A radiating structure, an antenna system, a communication device and a communication system

Abstract

The application provides a radiation structure, an antenna system, a communication device and a communication system, relates to the technical field of communication, and aims to solve the problem that the current radiation structure cannot simultaneously consider large bandwidth and high gain. The radiation structure provided by the application comprises four radiators, four radiation arms and four connecting arms; the four radiators are all closed frame structures, the four radiation arms are respectively located in the frames of the four radiators; and the four connecting arms sequentially connect the four radiators. In the radiation structure provided by the application, the four radiators can jointly form a cross-shaped vibrator, and multiple different resonance modes can be excited simultaneously by relying on the shape characteristics of the cross-shaped vibrator, so that the radiation structure has a larger bandwidth; the four radiation arms and the four connecting arms can jointly form the structure type of a folded vibrator, and the folded vibrator can have a lower loss by relying on the shape characteristics, so that a higher gain can be achieved; therefore, the radiation structure can simultaneously have the characteristics of bandwidth and high gain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a radiating structure, antenna system, communication equipment, and communication system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of wireless communication technology, the signals transmitted by communication systems are becoming increasingly rich, thus placing increasingly complex demands on base station antennas. Base station antennas typically consist of a radiating structure and a feeding network. The feeding network powers the radiating structure, enabling it to radiate electromagnetic waves. As the performance requirements for base station antennas continue to rise, higher demands are placed on the bandwidth and gain performance of the radiating structure. For example, the commonly used radiating structure is typically a grid-like structure, which has a large bandwidth but insufficient gain. In other words, current radiating structures cannot simultaneously achieve both large bandwidth and high gain. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a radiating structure, antenna system, communication device, and communication system with a large bandwidth and high gain.

[0004] Firstly, this application provides a radiating structure, including a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator, and a fourth radiator. Each of the first, second, third, and fourth radiators is a closed frame structure. This arrangement allows for multiple current paths within each radiator, which helps to extend the bandwidth of the radiating structure. Furthermore, the radiating structure also includes a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm, and a fourth radiating arm; the first radiating arm is located within the space enclosed by the first radiator, and its two ends are connected to the first radiator; the second radiating arm is located within the space enclosed by the second radiator, and its two ends are connected to the second radiator; the third radiating arm is located within the space enclosed by the third radiator, and its two ends are connected to the third radiator; the fourth radiating arm is located within the space enclosed by the fourth radiator, and its two ends are connected to the fourth radiator. Furthermore, the radiating structure also includes a first connecting arm, a second connecting arm, a third connecting arm, and a fourth connecting arm; the first connecting arm is connected to the first and second radiators, the second connecting arm is connected to the second and third radiators, the third connecting arm is connected to the third and fourth radiators, and the fourth connecting arm is connected to the fourth radiator and the first radiator. In this way, the first, second, third, and fourth radiating arms, along with the first, second, third, and fourth connecting arms, can form a folded oscillator, which helps to improve the gain of the radiating structure.

[0005] In the radiating structure provided in this application, the first radiator, second radiator, third radiator, and fourth radiator together constitute a grid-shaped oscillator. Due to the shape characteristics of the grid-shaped oscillator, when the external radio frequency circuit feeds power to the radiating structure, the grid-shaped oscillator has more current paths, enabling the simultaneous excitation of multiple different resonant modes, thus achieving a larger bandwidth. The first radiating arm, second radiating arm, third radiating arm, fourth radiating arm, first connecting arm, second connecting arm, third connecting arm, and fourth connecting arm can together constitute a folded oscillator structure. This folded oscillator, relying on its shape characteristics, can have lower losses, thus achieving higher gain. In other words, the radiating structure provided in this application is a fusion structure of a grid-shaped oscillator and a folded oscillator, possessing both the large bandwidth characteristics of the grid-shaped oscillator and the high gain characteristics of the folded oscillator; therefore, this radiating structure can simultaneously possess both bandwidth and high gain characteristics.

[0006] In one example, the first and third radiators are spaced apart in the first polarization direction, and the second and fourth radiators are spaced apart in the second polarization direction, with the first and second polarization directions orthogonal. The first and third radiating arms extend in the first polarization direction, and the second and fourth radiating arms extend in the second polarization direction. This configuration enables the radiating structure to possess dual-polarized radiation performance, thereby improving the signal coverage and transmission quality of the radiating structure.

[0007] In one example, the first connecting arm is located on one side of the first and second radiators, with one end connected to the first radiator and the other end connected to the second radiator. The second connecting arm is located on one side of the second and third radiators, with one end connected to the second radiator and the other end connected to the third radiator. The third connecting arm is located on one side of the third and fourth radiators, with one end connected to the third radiator and the other end connected to the fourth radiator. The fourth connecting arm is located on one side of the fourth and first radiators, with one end connected to the fourth radiator and the other end connected to the first radiator. In other words, the first, second, third, and fourth connecting arms are arranged along the outer contour formed by the four radiators. This method does not significantly increase the area of ​​the radiating structure, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the radiating structure.

[0008] In one example, the first radiator further includes a first feed section, with a first end of the first radiating arm connected to the first feed section; the second radiator further includes a second feed section, with a first end of the second radiating arm connected to the second feed section; the third radiator further includes a third feed section, with a first end of the third radiating arm connected to the third feed section; and the fourth radiator further includes a fourth feed section, with a first end of the fourth radiating arm connected to the fourth feed section. A shorter current path can exist between the radiating arm and the corresponding feed section, which helps reduce signal transmission loss and improves the gain performance of the radiating structure.

[0009] In one example, in the first polarization direction, the first radiator has two opposing first corners, and a first radiating arm is connected between the two first corners. In the first polarization direction, the third radiator has two opposing third corners, and a third radiating arm is connected between the two third corners. In the second polarization direction, the second radiator has two opposing second corners, and a second radiating arm is connected between the two second corners; in the second polarization direction, the fourth radiator has two opposing fourth corners, and a fourth radiating arm is connected between the two fourth corners. This approach allows for full utilization of the space within the frame, facilitating the integration and miniaturization of the radiating structure. Furthermore, it allows for the placement of radiating arms with larger lengths within the limited frame space, which helps to increase the gain of the radiating structure while maintaining a miniaturized design.

[0010] In one example, the first radiator, second radiator, third radiator, and fourth radiator are any of the closed frame structures that are polygonal, circular, elliptical, or irregularly shaped. That is, the shape of each radiator can have multiple options, providing good design flexibility.

[0011] In one example, there is a first coupling gap between the first and second radiators, a second coupling gap between the second and third radiators, a third coupling gap between the third and fourth radiators, and a fourth coupling gap between the fourth and first radiators. That is, there are coupling gaps between adjacent radiators, which can increase the bandwidth of the radiation structure. Furthermore, by adjusting the coupling gaps, the coupling amount between the radiators on either side of the gap can be adjusted, which helps to optimize the bandwidth, gain, and other performance characteristics of the radiation structure.

[0012] In one example, the radiating structure further includes a first coupling plate, a second coupling plate, a third coupling plate, and a fourth coupling plate. The first coupling plate is electromagnetically coupled to both the first and second radiators; the second coupling plate is electromagnetically coupled to both the second and third radiators; the third coupling plate is electromagnetically coupled to both the third and fourth radiators; and the fourth coupling plate is electromagnetically coupled to both the fourth radiator and the first radiator. This method strengthens the coupling between adjacent radiators, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the radiating structure.

[0013] In one example, the first, second, third, and fourth connecting arms can be any of the following shapes: straight, polygonal, or curved. That is, each connecting arm can have multiple shape options, offering good design flexibility.

[0014] In one example, the length of at least one of the first, second, third, and fourth connecting arms is greater than or equal to 1 / 4λ and less than or equal to 3 / 4λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the radiating structure. This method ensures that the radiating structure has high gain performance.

[0015] In one example, the first, second, third, and fourth radial arms can be any of the following shapes: linear, polygonal, or curved. That is, the shape of each radial arm can have multiple options, providing good design flexibility.

[0016] In one example, the first radiator, second radiator, third radiator, fourth radiator, first radiating arm, second radiating arm, third radiating arm, fourth radiating arm, first connecting arm, second connecting arm, third connecting arm, and fourth connecting arm are an integral structure. This makes the radiating structure have lower manufacturing costs and a simpler process, which helps to achieve mass production and application of the radiating structure.

[0017] In one example, the first radiator, second radiator, third radiator, fourth radiator, first radiating arm, second radiating arm, third radiating arm, fourth radiating arm, first connecting arm, second connecting arm, third connecting arm, and fourth connecting arm are located in the same plane. This arrangement allows the radiating structure to have a low thickness, which is beneficial for achieving a thinner and lighter design and lower cost.

[0018] In one example, the radiating structure further includes a dielectric substrate, and the first radiator, second radiator, third radiator, fourth radiator, first radiating arm, second radiating arm, third radiating arm, fourth radiating arm, first connecting arm, second connecting arm, third connecting arm, and fourth connecting arm are all located on the dielectric substrate. That is, the radiating structure can be a circuit board structure. In this way, the radiating structure can be fabricated using circuit board manufacturing processes, offering advantages such as mature manufacturing technology and lower cost.

[0019] Secondly, this application provides an antenna system including a feeding network and the aforementioned radiating structure. The feeding network is electrically connected to the radiating structure. In the antenna system provided by this application, by equipping it with the aforementioned radiating structure, the antenna system has a larger bandwidth and higher gain, thereby improving the signal transmission performance of the antenna system. In addition, the aforementioned radiating structure can achieve a larger area (or radiating area) at a lower cost, enabling the antenna system to be well-suited for low-frequency applications.

[0020] In one example, the antenna system also includes a radio frequency (RF) unit that is fed into a feed network.

[0021] Thirdly, this application also provides a communication device, including a baseband processing unit and the aforementioned antenna system, wherein the baseband processing unit is communicatively connected to the antenna system. In the communication device provided by this application, by equipping it with the aforementioned radiating structure, the communication device possesses a larger bandwidth and higher gain, thereby improving the signal transmission performance of the communication device.

[0022] Fourthly, this application also provides a communication system, including core network equipment and the aforementioned communication equipment, wherein the communication equipment is communicatively connected to the core network equipment. In the communication system provided by this application, equipping it with the aforementioned communication equipment helps to ensure the signal transmission performance of the communication system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna transmission component applied to a base station according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A structural block diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a partial planar structural diagram of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6This is a partial planar structural diagram of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a partial planar structural diagram of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application from a certain perspective; Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram from another perspective of another radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of another radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of another radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of another radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of another radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 15 This is a side view of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 17 This is a structural block diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure label: 01-Base station; 011-RF unit; 012-Baseband processing unit; 013-Antenna adjustment bracket; 014-Mounting bracket; 015-Cable; 016-Cable; 017-Grounding device; 018-Connector seal; 02-Antenna system; 021-Radar radome; 022-Radiator; 0220-Substrate; 023-Reflector; 024-Feed network; 10, 10a, 10b - Radiation structure; 11a - First radiator; 110a - First feed section; 111a, 112a - First corner; 113a - First side; 114a - Second side; 115a - Third side; 116a - Fourth side; 11b - Second radiator; 110b - Second feed section; 111b, 112b - Second corner; 11c - Third radiator; 110c - Third feed section; 111c, 112c - Third corner; 11d - Fourth radiator; 110d - Fourth feed section; 111d, 112d - Fourth corner ; 12a - First radiating arm; 121a - First end; 122a - Second end; 12b - Second radiating arm; 12c - Third radiating arm; 12d - Fourth radiating arm; 13a - First connecting arm; 13b - Second connecting arm; 13c - Third connecting arm; 13d - Fourth connecting arm; 14ab - First coupling plate; 14bc - Second coupling plate; 14cd - Third coupling plate; 14da - Fourth coupling plate; 15 - Dielectric substrate; 16a - First decoupling stub; 16b - Second decoupling stub; 16c - Third decoupling stub; 16d - Fourth decoupling stub; ab - First coupling gap; bc - Second coupling gap; cd - Third coupling gap; da - Fourth coupling gap; 20-Baron structure. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0027] References to “an embodiment” or “a specific embodiment” as used in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and variations thereof mean “including, but not limited to,” unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0028] To facilitate understanding of the radiation structure, antenna system, communication equipment, and communication system provided in the embodiments of this application, their application scenarios will be introduced first below.

[0029] The radiating structure provided in this application embodiment can be applied to antenna systems and network devices. This radiating structure can be applied to various possible communication devices or communication systems. For example, this radiating structure can be applied to the network device, or can be used in conjunction with the network device or terminal device. The antenna system includes, but is not limited to, any one or more of passive antennas, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems, and massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems.

[0030] The network equipment in this application includes radio access network (RAN) equipment. RAN equipment may also be referred to as an access network node or access network entity. RAN equipment forms part of a communication system and is used to help terminal equipment achieve wireless access. RAN equipment includes base stations or base station modules. For example, a base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system; a Node B (NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system; an Evolutionary Node B (eNB or eNodeB) or Transmission Reception Point (TRP) in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system; a Next Generation Node B (gNodeB or gNB) in a 5th Generation (5G) or New Radio (NR) system; an access network device in an Open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN) system; a radio controller in a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN); or a wireless... This application does not specifically limit the types of base stations used in various mobile communication systems, including access nodes in Wi-Fi systems, next-generation base stations in future mobile communication systems, servers, vehicles, in-vehicle equipment, wearable devices, and base stations in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technologies (e.g., roadside units, RSUs). Base stations can be macro base stations, micro base stations, pico base stations, indoor stations, relay nodes, or donor nodes, etc., and this application does not impose any limitations. In this application, the base station module can be a hardware module, a software module, or a combination of hardware and software. For example, a base station module can be a radio unit (RU), an RF unit, or the antenna system of a base station.The radio frequency (RF) unit can be, but is not limited to, a remote radio unit (RRU), a micro remote radio unit (pRRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH). Exemplarily, the functionality of the RU can be physically implemented by the RF unit. Optionally, the base station module can use the same or different names in different systems. For example, in an O-RAN system, the RU can also be called an open (O)-RU.

[0031] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a structural example of antenna system 02 applied to base station 01. (Reference) Figure 1 Base station 01 includes antenna system 02 (also referred to as antenna), radio frequency unit 011, and baseband unit (BBU) 012. Optionally, radio frequency unit 011 and antenna system 02 can be integrated into a single unit (not shown). For example, this integrated unit can be an AAU. Optionally, base station 01 may also include one or more of the following: antenna adjustment bracket 013, mounting bracket 014, cables 015 and 016, grounding device 017, and connector seal 018. For example, antenna system 02 can be mounted on mounting bracket 014 via antenna adjustment bracket 013, wherein antenna adjustment bracket 013 is used to adjust the downtilt angle of antenna system 02 to facilitate signal reception or transmission. Alternatively, antenna system 02 can also be directly mounted on mounting bracket 014. Mounting bracket 014 can be a pole or tower, etc., without limitation.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna system 02 provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to the attached diagram. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the antenna system 02 used in base station 01 may include a radome 021. Various components are typically housed inside the antenna system 02, which is covered or enclosed by the radome 021, such as an antenna array, a reflector 023 (or base plate), a feed network 024 (or power distribution network, feed circuit, power distribution circuit, etc.), a remote control unit (RCU), and a transmission structure, or one or more of these components. The radome 021 possesses excellent electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the effects of harsh external environments in terms of mechanical performance, thus protecting the components inside the radome 021 from external environmental influences. The antenna system includes one or more antenna arrays. An antenna array includes one or more radiators 022. A radiator 022 can also be called a radiating structure or an antenna element; an antenna element can be simply referred to as an element, and it radiates electromagnetic waves. In specific applications, radiators 022 can be classified into single-polarized and dual-polarized types. In specific configurations, the type of radiator 022 can be rationally selected according to actual requirements. The antenna system's feed network 024 performs the feeding function, that is, the function of transmitting electrical signals. In the antenna field, the feeding function can also be called the power supply function, or in other words, providing energy. The function of the feed network 024 is to feed signals to the antenna radiator with a certain amplitude and phase, or to feed signals received from the radiator to the base station's signal processing unit with a certain amplitude and phase. Optionally, the feed network may include transmission lines. These transmission lines can be coaxial lines, microstrip lines (or striplines), or other forms of transmission lines, without limitation. Optionally, the feed network 024 may also include at least one of the following devices: phase shifter, power divider, combiner, filter, bridge, drive network, calibration network, and German Institute for Standardization (DIN) connector, etc.

[0033] It should be noted that, in practical applications, equipment such as mounting bracket 014 and antenna adjustment bracket 013 can be provided by the site provider. Equipment such as antenna system 02, radio frequency unit 011, and baseband processing unit 012 in the base station can be provided by the base station manufacturer.

[0034] Antenna system 02 can be connected to radio frequency unit 011 via cable 016.

[0035] Grounding device 017 is installed on cable 015. Grounding device 017 can perform functions such as electrical grounding, lightning protection, overvoltage protection, and maintenance of equipment performance, which helps to ensure the stability and safety of base station 01.

[0036] The connector seal 018 can be located at the connection between the radome 021 of the antenna system 02 and the cable 016, and / or, the connector seal 018 can be located at the connection between the grounding device 017 and the cable 015, to provide insulation and sealing. For example, the connector seal 018 can be insulating sealing tape or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulating adhesive. The connector seal 018 can also have other structures and is not limited to the form of tape.

[0037] Figure 1 The structure of base station 01 in this application is merely an example. The actual shape, size, location, and construction of each component in base station 01 are not subject to change. Figure 1 The example is not limited. Optionally, base station 01 may also include more or fewer components to achieve other functions. For example, base station 01 may also be equipped with more antennas to be able to transmit and receive more signals. This application does not limit this.

[0038] As the performance requirements for base station antennas continue to increase, the industry has placed higher demands on the bandwidth and gain performance of radiators (or radiating structures). However, currently used radiating structures cannot simultaneously achieve high bandwidth and high gain, therefore, structural improvements are needed.

[0039] Based on this, this application provides a radiation structure with a large bandwidth and high gain.

[0040] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 The three-dimensional structure of the radiation structure 10 is shown. Figure 4 The planar structure of the radial structure 10 is shown.

[0041] The radiation structure 10 includes a first radiator 11a, a second radiator 11b, a third radiator 11c, and a fourth radiator 11d. Each of these radiators is a closed-frame structure; that is, each radiator has a hollow center and a closed outer ring. The first radiator 11a, the second radiator 11b, the third radiator 11c, and the fourth radiator 11d together form a roughly crisscross oscillator, giving the radiation structure 10 a large bandwidth.

[0042] Furthermore, the radiation structure 10 also includes a first radiation arm 12a, a second radiation arm 12b, a third radiation arm 12c, and a fourth radiation arm 12d. The first radiation arm 12a is located within the space enclosed by the first radiator 11a, and both ends of the first radiation arm 12a are connected to the first radiator 11a. The second radiation arm 12b is located within the space enclosed by the second radiator 11b, and both ends of the second radiation arm 12b are connected to the second radiator 11b. The third radiation arm 12c is located within the space enclosed by the third radiator 11c, and both ends of the third radiation arm 12c are connected to the third radiator 11c. The fourth radiation arm 12d is located within the space enclosed by the fourth radiator 11d, and both ends of the fourth radiation arm 12d are connected to the fourth radiator 11d.

[0043] Furthermore, the radiating structure 10 also includes a first connecting arm 13a, a second connecting arm 13b, a third connecting arm 13c, and a fourth connecting arm 13d. The first connecting arm 13a is connected to the first radiator 11a and the second radiator 11b; the second connecting arm 13b is connected to the second radiator 11b and the third radiator 11c; the third connecting arm 13c is connected to the third radiator 11c and the fourth radiator 11d; and the fourth connecting arm 13d is connected to the fourth radiator 11d and the first radiator 11a. That is, adjacent radiators are electrically connected via connecting arms in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0044] In this way, the first radiating arm 12a, the second radiating arm 12b, the third radiating arm 12c, the fourth radiating arm 12d, the first connecting arm 13a, the second connecting arm 13b, the third connecting arm 13c, and the fourth connecting arm 13d can collectively form a folded oscillator structure, thereby enabling the radiating structure 10 to have a high gain.

[0045] Alternatively, it can be understood that the zigzag oscillator has a larger bandwidth, but its gain is slightly insufficient. Conversely, the folded oscillator has higher gain, but its bandwidth is slightly insufficient.

[0046] In the example provided in this application, the radiating structure 10 can be equivalent to the superposition of a grid-shaped oscillator and a folded oscillator. Therefore, the radiating structure 10 can simultaneously possess the characteristics of large bandwidth and high gain.

[0047] To facilitate understanding, the following will be... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The radial structure 10 shown is virtually split in terms of structure.

[0048] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, partial structures of the split radial structure 10 are illustrated.

[0049] Figure 5The structure shown is the tic-tac-toe oscillator structure in the radial structure 10. Figure 6 The structure shown is the folded oscillator structure in the radial structure 10.

[0050] like Figure 5 As shown, the first radiator 11a, the second radiator 11b, the third radiator 11c, and the fourth radiator 11d are all enclosed frame structures. Together, they form a grid-shaped oscillator. Due to the shape characteristics of the grid-shaped oscillator, when the external radio frequency circuit feeds power to the radiating structure, the grid-shaped oscillator can simultaneously excite multiple different resonant modes, thus achieving a larger bandwidth.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the first radiating arm 12a, the second radiating arm 12b, the third radiating arm 12c, the fourth radiating arm 12d, the first connecting arm 13a, the second connecting arm 13b, the third connecting arm 13c, and the fourth connecting arm 13d can together constitute a folded oscillator structure. This folded oscillator, relying on its shape characteristics, can have low losses, and therefore, can achieve high gain.

[0052] In summary, referring to the relevant documents Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The radiating structure 10 provided in this application is a fusion structure of a grid-shaped oscillator and a folded oscillator, possessing the large bandwidth characteristics of the grid-shaped oscillator and the high gain characteristics of the folded oscillator. Therefore, the radiating structure 10 can simultaneously possess the characteristics of bandwidth and high gain.

[0053] Continue reading Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first radiating arm 12a is located within the space enclosed by the first radiator 11a, the second radiating arm 12b is located within the space enclosed by the second radiator 11b, the third radiating arm 12c is located within the space enclosed by the third radiator 11c, and the fourth radiating arm 12d is located within the space enclosed by the fourth radiator 11d. This method allows for full utilization of the space enclosed by the radiators, effectively integrating the grid-shaped oscillator with the folded oscillator. This contributes to improving the integration and miniaturization of the radiating structure 10.

[0054] The two ends of the first radiating arm 12a are connected to the first radiator 11a, the two ends of the second radiating arm 12b are connected to the second radiator 11b, the two ends of the third radiating arm 12c are connected to the third radiator 11c, and the two ends of the fourth radiating arm 12d are connected to the fourth radiator 11d. In this way, after the RF circuit is fed to the first radiator 11a, it can also simultaneously achieve a feeding connection with the first radiating arm 12a. Similarly, after the RF circuit is fed to the second radiator 11b, it can also simultaneously achieve a feeding connection with the second radiating arm 12b. After the RF circuit is fed to the third radiator 11c, it can also simultaneously achieve a feeding connection with the third radiating arm 12c. After the RF circuit is fed to the fourth radiator 11d, it can also simultaneously achieve a feeding connection with the fourth radiating arm 12d. This helps simplify the configuration of the number of feeding ports and achieves efficient integration of the grid-shaped oscillator and the folded oscillator.

[0055] In specific application scenarios, the shape of the radiating structure 10 can be varied.

[0056] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this application, the following will first describe... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The radial structure 10 shown will be explained in detail, and then the possible structural deformations will be explained in conjunction with different figures and examples.

[0057] Continue reading Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first radiator 11a, the second radiator 11b, the third radiator 11c, and the fourth radiator 11d are all approximately rectangular frames.

[0058] The first radiator 11a and the third radiator 11c are spaced apart in the first polarization direction, and the second radiator 11b and the fourth radiator 11d are spaced apart in the second polarization direction, with the first and second polarization directions orthogonal to each other. The first radiator 11a and the third radiator 11c constitute one polarization radiation unit, and the second radiator 11b and the fourth radiator 11d constitute another polarization radiation unit.

[0059] like Figure 4As shown, in the first polarization direction, the first radiator 11a has two opposing first angles, denoted as first angle 111a and first angle 112a. In the first polarization direction, the third radiator 11c has two opposing third angles, denoted as third angle 111c and third angle 112c. In the second polarization direction, the second radiator 11b has two opposing second angles, denoted as second angle 111b and second angle 112b. In the second polarization direction, the fourth radiator 11d has two opposing fourth angles, denoted as fourth angle 111d and fourth angle 112d.

[0060] It should be noted that the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are used for ease of distinction. In practical applications, the first polarization direction can be parallel, perpendicular, or at an angle to the ground, and the second polarization direction can also be perpendicular, parallel, or at an angle to the ground. For example, both the first and second polarization directions may form a 45° angle with the ground. Furthermore, orthogonal setting of the first and second polarization directions includes an angle of 90° between them. It also includes approximately perpendicular angles between them. For example, the angle between the first and second polarization directions can be within the range of 90° ± 10°. Alternatively, it can be other specific angle values ​​or ranges.

[0061] like Figure 5 As shown, the four radiators are arranged in pairs at intervals. Specifically, there is a first coupling gap ab between the first radiator 11a and the second radiator 11b, a second coupling gap bc between the second radiator 11b and the third radiator 11c, a third coupling gap cd between the third radiator 11c and the fourth radiator 11d, and a fourth coupling gap da between the fourth radiator 11d and the first radiator 11a. In other words, adjacent radiators are coupled in pairs along either a counter-clockwise or clockwise direction. This method can increase the bandwidth of the radiation structure 10.

[0062] In one example, each coupling gap is a straight line of uniform width. In other examples, the coupling gaps may be curved or polygonal. Furthermore, in other examples, the width of the coupling gaps may vary. For example, in one example, the width of the coupling gaps may be a stepped shape, increasing or decreasing, from the center of the radiating structure 10 towards the edge. In practical applications, the shape, size, and other parameters of the coupling gaps can be appropriately set to adjust the coupling or isolation between the radiators on both sides of the coupling gap, thereby optimizing the impedance matching and bandwidth performance of the radiating structure 10.

[0063] In one example, the total length of the four coupling gaps can be approximately equal to the wavelength λ corresponding to the center frequency of the radiating structure 10. This can help increase the bandwidth of the radiating structure 10.

[0064] Alternatively, in some examples, the impedance matching and bandwidth performance of the radiating structure 10 can be optimized by differentiating the cross-sectional area of ​​different regions of the radiator.

[0065] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, it illustrates Figure 4 Part of the structure in the radial structure 10.

[0066] Taking the first radiator 11a as an example, the first radiator 11a can be further subdivided into a first side 113a, a second side 114a, a third side 115a, and a fourth side 116a. The widths of the second side 114a and the third side 115a are smaller than the widths of the first side 113a and the fourth side 116a. This optimizes the impedance matching and bandwidth performance of the radiating structure 10. In one example, the widths of the second side 114a and the third side 115a can be the same or different. The widths of the first side 113a and the fourth side 116a can also be the same or different. In practical applications, the width, thickness, cross-sectional area, shape, and other parameters of the aforementioned sides can be designed according to impedance matching, bandwidth, and other performance requirements, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0067] Among them, Figure 7 The example provided uses the first radiator 11a in the radiating structure 10 as an example for illustrative purposes. In actual applications, multiple sides of the second radiator 11b, the third radiator 11c, and the fourth radiator 11d can also be designed in the same or similar manner as the first radiator 11a, and will not be described again here.

[0068] Continue reading Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one example, the first radiating arm 12a, the second radiating arm 12b, the third radiating arm 12c, and the fourth radiating arm 12d are all straight.

[0069] like Figure 4As shown, the first radiating arm 12a is located within the frame of the first radiator 11a, and is connected between the first corner 111a and the first corner 112a of the first radiator 11a. Correspondingly, the second radiating arm 12b is located within the frame of the second radiator 11b, and is connected between the second corner 111b and the second corner 112b. The third radiating arm 12c is located within the frame of the third radiator 11c, and is connected between the third corner 111c and the third corner 112c. The fourth radiating arm 12d is located within the frame of the fourth radiator 11d, and is connected between the fourth corner 111d and the fourth corner 112d.

[0070] For details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7 Taking the first radiator 11a and the first radiating arm 12a as an example, the first radiating arm 12a is linear, with its first end 121a connected to the first corner 111a of the first radiator 11a, and its second end 122a connected to the second corner 112b. Placing the first radiator 11a within the rectangular frame enclosed by the first radiator 11a allows for full utilization of the space within the frame, which helps to achieve the integrated and miniaturized design of the radiating structure 10. Furthermore, the connection of the first end 121a to the first corner 111a and the second end 122a to the second corner 112b allows for the placement of a relatively long first radiating arm 12a within the limited frame space, which helps to improve the gain of the radiating structure 10 under the premise of miniaturization.

[0071] In other examples, the first radiating arm 12a can also be either a polygonal or a curved shape.

[0072] In other examples, the first end 121a of the first radiating arm 12a may also be connected to other locations of the first radiator 11a, and the second end 122a may also be connected to other locations of the first radiator 11a.

[0073] For example, the first end 121a of the first radiating arm 12a can be connected to the middle of the first side 113a, and the second end 122a can be connected to the middle of the second side 114a. That is to say, the position of the first radiating arm 12a within the frame space has multiple options, and it is sufficient to ensure that the extension direction of the first radiating arm 12a is approximately the same as the first polarization direction.

[0074] like Figure 7 As shown, in order to realize the power supply connection between the first radiator 11a and the radio frequency circuit, the first radiator 11a further includes a first power supply section 110a, which is located at the first corner 111a of the first radiator 11a.

[0075] The first end 121a of the first radiating arm 12a is connected to the first corner 111a, that is, the first end 121a of the first radiating arm 12a is connected to the first feed section 110a. In this way, there can be a shorter current path between the first feed section 110a and the first radiating arm 12a, which is beneficial to reduce signal transmission loss and improve the gain performance of the radiating structure 10.

[0076] Alternatively, it can be understood that the first power supply section 110a may be located at the connection (or region) between the first end 121a of the first radiating arm 12a and the first radiator 11a.

[0077] The above description uses the first radiator 11a and the first radiating arm 12a in the radiating structure 10 as examples. The arrangement of the other three radiators and radiating arms in the radiating structure 10 can be the same or similar to that of the first radiator 11a and the first radiating arm 12a, and will not be elaborated upon here. In short, as... Figure 4 As shown, the second radiator 11b further includes a second feed section 110b, the third radiator 11c further includes a third feed section 110c, and the fourth radiator 11d further includes a fourth feed section 110d. One end of the second radiating arm 12b is connected to the second feed section 110b, one end of the third radiating arm 12c is connected to the third feed section 110c, and one end of the fourth radiating arm 12d is connected to the fourth feed section 110d.

[0078] The four feed sections are located at the four adjacent corners of the four radiators. In this way, the distance between the first feed section 110a, the second feed section 110b, the third feed section 110c, and the fourth feed section 110d is relatively short, and the external radio frequency circuits are more convenient to connect to the radiating structure 10 for power supply.

[0079] It should be noted that the first feed section 110a, the second feed section 110b, the third feed section 110c, and the fourth feed section 110d mentioned above refer to the portions or regions in the radiating structure 10 used for electrical connection with the feed circuit. This electrical connection includes direct contact electrical connection achieved through conductive structures such as transmission lines, as well as non-direct contact coupling connection. This application does not limit the specific method of implementing the feed connection.

[0080] Continue reading Figure 3 and Figure 4The first connecting arm 13a is located on one side of the first radiator 11a and the second radiator 11b, with one end connected to the first radiator 11a and the other end connected to the second radiator 11b. The second connecting arm 13b is located on one side of the second radiator 11b and the third radiator 11c, with one end connected to the second radiator 11b and the other end connected to the third radiator 11c. The third connecting arm 13c is located on one side of the third radiator 11c and the fourth radiator 11d, with one end connected to the third radiator 11c and the other end connected to the fourth radiator 11d. The fourth connecting arm 13d is located on one side of the fourth radiator 11d and the first radiator 11a, with one end connected to the fourth radiator 11d and the other end connected to the first radiator 11a.

[0081] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, one end of the first connecting arm 13a is connected to the first corner 112a of the first radiator 11a, and the other end is connected to the second corner 112b of the second radiator 11b. One end of the second connecting arm 13b is connected to the second corner 112b of the second radiator 11b, and the other end is connected to the third corner 112c of the third radiator 11c. One end of the third connecting arm 13c is connected to the third corner 112c of the third radiator 11c, and the other end is connected to the fourth corner 112d of the fourth radiator 11d. One end of the fourth connecting arm 13d is connected to the fourth corner 112d of the fourth radiator 11d, and the other end is connected to the first corner 112a of the first radiator 11a.

[0082] In other words, the first connecting arm 13a, the second connecting arm 13b, the third connecting arm 13c, and the fourth connecting arm 13d are arranged along the outer contour formed by the four radiators. In this way, the area of ​​the radiating structure 10 is not significantly increased, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the radiating structure 10.

[0083] In other examples, the connection position of the corresponding connecting arm in the radiator can also have multiple options.

[0084] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, taking the first connecting arm 13a and the first radiator 11a as an example. One end of the first connecting arm 13a can be connected to one end of the first side 113a (e.g., Figure 7 In addition to the left end of the first side 113a, it can also be connected to the middle or other positions of the first side 113a.

[0085] The above description uses the first connecting arm 13a and the first radiator 11a in the radiating structure 10 as examples. In actual applications, the connection of the second connecting arm 13b, the third connecting arm 13c, the fourth connecting arm 13d, the second radiator 11b, the third radiator 11c, and the fourth radiator 11d can also be designed in the same or similar way as the first connecting arm 13a and the first radiator 11a, and will not be repeated here.

[0086] In one example, the length of at least one of the first connecting arm 13a, the second connecting arm 13b, the third connecting arm 13c, and the fourth connecting arm 13d is greater than or equal to 1 / 4λ and less than or equal to 3 / 4λ. Here, λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the radiating structure 10. In a specific configuration, the length of each of the aforementioned connecting arms can be 1 / 2λ, thereby ensuring that the radiating structure 10 has high gain performance.

[0087] In one example, the connecting arm described above can also be increased in length by bending, which helps to reduce the space occupied by the connecting arm and facilitates the miniaturization design of the radial structure 10.

[0088] In one example, the radial structure 10 can specifically be a sheet metal part. For example, the radial structure 10 can be fabricated using processes such as stamping and cutting to form the radial structure 10.

[0089] In one example, the first radiator 11a, the second radiator 11b, the third radiator 11c, the fourth radiator 11d, the first radiating arm 12a, the second radiating arm 12b, the third radiating arm 12c, the fourth radiating arm 12d, the first connecting arm 13a, the second connecting arm 13b, the third connecting arm 13c, and the fourth connecting arm 13d can be an integral structure.

[0090] For example, a rectangular metal plate can be used as the raw material during manufacturing. Then, processes such as stamping or shearing are used to remove a portion of the metal material to form the radial structure 10 with the desired pattern. Based on this, the radial structure 10 can be fabricated, and the components of the radial structure 10 are fixedly connected. That is, the radial structure 10 is a single, integrated structure. This method results in lower manufacturing costs and a simpler process for the radial structure 10, facilitating its mass production and application.

[0091] Understandably, in other examples, the radiating structure 10 may also be a modular structure. For example, the radiating structure 10 may include two or more modular structures, which can be fabricated separately and then fixedly connected by welding or other methods to achieve the fabrication of the radiating structure 10.

[0092] In some examples, the first radiator 11a, second radiator 11b, third radiator 11c, fourth radiator 11d, first radiating arm 12a, second radiating arm 12b, third radiating arm 12c, fourth radiating arm 12d, first connecting arm 13a, second connecting arm 13b, third connecting arm 13c, and fourth connecting arm 13d in the radiating structure 10 can be located in the same plane. This allows the radiating structure 10 to have a lower thickness, which is beneficial for achieving a thinner and lighter design.

[0093] Here, "the same plane" refers to a general plane. For example, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the upper and lower surfaces of the components in the radiating structure 10 can be flush. Alternatively, the upper or lower surfaces of some components can be flush, while the lower or upper surfaces of other components are slightly convex or concave.

[0094] In addition, in practical applications, the radiating structure 10 can be a metal sheet or a metal layer in a circuit board.

[0095] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, the three-dimensional structure of the radial structure 10 is illustrated. (Compared to...) Figure 3 Compared to the radiation structure 10 shown in the figure, in Figure 8 A dielectric substrate 15 has been added.

[0096] The first radiator 11a, the second radiator 11b, the third radiator 11c, the fourth radiator 11d, the first radiating arm 12a, the second radiating arm 12b, the third radiating arm 12c, the fourth radiating arm 12d, the first connecting arm 13a, the second connecting arm 13b, the third connecting arm 13c, and the fourth connecting arm 13d are all located on the dielectric substrate 15.

[0097] The dielectric substrate 15 can be a dielectric substrate used for fabricating a printed circuit board (PCB) or a dielectric substrate used for fabricating a flexible printed circuit (FPC). Alternatively, the dielectric substrate 15 can also be made of other insulating materials.

[0098] In one example, the radiator, radiating arm, and connecting arm in the radiating structure 10 can all be located on the same layer or the same surface of the dielectric substrate 15. This allows the radiating structure 10 to have a smaller thickness, facilitating a thinner and lighter design. Furthermore, the radiator, radiating arm, and connecting arm can be electrically connected on the same layer or the same surface, further reducing the thickness of the dielectric substrate 15 and decreasing the weight and material cost of the radiating structure 10. Alternatively, when the radiator, radiating arm, and connecting arm are located on different layers or different surfaces of the dielectric substrate 15, metal vias extending along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 15 need to be configured. However, metal vias have strict requirements regarding the minimum thickness of the dielectric substrate 15, thus limiting the thinner and lighter design of the dielectric substrate 15, and consequently, restricting its weight and cost.

[0099] It is understandable that in some other application scenarios, when there is no strict requirement for the minimum thickness of the radiating structure 10 (or dielectric substrate 15), the radiators, radiating arms and connecting arms in the radiating structure 10 can all be located in different layers or different surfaces of the dielectric substrate 15.

[0100] In addition, as mentioned in the example above, there is a coupling gap between two adjacent radiators in the counterclockwise or clockwise direction, which can improve the bandwidth of the radiation structure 10.

[0101] In other examples, the coupling between different radiators can also be strengthened by configuring other structures.

[0102] For example, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown. Among them, Figure 8 The three-dimensional structure of the radial structure 10 is shown from a certain perspective. Figure 9 This shows another perspective of the three-dimensional structure of the radial structure 10. Or rather, Figure 8 and Figure 9 The upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate 15 are shown respectively. The radiating structure 10 also includes four coupling plates, namely the first coupling plate 14ab, the second coupling plate 14bc, the third coupling plate 14cd, and the fourth coupling plate 14da. It should be noted that, in Figure 8 In the example provided, the radiator, radiating arm, and connecting arm in the radiating structure 10 are all located on the same surface of the dielectric substrate 15 (e.g., Figure 8 (The upper plate surface), the four coupling plates are all located on another plate surface of the dielectric substrate 15 (such as the upper plate surface), Figure 8(The lower plate surface). The first coupling plate 14ab is electromagnetically coupled to both the first radiator 11a and the second radiator 11b; the second coupling plate 14bc is electromagnetically coupled to both the second radiator 11b and the third radiator 11c; the third coupling plate 14cd is electromagnetically coupled to both the third radiator 11c and the fourth radiator 11d; and the fourth coupling plate 14da is electromagnetically coupled to both the fourth radiator 11d and the first radiator 11a. In this way, the coupling between two adjacent radiators can be strengthened, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the radiation structure 10. Specifically, the coupling plates can be metal plates (copper-plated plates) or metal coatings, etc. The shape of the coupling plates can be as follows: Figure 9 The layer shown is a rectangle. Alternatively, it can be a circle, ellipse, or other irregular shape.

[0103] In addition, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in one example, two adjacent connecting arms (such as the first connecting arm 13a and the fourth connecting arm 13d) are not directly connected, but are connected through a radiator (such as the first radiator 11a).

[0104] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, one end of the first connecting arm 13a (as shown) Figure 7 The left end of the fourth connecting arm 13d is connected to the first corner 112a of the first radiator 11a, and one end of the fourth connecting arm 13d (as shown in the image) is connected to the first corner 112a of the first radiator 11a. Figure 7 The upper end of the first connecting arm 13a is connected to the first corner 112a of the first radiator 11a. That is, the first connecting arm 13a and the fourth connecting arm 13d are connected through the first corner 112a of the first radiator 11a. Alternatively, it can be understood that the outer corner of the first corner 112a is partially missing.

[0105] In other examples, two adjacent connecting arms can also be directly connected.

[0106] For example, such as Figure 10 As shown, another planar structure of the radial structure 10 is illustrated. (Compared to...) Figure 8 The difference between the radiation structure 10 shown is that, in Figure 10 In the example provided, the two adjacent first connecting arms 13a are directly connected, and the other structures are basically the same. Therefore, the repeated content will not be described again.

[0107] like Figure 10 As shown, no notches are provided at the first corner 112a, the second corner 112b, the third corner 112c, and the fourth corner 112d. In this way, there can be a shorter conductive path between two adjacent connecting arms, which is beneficial for optimizing the impedance characteristics, bandwidth, and radiation gain of the radiating structure 10.

[0108] It should be noted that the example provided above is an illustrative example of a closed frame in which all four radiators are rectangles.

[0109] In other examples, the radiator can also be a closed frame structure of other shapes.

[0110] For example, such as Figures 11 to 13 As shown, three different planar structures of the radiation structure 10 are illustrated.

[0111] exist Figure 11 and Figure 12 In the example provided, the first radiator 11a, the second radiator 11b, the third radiator 11c, and the fourth radiator 11d are all closed frame structures of oblique quadrilaterals. Alternatively, it can be understood that adjacent sides of the radiators are set at an angle other than 90°.

[0112] Specifically, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, taking the first radiator 11a as an example, the first radiator 11a is subdivided into a first side 113a, a second side 114a, a third side 115a, and a fourth side 116a. The angle between the first side 113a and the second side 114a is an obtuse angle greater than 90°, and the angle between the second side 114a and the third side 115a is an acute angle less than 90°. The angle between the third side 115a and the fourth side 116a is an obtuse angle greater than 90°, and the angle between the fourth side 116a and the first side 113a is an acute angle less than 90°.

[0113] For example, such as Figure 13 As shown, in Figure 13 In the example provided, the first radiator 11a, the second radiator 11b, the third radiator 11c, and the fourth radiator 11d are all approximately elliptical closed frame structures.

[0114] Specifically, taking the first radiator 11a as an example, the first radiator 11a is subdivided into a first side 113a and a fourth side 116a. Both the first side 113a and the fourth side 116a are arc-shaped. Furthermore, there are two included angles between the first side 113a and the second side 114a, and both included angles are acute angles less than 90°. In other examples, at least one included angle may also be an obtuse angle or a right angle.

[0115] In summary, in specific application scenarios, the first radiator 11a, the second radiator 11b, the third radiator 11c, and the fourth radiator 11d can be any of the following closed frame structures: polygonal, circular, elliptical, or irregularly shaped. In other words, any side of the radiator can be a straight line, a polygonal line, a curve, etc. The four radiators can have the same shape or different shapes.

[0116] In addition, the shape of the connecting arm can be selected in a variety of ways when setting it up.

[0117] For example, such as Figure 4 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 13 As shown, in one example, the first connecting arm 13a, the second connecting arm 13b, the third connecting arm 13c, and the fourth connecting arm 13d are all straight.

[0118] Or, such as Figure 12 As shown, in another example, the first connecting arm 13a, the second connecting arm 13b, the third connecting arm 13c, and the fourth connecting arm 13d are all polygonal.

[0119] In summary, in specific application scenarios, the first connecting arm 13a, the second connecting arm 13b, the third connecting arm 13c, and the fourth connecting arm 13d can all be linear, polygonal, or curved. The shapes of the different connecting arms can be the same or different.

[0120] In practical applications, the aforementioned radiating structure 10 can be used in antenna systems to achieve signal radiation and reception.

[0121] For example, such as Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, Figure 14 A three-dimensional structure of an antenna system is shown. Figure 15 The simplified side structure of the antenna system is shown.

[0122] Specifically, the antenna system includes a reflector 023 and multiple radiating structures 10, with the multiple radiating structures 10 arrayed on the reflective surface of the reflector 023. Among these, in... Figure 14 The example provided shows four radiating structures 10, and all four radiating structures 10 are the above-mentioned fused oscillator and folded oscillator radiating structures 10.

[0123] By incorporating the aforementioned radiating structure 10, the antenna system achieves a larger bandwidth and higher gain. Furthermore, this antenna system is better suited for low-frequency applications. For example, it can be used in the 450MHz band or even lower frequencies.

[0124] Furthermore, the antenna system also includes four balun structures, with four radiating structures 10 and four balun structures respectively provided. Among the correspondingly provided radiating structures 10 and balun structures, the radiating structure 10 can be electrically connected to the feed network through the balun structure.

[0125] Specifically, such as Figure 15The side structure of the antenna system is shown in the diagram. One end of the balun structure 20 is fixedly connected to the reflector 023, and the other end is fixedly connected to the radiating structure 10. That is, the radiating structure 10 can be fixed to the reflector 023 via the balun structure 20 to ensure the stability of the radiating structure 10 and prevent positional shifts, swaying, or other adverse conditions. In addition, the balun structure 20 also includes a trace, one end of which is electrically connected to the feed of the radiating structure 10, and the other end is electrically connected to the feed network. In other words, the radiating structure 10 achieves signal connection with the feed network through the balun structure 20.

[0126] In one example, the balun structure 20 can be a flat structure, or it can also be called a line structure or a line balun.

[0127] In other examples, the balun structure 20 can also be a plate-like structure with cross-shaped intersections. Alternatively, it can be called a cross-shaped structure or a cross balun.

[0128] The balun structure 20 can have various specific structural types. For example, the balun structure 20 can be a sheet metal part. Alternatively, the balun structure 20 can also be a circuit board structure. That is to say, the traces in the balun structure 20 can be conductive lines in a circuit board.

[0129] The balun structure 20 can be selected from various commonly used types. Furthermore, the connection relationship between the balun structure 20, the radiation structure 10, and the reflector 023 can also be selected and configured according to commonly used methods; this application does not impose specific limitations in this regard.

[0130] It is understood that in some other examples, the balun structure 20 may also be omitted. The radiating structure 10 can be fixedly connected to the reflector 023 via connectors such as plastic brackets. Alternatively, the radiating structure 10 and the feeding network can be connected via coaxial cables or other means, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0131] exist Figure 14 The example provided illustrates an antenna system comprising four radiating structures 10, all operating at the same frequency band. In other examples, the antenna system may include one, two, or more radiating structures 10. Furthermore, the radiating structures 10 included in the antenna system may operate at the same or different frequency bands.

[0132] For example, such as Figure 16 As shown, a three-dimensional structure of another antenna system is illustrated.

[0133] exist Figure 16The example provided includes four large-volume (or radiating surface) radiating structures and several smaller-volume radiating structures. That is to say, in Figure 16 The example provided can be seen as being in Figure 14 Based on this, several smaller radiating structures were added. For ease of differentiation, in Figure 16 In the diagram, the four larger radiating structures are denoted as radiating structure 10a, and the other smaller radiating structures are denoted as radiating structure 10b. It is understandable that the operating frequency band of a radiating structure is clearly related to its size. Generally, the larger the radiating structure, the lower its operating frequency band. Conversely, the smaller the radiating structure, the higher its operating frequency band. Therefore, in Figure 16 In the example provided, the four larger radiating structures 10a operate at lower frequency bands, while the other several smaller radiating structures 10b operate at higher frequency bands. Thus, the antenna system can have multiple operating frequency bands.

[0134] In specific settings, the relative positional relationships between multiple radiating structures can be configured according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0135] It should be noted that in practical applications, mutual coupling may exist between radiating structures operating at different frequencies, which can reduce the radiation efficiency of the antenna system. Therefore, in some examples, the mutual coupling effect can be reduced by equipping the low-frequency radiating structure 10a with decoupling stubs.

[0136] The following will use the radial structure 10a as an example. Figure 8 The radiating structure 10 shown is used as an example for illustration.

[0137] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, in the radiation structure 10, the first radiator 11a further includes two first decoupling branches 16a, the second radiator 11b further includes two second decoupling branches 16b, the third radiator 11c further includes two third decoupling branches 16c, and the fourth radiator 11d further includes two fourth decoupling branches 16d.

[0138] By configuring decoupling stubs, the radiation performance of the radiating structure 10 can be optimized. Alternatively, it can be understood that when an antenna system is equipped with multiple adjacent radiating structures 10, configuring decoupling stubs can weaken the coupling between different radiating structures 10, thereby ensuring the performance of the antenna system.

[0139] In specific settings, there are multiple options for the location of the decoupling branch.

[0140] For example, in one embodiment, the decoupling branches in the first radiator 11a and the third radiator 11c can be arranged symmetrically along the first polarization direction. Similarly, the decoupling branches in the second radiator 11b and the fourth radiator 11d can be arranged symmetrically along the second polarization direction. In this way, the coupling between the radiating structure 10 and its adjacent high-frequency radiating structures can be reduced while ensuring good polarization radiation performance.

[0141] Understandably, in practical applications, the number, shape, and location distribution of decoupling branches can be reasonably set according to actual needs.

[0142] The aforementioned antenna system can be applied to various types of communication equipment. For example, the antenna system can be as follows: Figure 1 The antenna system 02 is shown. Furthermore, the radiating structure 10 or antenna system can be applied to various devices, including but not limited to: base stations, routers, vehicle-mounted antennas, microwaves, etc.

[0143] like Figure 17 As shown, this application also provides a communication system, which includes core network equipment and communication equipment, and the communication equipment and core network equipment are communicatively connected. The communication equipment may be, for example, a... Figure 1 The base station 01 shown is an example. Core network equipment may include, but is not limited to, mobility management equipment, serving gateways, and wireless gateways.

[0144] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A radiating structure, characterized by, It includes a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator, and a fourth radiator; Among them, the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator are all closed frame structures; The radiation structure further includes a first radiation arm, a second radiation arm, a third radiation arm, and a fourth radiation arm; The first radiating arm is located within the space enclosed by the first radiator, and both ends of the first radiating arm are connected to the first radiator; the second radiating arm is located within the space enclosed by the second radiator, and both ends of the second radiating arm are connected to the second radiator; the third radiating arm is located within the space enclosed by the third radiator, and both ends of the third radiating arm are connected to the third radiator; the fourth radiating arm is located within the space enclosed by the fourth radiator, and both ends of the fourth radiating arm are connected to the fourth radiator. The radial structure further includes a first connecting arm, a second connecting arm, a third connecting arm, and a fourth connecting arm; The first connecting arm is connected to the first radiator and the second radiator, the second connecting arm is connected to the second radiator and the third radiator, the third connecting arm is connected to the third radiator and the fourth radiator, and the fourth connecting arm is connected to the fourth radiator and the first radiator.

2. The radiating structure of claim 1, wherein, The first radiator and the third radiator are spaced apart in the first polarization direction, and the second radiator and the fourth radiator are spaced apart in the second polarization direction, with the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction being orthogonal. The first and third radiating arms extend in the first polarization direction, and the second and fourth radiating arms extend in the second polarization direction.

3. The radiating structure of claim 2, wherein, The first connecting arm is located on one side of the first radiator and the second radiator, and one end of the first connecting arm is connected to the first radiator, and the other end of the first connecting arm is connected to the second radiator. The second connecting arm is located on one side of the second radiator and the third radiator, with one end of the second connecting arm connected to the second radiator and the other end of the second connecting arm connected to the third radiator; The third connecting arm is located on one side of the third radiator and the fourth radiator, with one end of the third connecting arm connected to the third radiator and the other end of the third connecting arm connected to the fourth radiator. The fourth connecting arm is located on one side of the fourth radiator and the first radiator, with one end of the fourth connecting arm connected to the fourth radiator and the other end of the fourth connecting arm connected to the first radiator.

4. The radiating structure of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The first radiator further includes a first feed section, and a first end of the first radiating arm is connected to the first feed section; the second radiator further includes a second feed section, and a first end of the second radiating arm is connected to the second feed section; the third radiator further includes a third feed section, and a first end of the third radiating arm is connected to the third feed section; the fourth radiator further includes a fourth feed section, and a first end of the fourth radiating arm is connected to the fourth feed section.

5. The radiating structure of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, In the first polarization direction, the first radiator has two opposing first corners, and the first radiating arm is connected between the two first corners; In the first polarization direction, the third radiator has two opposing third corners, and the third radiating arm is connected between the two third corners; In the second polarization direction, the second radiator has two opposing second corners, and the second radiating arm is connected between the two second corners; In the second polarization direction, the fourth radiator has two opposing fourth corners, and the fourth radiating arm is connected between the two fourth corners.

6. The radiating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, and the fourth radiator are any of the following closed frame structures: polygonal, circular, elliptical, or irregularly shaped.

7. The radiating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, There is a first coupling gap between the first radiator and the second radiator, a second coupling gap between the second radiator and the third radiator, a third coupling gap between the third radiator and the fourth radiator, and a fourth coupling gap between the fourth radiator and the first radiator.

8. The radiating structure of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The radiation structure further includes a first coupling plate, a second coupling plate, a third coupling plate, and a fourth coupling plate; The first coupling plate is electromagnetically coupled to both the first and second radiators; the second coupling plate is electromagnetically coupled to both the second and third radiators; the third coupling plate is electromagnetically coupled to both the third and fourth radiators; and the fourth coupling plate is electromagnetically coupled to both the fourth radiator and the first radiator.

9. The radiating structure of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, the third connecting arm, and the fourth connecting arm can be any one of the following: straight line, broken line, or curved line.

10. The radiating structure of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The length of at least one of the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, the third connecting arm, and the fourth connecting arm is greater than or equal to 1 / 4λ and less than or equal to 3 / 4λ. Wherein, λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the radiating structure.

11. The radiating structure of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The first, second, third, and fourth radiating arms are any one of the following: linear, polygonal, or curved.

12. The radiating structure of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, the fourth radiating arm, the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, the third connecting arm, and the fourth connecting arm are an integral structure.

13. The radiating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, the fourth radiating arm, the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, the third connecting arm, and the fourth connecting arm are located in the same plane.

14. The radiating structure of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, The radiating structure further includes a dielectric substrate, and the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, the fourth radiating arm, the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, the third connecting arm, and the fourth connecting arm are all located on the dielectric substrate.

15. An antenna system, characterized by Includes a power supply network and a radiating structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 14; The power supply network is connected to the radiating structure for power supply.

16. The antenna system of claim 15, wherein, The antenna system further comprises a radio frequency unit, which is fed with the feed network.

17. A communication device, characterized by A communication device comprising a core network device and an antenna system as claimed in claim 17, which is communicatively connected to the core network device.

18. A communication system, characterized by A communication device comprising a core network device and an antenna system as claimed in claim 17, which is communicatively connected to the core network device.

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