A fault self-alarming electric meter box

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of meter box technology and discloses a meter box with fault self-alarm, comprising: a box body and a mounting bracket disposed within the box body, further comprising: a support bolted to the upper part of the box body; a cable reel fixed within the support for mounting on the busbar; a temperature control device slidably disposed within the cable reel; a locking element fixed to the top of the cable reel; a trigger element fixed to the cable reel; a hinge bolted to the front end of the box body; a controller fixed to the upper part of the box body; a box cover bolted to the side of the hinge away from the box body; and a first cooling fan fixed to the bottom of the box body. This invention, through the coordinated structure of the temperature control device, locking element, and trigger element, abandons the traditional meter box's protection mode of solely monitoring single overload current. It uses the overload heating of the busbar as a triggering power source to achieve cumulative monitoring of repeated overloads of the busbar and proactive early fault alarm protection, adapting to the early warning needs of frequent minor overloads of the busbar.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of meter box technology, and specifically to a meter box with fault self-alarm. Background Technology

[0002] As an auxiliary device in low-voltage power distribution systems, meter boxes are widely used in various power supply scenarios such as residential buildings, industrial and commercial plants, and municipal power distribution. They are mainly used to house transmission busbars, install and fix power distribution components, and distribute power supply circuits. They also provide dust protection, insulation, and basic heat dissipation for the internal electrical structure, ensuring a stable and orderly daily power supply. The busbar, as the core power transmission and conduction component inside the meter box, operates continuously under load. Affected by factors such as power load fluctuations, line aging, and abnormalities in downstream equipment, it is prone to frequent overload and overheating conditions. If overload hazards cannot be monitored and warned of in a timely manner, it will directly affect the operational safety and stability of the entire power distribution network. Therefore, it is crucial that meter boxes are equipped with reliable overload fault monitoring and alarm protection functions.

[0003] Currently, the overload protection and monitoring structure of traditional conventional meter boxes on the market is relatively rudimentary, with a single and fixed monitoring mode. They possess instantaneous monitoring of single-time busbar overload current and single-point threshold monitoring of overload temperature. Basic power outage protection or simple warning actions are only triggered when the busbar's single-time overload current exceeds the limit or the instantaneous operating temperature exceeds a fixed preset limit. Traditional meter boxes lack overload frequency accumulation statistics and frequent overload alarm structures, making it impossible to effectively capture and accumulate records of minor overloads and short-term, repetitive, intermittent overload conditions commonly encountered during line operation. Minor overload conditions involve small single-time overload current amplitudes and low temperature rises, which do not reach the alarm triggering standards of traditional meter boxes and cannot be detected or identified over a long period. However, repeated minor overloads will continuously accumulate electrical losses, gradually accelerating the aging and performance degradation of the insulation of the busbar and the power distribution components within the box, leading to long-term latent electrical faults.

[0004] Traditional meter boxes lack monitoring and alarm mechanisms for the frequency of overload occurrence, cannot identify the frequent characteristics of early electrical faults, and cannot provide early warning of latent faults. They can only provide passive protection after the fault worsens and causes serious overloads or short circuits. They cannot conduct equipment inspections and maintenance interventions in advance, which can easily lead to safety accidents such as busbar burnout, power outages, or even electrical fires. The overall protection is not targeted enough and the forward-looking nature of operational safety is insufficient, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of refined safety protection for current power distribution lines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a meter box with fault self-alarm, which effectively avoids early latent electrical faults from evolving into major safety accidents such as short circuits and burnouts.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: Firstly, a fault-alarm meter box includes: a box body and a mounting bracket disposed within the box body, and further includes: Support, bolted to the upper part of the enclosure; cable reel, fixed inside the support, for fitting onto the busbar; temperature control, slidably disposed inside the cable reel; locking element, fixed to the top of the cable reel; trigger element, fixed to the cable reel; hinge, bolted to the front end of the enclosure; controller, fixed to the upper part of the enclosure; enclosure cover, bolted to the side of the hinge away from the enclosure; first cooling fan, fixed to the bottom of the enclosure. The heat-conducting ring is fixed on the cable tray; A mounting ring is fixed to the top of the cable tray; a slip ring is slidably disposed at the bottom of the cable tray and slidably sleeved on the heat-conducting ring plate; two inner ring seats are provided, and the two inner ring seats are fixed to the mounting ring and the slip ring; a shape memory alloy spring is fixed to the inner ring seats at both ends; two outer ring seats are provided, and the two outer ring seats are fixed to the mounting ring and the slip ring; a return spring is fixed to the outer ring seats at both ends; a stroke ring is fixed to the slip ring and slidably sleeved on the heat-conducting ring plate; four stroke curved plates are provided, and the four stroke curved plates are fixedly distributed at equal angles on the stroke ring; a curved head is fixed to the end of the stroke curved plate away from the stroke ring; a bearing is fixed to the inner wall of the cable tray on its outer ring; a misalignment ring is nested in the inner ring of the bearing; and a slanted ring groove is formed on the side of the misalignment ring facing the stroke curved plate. The ratchet is fixed on the side of the misalignment ring away from the inclined ring groove; the swivel is fixed on the top of the cable tray; the ratchet shaft is rotatably mounted on the swivel; the pawl is fixed at one end to the ratchet shaft and extends into the ratchet tooth groove of the ratchet. A trigger ring is fixed at one end to a ratchet and extends slidably out of a cable tray at the other end; two electrode seats are provided, and the two electrode seats are fixedly distributed at equal angles on the cable tray; a positive electrode plate is fixed on the electrode seat; a negative electrode plate is fixed on the electrode seat; an electrode groove is formed on the trigger ring; and an electrode lever is fixed in the electrode groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the temperature control also includes: Pressure relief holes are provided on the slip ring; misalignment grooves are provided on the four travel curved plates; misalignment heads are fixed at equal angles on the heat-conducting ring plates and located in the misalignment grooves.

[0008] Furthermore, the locking element also includes: The torsion shaft is fixed on the ratchet shaft; the first limiting block is fixed on the end of the ratchet shaft away from the torsion shaft; the second limiting block is fixed on the side of the rotary seat away from the torsion shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the locking element also includes: The spring seat is fixed to the top of the cable tray and is rotatably sleeved on the end of the torsion shaft away from the rotating seat; the spring ring is fixed to the end of the torsion shaft away from the spring seat; the torsion spring is fixed at one end to the spring seat and at the other end to the spring ring.

[0010] Furthermore, a wiring hole is provided above the electrode holder.

[0011] Furthermore, the controller includes: The control box is fixed on top of the enclosure; the electrical socket is fixed on top of the control box; the switch button is fixed on top of the control box; the indicator light is fixed on top of the control box; the second mesh plate is fixed on top of the control box; the second cooling fan is fixed inside the control box and located on the second mesh plate; the buzzer is fixed inside the control box; the processor is fixed inside the control box; the heat dissipation vent is located at the bottom of the control box; and the ribbon cable hole is located at the bottom of the control box.

[0012] Furthermore, bolt holes are provided on both sides of the support.

[0013] Furthermore, a first sealing ring is fixedly provided at the top of the cable tray, a first sealing groove is provided on the inner side of the first sealing ring, and a first sealing rubber ring is provided in the first sealing groove.

[0014] Furthermore, a sealing ring is fixed to the top of the heat-conducting ring plate, and a second sealing ring is fixed below the sealing ring. A second sealing groove is provided on the outer side of the second sealing ring, and a second sealing rubber ring is provided in the second sealing groove.

[0015] Furthermore, heat dissipation grooves are provided on both sides of the box, drainage holes are provided at the bottom of the box, and a first mesh plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the box.

[0016] The above-described solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention, through the coordinated structure of temperature control, locking components, and triggering components, abandons the traditional protection mode of single-time overload current monitoring by meter boxes. It uses the overload heating of the busbar as the triggering power source to achieve cumulative monitoring of repeated busbar overload counts and proactive early fault alarm protection, adapting to the need for early warning of latent faults caused by frequent minor overloads in the early stages of the busbar. The shape memory alloy spring accurately senses changes in busbar overload temperature rise through thermal deformation and contraction. The misalignment groove and misalignment head guide the linkage action of rotation, linear rise, and then reverse rotation. The curved head and inclined ring groove work together to drive the misalignment ring to rotate in a specific direction, completing the mechanical accumulation of overload. After the busbar cools down and returns to normal, the structure automatically resets, ensuring smooth and uninterrupted operation of the single overload sensing action. The ratchet and pawl limit locking action allows the ratchet to rotate forward, completing the overload counting. This effectively prevents the ratchet from reversing and causing counting errors, and retains the cumulative rotational displacement of each bus overload, ensuring accurate overload count statistics. The rotation of the trigger ring drives the electrode contacts to gradually approach the positive and negative electrode plates, achieving cumulative recording of overload frequency through gradual electrode contact and conduction. It records the number of bus overload occurrences rather than the severity of individual overloads, capturing the early characteristics of frequent electrical faults but low individual overload amplitudes. When the cumulative overload count reaches a preset standard, the electrode contacts and positive and negative electrode plates form an electrical signal loop. The controller's internal processor immediately activates the indicator lights and buzzer to trigger an audible and visual alarm, reminding maintenance personnel to conduct early bus inspections and equipment maintenance. This helps prevent latent electrical faults from evolving into short circuits and burnouts, effectively improving the safety of the meter box's power distribution operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a first-view overall structural diagram of a fault self-alarm meter box provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 An embodiment of the present invention provides a meter box with fault self-alarm. Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 3 This is a second-view overall structural diagram of a fault self-alarm meter box provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control box structure of a fault self-alarm meter box provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cable tray structure for a fault self-alarm meter box provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 An embodiment of the present invention provides a meter box with fault self-alarm. Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B; Figure 7A schematic diagram of a shape memory alloy spring structure for a fault self-alarm meter box provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 An embodiment of the present invention provides a meter box with fault self-alarm. Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C; Figure 9 An embodiment of the present invention provides a meter box with fault self-alarm. Figure 7 Enlarged view of point D; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a heat-conducting ring structure for a fault-alarm meter box provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a misaligned ring structure for a fault self-alarm meter box provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a ratchet structure for a fault self-alarm meter box provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: In the diagram: 1. Housing; 101. Heat dissipation groove; 102. Drain hole; 103. First mesh plate; 2. Mounting bracket; 3. Support; 301. Bolt hole; 4. Cable tray; 401. Heat-conducting ring; 402. First sealing ring; 403. First sealing groove; 404. First sealing rubber ring; 405. End sealing ring; 406. Second sealing ring; 407. Second sealing groove; 408. Second sealing rubber ring; 5. Temperature control device; 501. Mounting ring; 502. Slip ring; 503. Inner ring seat; 504. Shape memory alloy spring; 505. Outer ring seat; 506. Return spring; 507. Stroke ring; 508. Stroke curved plate; 509. Curved head; 5010. Bearing; 5011. Misalignment ring; 5012. Inclined ring groove; 5013. Pressure relief hole; 5014. Misalignment groove; 5015. 6. Misalignment head; 6. Locking component; 601. Ratchet; 602. Rotary seat; 603. Ratchet shaft; 604. Pawl; 605. Torsion shaft; 606. First limit block; 607. Second limit block; 608. Spring seat; 609. Spring ring; 6010. Torsion spring; 7. Trigger; 701. Trigger ring; 702. Electrode seat; 703. Positive electrode plate; 704. Negative electrode plate; 705. Electrode groove; 706. Electrode lever; 707. Wiring hole; 8. Hinge; 9. Controller; 901. Control box; 902. Electrical socket; 903. Switch button; 904. Indicator light; 905. Second mesh plate; 906. Second cooling fan; 907. Buzzer; 908. Processor; 909. Heat dissipation vent; 9010. Cable routing hole; 10. Cover; 11. First cooling fan. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fault self-alarm meter box, including: a box body 1 and a mounting bracket 2 disposed inside the box body 1; further including: a support 3, bolted to the upper part of the box body 1; a cable reel 4, fixed inside the support 3 for fitting onto the busbar; a temperature control 5, slidably disposed inside the cable reel 4; a locking member 6, fixed to the top of the cable reel 4; a trigger member 7, fixed to the cable reel 4; a hinge 8, bolted to the front end of the box body 1; a controller 9, fixed to the upper part of the box body 1; a box cover 10, bolted to the side of the hinge 8 away from the box body 1; a first cooling fan 11, fixed to the bottom of the box body 1; and a heat-conducting ring 401, fixed to the cable reel 4.

[0021] Heat dissipation slots 101 are provided on both sides of the box body 1, and drainage holes 102 are provided at the bottom of the box body 1. A first mesh plate 103 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the box body 1.

[0022] Bolt holes 301 are provided on both sides of the support 3.

[0023] A first sealing ring 402 is fixedly installed at the top of the inner side of the cable tray 4. A first sealing groove 403 is opened on the inner side of the first sealing ring 402. A first sealing rubber ring 404 is installed in the first sealing groove 403. A sealing end ring 405 is fixedly installed at the top of the heat-conducting ring plate 401. A second sealing ring 406 is fixed below the sealing end ring 405. A second sealing groove 407 is opened on the outer side of the second sealing ring 406. A second sealing rubber ring 408 is installed in the second sealing groove 407.

[0024] The controller 9 includes: a control box 901, fixed above the housing 1; an electrical socket 902, fixed above the control box 901; a switch button 903, fixed above the control box 901; an indicator light 904, fixed above the control box 901; a second mesh plate 905, fixed above the control box 901; a second cooling fan 906, fixed inside the control box 901 and located on the second mesh plate 905; a buzzer 907, fixed inside the control box 901; a processor 908, fixed inside the control box 901; a heat dissipation vent 909, located at the bottom of the control box 901; and a cable routing hole 9010, located at the bottom of the control box 901.

[0025] Specifically, the housing 1 achieves internal heat dissipation, water drainage, and external dust protection through the heat dissipation groove 101, drainage hole 102, and first mesh plate 103, while the support 3 achieves quick assembly and disassembly through bolt hole 301.

[0026] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control device 5 includes: a mounting ring 501 fixed to the top of the inner side of the cable tray 4; a sliding ring 502 slidably disposed at the bottom of the inner side of the cable tray 4 and slidably sleeved on the heat-conducting ring plate 401; two inner ring seats 503, which are fixed to the mounting ring 501 and the sliding ring 502; a shape memory alloy spring 504, both ends of which are fixed to the inner ring seats 503; two outer ring seats 505, which are fixed to the mounting ring 501 and the sliding ring 502; a return spring 506, both ends of which are fixed to the outer ring seats 505; and a travel ring 507 fixed to the sliding ring 502 and slidably sleeved on the heat-conducting ring plate 401. 1. The stroke curved plate 508 is provided in four parts, which are fixedly distributed at equal angles on the stroke ring 507; the inclined head 509 is fixed on the end of the stroke curved plate 508 away from the stroke ring 507; the bearing 5010 is fixed on the inner wall of the cable tray 4; the misalignment ring 5011 is nested on the inner ring of the bearing 5010; the inclined ring groove 5012 is opened on the side of the misalignment ring 5011 facing the stroke curved plate 508; the pressure relief hole 5013 is opened on the slip ring 502; the misalignment groove 5014 is opened on the four stroke curved plates 508; the misalignment head 5015 is fixed at equal angles on the heat-conducting ring plate 401 and is located in the misalignment groove 5014.

[0027] Specifically, the temperature control unit 5 is powered by the thermal deformation of the shape memory alloy spring 504, which, together with the reset spring 506, enables the automatic reset of the structure. The linkage action of rotation and linear reversal is completed by the limiting and guiding of the misalignment groove 5014 and the misalignment head 5015. The pressure relief hole 5013 balances the air pressure in the cavity to ensure smooth sliding. The curved head 509 and the inclined ring groove 5012 work together to drive the misalignment ring 5011 to rotate in an directional manner, completing the accumulation of overload machinery.

[0028] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking member 6 includes: a ratchet 601, fixed on the side of the misaligned ring 5011 away from the inclined ring groove 5012; a rotating base 602, fixed on the top of the cable tray 4; a ratchet shaft 603, rotatably mounted on the rotating base 602; and a pawl 604, one end of which is fixed on the ratchet shaft 603 and the other end of which extends into the ratchet groove of the ratchet 601. The locking component 6 further includes: a torsion shaft 605, fixed on the ratchet shaft 603; a first limiting block 606, fixed on the end of the ratchet shaft 603 away from the torsion shaft 605; a second limiting block 607, fixed on the side of the rotating seat 602 away from the torsion shaft 605; a spring seat 608, fixed inside the top of the cable tray 4, and rotatably sleeved on the end of the torsion shaft 605 away from the rotating seat 602; a spring ring 609, fixed on the end of the torsion shaft 605 away from the spring seat 608; and a torsion spring 6010, one end fixed on the spring seat 608 and the other end fixed on the spring ring 609.

[0029] Specifically, the locking component 6 achieves one-way locking of overload counting through the one-way engagement of ratchet 601 and pawl 604. Torsion spring 6010 continuously provides reset torque to ensure that pawl 604 is engaged. Together with the first limit block 606 and the second limit block 607, they limit and block each other to prevent ratchet 601 from rotating in the opposite direction, and firmly retain the accumulated value of each overload without loss.

[0030] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trigger 7 includes: a trigger ring 701, one end of which is fixed to the ratchet 601 and the other end of which slides out of the cable tray 4; two electrode seats 702, which are fixedly distributed at equal angles on the cable tray 4; a positive electrode plate 703, which is fixed to the electrode seat 702; a negative electrode plate 704, which is fixed to the electrode seat 702; an electrode groove 705, which is formed on the trigger ring 701; and an electrode paddle 706, which is fixed in the electrode groove 705.

[0031] A wiring hole 707 is provided on the top of the electrode holder 702.

[0032] Specifically, the wiring hole 707 connects to the external wires via bolts, enabling the electrode holder 702 to be connected to the internal processor 908 of the controller 9. The trigger ring 701 rotates with the ratchet 601, causing the electrode lever 706 to gradually approach the positive electrode 703 and the negative electrode 704. After multiple accumulations, the electrodes conduct and output an electrical signal, providing a precise triggering basis for fault self-alarm.

[0033] Working principle: Cable reel 4 is fitted onto the busbar, but cable reel 4 does not contact the busbar. The busbar is the incoming busbar of the meter box, made of copper conductor. All distribution circuits in the meter box draw power from the busbar, and each distributor is fastened to the mounting bracket 2 with bolts. When the busbar is working normally, the busbar operating current does not exceed the rated current carrying capacity, and the busbar temperature is within the safe range. When the busbar is overloaded, the busbar operating current exceeds the rated current carrying capacity, the busbar temperature rises, and it is in an overload state. This solution uses temperature control 5 and locking element 6 to... The coordinated action of trigger 7 utilizes the high temperature generated by bus overload to accumulate and record overload conditions, and can trigger fault alarms for short-term repeated overload conditions; the cumulative overload alarm reflects the frequency of bus overload occurrence, rather than the severity of a single overload; the frequency of minor overloads in early electrical faults increases, but the amplitude of a single overload is not high, thus achieving early warning and timely alarm of electrical faults, facilitating early maintenance by staff; at the same time, when the overload temperature is high, the temperature detection unit in the meter box will sound an alarm.

[0034] When the real-time operating current of the busbar exceeds the rated setting value and enters the overload operation state, the operating temperature of the busbar body will continue to rise gradually with the overload duration. The heat emitted from the surface of the busbar will be directly radiated to the surface of the heat-conducting ring plate 401. After receiving the heat, the heat-conducting ring plate 401 quickly and evenly transfers the heat energy to the shape memory alloy spring 504 arranged inside the cable tray 4. The shape memory alloy spring 504 is affected by the heat effect of the temperature rise and its physical shape will deform and shrink. During the shrinkage process, the shape memory alloy spring 504 directly pulls the slip ring 502 to move smoothly upward along the internal track of the cable tray 4. During the movement of the slip ring 502, the stroke ring 507 and the stroke curved plate 508 are simultaneously driven to move upward. While the slip ring 502 moves upward, it continuously compresses the reset spring 506, allowing the reset spring 506 to store elastic reset potential energy, providing stable power support for the subsequent automatic reset of the structure.

[0035] Throughout the upward movement of the travel curved plate 508 following the slip ring 502, the misalignment groove 5014 of the travel curved plate 508 is rigidly constrained by the misalignment head 5015 of the heat-conducting ring plate 401. The travel curved plate 508 moves directionally along the preset trajectory of the misalignment groove 5014. In the initial stage of movement, the travel curved plate 508 first completes a rotational movement at a fixed angle, causing the initial overlapping and fitting positions of the misalignment head 5015 and the misalignment groove 5014 to be misaligned and separated. Subsequently, the travel curved plate 508 continues to maintain a vertical upward displacement state. The inclined structure at the top of the misalignment head 5015 and the misalignment groove... The bottom inclined structure of 5014 forms a close contact state. Then, the stroke curved plate 508 synchronously drives the curved head 509 fixed at the end to complete the reverse rotation action at a fixed angle. The angle displacement of the reverse rotation of the stroke curved plate 508, combined with the close contact between the inclined surface of the curved head 509 and the inclined ring groove 5012, steadily pushes the misalignment ring 5011 to rotate on the bearing 5010 to complete the fixed angle rotation motion. During the rotation of the misalignment ring 5011, it synchronously drives the ratchet 601 and the trigger ring 701 to complete the coaxial rotation action, completing the mechanical angle transmission displacement corresponding to a single overload.

[0036] As the real-time operating current of the busbar gradually recovers from the overload state to the rated standard normal value, the operating temperature of the busbar body will gradually and naturally decrease. The overall temperature of the cable tray 4 and the heat-conducting ring plate 401 will gradually decrease and reset. The temperature of the shape memory alloy spring 504 will decrease, and the reset spring 506 will release the elastic potential energy stored in the early stage. Under the elastic driving action of the reset spring 506, the slip ring 502 will be pushed to slide smoothly down along the internal track of the cable tray 4 and reset. The misalignment groove 5014 of the travel curved plate 508 will continue to be constrained by the misalignment head 5015. The travel curved plate 508 will fall back along the preset reverse running trajectory of the misalignment groove 5014. The entire temperature control device 5 transmission structure will gradually return to the initial standby working state, preparing for the next busbar overload triggering action.

[0037] During the rotation of the misalignment ring 5011, the ratchet 601 is synchronously driven to complete the same direction of rotation. The pawl 604 continuously swings back and forth to avoid the ratchet structure of the ratchet 601 during the forward rotation of the ratchet 601, and will not have any obstruction effect on the forward overload counting rotation of the ratchet 601. It only forms a hard locking limit constraint when the ratchet 601 rotates in the opposite direction. During the reciprocating swing of the pawl 604, the ratchet shaft 603 is synchronously driven to rotate inside the rotating seat 602. During the rotation of the ratchet shaft 603, the torsion shaft 605 and the first limit block 606 are synchronously rotated. During the rotation of the torsion shaft 605, the torsion spring 6010 is continuously torsionally twisted, so that the torsion spring 6010 generates a reverse torsional torque. The torsion torque of the torsion spring 6010 itself continuously drives the pawl 604 to always be engaged inside the ratchet groove of the ratchet 601. In conjunction with the second limit block 607 restricting the direction of the first limit block 606, the reverse rotation of the ratchet 601 is effectively prevented.

[0038] Each rotation of the misalignment ring 5011 synchronously drives the trigger ring 701 to rotate coaxially. During the rotation of the trigger ring 701, the two ends of the electrode lever 706 gradually approach the positive electrode 703 and negative electrode 704 on the electrode seat 702. The electrode spacing gradually decreases, thus completing the cumulative recording of one overload operation fault. Each time the busbar experiences an overload heating condition where the operating current exceeds the rated value, the shape memory alloy spring 504 will be heated and contracted, pulling the inner ring seat 503, slip ring 502, stroke ring 507, stroke curved plate 508, and curved head 509 to complete a complete set of upward transmission actions. This drives the misalignment ring 5011 to rotate at a fixed angle. The misalignment ring 5011 synchronously drives the ratchet 601 and the trigger ring 701 to rotate at the corresponding standard angle. During the rotation of the trigger ring 701, the electrode lever 706 is continuously driven to rotate and move, further approaching the positive electrode 703 and negative electrode 704.

[0039] After multiple busbar overload conditions accumulate, both ends of electrode plate 706 will be in complete contact with positive electrode plate 703 and negative electrode plate 704, forming a closed conductive circuit between the electrodes. The processor 908 fixed inside the controller 9 receives the electrical signals of electrode plate 706, positive electrode plate 703 and negative electrode plate 704 in real time. After receiving the electrical signals, the processor 908 activates the indicator light 904 and buzzer 907 to complete the fault audible and visual alarm prompt. According to the operation and maintenance protection requirements of different busbars, the staff can pre-set the cumulative number of times the electrical signals of electrode plate 706 and positive electrode plate 703 and negative electrode plate 704 are triggered, adapting to the early warning of latent faults caused by frequent minor overloads of the busbar, and adapting to the fault alarm triggering standards of different field conditions.

[0040] When the internal temperature of the electrical equipment in enclosure 1 becomes too high due to prolonged operation and accumulated heat, the first cooling fan 11 starts running. The first cooling fan 11 draws in ambient air and sends it into the internal cavity of enclosure 1. The flowing air continuously carries away the heat generated by the operation of the electrical equipment in enclosure 1. The heat-carrying air flows through the heat dissipation slots 101 on both sides of enclosure 1 and quickly dissipates the heat to the external environment, achieving rapid heat dissipation and cooling of the internal temperature of enclosure 1. When the internal components of control box 901 accumulate heat due to prolonged operation and the internal temperature of the cavity becomes too high, the second cooling fan 906 starts running. The second cooling fan 906 draws in ambient air and sends it into control box 901. The flowing air carries away the heat generated by the operation of the internal components of control box 901. The heated air is discharged through the heat dissipation vent 909 at the bottom of control box 901 and then discharged from the heat dissipation slots 101 of enclosure 1 to the outside of the meter box, continuously ensuring that the internal components of controller 9 are always within a safe operating temperature range.

[0041] The switch button 903 on the top of the controller 9 is mainly used to start and stop the overall control circuit of the controller 9, realizing the start and stop control of the entire fault alarm system. The power socket 902 is used for external power supply to provide stable external power support for the operation of the controller 9. When water accumulates inside the box 1 due to the humid environment or rainwater leakage, the water can be automatically discharged through the drain hole 102 at the bottom of the box 1 to prevent water from soaking the internal electrical structure and causing short circuit or leakage faults. The cover 10 realizes the opening and closing operation of the front opening of the box 1 through the rotational connection of the hinge 8. The operator can open the cover 10 to inspect and maintain the internal electrical equipment and alarm structure of the box 1. Closing the cover 10 can protect the internal structure from external dust and rainwater corrosion. During the upward movement of the slip ring 502, a negative pressure state will be formed inside the sealed cavity formed by the cable tube 4, the heat-conducting ring 401 and the slip ring 502. The pressure relief hole 5013 opened in the slip ring 502 can balance the air pressure inside the sealed cavity in real time, eliminate the jamming effect caused by the negative pressure resistance on the upward movement of the slip ring 502, and ensure that the entire transmission structure of the temperature control 5 operates smoothly and stably, without being disturbed by air pressure difference.

[0042] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fault self-reporting meter cabinet comprising: The enclosure and the mounting bracket disposed within the enclosure are characterized in that they further include: Support, bolted to the upper part of the enclosure; cable reel, fixed inside the support, for fitting onto the busbar; temperature control, slidably disposed inside the cable reel; locking element, fixed to the top of the cable reel; trigger element, fixed to the cable reel; hinge, bolted to the front end of the enclosure; controller, fixed to the upper part of the enclosure; enclosure cover, bolted to the side of the hinge away from the enclosure; first cooling fan, fixed to the bottom of the enclosure. The heat-conducting ring is fixed on the cable tray; A mounting ring is fixed to the top of the cable tray; a slip ring is slidably disposed at the bottom of the cable tray and slidably sleeved on the heat-conducting ring plate; two inner ring seats are provided, and the two inner ring seats are fixed to the mounting ring and the slip ring; a shape memory alloy spring is fixed to the inner ring seats at both ends; two outer ring seats are provided, and the two outer ring seats are fixed to the mounting ring and the slip ring; a return spring is fixed to the outer ring seats at both ends; a stroke ring is fixed to the slip ring and slidably sleeved on the heat-conducting ring plate; four stroke curved plates are provided, and the four stroke curved plates are fixedly distributed at equal angles on the stroke ring; a curved head is fixed to the end of the stroke curved plate away from the stroke ring; a bearing is fixed to the inner wall of the cable tray on its outer ring; a misalignment ring is nested in the inner ring of the bearing; and a slanted ring groove is formed on the side of the misalignment ring facing the stroke curved plate. The ratchet is fixed on the side of the misalignment ring away from the inclined ring groove; the swivel is fixed on the top of the cable tray; the ratchet shaft is rotatably mounted on the swivel; the pawl is fixed at one end to the ratchet shaft and extends into the ratchet tooth groove of the ratchet. A trigger ring is fixed at one end to a ratchet and extends slidably out of a cable tray at the other end; two electrode seats are provided, and the two electrode seats are fixedly distributed at equal angles on the cable tray; a positive electrode plate is fixed on the electrode seat; a negative electrode plate is fixed on the electrode seat; an electrode groove is formed on the trigger ring; and an electrode lever is fixed in the electrode groove.

2. The fault self-alarm meter box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control also includes: Pressure relief holes are provided on the slip ring; misalignment grooves are provided on the four travel curved plates; misalignment heads are fixed at equal angles on the heat-conducting ring plates and located in the misalignment grooves.

3. A fault-alarm meter box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking element further includes: The torsion shaft is fixed on the ratchet shaft; the first limiting block is fixed on the end of the ratchet shaft away from the torsion shaft; the second limiting block is fixed on the side of the rotary seat away from the torsion shaft.

4. A fault-alarm meter box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking element further includes: The spring seat is fixed to the top of the cable tray and is rotatably sleeved on the end of the torsion shaft away from the rotating seat; the spring ring is fixed to the end of the torsion shaft away from the spring seat; the torsion spring is fixed at one end to the spring seat and at the other end to the spring ring.

5. A fault-alarm meter box according to claim 1, characterized in that, A wiring hole is provided on the top of the electrode holder.

6. A fault-alarm meter box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller includes: The control box is fixed on top of the enclosure; the electrical socket is fixed on top of the control box; the switch button is fixed on top of the control box; the indicator light is fixed on top of the control box; the second mesh plate is fixed on top of the control box; the second cooling fan is fixed inside the control box and located on the second mesh plate; the buzzer is fixed inside the control box; the processor is fixed inside the control box; the heat dissipation vent is located at the bottom of the control box; and the ribbon cable hole is located at the bottom of the control box.

7. A fault-alarm meter box according to claim 1, characterized in that, Bolt holes are provided on both sides of the support.

8. A fault-alarm meter box according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first sealing ring is fixedly installed at the top of the cable tray, and a first sealing groove is opened on the inner side of the first sealing ring. A first sealing rubber ring is installed in the first sealing groove.

9. A fault-alarm meter box according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring is fixed to the top of the heat-conducting ring plate, and a second sealing ring is fixed below the sealing ring. A second sealing groove is provided on the outer side of the second sealing ring, and a second sealing rubber ring is provided in the second sealing groove.

10. A fault-alarm meter box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box has heat dissipation grooves on both sides, drainage holes at the bottom of the box, and a first mesh plate fixedly installed at the bottom of the box.

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