A protection system based on a magnetic control type intelligent circuit breaker

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of power system protection technology and aims to solve the problems of poor real-time performance, reduced computing resource allocation, and decreased system reliability in existing single-master control systems. The protection system based on a magnetically controlled intelligent circuit breaker includes: a sensing module for acquiring voltage and residual current signals of the distribution line; a dual-master control module, including a first master control unit and a second master control unit, wherein the first master control unit performs voltage protection logic judgment based on the voltage signal to generate a first protection command, and the second master control unit performs residual current protection logic judgment based on the residual current signal to generate a second protection command; a collaborative decision-making module for receiving the first and / or second protection commands, making a comprehensive decision based on the first and / or second protection commands, and issuing a trip command to the magnetically controlled operation module; and the magnetically controlled operation module driving the circuit breaker to trip based on the trip command.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system protection technology, and specifically to a protection system based on a magnetically controlled intelligent circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] As the core protection and execution unit in modern power distribution systems, the performance of intelligent circuit breakers directly affects the safe, stable, and reliable operation of the power grid. Traditional intelligent circuit breakers mostly use a single main control chip to collect, calculate, and make protection logic judgments for all electrical parameters (such as current, voltage, and residual current).

[0003] However, with the increasing complexity of protection functions and the ever-increasing demands for reliability and speed of action, traditional single-control systems suffer from poor real-time performance, reduced computational resource allocation, and decreased system reliability when processing multiple high-speed analog signal acquisitions and executing various protection algorithms in parallel. For example, when a line fault occurs, such as a short circuit, overload, or leakage, a single processor must simultaneously complete the acquisition, analog-to-digital conversion, digital filtering, and feature calculation of multiple high-speed analog signals such as voltage, current, and residual current, and execute the logical judgments of multiple protection algorithms almost simultaneously. This leads to excessive processor load and increased response delay, making it difficult to guarantee the speed and accuracy of all protection functions under complex faults or sudden changes. All protection functions rely on a single control unit. Once this control unit fails due to hardware failure, program crashes, or strong interference, the entire protection system faces the risk of complete paralysis, posing a significant safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Purpose of the invention The purpose of this invention is to provide a protection system based on a magnetically controlled intelligent circuit breaker, which aims to solve the problems of poor real-time performance, poor allocation of computing resources, and reduced system reliability in existing single master control systems.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To address the above problems, this invention provides a protection system based on a magnetically controlled intelligent circuit breaker, the system comprising: The sensing module is used to collect voltage and residual current signals of the power distribution line; A dual master control module is connected to the sensing module. The dual master control module includes a first master control unit and a second master control unit. The first master control unit performs voltage protection logic judgment based on the voltage signal and generates a first protection command. The second master control unit performs residual current protection logic judgment based on the residual current signal and generates a second protection command. The collaborative decision-making module is connected to the dual master control module and is used to receive the first protection command and / or the second protection command, make a comprehensive decision based on the first protection command and / or the second protection command, and issue a trip command to the magnetic control operation module. The magnetic control operation module is connected to the collaborative decision-making module and drives the circuit breaker to trip based on the trip command.

[0006] Preferably, the sensing module includes a voltage transformer and a zero-sequence current transformer; The voltage transformer is connected to the first main control unit and is used to collect the voltage signal of the power distribution line and output it to the first main control unit. The zero-sequence current transformer is connected to the second main control unit and is used to collect the residual current signal of the power distribution line and output it to the second main control unit.

[0007] Preferably, the sensing module further includes a current transformer, which is connected to the collaborative decision-making module and is used to collect the load current signal of the power distribution line. The collaborative decision-making module is also used to perform overload protection and short-circuit protection logic judgment based on the load current signal.

[0008] Preferably, the collaborative decision-making module includes an instruction receiving unit, a self-protection unit, and a decision arbitration unit; The instruction receiving unit is connected to the dual main control module and is used to receive the first protection instruction and / or the second protection instruction. The self-protection unit is connected to the sensing module and is used to perform overload protection and short circuit protection logic judgment based on the load current signal to generate a self-protection judgment result. The decision arbitration unit is connected to the instruction receiving unit and the self-protection unit respectively, and is used to integrate the self-protection judgment result with the received first protection instruction and second protection instruction, and make a comprehensive decision according to a preset priority.

[0009] Preferably, the collaborative decision-making module further includes a safety interlock unit, which is connected to the dual master control module; The safety interlock unit is used to take safety interlock measures and record relevant fault information when it receives a fault self-test abnormal signal from the first main control unit or the second main control unit.

[0010] Preferably, the first main control unit includes a voltage acquisition subunit and a voltage protection judgment subunit; The voltage acquisition subunit is connected to the sensing module and is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering on the voltage signal to generate processed voltage data. The voltage protection judgment subunit is connected to the voltage acquisition subunit and is used to perform at least one voltage protection logic judgment among overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection and zero-loss protection based on the processed voltage data to generate the first protection instruction.

[0011] Preferably, the second main control unit includes a residual current acquisition subunit and a residual current protection judgment subunit; The residual current acquisition subunit is connected to the sensing module and is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering on the residual current signal to generate processed residual current data. The residual current protection judgment subunit is connected to the residual current acquisition subunit and is used to perform residual current protection logic judgment based on the processed residual current data to generate the second protection instruction.

[0012] Preferably, the second main control unit is provided with a hardware interrupt output pin, and the first main control unit is provided with an external interrupt input pin. The hardware interrupt output pin is connected to the external interrupt input pin and is used to trigger the collaborative decision module to control the magnetic control operation module to perform an emergency trip operation when the second main control unit determines that the residual current value has reached a set threshold.

[0013] Preferably, the dual master control module and the collaborative decision-making module are connected via a high-speed isolated communication bus; The high-speed isolated communication bus is used to realize data interaction and status synchronization between the first main control unit, the second main control unit and the collaborative decision-making module.

[0014] Preferably, the system further includes a communication module, which is connected to the collaborative decision-making module; The communication module is used for data interaction with the remote monitoring center, including uploading system status, fault information and electrical parameters, as well as receiving remote configuration parameters and control commands.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects The above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By assigning voltage protection and residual current protection to different main control units, parallel processing of tasks is achieved, avoiding the delay of a single processor when switching between multiple tasks, and improving the system's response speed to complex faults.

[0016] 2. The two main control units operate independently, and the failure of either unit will not cause the loss of the other protection function, enhancing the system's fault tolerance and providing basic safety redundancy. Simultaneously, combined with the collaborative decision-making module, multiple protection commands are integrated in an orderly manner, ensuring the consistency and accuracy of tripping commands, avoiding tripping failures due to command conflicts, and improving the overall reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the protection system based on a magnetically controlled intelligent circuit breaker provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first main control unit and the second main control unit in the system provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0019] The accompanying drawings illustrate a layer structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0020] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2This invention provides a protection system based on a magnetically controlled intelligent circuit breaker. The system includes a sensing module, a dual main control module, a collaborative decision-making module, and a magnetically controlled operation module. The sensing module collects voltage and residual current signals from the power distribution line. The dual main control module is connected to the sensing module and includes a first main control unit and a second main control unit. The first main control unit performs voltage protection logic judgment based on the voltage signal and generates a first protection command. The second main control unit performs residual current protection logic judgment based on the residual current signal and generates a second protection command. The collaborative decision-making module is connected to the dual main control module and receives the first and / or second protection commands, performs a comprehensive decision based on the first and / or second protection commands, and issues a trip command to the magnetically controlled operation module. The magnetically controlled operation module is connected to the collaborative decision-making module and drives the circuit breaker to trip based on the trip command.

[0023] Specifically, the sensing module, as the system's perception layer, acquires the raw voltage and residual current signals of the line in real time, providing basic data for subsequent protection judgments. The dual main control module employs two independent first and second main control units, respectively handling voltage protection and residual current protection, achieving functional decoupling. The first main control unit focuses on voltage signal acquisition, processing, and protection logic, such as overvoltage, undervoltage, and zero-crossing, while the second main control unit focuses on residual current signal acquisition, processing, and protection logic, such as leakage protection. The two operate in parallel and independently without interfering with each other. The collaborative decision-making module receives protection commands from the two main control units, makes comprehensive decisions, and ultimately issues a unified trip command to the magnetic control operation module, ensuring the coordinated execution of multi-source protection commands and avoiding conflicts or duplicate actions. The magnetic control operation module is the actuator, driving the circuit breaker to trip based on the trip command, disconnecting the faulty line.

[0024] This configuration assigns voltage protection and residual current protection to different main control units, enabling parallel processing of tasks and avoiding latency during multi-task switching of a single processor, thus improving the system's response speed to complex faults. The two main control units operate independently; failure of one unit will not cause the loss of the other protection function, enhancing the system's fault tolerance and providing basic safety redundancy. Simultaneously, the collaborative decision-making module allows for the orderly integration of multiple protection commands, ensuring the consistency and accuracy of tripping commands, preventing tripping failures due to command conflicts, and improving the overall reliability of the system.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the sensing module includes a voltage transformer and a zero-sequence current transformer. The voltage transformer is connected to the first main control unit and is used to acquire the voltage signal of the power distribution line and output it to the first main control unit. That is, the voltage transformer converts the voltage of the high-voltage line into a low-voltage signal proportionally for sampling by the ADC of the first main control unit. The zero-sequence current transformer is connected to the second main control unit and is used to acquire the residual current signal of the power distribution line and output it to the second main control unit. That is, the zero-sequence current transformer detects the unbalanced current of the three-phase line, i.e., the residual current, and converts it into a small current signal for sampling by the ADC of the second main control unit. Both are directly connected to their respective main control units to form a dedicated signal acquisition channel.

[0026] Specifically, a voltage transformer is connected in series in the voltage acquisition circuit of the power distribution line to sense the line voltage in real time and convert the high voltage signal into a standard low voltage signal, such as 0-5V, which is then directly output to the signal input terminal of the first main control unit through hardware circuitry. A zero-sequence current transformer is installed on the three-phase conductors of the power distribution line to detect the vector sum of the three-phase currents in real time. When leakage occurs in the line, the vector sum of the three-phase currents is not zero. The zero-sequence current transformer converts the remaining current signal into a standard electrical signal and outputs it directly to the signal input terminal of the second main control unit through hardware circuitry. The acquisition process of the two transformers is carried out synchronously and independently, and the signals are output to the corresponding main control units in a directional manner without signal cross-interference.

[0027] This setup utilizes voltage transformers and zero-sequence current transformers to collect voltage and residual current signals respectively. These two types of transformers are dedicated acquisition elements for their respective electrical signals. Compared to general-purpose acquisition elements, they can more accurately capture changes in line signals, providing precise raw data for subsequent protection logic judgments and improving the accuracy of protection decisions. Simultaneously, the voltage transformers are connected to the first main control unit, and the zero-sequence current transformers are connected to the second main control unit. This matches the functional division of the dual main control modules, forming dedicated acquisition and dedicated processing, avoiding signal interference that could cause processing delays, and further improving the real-time performance of the protection system.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the sensing module further includes a current transformer connected to the collaborative decision-making module. The current transformer is used to collect the load current signal of the power distribution line. The collaborative decision-making module is also used to perform overload protection and short-circuit protection logic judgments based on the load current signal. That is, the current transformer, based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, converts the large load current of the power distribution line into a small current standard signal at a fixed ratio to achieve electrical isolation from the main line. After being directed to the collaborative decision-making module, it provides raw data for the collaborative decision-making module to perform overload and short-circuit protection logic judgments. The collaborative decision-making module then independently performs dedicated logic judgments for overload and short-circuit protection based on the magnitude and trend of the load current signal.

[0029] Specifically, current transformers are connected in series in the current acquisition circuit of the power distribution line to sense the load current of the line in real time, converting high-current signals into standard low-current signals, which are then directly output to the signal input terminal of the collaborative decision-making module through hardware circuitry. The collaborative decision-making module receives the load current signal output by the current transformers, processes and analyzes the signal independently, and executes inverse-time overload protection logic and instantaneous short-circuit protection logic. When the load current exceeds the overload threshold, the overload protection logic is executed; when the load current reaches the short-circuit threshold, the short-circuit protection logic is executed. The voltage transformer, zero-sequence current transformer, and current transformer in the sensing module synchronously and independently acquire three types of core electrical signals, and output them respectively to the first main control unit, the second main control unit, and the collaborative decision-making module. The three processing terminals execute their respective protection logic judgments in parallel without mutual interference.

[0030] By incorporating current transformers into the sensing module, the system achieves comprehensive intelligent protection across all dimensions, including voltage protection, residual current protection, overload protection, and short-circuit protection. This covers the main fault types in power distribution lines and solves the problem of traditional circuit breakers having limited protection functions or relying on external modules for some protection, thus improving the system's overall protection capabilities. Simultaneously, the three dedicated current transformers in the sensing module are connected one-to-one to three processing terminals, forming three independent signal acquisition and protection judgment closed loops. This avoids signal cross-transmission and aliasing, ensuring accurate processing of each type of signal.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the collaborative decision-making module includes an instruction receiving unit, a self-protection unit, and a decision arbitration unit. The instruction receiving unit is connected to the dual main control module and is used to receive the first protection instruction and / or the second protection instruction, thereby achieving accurate reception and temporary storage of the protection instructions and providing a basis for subsequent decision-making. The self-protection unit is connected to the sensing module and is used to perform overload protection and short-circuit protection logic judgments based on the load current signal, generating a self-protection judgment result. The decision arbitration unit is connected to both the instruction receiving unit and the self-protection unit and is used to integrate the self-protection judgment result with the received first and second protection instructions, and make a comprehensive decision according to a preset priority.

[0032] Specifically, the instruction receiving unit establishes a bidirectional connection with the first and second main control units via a high-speed isolated communication bus, receiving and temporarily storing the first and second protection instructions in real time, while simultaneously feeding back the instruction receiving status to the dual main control module. The self-protection unit is connected to the current transformer via hardware lines, receives the load current signal, performs analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering on the signal, and then executes inverse-time overload protection logic and instantaneous short-circuit protection logic judgment to generate the self-protection judgment result for overload or short-circuit protection, and transmits the result to the decision arbitration unit. The decision arbitration unit receives the dual main control protection instructions transmitted by the instruction receiving unit and the self-protection judgment result transmitted by the self-protection unit in real time, and makes a comprehensive decision according to the preset fault priority rules. The preset fault priority rules follow the judgment logic of short circuit > residual current > overload > voltage to ensure priority response to emergency faults. If any protection result or instruction determines that the line needs to be tripped, a tripping command is immediately generated and transmitted to the magnetic control operation module.

[0033] This configuration divides the collaborative decision-making module into three independent internal units, each with clearly defined functional boundaries. This avoids program interference and decision-making delays caused by overlapping internal functions, improving the module's operational efficiency and accuracy. More importantly, by establishing an independent decision arbitration unit as the sole decision execution unit, all protection results or instructions must be comprehensively analyzed by this unit before generating the trip command. This makes the protection decision-making process more standardized, avoiding misjudgments and command conflicts caused by independent decisions from multiple units, and ensuring the uniqueness of the trip command.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the collaborative decision-making module further includes a safety interlock unit, which is connected to the dual main control module. The safety interlock unit is used to take safety interlock measures and record relevant fault information when it receives a fault self-check abnormal signal from the first main control unit or the second main control unit.

[0035] Specifically, both main control units of the dual main control module have fault self-diagnosis functions. When a hardware fault, program abnormality, or signal acquisition fault is detected, a fault self-diagnosis abnormal signal will be generated and transmitted to the safety interlock unit. After receiving the abnormal signal, the safety interlock unit will immediately take interlock measures such as isolation and shielding to the faulty main control unit. If necessary, it can also prohibit closing operations or maintain the current open state to prevent the faulty unit from outputting erroneous instructions that affect the normal operation of the system or even cause safety accidents. At the same time, the fault information is classified and recorded to provide a basis for subsequent operation and maintenance.

[0036] This safety interlocking system, when one of the main control units fails, prevents malfunctions and ensures the normal operation of other system functions. For example, if voltage protection fails, residual current or short-circuit protection remains available. More importantly, the shielding and isolation measures taken by the safety interlocking unit against the faulty main control unit effectively prevent erroneous protection commands from entering the decision-making process, avoiding circuit breaker mis-tripping or refusal to trip due to incorrect commands, thus improving the reliability and accuracy of system protection actions. Furthermore, recording fault information facilitates problem localization by maintenance personnel, improving system maintenance efficiency.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the first main control unit includes a voltage acquisition subunit and a voltage protection judgment subunit. The voltage acquisition subunit, as the signal processing front end of the first main control unit, is connected to the voltage transformer of the sensing module. It performs analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering on the received raw voltage signal to generate standardized, interference-free voltage data, providing high-quality processed data for subsequent protection logic judgment. The voltage protection judgment subunit, as the protection logic processing back end of the first main control unit, is connected to the voltage acquisition subunit. Based on the processed voltage data, it independently executes at least one voltage protection logic judgment among overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, and zero-loss protection, and generates a corresponding first protection command based on the judgment result.

[0038] Specifically, the voltage acquisition subunit is connected to the voltage transformer via a hardware voltage acquisition circuit. It receives the analog voltage signal output by the voltage transformer, first converts the analog signal into a digital voltage signal using an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter), and then uses digital filtering algorithms, such as mean filtering and median filtering, to eliminate grid interference and noise in the signal, generating standardized processed voltage data. This data is then transmitted to the voltage protection judgment subunit. The voltage protection judgment subunit receives the processed voltage data and compares it in real time with preset overvoltage thresholds, undervoltage thresholds, or zero-line protection thresholds. It executes the corresponding voltage protection logic judgment. If the voltage data exceeds the overvoltage threshold, it is determined to be an overvoltage fault; if it is below the undervoltage threshold, it is determined to be an undervoltage fault; if the difference between the phase voltage and the neutral voltage reaches the zero-line threshold, it is determined to be a zero-line fault. Based on the above judgment results, the voltage protection judgment subunit generates a first protection command containing the fault type and transmits it to the command receiving unit of the collaborative decision module.

[0039] This configuration splits the first main control unit into two independent sub-units: signal acquisition and processing, and protection logic judgment. This ensures that the voltage signal processing and judgment stages are independent, improving the operational efficiency of the first main control unit. The analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering in the voltage acquisition sub-unit effectively eliminate interference and noise in the original voltage signal, providing high-quality, interference-free voltage data to the voltage protection judgment sub-unit. This avoids misjudgments caused by distortion of the original signal, thus improving the accuracy of voltage protection.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the second main control unit includes a residual current acquisition subunit and a residual current protection judgment subunit; The residual current acquisition subunit serves as the signal processing front end of the second main control unit. It is connected to the zero-sequence current transformer of the sensing module and performs analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering on the received raw residual current signal to generate standardized, interference-free residual current data. The residual current protection judgment subunit serves as the protection logic processing backend of the second main control unit. It is connected to the residual current acquisition subunit and independently executes the residual current protection logic judgment based on the processed residual current data. It then generates the corresponding second protection command based on the judgment result.

[0041] Specifically, the residual current acquisition subunit is connected to the zero-sequence current transformer via hardware circuitry. It receives the analog residual current signal output by the zero-sequence current transformer, first converts the analog signal into a digital residual current signal through an ADC analog-to-digital converter, and then eliminates interference in the signal through a digital filtering algorithm to generate standardized processed residual current data. This data is then transmitted to the residual current protection judgment subunit. The residual current protection judgment subunit receives the processed residual current data and compares it in real time with preset residual current protection thresholds, such as personal electric shock protection thresholds and equipment leakage protection thresholds. It also determines whether the fault duration meets the action conditions. If the residual current data reaches the threshold and meets the action conditions, it is determined to be a leakage fault. Based on the leakage fault judgment result, the residual current protection judgment subunit generates a second protection command containing the fault type and transmits it to the command receiving unit of the collaborative decision module through a high-speed isolated communication bus, while simultaneously triggering a hardware interrupt mechanism.

[0042] By using this configuration, similar to the first main control unit, the acquisition and processing of residual current signals and the protection judgment are separated into two independent sub-units. This avoids program interference caused by internal functional overlap and improves the operating efficiency of the second main control unit. The digital filtering and analog-to-digital conversion processing of the residual current acquisition sub-unit effectively eliminates interference from the original signal, ensuring the accuracy of the residual current data. The residual current protection judgment sub-unit executes dedicated protection logic based on high-quality data, avoiding false or missed judgments of leakage faults caused by signal distortion, thus improving the reliability of residual current protection.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the dual master control module in the system is further equipped with a rapid reporting channel. Specifically, the second master control unit is equipped with a hardware interrupt output pin. When the second master control unit determines that the residual current value has reached a set threshold, it outputs a hardware interrupt trigger signal, which is the hardware output terminal for rapid reporting of residual current faults. The first master control unit is equipped with an external interrupt input pin, which is directly and physically connected to the hardware interrupt output pin of the second master control unit. It receives the hardware interrupt trigger signal, triggers the emergency tripping response mechanism of the first master control unit, and then drives the collaborative decision-making module to control the magnetic control operation module to perform an emergency tripping operation.

[0044] Specifically, the hardware interrupt output pin of the second main control unit is physically connected to the external interrupt input pin of the first main control unit via a hardware wire. This hardware interrupt is set to the highest priority and is not affected by software program scheduling. When the residual current protection judgment subunit of the second main control unit determines that the residual current value has reached the set threshold and meets the action conditions, it immediately sends a low-level trigger signal to the hardware interrupt output pin. This signal is directly transmitted to the external interrupt input pin of the first main control unit via a hardware wire. After detecting the level change of the external interrupt input pin, the first main control unit immediately activates the highest priority fault handling thread, suspends the operation of other low-priority threads, and sends an emergency trip trigger signal to the collaborative decision-making module through the high-speed isolated communication bus. After receiving the emergency trip trigger signal, the collaborative decision-making module immediately skips the conventional integrated decision-making process and directly issues a trip command to the magnetic control operation module. The magnetic control operation module quickly executes the trip action and disconnects the faulty line.

[0045] With this configuration, the hardware interrupt triggering mode eliminates the need for software communication protocol parsing, data transmission, and instruction temporary storage. The transmission and response of level signals are handled at the hardware level with extremely high speed, significantly reducing the reporting and tripping time of residual current faults. This solves the response delay problem inherent in traditional software communication modes, adapting to the high requirements of residual current protection for rapid response. It can more quickly disconnect leakage fault lines, ensuring personal and equipment safety. More importantly, setting the hardware interrupt to the highest priority forcibly activates the fault handling thread of the first main control unit, suspending other low-priority threads. This ensures priority transmission and processing of emergency tripping signals, avoiding delays in emergency signals caused by task scheduling, and further improving the real-time performance of fault response. Furthermore, when a residual current fault occurs, the system simultaneously transmits fault information to the collaborative decision-making module through both hardware interrupt emergency reporting and conventional second protection instruction software reporting, forming a redundancy mechanism. Even if one reporting method fails, the other can still guarantee the transmission of fault information, improving the reliability of fault reporting and circuit breaker tripping actions.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the dual master control module and the collaborative decision-making module are connected via a high-speed isolated communication bus; the high-speed isolated communication bus is used to realize data interaction and status synchronization between the first master control unit, the second master control unit and the collaborative decision-making module. Specifically, a high-speed isolated communication bus is built using a magnetically isolated communication chip. The SPI communication interfaces of the first and second main control units are bidirectionally physically connected to the SPI communication interface of the collaborative decision-making module through this bus. The communication baud rate is set to a high-speed level to meet the millisecond-level data transmission requirements. The first and second main control units periodically report their operating status, collected electrical parameters, and protection parameters to the collaborative decision-making module through the high-speed isolated communication bus. The collaborative decision-making module then synchronizes the overall operating status and remote configuration parameters of the system to the two main control units through this bus, achieving real-time synchronization of the three statuses. The first protection command of the first main control unit, the second protection command of the second main control unit, the fault self-test abnormal signal, and the emergency trip trigger signal of the first main control unit are all rapidly transmitted to the collaborative decision-making module through this high-speed isolated communication bus. The collaborative decision-making module then transmits fault shielding, parameter adjustment, and other commands to the dual main control modules through this bus, achieving rapid linkage processing under fault conditions.

[0047] With this configuration, the high-speed isolated communication bus adopts a high-speed serial communication protocol, which enables millisecond-level transmission of protection commands and fault signals. This avoids the data transmission delay caused by traditional low-speed communication buses, ensures the collaborative working efficiency between modules, and further improves the system's fault response speed.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the system also includes a communication module connected to the collaborative decision-making module. The communication module enables bidirectional data interaction between the system and the remote monitoring center, specifically including uploading system status, fault information, and electrical parameters to the remote monitoring center, as well as receiving remote configuration parameters and control commands from the remote monitoring center, thus breaking the limitations of traditional circuit breaker on-site operation and maintenance.

[0049] Specifically, the signal input terminal of the communication module is bidirectionally connected to the signal output terminal of the collaborative decision-making module. The communication module uses an RS485 industrial communication interface to establish a wired communication connection with the power distribution operation and maintenance platform or smart grid cloud platform of the remote monitoring center, and is configured with the corresponding communication protocol. The collaborative decision-making module transmits the summarized system operating status, such as the circuit breaker opening and closing status, the normal or fault status of each module, fault information, such as fault type, fault occurrence time or fault parameters, and real-time electrical parameters, such as voltage, current and residual current, to the communication module. The communication module then uploads this data to the remote monitoring center via the RS485 bus to achieve real-time data transmission. Remote monitoring: Based on the system's operating status, maintenance personnel at the remote monitoring center issue remote configuration parameters and remote control commands, such as protection thresholds, action delay times, remote tripping, or parameter resets. After receiving these commands, the communication module performs protocol parsing, converts them into digital commands recognizable within the system, and transmits them to the collaborative decision-making module. Upon receiving the remote command, if it is a parameter configuration command, the collaborative decision-making module synchronizes the parameters to the first and second main control units via a high-speed isolated communication bus to achieve remote adjustment of system protection parameters. If it is a remote control command, it directly issues the corresponding execution command to the magnetic control operation module to achieve remote opening and closing of the circuit breaker.

[0050] This configuration allows maintenance personnel to monitor the system's operational status in real time through a remote monitoring center, eliminating the need for on-site inspections and reducing the manpower and time costs of power distribution system maintenance. Simultaneously, remote control and parameter configuration functions enable maintenance personnel to quickly handle system faults and adjust protection parameters, improving maintenance efficiency. Furthermore, system fault information can be uploaded to the remote monitoring center in real time via the communication module, allowing maintenance personnel to detect faults immediately and take timely measures to prevent escalation. Moreover, the remote monitoring center can store fault information long-term, enabling historical fault tracing and statistical analysis, providing data support for fault prevention and maintenance strategy optimization for power distribution lines.

[0051] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A protection system based on a magnetically controlled intelligent circuit breaker, characterized in that, The system includes: The sensing module is used to collect voltage and residual current signals of the power distribution line; A dual master control module is connected to the sensing module. The dual master control module includes a first master control unit and a second master control unit. The first master control unit performs voltage protection logic judgment based on the voltage signal and generates a first protection command. The second master control unit performs residual current protection logic judgment based on the residual current signal and generates a second protection command. The collaborative decision-making module is connected to the dual master control module and is used to receive the first protection command and / or the second protection command, make a comprehensive decision based on the first protection command and / or the second protection command, and issue a trip command to the magnetic control operation module. The magnetic control operation module is connected to the collaborative decision-making module and drives the circuit breaker to trip based on the trip command.

2. The magnetic control based intelligent circuit breaker based protection system as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The sensing module includes a voltage transformer and a zero-sequence current transformer. The voltage transformer is connected to the first main control unit and is used to collect the voltage signal of the power distribution line and output it to the first main control unit. The zero-sequence current transformer is connected to the second main control unit and is used to collect the residual current signal of the power distribution line and output it to the second main control unit.

3. The magnetic control based intelligent circuit breaker based protection system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The sensing module also includes a current transformer, which is connected to the collaborative decision-making module and is used to collect the load current signal of the power distribution line. The collaborative decision-making module is also used to perform overload protection and short-circuit protection logic judgment based on the load current signal.

4. The magnetic control based intelligent circuit breaker based protection system as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The collaborative decision-making module includes an instruction receiving unit, a self-protection unit, and a decision arbitration unit; The instruction receiving unit is connected to the dual main control module and is used to receive the first protection instruction and / or the second protection instruction. The self-protection unit is connected to the current transformer and is used to perform overload protection and short circuit protection logic judgment based on the load current signal to generate self-protection judgment result. The decision arbitration unit is connected to the instruction receiving unit and the self-protection unit respectively, and is used to integrate the self-protection judgment result with the received first protection instruction and second protection instruction, and make a comprehensive decision according to a preset priority.

5. The magnetic control based intelligent circuit breaker based protection system as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The collaborative decision-making module also includes a safety interlock unit, which is connected to the dual master control module. The safety interlock unit is used to take safety interlock measures and record relevant fault information when it receives a fault self-test abnormal signal from the first main control unit or the second main control unit.

6. The magnetic control based intelligent circuit breaker based protection system as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The first main control unit includes a voltage acquisition subunit and a voltage protection judgment subunit; The voltage acquisition subunit is connected to the sensing module and is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering on the voltage signal to generate processed voltage data. The voltage protection judgment subunit is connected to the voltage acquisition subunit and is used to perform at least one voltage protection logic judgment among overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection and zero-loss protection based on the processed voltage data to generate the first protection instruction.

7. The magnetic control based intelligent circuit breaker based protection system as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The second main control unit includes a residual current acquisition subunit and a residual current protection judgment subunit; The residual current acquisition subunit is connected to the sensing module and is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering on the residual current signal to generate processed residual current data. The residual current protection judgment subunit is connected to the residual current acquisition subunit and is used to perform residual current protection logic judgment based on the processed residual current data to generate the second protection instruction.

8. The protection system based on a magnetically controlled intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second main control unit is provided with a hardware interrupt output pin, and the first main control unit is provided with an external interrupt input pin. The hardware interrupt output pin is connected to the external interrupt input pin and is used to trigger the collaborative decision module to control the magnetic control operation module to perform an emergency trip operation when the second main control unit determines that the residual current value has reached a set threshold.

9. The magnetic control based intelligent circuit breaker based protection system as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The dual master control module and the collaborative decision-making module are connected via a high-speed isolated communication bus. The high-speed isolated communication bus is used to realize data interaction and status synchronization between the first main control unit, the second main control unit and the collaborative decision-making module.

10. The magnetic control based intelligent circuit breaker based protection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The system also includes a communication module, which is connected to the collaborative decision-making module; The communication module is used for data interaction with the remote monitoring center, including uploading system status, fault information and electrical parameters, as well as receiving remote configuration parameters and control commands.

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