A protection device for a power transformation cabinet and a safety control method thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a protective device for a transformer cabinet and its safety control method. The device includes a space, a perforated plate horizontally disposed at the bottom of the space, an airflow channel equipped with a fan, a flow channel horizontally formed below the space, and an air inlet at one end away from the space, and a flow disturbance component disposed within the flow channel and located on the side of the perforated plate near the air inlet. The component includes a rigid cylinder disposed along the airflow direction within the flow channel and guide vanes disposed within the rigid cylinder. After passing through the rigid cylinder, the airflow is guided by the guide vanes to form a rotating airflow below the perforated plate. The device operates using a control method that converts the linear airflow into a rotating airflow through the flow disturbance component. Combined with the perforated plate flow equalization and modular zoned air distribution mode, it breaks the traditional fixed airflow path, allowing cold air to cover the transformer body in all directions without blind spots. This solves the industry pain points of single airflow, uneven heat dissipation, and localized heat accumulation in existing technologies, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat dissipation technology for transformer substations, and in particular to a protective device for transformer substations and its safety control method. Background Technology

[0002] Substation cabinets are key power distribution equipment in power transmission and distribution systems. The transformers, switches, instrument transformers, and other components inside the cabinet will continuously generate heat loss during long-term operation under load. If the heat inside the cabinet cannot be dissipated in time, it can easily cause excessive temperature rise, accelerate insulation aging, reduce equipment service life, and in severe cases, cause faults such as short circuits, tripping, or even fires, directly affecting the operational stability and safety of the power distribution system.

[0003] Currently, the main heat dissipation methods for substation cabinets include natural ventilation, forced air cooling, heat pipe cooling, and cabinet air conditioning.

[0004] Traditional natural ventilation cooling structures are simple, energy-efficient, and easy to maintain, making them the mainstream cooling method for small and medium-sized transformer cabinets. However, existing natural ventilation structures mostly use side wall or top opening ventilation modes, without directional air duct design for the core heat-generating areas of the transformer. The airflow path is fixed, and the flow pattern is singular. Cold air can only enter and exit directly along fixed channels, failing to evenly cover the transformer body. There are many heat dissipation blind spots inside the cabinet, which easily leads to localized heat accumulation in the transformer and uneven temperature distribution in the cabinet.

[0005] Forced air cooling improves heat dissipation efficiency by actively supplying air through a fan, but it also suffers from the same problems as natural air cooling: the heat dissipation path is fixed and it cannot dissipate heat evenly within the transformer installation space.

[0006] In summary, existing substation heat dissipation technologies each have their drawbacks. Traditional natural ventilation, in particular, suffers from core problems such as fixed airflow paths, lack of turbulent flow distribution structures, poor heat dissipation uniformity, and severe localized heat accumulation in the transformer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to optimize and improve the natural ventilation heat dissipation structure of substations. By optimizing the air duct layout and adding turbulent flow guiding structures, the fixed airflow pattern can be broken, improving the uniformity of airflow within the cabinet and the heat dissipation efficiency of core heat sources, thus addressing the industry pain points of uneven heat dissipation and localized heat accumulation in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by providing a protective device for substations and its safety control method.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a protective device for a substation cabinet, comprising a space, and further comprising: The perforated plate is horizontally positioned at the bottom of space one; An airflow channel is located at the upper end of space one and is equipped with a fan; The flow channel is formed horizontally below space one, with the air inlet located at the end furthest from space one; The turbulence assembly is disposed in the flow channel and located on the side of the orifice plate near the air inlet. It includes a rigid cylinder arranged along the airflow direction in the flow channel and guide vanes disposed in the rigid cylinder. After passing through the rigid cylinder, the airflow is guided by the guide vanes and can form a rotating airflow below the orifice plate.

[0009] Furthermore, an installation plate is provided inside the flow channel, which divides the flow channel into two parts, and multiple flow-disrupting components are provided on the installation plate at intervals; Located on the side of the mounting plate near the orifice plate, a baffle is provided in the flow channel, which divides the area of ​​the flow channel below the orifice plate into multiple areas corresponding to multiple flow disturbance components.

[0010] Furthermore, the mounting plate is provided with multiple connecting cylinders, and the rigid cylinder is detachably and fixedly connected to the connecting cylinders.

[0011] Furthermore, the turbulence-disrupting component also includes: A support cylinder is connected to and coaxially arranged with a rigid cylinder, and is rotatably fitted with a support shaft. A rotating drum is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the support shaft; The gear shaft is rotatably mounted on the support cylinder and drives the rotating cylinder and the support shaft. The guide vanes include multiple ones, which are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder around the axis of the support shaft, and the multiple guide vanes slide in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the rigid cylinder; the rotating cylinder is configured to be in a locked state when the airflow flows through the rigid cylinder in the direction close to the orifice plate, and in a released state when the airflow flows through the rigid cylinder in the direction away from the orifice plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the support cylinder is provided with a mounting hole that rotatably engages with the gear shaft, and a radial hole communicating with the mounting hole is provided on its outer circumferential surface. A locking rod adapted to the gear shaft is guided inside the radial hole. The outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder is rotatably fitted with an airflow drive sleeve, and the inner circumferential surface of the airflow drive sleeve is provided with a drive slope that is adapted to the locking rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the gear shaft comprises a plurality of gears evenly spaced around the axis of the support cylinder, and the radial holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the gear shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, a filter plate is provided on the side of the mounting plate away from the perforated plate. A rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the filter plate. A plug-in sleeve is provided at one end of the rotating shaft near the perforated plate, and a cleaning component is driven to the other end. Filter holes are provided on the filter plate around the rotating shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the end of the support shaft away from the rotating drum is provided with external teeth, and the insertion sleeve is inserted into the end of the support shaft for transmission.

[0016] On the other hand, this application also provides a safety control method for a transformer cabinet, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The fan operates, expelling the airflow from space 1 outwards and creating negative pressure within space 1; Step 2: The external airflow enters the flow channel under negative pressure and flows through the turbulence component. The airflow forms a rotating airflow below the orifice plate after passing through the turbulence component, and then flows through the orifice plate into space one, passing through space one from bottom to top.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes: Step 3: After the fan has been running for the predetermined time, switch the pumping direction to pump airflow into space 1, creating positive pressure in space 1. Step 4: The airflow flows in the opposite direction through the rigid cylinder, the rotating cylinder is in the released state, the airflow drives the guide vanes to drive the rotating cylinder to rotate, the rotating cylinder drives the support shaft to rotate, the support shaft drives the rotating shaft to rotate and drive the cleaning component to rotate to sweep and clean the filter holes, and at the same time the airflow flows in the opposite direction through the filter plate.

[0018] The protective device and safety control method for substations disclosed in this invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art: This application innovatively designs a layered directional air duct structure, which, combined with a turbulence-inducing component, transforms straight airflow into rotating airflow. By combining perforated plate flow equalization and modular zoned air distribution mode, it breaks the traditional fixed airflow path. Cold air can cover the transformer body in all directions without blind spots, solving the industry pain points of single airflow, uneven heat dissipation, and local heat accumulation in existing technologies. It stabilizes the temperature difference inside the control cabinet within 3°C and improves heat dissipation efficiency.

[0019] The turbulence component of this application has a bidirectional working mode. In the forward direction, it realizes airflow turbulence and heat dissipation, and in the reverse direction, it recovers air kinetic energy to provide power for the automatic cleaning structure of the filter plate. The pre-filter structure can purify the intake air. With the bidirectional blowing and cleaning process, it can simultaneously complete the three major functions of heat dissipation, intake air filtration and automatic impurity removal. There is no need to add independent drive components, simplifying the internal structure of the cabinet and reducing the manufacturing cost of the equipment. By relying on the switching of pure airflow to realize the automatic switching of the drum state, and in conjunction with the fan timed reversing control system, the entire process of heat dissipation and impurity removal is carried out automatically without human intervention, which optimizes the internal operating environment of the substation in all aspects and improves the overall operating stability and safety of the power distribution system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the transformer cabinet in this invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the substation structure in this invention.

[0022] Figure 3This is a cross-sectional view of the substation structure in this invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of a protective device for a transformer cabinet according to the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of a protective device for a transformer cabinet according to the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turbulence unit in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows a partially enlarged structural schematic at point A in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turbulence unit in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0028] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the turbulence component in this invention.

[0029] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The diagram shows a partially enlarged structural schematic at point B in this invention.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the airflow drive sleeve in this invention.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a partial structural diagram of the turbulence component in this invention.

[0032] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The diagram shows a partially enlarged structural schematic at point C in this invention.

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the connecting sleeve and gear shaft in this invention.

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the filter plate, rotating shaft, and cleaning component in this invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Space 1; 10. Airflow channel; 102. Fan; 11. Perforated plate; 2. Space 2; 4. Base; 40. Filter element; 41. Base plate 1; 410. Airflow channel 1; 411. Partition plate; 42. Base plate 2; 420. Airflow channel 2; 43. Mounting plate; 430. Connecting cylinder; 45. Filter plate; 450. Filter hole; 57. Rotating shaft; 570. Cleaning component; 571. Insert sleeve; 5. Flow turbulence assembly; 50. Rigid cylinder; 51. Ventilation frame; 52. Rotary cylinder; 520. Guide vane; 521. Gear ring; 522. Support shaft; 5220. External gear; 53. Support cylinder; 530. End plate; 54. Airflow drive sleeve; 540. Drive blade; 541. Drive inclined surface; 542. Positioning surface; 55. Connecting sleeve; 550. Radial hole; 56. Gear shaft; 560. Intermediate shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention. Example

[0037] refer to Figure 1 The specific structure of the substation cabinet is as follows: it includes a space 1 for accommodating the transformer and a space 2 for accommodating switches and other components. Below is a base 4, which is hollow inside to form a flow channel. In the prior art, when the substation cabinet uses forced air cooling, the air inlet is mostly set on the side wall of space 1. The airflow cools the transformer in space 1 according to a fixed path. The airflow cannot evenly cover space 1 where the transformer is located, resulting in many heat dissipation blind spots and serious local heat accumulation, which cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements of the transformer's core heat source. At the same time, conventional air-cooled structures do not have a layered ventilation structure, and the airflow is disordered, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency.

[0038] To address the above issues, refer to Figures 1 to 6 This application provides a protective device 3 for a transformer cabinet, including a space 1, a perforated plate 11 between the space 1 and the flow channel, the perforated plate 11 having through holes evenly distributed on it, and being horizontally positioned at the bottom of the space 1. An airflow channel 10 is located at the upper end of space 1. The outer layer of the airflow channel 10 may be made of materials such as heat insulation cotton to reduce heat exchange between the airflow and space 2. The airflow channel 10 is equipped with a fan 102. The flow channel is formed horizontally below the space 1 and is specifically set inside the base 4. It includes the flow channel 410 corresponding to the space 1 and the flow channel 420 corresponding to the space 2. An air inlet is set at the end away from the space 1. The turbulence component 5 is disposed in the flow channel and located on the side of the orifice plate 11 near the air inlet. It includes a rigid cylinder 50 disposed along the airflow direction in the flow channel and a guide vane 520 disposed in the rigid cylinder 50. After passing through the rigid cylinder, the airflow is guided by the guide vane 520 and can form a rotating airflow below the orifice plate 11.

[0039] This embodiment constructs a bottom-in, top-out directional cooling air duct, which differs from the traditional direct-blowing ventilation structure. By changing the airflow pattern through the turbulence component 5, the straight airflow is transformed into a rotating airflow. The rotating airflow can disturb the airflow within the flow channel 410, significantly expanding the coverage area of ​​the cold air. Combined with the flow equalization effect of the perforated plate 11, the heat dissipation blind zone inside the space 1 is reduced, effectively solving the problem of local heat accumulation in the transformer. The temperature difference inside the space 1 can be controlled within 3°C, and the heat dissipation uniformity is significantly improved. The overall structure relies on the principle of negative pressure natural ventilation for heat dissipation, without the need for additional high-power power supply components, resulting in low energy consumption and convenient operation and maintenance.

[0040] On the other hand, the flow channel is set inside the base 4, and the base 4 can contact the ground for heat exchange, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the airflow in the flow channel and improve the heat dissipation effect. When the airflow flows through the flow channel, it flows from the second flow channel 420 to the first flow channel 410. In the flow channel, it can exchange heat with the bottom plate of the upper space 2, achieving the effect of heat dissipation inside the space 2. refer to Figure 3 In practical applications, the airflow channel 10 can be set on one side of space-1, or it can be set on both sides of space-1 to further improve the uniformity of heat dissipation.

[0041] Furthermore, it is understandable that a single integrated flow channel cannot effectively distribute airflow to multiple sets of turbulence components 5, easily leading to airflow turbulence and uneven airflow distribution in different areas. This results in excessive airflow in some areas and insufficient airflow in others, and also causes significant differences in heat dissipation at different locations of the transformer. To address this issue, refer to... Figures 3 to 5 The flow channel is provided with an installation plate 43, which divides the flow channel into two parts. Specifically, the installation plate 43 can be extended along the width direction of the substation, and multiple flow disturbance components 5 are spaced apart on the installation plate 43 along the length direction of the installation plate 43. A base plate 41 is detachably installed below the flow channel 410, and a base plate 42 is detachably installed below the flow channel 420. Baffles 411 are evenly spaced on the base plate 41. When the base plate 41 is installed on the base 4, the baffles 411 can divide the flow channel 410 located below the perforated plate 11 into multiple areas corresponding to multiple flow disturbance components 5.

[0042] The installation plate 43 and the partition plate 411 divide the flow channel 410 into multiple areas. When the airflow enters the flow channel 410 from the flow channel 420 through the installation plate 43, it is first diverted by multiple rigid cylinders 50 on the installation plate 43. The diverted airflow will be guided by the guide vanes 520 of the turbulence component 5 to form a rotating airflow, thereby realizing modular partitioned airflow distribution of the flow channel, eliminating airflow turbulence and collision, greatly improving the airflow distribution accuracy, and making the heat dissipation effect of each area of ​​the transformer more consistent, thus improving the heat dissipation uniformity.

[0043] As a specific implementation method, it is understood that in actual use, a filter element 40 can be installed at the air inlet of the flow channel to filter large debris such as leaves. However, small impurities and dust will still enter the flow channel, and dust will accumulate on the guide vanes 520 of the turbulence component 5 after prolonged use, affecting the performance. (Refer to...) Figures 4 to 6 To facilitate the cleaning of the aerodynamic component 5 later, multiple connecting cylinders 430 are integrally provided on the mounting plate 43. The rigid cylinder 50 is detachably and fixedly connected to the connecting cylinder 430 through a flange. The perforated plate 11 can be set as a structure made up of multiple pieces and is detachably and fixedly connected to the base 4, thereby facilitating the disassembly and cleaning of the aerodynamic component 5 later. Example

[0044] This application provides a protective device for a substation cabinet. It is understood that small debris may enter the flow channel and, once inside, will flow with the airflow to the turbulence-disrupting component 5. It may become stuck in the guide vanes 520 and rigid cylinder 50 of the turbulence-disrupting component 5, thereby reducing its turbulence-disrupting effect. To prevent small debris from entering the turbulence-disrupting component 5, refer to... Figure 5 On the side of the mounting plate 43 away from the flow channel 410, a filter plate 45 is installed on the mounting plate 43. The filter plate 45 can filter impurities in the airflow. However, after impurities accumulate on the filter plate 45, they will affect the airflow. It is necessary to control the fan 102 to reverse drive and backflush clean periodically. Since the filter plate 45 is provided with filter holes 450, some sizes of impurities may get stuck in the filter holes 450 and are not easy to backflush clean.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, refer to Figures 7 to 15 To reduce the ingress of larger debris into the flow-deflecting assembly 5, the flow-deflecting assembly 5 further includes: The support cylinder 53 is connected to and coaxially arranged with the rigid cylinder 50, and is rotatably coupled with the support shaft 522. Rotary cylinder 52 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the support shaft 522; The gear shaft 56 is rotatably mounted on the support cylinder 53 and is connected to the rotating cylinder 52 and the support shaft 522 in a transmission manner. The guide vanes 520 include a plurality of vanes, which are evenly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating cylinder 52 around the axis of the support shaft 522, and the plurality of guide vanes 520 slide in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the rigid cylinder 50; the rotating cylinder 52 is configured to be in a locked state when the airflow flows through the rigid cylinder 50 in the direction close to the orifice plate 11, and in a released state when the airflow flows through the rigid cylinder 50 in the direction away from the orifice plate 11.

[0046] Specifically, the support cylinder 53 is integrally connected to a plate-shaped ventilator 51. During installation, the ventilator 51 is connected to the connecting cylinder 430. The support shaft 522 is coaxially arranged with the rigid cylinder 50 and cooperates with the support cylinder 53 and the rotating cylinder 52. The support shaft 522 is externally rotatably sleeved and axially anti-movement fitted with the rotating cylinder 52. A gear shaft 56 is also rotatably fitted on the support cylinder 53. A gear ring 521 coaxially arranged at the end of the rotating cylinder 52 is connected to the gear shaft 56 for transmission. An external tooth 5220 is also provided at the end of the support shaft 522. The other end of the gear shaft 56 is driven by the external tooth 5220 through an intermediate shaft 560. Under normal conditions, the airflow passes from the flow channel 420 through the rigid cylinder 50. When the filter plate 410 enters the flow channel, the rotating drum 52 is locked, and the guide vanes 520 on the outer circumference of the rotating drum 52 will not rotate. This achieves the effect of guiding the airflow and forming a rotating airflow. When it is necessary to periodically backflush to clean the filter plate 45, the airflow will flow in the opposite direction through the rigid cylinder 50. At this time, the rotating drum 52 is released, and the reverse airflow can push the guide vanes 520 to drive the rotating drum 52 to rotate. After the rotating drum 52 rotates, it drives the support shaft 522 to rotate through the gear shaft 56. At this time, the support shaft 522 can drive a cleaning component 570 to clean the filter plate 45, thus forming a dual method of mechanical cleaning and backflushing cleaning, improving the cleaning effect.

[0047] The above configuration gives the turbulence component 5 a two-way function. In the forward direction, it realizes airflow turbulence and heat dissipation. In the reverse direction, it can recover the kinetic energy of the airflow and convert it into mechanical energy. The auxiliary structure can be driven without the need for an additional drive motor. When the rotating drum 52 is driven by the airflow to rotate around the axis during backflush, the guide vanes 520 rotate synchronously. The outer circumferential surface of the guide vanes 520 is in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the rigid cylinder 50 to scrape and clean the dust attached to the inner circumferential surface of the rotating drum 52. After cleaning, the dust flows out with the backflush airflow.

[0048] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 13 The end of the support cylinder 53 away from the vent frame 51 is provided with a receiving space for accommodating the end of the gear shaft 56 and the intermediate shaft 560. An end plate 530 is detachably installed at the end of the receiving space for dust prevention.

[0049] As a specific implementation method, the locking and releasing structure of the rotating drum 52 is as follows: (Refer to...) Figure 7 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 14 The end of the support cylinder 53 is detachably and fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve 55. The connecting sleeve 55 is provided with an installation hole. The gear shaft 56 is rotatably engaged with the connecting sleeve 55. The outer circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve 55 is provided with a radial hole 550 that communicates with the installation hole. A locking rod (not shown in the figure) adapted to the gear shaft 56 is guided in the radial hole 550. The locking rod can float in the radial hole 550. The outer peripheral surface of the connecting sleeve 55 is rotatably fitted with an airflow drive sleeve 54. The inner peripheral surface of the airflow drive sleeve 54 is provided with a drive inclined surface 541 adapted to the locking rod. Each drive inclined surface 541 is provided with a positioning surface 542 facing away from each other. The outer peripheral surface of the airflow drive sleeve 54 is provided with a drive blade 540.

[0050] With the above configuration, when the airflow flows forward through the rigid cylinder 50, the airflow will generate a driving force on the drive blade 540. At this time, the airflow will drive the sleeve 54 to rotate. During the rotation, the drive inclined surface 541 will squeeze the end of the locking rod in the radial hole 550, thereby causing the locking rod to move inward along the radial hole 550 until the end of the locking rod abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the gear shaft 56. Under the driving force of the drive inclined surface 541, the locking rod is pressed against the gear shaft 56. Under the friction between the locking rod and the gear shaft 56, the rotation of the gear shaft 56 is restricted. At this time, the meshing of the gear shaft 56 and the gear ring 521 achieves the effect of locking the rotating cylinder 52.

[0051] When the airflow backflushes the filter plate 45 and flows in the opposite direction through the rigid cylinder 50, the airflow flows in the opposite direction through the drive blades 540 on the airflow drive sleeve 54, thereby providing a reverse driving force to the drive blades 540, which in turn drives the airflow drive sleeve 54 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the drive inclined surface 541 to leave the end of the locking rod. At this time, the pressure of the locking rod on the gear shaft 56 disappears, the friction drops sharply, and the locking force on the rotating cylinder 52 drops sharply. At this time, when the airflow passes through the guide vane 520, the rotating cylinder 52 has a tendency to rotate. The airflow can push the rotating cylinder 52 to rotate. After the airflow drive sleeve 54 rotates a certain angle, the positioning surface 542 contacts the end of the locking rod. The end of the locking rod extending out of the radial hole 550 will limit the airflow drive sleeve 54 to continue rotating through the positioning surface 542. The rotating cylinder 52 will drive the support shaft 522 to rotate through the gear shaft 56, thereby achieving the effect of locking and releasing the rotating cylinder 52 through the forward and reverse airflow.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, to improve the driving stability of the rotating drum 52 and the support shaft 522, the gear shaft 56 includes a plurality of gears evenly arranged around the support shaft 522, specifically three. Three radial holes 550 are also correspondingly provided, with a locking rod guided within each radial hole 550. The airflow drive sleeve 54 includes three corresponding drive ramps 541. With this arrangement, the three gear shafts 56 are evenly arranged around the support shaft 522. This improves the stability of the transmission power. Furthermore, when the airflow drive sleeve 54 is rotated to lock the rotating drum 52, the three drive ramps 541 can drive the three locking rods to lock the three gear shafts 56 respectively, thus providing a more sufficient locking force and ensuring full locking of the rotating drum 52. Further, as a preferred embodiment, a filter plate 45 is horizontally fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate 43 away from the perforated plate 11. The filter plate 45 has densely packed circular filter holes 450 for intercepting airborne debris. A rotating shaft 57 is horizontally rotatably mounted at the center of the filter plate 45. The rotating shaft 57 is coaxially arranged with the support shaft 522 of the corresponding turbulence-inducing component 5. A plug-in sleeve 571 is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft 57 near the perforated plate 11, and the other end extends to the outside of the filter plate 45 and is fitted with a cleaning component 570. During assembly, the plug-in sleeve 571 can be sleeved with the support shaft 522. The end of the support shaft 522 is provided with external teeth 5220, and the inner circumferential surface of the plug-in sleeve 571 can be provided with internal teeth that mate with the external teeth 5220, thus enabling circumferential transmission after sleeve engagement. (Reference) Figure 15 The cleaning component 570 may include three rigid frames, with brushes on the side of the rigid frames facing the filter plate 45. When rotating, the brushes can clean the surface of the filter plate 45, and combined with the back-blowing airflow, a better cleaning effect can be achieved.

[0053] As a specific implementation method, refer to Figure 3 A filter element 40 is also provided at the opening of the flow channel. The filter element 40 can filter large-sized debris to prevent large-sized debris from entering the flow channel. When the filter plate 45 is backflushed and cleaned, the debris that is backflushed and cleaned on the surface of the filter plate 45 can be discharged through the filter element 40. Example

[0054] This application also provides a safety control method for a transformer substation, which is based on the transformer substation protection device described in any of the above embodiments, and specifically includes two main execution steps: Step 1: Positive and negative pressure heat dissipation. Start the fan 102 inside the upper airflow channel 10 of space 1. The fan 102 continuously draws out the high-temperature gas inside space 1, so that a negative pressure environment is formed inside space 1 and the lower airflow channel. Step 2: Negative pressure airflow for heat dissipation. Under the action of negative pressure differential, ambient temperature cold air enters the base 4 flow channel through the air inlet, passes through the filter plate 45 for purification and the turbulence component 5 for guidance, forming a uniform rotating airflow. The rotating airflow evenly fills the flow channel 410. Then, it evenly seeps into the space 1 from bottom to top through the air holes of the perforated plate 11, improving the uniformity of airflow contact with the transformer. After heat exchange is completed, the hot air is drawn out again by the fan 102 for circulating heat dissipation. The above method utilizes the principle of negative pressure adsorption to construct a bottom-in, top-out directional ventilation duct. External cold air enters from the bottom channel, and after filtration, turbulence, and flow equalization, it precisely acts on the core heat source transformer. The upward airflow direction matches the physical characteristic of hot air rising, reducing airflow circulation resistance. Combined with rotating airflow, it eliminates heat dissipation blind spots and improves heat exchange efficiency. Compared with the traditional continuous air supply mode, it can reduce energy consumption. The duct layout that conforms to the flow characteristics of hot air reduces airflow energy loss and improves heat dissipation efficiency.

[0055] Furthermore, it is understandable that when the filter plate 45 intercepts debris for a long time, the accumulation of debris will lead to a decrease in the air permeability of the filter plate 45, thereby affecting the heat dissipation effect. Based on the above problems, the protective device of the transformer cabinet in this application is equipped with a back-blowing cleaning function, and a reverse positive pressure blowing cleaning control process is added during operation. Specifically, based on the forward heat dissipation process in steps one and two above, a reverse positive pressure cleaning step is added: Step three, timed reversing control of fan 102, setting a predetermined duration for a single forward heat dissipation of fan 102 (preferably a cumulative duration of 24 to 48 hours), after reaching the preset duration, the control system switches the pumping direction of fan 102 from exhaust mode to supply mode, actively pumping room temperature air into space one 1, so that space one 1 and the inside of the flow channel form a positive pressure environment, wherein each reverse pumping lasts for 1 to 2 minutes; Step four, linkage cleaning operation, the positive pressure air in space one 1 The airflow flows from top to bottom through the perforated plate 11, and then flows in the opposite direction through the rigid cylinder 50. The airflow drive sleeve 54 in the turbulence assembly 5 deflects and releases the rotating cylinder 52 under the driving action of the airflow. The rotating cylinder 52 is unlocked and enters the release state. The airflow pushes the guide vane 520 to drive the rotating cylinder 52 and the support shaft 522 to rotate. The support shaft 522 drives the rotating shaft 57 and the cleaning component 570 to rotate synchronously through the plug sleeve 571, which performs all-round cleaning of the filter holes 450 of the filter plate 45. At the same time, the reverse high-pressure airflow removes impurities from the filter holes 450 and then discharges them from the outlet of the flow channel along with the back-blowing airflow, achieving the cleaning effect. Through the above configuration, the fan 102 achieves two main functions—negative pressure cooling and positive pressure cleaning—through bidirectional reversal. The positive negative pressure handles routine cooling, while the reverse positive pressure automatically releases the rotating drum 52 from its lock due to airflow. Driven by the airflow, the drum 52 rotates, triggering the cleaning components to automatically unclogging the filter plate 45. Simultaneously, high-pressure reverse airflow blows away accumulated dust inside the cabinet, achieving integrated cooling and dust removal control. In negative pressure cooling mode, the airflow drives the airflow drive sleeve 54 to deflect and lock the gear shaft 56, thus locking the rotating drum 52. At this time, the guide vanes 520 do not rotate, providing stable guidance for the passing airflow and forming a stable rotating airflow. This achieves fully automatic integrated cooling and dust removal control, eliminating the need for manual disassembly and maintenance of the filter plate 45 and cabinet, significantly reducing maintenance workload. Timed reversal cleaning prevents filter hole clogging at its source, ensuring long-term unobstructed airflow and improving the safety of the substation operation.

[0056] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A protection device for a power transformer cabinet comprising a space (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The perforated plate (11) is horizontally positioned at the bottom of space one (1); An airflow channel (10) is provided at the upper end of space one (1) and is equipped with a fan (102). The flow channel is formed horizontally below the space (1), and the air inlet is provided at the end away from the space (1); The turbulence assembly (5) is disposed in the flow channel and located on the side of the orifice plate (11) near the air inlet. It includes a rigid cylinder (50) disposed along the airflow direction in the flow channel and a guide vane (520) disposed in the rigid cylinder (50). After passing through the rigid cylinder, the airflow is guided by the guide vane (520) to form a rotating airflow below the orifice plate (11).

2. The protective device for a substation cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, An installation plate (43) is provided inside the flow channel, which divides the flow channel into two parts. Multiple flow-disrupting components (5) are provided on the installation plate (43) at intervals. Located on the side of the mounting plate (43) near the perforated plate (11), a baffle (411) is provided in the flow channel. The baffle (411) divides the area of ​​the flow channel below the perforated plate (11) into multiple areas corresponding to multiple flow disturbance components (5).

3. A protection device for a power transformation cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting plate (43) is provided with a plurality of connecting cylinders (430), and the rigid cylinder (50) is detachably and fixedly connected to the connecting cylinders (430).

4. The protective device for a power transformation cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbulence component (5) further includes: The support cylinder (53) is connected to the rigid cylinder (50) and coaxially arranged, and is rotatably fitted with the support shaft (522). The rotating cylinder (52) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the support shaft (522); The gear shaft (56) is rotatably mounted on the support cylinder (53) and is connected to the rotating cylinder (52) and the support shaft (522). The guide vanes (520) include a plurality of them, which are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder (52) around the axis of the support shaft (522), and the plurality of guide vanes (520) slide in cooperation with the inner circumferential surface of the rigid cylinder (50); the rotating cylinder (52) is configured to be in a locked state when the airflow flows through the rigid cylinder (50) in the direction close to the orifice plate (11), and in a released state when the airflow flows through the rigid cylinder (50) in the direction away from the orifice plate (11).

5. A protection device for a power transformation cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support cylinder (53) is provided with a mounting hole that rotatably engages with the gear shaft (56), and a radial hole (550) communicating with the mounting hole is provided on the outer circumferential surface. A locking rod adapted to the gear shaft (56) is provided in the radial hole (550) for guiding. The outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder (53) is rotatably fitted with an airflow drive sleeve (54), and the inner circumferential surface of the airflow drive sleeve (54) is provided with a drive ramp (541) adapted to the locking rod.

6. A protection device for a power transformation cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that The gear shaft (56) includes a plurality of gears evenly spaced around the axis of the support cylinder (53), and the radial holes (550) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the gear shaft (56).

7. A protection device for a power transformer cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that A filter plate (45) is provided on the side of the mounting plate (43) away from the perforated plate (11). A rotating shaft (57) is rotatably provided on the filter plate (45). A plug sleeve (571) is provided at one end of the rotating shaft (57) near the perforated plate (11), and a cleaning component (570) is driven to the other end. Filter holes (450) are provided on the filter plate (45) around the rotating shaft (57).

8. A protection device for a power transformation cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support shaft (522) has an external tooth (5220) at the end away from the rotating drum (52), and the plug sleeve (571) is plugged into the end of the support shaft (522) for transmission.

9. A safety control method of a power transformation cabinet, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The fan (102) operates to exhaust the airflow in space 1 (1) to the outside, creating a negative pressure in space 1 (1); Step 2: The external airflow enters the flow channel under negative pressure and flows through the turbulence component (5). The airflow forms a rotating airflow below the perforated plate (11) after passing through the turbulence component (5) and then flows through the perforated plate (11) into space 1 (1), and passes through space 1 (1) from bottom to top.

10. The safety control method of a power transformation cabinet according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: Step 3: After the fan (102) has been working for a predetermined time, switch the pumping direction and pump airflow into space 1 (1) to create positive pressure in space 1 (1); Step 4: The airflow flows in the opposite direction through the rigid cylinder (50), the rotating cylinder (52) is in the released state, the airflow pushes the guide vane (520) to drive the rotating cylinder (52) to rotate, the rotating cylinder (52) drives the support shaft (522) to rotate, the support shaft (522) drives the rotating shaft (57) to rotate, which drives the cleaning component (570) to rotate to sweep and clean the filter hole (450), and at the same time the airflow flows in the opposite direction through the filter plate (45).

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