 603 are arranged in parallel along the direction of the dielectric substrate 500 from the first end to the second end.

[0039] By setting the first via 601 and the second via 602, a U-shaped configuration can be achieved in conjunction with the third via 603, which can suppress high-frequency current paths, thereby suppressing high-frequency pattern distortion, making the antenna have good pattern coverage consistency across the entire frequency band, and improving pattern non-circularity.

[0040] In some embodiments, the dielectric substrate 500 further has a first end and a second end, and the conductive post 600 includes a first via 601 and a second via 602. The first via 601 is installed near the first end, and the second via 602 is installed near the second end. The first via 601 and the second via 602 are used to improve the directivity coefficient of the omnidirectional antenna. Furthermore, the conductive post 600 also includes a third via 603, which is installed on one side of the long side of the dielectric substrate 500. Multiple third vias 603 are arranged parallel to each other along the direction from the first end to the second end of the dielectric substrate 500. By using the first via 601 and the second via 602, a U-shaped configuration can be achieved in conjunction with the third via 603, thereby effectively suppressing high-frequency current paths, suppressing high-frequency pattern distortion, and ensuring good pattern coverage consistency across the entire frequency band, thus improving pattern non-circularity.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the layout of the conductive pillars 600 is further optimized to improve the directivity performance of the omnidirectional antenna in different frequency bands. The dielectric substrate 500 is divided into a structure with a first end and a second end, and the first via 601 and the second via 602 are respectively arranged at both ends of the dielectric substrate 500 to form a three-dimensional vertical connection structure. This layout not only helps to enhance the electromagnetic coupling between the first metal patch 100 and the second metal patch 300, but also effectively guides the current path, thereby improving the directivity coefficient of the antenna.

[0042] Furthermore, a third via 603 is designed and installed on one side of the long side of the dielectric substrate 500. Multiple third vias 603 are arranged parallel to each other along the length of the dielectric substrate 500. There is one first via 601 and one second via 602, and ten third vias 603. The combination of the first via 601, the second via 602, and the third via 603 forms a U-shaped conductive pillar layout. This U-shaped structure can effectively limit the lateral spread of current in the high-frequency band, suppress abnormal distribution of high-frequency current on the surface of the dielectric substrate, and thus reduce distortion of the high-frequency radiation pattern.

[0043] This design improves the antenna's directional stability across the entire frequency band. Figure 1 This design improves the antenna's radiation pattern, especially at high frequencies, by effectively controlling the direction of electromagnetic energy radiation and bringing it closer to the ideal omnidirectional radiation characteristics. Simultaneously, this structure also improves the antenna's pattern non-circularity, making the radiation mode more symmetrical between the E and H planes, thus enhancing the antenna's anti-interference capability and spatial coverage performance.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first metal patch 100 and the second metal patch 300 are composed of a metal material or a composite material with good conductivity.

[0045] To ensure efficient transmission and radiation performance of the antenna structure in high-frequency electromagnetic fields, the first metal patch 100 and the second metal patch 300 are preferably made of materials with good conductivity, such as metals like copper, aluminum, and silver, or composite materials with high conductivity (such as copper foil / resin composite materials). These materials can effectively reduce electromagnetic losses and improve the antenna's conductivity and radiation efficiency. Furthermore, selecting appropriate materials can improve the mechanical stability and durability of the structure, making it particularly suitable for high-frequency, high-power, or complex environmental applications. By rationally selecting materials, the performance consistency and reliability of the antenna can be further improved across the entire frequency band.

[0046] In some embodiments, a coaxial cable 700 is mounted at the edge of a rectangular microstrip feed line 200 to provide an input signal to the rectangular microstrip feed line 200.

[0047] In this embodiment, the coaxial cable 700 is positioned at the edge of the rectangular microstrip feed line 200 to provide a stable input signal to the microstrip feed line. The coaxial cable 700 typically comprises a center conductor and an outer conductor, effectively shielding against interference signals and ensuring impedance matching and signal integrity of the feed. Mounting the coaxial cable 700 at the edge of the microstrip feed line simplifies the feed structure, reduces parasitic capacitance and inductance, and avoids unnecessary impacts on the antenna radiation characteristics. This mounting method not only improves signal transmission efficiency but also enhances the overall integration and reliability of the antenna structure, making it suitable for wireless communication systems requiring high-density integration and low interference.

[0048] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A low profile broadband omni directional antenna, characterized by, include: The dielectric substrate (500) has a first side (501) and a second side (502); The first metal patch (100) and the rectangular microstrip feed line (200) are both disposed on the first surface (501). A second metal patch (300) is disposed on the second surface (502); A coaxial cable (700) is connected to the rectangular microstrip feed line (200) and the electromagnetic wave is coupled to the first metal patch (100) through the rectangular microstrip feed line (200). A conductive post (600) is disposed between the first metal patch (100) and the second metal patch (300) to enable electromagnetic waves to be transmitted from the first metal patch (100) to the second metal patch (300).

2. The low-profile broadband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first surface (501) includes an installation port and a fixing port. The installation port is U-shaped, and the fixing port is located in the U-shaped groove of the installation port.

3. A low-profile broadband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first metal patch (100) is located inside the mounting port, and the rectangular microstrip feed line (200) is located inside the fixing port. There is a gap between the first metal patch (100) and the rectangular microstrip feed line (200). The gap is U-shaped and is used to improve the frequency range of signal reception.

4. The low profile broadband omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein, The second metal patch (300) has a connecting port (400) which is rectangular and the long side of the connecting port (400) is parallel to the long side of the dielectric substrate (500). The connection port (400) is used to adjust the receiving range of the omnidirectional antenna signal frequency.

5. The low profile broadband omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein, The number of conductive posts (600) is multiple, and the conductive posts (600) are arranged in a U-shape between the first metal patch (100) and the second metal patch (300).

6. A low profile wideband omni antenna according to claim 5, wherein, The plurality of conductive pillars (600) form a semi-enclosed metal cavity structure with the first metal patch (100) and the second metal patch (300), the semi-enclosed metal cavity structure being used to form a current loop.

7. The low profile broadband omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein, The dielectric substrate (500) further has a first end and a second end, and the conductive post (600) includes a first via (601) and a second via (602), wherein the first via (601) is installed near the first end and the second via (602) is installed near the second end; The first via (601) and the second via (602) are used to suppress high-frequency current paths and improve the non-circularity of the antenna.

8. The low profile wideband omni antenna of claim 7, wherein, The conductive post (600) also includes a third via (603), which is installed on one side of the long side of the dielectric substrate (500), and a plurality of the third vias (603) are arranged in parallel along the direction from the first end to the second end of the dielectric substrate (500).

9. The low profile broadband omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein, The first metal patch (100) and the second metal patch (300) are composed of metal or composite materials with good conductivity.

10. The low profile broadband omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein, The coaxial cable (700) is installed at the edge of the rectangular microstrip feed (200) to provide an input signal to the rectangular microstrip feed (200).

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