A DC power interface protection design method to prevent short-circuit smoke from protective devices

Abstract

This invention proposes a DC power interface protection design method to prevent short-circuit smoke emission from protective devices. It belongs to the fields of low-voltage DC power interfaces and electromagnetic interference protection. The method includes: integrating a micro-sensor array on the surface of a TVS device to collect its operating status parameters in real time and generate TVS health status data; analyzing and processing the TVS health status data based on the neuron refractory period mechanism to predict TVS failure risk and generate a failure prediction signal; by integrating a micro-sensor array on the surface of the TVS device and drawing on the neuron refractory period mechanism, the TVS failure risk can be predicted in advance, greatly improving the protection system's ability to detect potential faults.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention proposes a DC power interface protection design method to prevent short circuits and smoke from protective devices, belonging to the fields of low-voltage DC power interfaces and electromagnetic interference protection. Background Technology

[0002] Low-voltage DC power supplies play a crucial role in modern electronic systems. They convert high-voltage AC or chemical energy into stable and safe low-voltage DC, providing reliable power to various devices. These power supplies are characterized by their small size, high efficiency, and stable output, and operate within the mainstream voltage range of 5V to 12V, meeting the power supply needs of the vast majority of consumer electronics and industrial control loads. Low-voltage DC power supplies are increasingly used in consumer electronics, industrial control, communication base stations, transportation, medical equipment, and new energy fields, including fast charging for mobile phones and tablets, industrial automation sensor networks, factory access control and monitoring systems, automotive electronics and in-vehicle entertainment, server and data center power supply, LED smart lighting, and even in energy storage converters and water-cooled air conditioning control systems. Compared to industrial applications, consumer electronics products place greater emphasis on user experience, portability, and intelligence, but the electrical environments they face are becoming increasingly complex. In home or office settings, the frequent starting and stopping of high-power appliances, the sharing of power strips between multiple devices, and the widespread adoption of wireless charging easily introduce interference such as surges, voltage dips, or high-frequency noise. This interference can couple to the motherboard through USB adapters, power management chips, or internal wiring, causing minor issues like temporary touchscreen malfunctions, audio noise, or Bluetooth connection interruptions, or even damaging the charging management IC or memory chip, resulting in data loss or permanent device damage, ultimately affecting the user's daily audio-visual entertainment, mobile office, or smart home control experience.

[0003] In the design of 5-12V consumer electronics power supplies, surge protection is a critical indicator related to user safety and device lifespan. Due to the varying power grid quality in home and office environments, coupled with factors such as frequent device plugging and unplugging, air conditioner compressor start-up and shutdown, or thunderstorms, surge interference can easily penetrate the internal components of devices through chargers and power strips. Currently, the surge protection design of many consumer electronics products primarily focuses on meeting basic safety certification testing requirements, often neglecting the complexities of real-world user scenarios. For example, a smartwatch's magnetic charging dock may pass standard surge tests in the laboratory, but in actual use, when a user charges the watch during a thunderstorm or simultaneously uses high-power appliances in an old dormitory, the charging dock may still experience overshoot due to surge impact, potentially damaging the watch's power management chip. This can result in anything from a sudden drop in battery life and abnormal overheating during charging to more serious issues like screen display malfunctions or even microcontroller system crashes. This discrepancy between "tested in the lab but failed in real-world use" means that even certified devices may experience problems such as charging interruptions, fluctuating heart rate sensor data, or device burnout under demanding daily use, ultimately affecting consumers' health monitoring experience and personal and property safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a DC power interface protection design method to prevent short-circuit smoke from protective devices, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art above: This invention proposes a DC power interface protection design method to prevent short-circuit smoke from protective devices, the method comprising: S1. Connect a decoupling inductor in series on the positive line of the power input, and set up a protection branch between the power input terminal and ground, which consists of a protection diode and a current-limiting resistor connected in series; monitor the current flowing through the protection branch or the voltage across the current-limiting resistor in real time, and generate branch status monitoring data; based on the change characteristics of the current or voltage, determine whether the current-limiting resistor has reached the melting condition and generate a trigger signal. S2. When a surge interference enters from the power interface, the decoupling inductor generates high impedance, preventing the transient current from flowing to the downstream circuit and directing the surge energy to the protection branch for discharge, generating energy discharge data. If the current flowing through the protection branch exceeds the melting threshold of the current limiting resistor, the current limiting resistor melts by itself, realizing the rapid disconnection of the protection branch and generating branch disconnection response data. S3. Based on the cumulative number of times the current-limiting resistor blows or the monitoring of circuit parameters, the status of the protection branch is evaluated, and protection branch status evaluation data is generated. S4. Based on the protection branch status assessment data, provide maintenance prompts or parameter adjustments to the DC power interface protection system and generate maintenance adjustment information; optimize the configuration of the protection system based on the maintenance adjustment information to improve its protection performance under 300V surge and achieve zero smoke protection effect. S5. The branch status monitoring data, trigger signals, branch disconnection response data, energy discharge data, protection branch status assessment data, and maintenance and adjustment information are summarized and processed to generate the operation status record data of the DC power interface protection system.

[0005] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting up a protection branch at the power input terminal, consisting of a decoupling inductor, a series diode, and a current-limiting resistor, energy is actively directed to this branch for discharge when a surge occurs. The current-limiting resistor melts when overcurrent occurs, promptly cutting off the circuit and fundamentally preventing the diode from continuously carrying a large current and short-circuiting and catching fire. Real-time monitoring of branch current or voltage changes accurately captures the critical state of fuse failure and generates a trigger signal, ensuring the reliability of the protection action. Continuous tracking of the number of fuse failures and circuit parameters makes the branch loss status perceptible, facilitating timely maintenance or parameter adjustment and extending equipment lifespan. Summarizing operational status data into records provides a solid basis for subsequent optimization of protection strategies, meeting 300V surge protection requirements while ensuring the safe and stable operation of consumer electronics in complex power grid environments, avoiding property damage or safety hazards caused by component failure. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the steps of the method described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0007] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0008] One embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a DC power supply interface protection design method for preventing short-circuit smoke from protective devices is disclosed, the method comprising: S1. Connect a decoupling inductor in series on the positive line of the power input, and set up a protection branch between the power input terminal and ground, which consists of a protection diode and a current-limiting resistor connected in series; monitor the current flowing through the protection branch or the voltage across the current-limiting resistor in real time, and generate branch status monitoring data; based on the change characteristics of the current or voltage, determine whether the current-limiting resistor has reached the melting condition and generate a trigger signal. S2. When a surge interference enters from the power interface, the decoupling inductor generates high impedance, preventing the transient current from flowing to the downstream circuit and directing the surge energy to the protection branch for discharge, generating energy discharge data. If the current flowing through the protection branch exceeds the melting threshold of the current limiting resistor, the current limiting resistor melts by itself, realizing the rapid disconnection of the protection branch and generating branch disconnection response data. S3. Based on the cumulative number of times the current-limiting resistor blows or the monitoring of circuit parameters, the status of the protection branch is evaluated, and protection branch status evaluation data is generated. S4. Based on the protection branch status assessment data, provide maintenance prompts or parameter adjustments to the DC power interface protection system and generate maintenance adjustment information; optimize the configuration of the protection system based on the maintenance adjustment information to improve its protection performance under 300V surge and achieve zero smoke protection effect. S5. The branch status monitoring data, trigger signals, branch disconnection response data, energy discharge data, protection branch status assessment data, and maintenance and adjustment information are summarized and processed to generate the operation status record data of the DC power interface protection system.

[0009] The working principle and effect of the above technical solution are as follows: By connecting a decoupling inductor in series with the positive terminal of the power supply and setting a protection branch with a diode and a current-limiting resistor in series, the inductor instantaneously generates high impedance when a surge occurs, actively guiding the energy to this branch for discharge, thus avoiding large current impact on the downstream circuit. Once the current flowing through the branch exceeds the melting threshold of the current-limiting resistor, the resistor melts and cuts off the circuit, fundamentally preventing the diode from short-circuiting and catching fire due to continuous overcurrent, and completely eliminating the risk of smoke. Real-time monitoring of branch current or voltage changes and generation of trigger signals can accurately capture the critical melting state, improving the response speed and reliability of protection actions. Statistical evaluation of the number of meltings and peak currents makes the branch loss status clear and quantifiable, reducing maintenance deviations caused by experience-based judgments and avoiding premature replacement of components or protection failures. Summarizing the operating status data to form a complete record provides a real basis for subsequent parameter optimization and fault tracing, meeting the stringent protection requirements under 300V surges and ensuring the long-term stable operation of consumer electronics in complex power grid environments, reducing property losses and safety hazards caused by component failures.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, S1 includes: S11. Monitor the current flowing through the protection branch and / or the voltage across the current-limiting resistor in real time to generate raw data of circuit parameters. S12. Filter the raw collected circuit parameter data to remove noise interference and generate valid monitoring data. S13. Compare the effective monitoring data with the preset current threshold and / or voltage threshold; S14. When the effective monitoring data exceeds the preset threshold, it is determined that the current limiting resistor has reached the melting condition and a trigger signal is generated. S15. Perform level calibration on the trigger signal to ensure the accuracy and stability of signal transmission.

[0011] The working principle and effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By monitoring the current and voltage of the protected branch in real time, subtle changes in the circuit state can be captured immediately, avoiding delays in protection due to undetected parameter anomalies. The raw acquired data is filtered to remove noise interference, ensuring subsequent analysis is based on clean and accurate signals, thus improving the reliability of the monitoring results. Comparing the valid data with preset thresholds provides a clear quantitative basis for determining the fuse triggering condition, avoiding the uncertainty caused by relying on empirical estimations. Once the monitored data exceeds the threshold, a trigger signal is generated immediately, with a rapid response throughout the process, reducing the time window between the occurrence of an anomaly and the protection action. Level calibration of the trigger signal ensures the stability and accuracy of the signal during transmission, preventing subsequent circuit malfunctions or failures due to signal attenuation or distortion. The entire monitoring and triggering process not only makes the protection system more sensitive but also ensures accurate and reliable judgment through layered processing.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, S2 includes: S21. When a surge interference occurs, the decoupling inductor generates high impedance, preventing transient current from flowing to the downstream circuit and directing the surge energy to the protection branch. S22. Use the protection branch to discharge the surge energy from the direction, continuously monitor the changes in circuit parameters during the discharge process, and generate energy discharge data. S23. When the current flowing through the protection branch exceeds the melting threshold of the current limiting resistor, the current limiting resistor melts automatically, and the protection branch is shut off within a preset time, generating branch disconnection response data. S24. Update the energy release data in real time and provide synchronous feedback on the actual effect of energy release.

[0013] The working principle and effects of the above technical solution are as follows: When a surge occurs, the decoupling inductor rapidly generates high impedance, accurately guiding energy to the protection branch, avoiding direct impact of transient high current on the downstream circuit, and reducing the risk of downstream chip breakdown. Continuous monitoring of circuit parameter changes during energy discharge makes the real-time status of the discharge path clearly verifiable, improving control over protection actions. When the current exceeds the fusing threshold, the current-limiting resistor automatically melts and quickly cuts off the protection branch, fundamentally eliminating the possibility of diodes short-circuiting and smoking due to continuous overcurrent, thus preventing fire hazards. Real-time updates of energy discharge data and feedback on actual effects allow maintenance personnel to promptly grasp whether energy conduction is thorough, reducing secondary faults caused by incomplete discharge. The entire process, from interception, discharge to fusing, and feedback, is interconnected, ensuring rapid response under surge impact and enhancing the transparency and reliability of the protection system through data feedback.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, step S22 includes: A circuit parameter acquisition module is deployed to continuously acquire current and voltage parameters during the energy dissipation process, generating a raw acquisition set of circuit parameters. The original set of circuit parameters is denoised to filter out noise interference during the acquisition process and generate a valid set of circuit parameters. Integrate the effective circuit parameter set with the energy discharge time information, arrange the parameter data according to the acquisition time sequence, and generate energy discharge data; By monitoring the real-time operation status of energy discharge, newly acquired circuit parameters are added to the energy discharge data to complete the real-time data update. Extract the parameter change trends of the updated energy release data, generate energy release effect characterization data, and synchronously provide feedback on the actual effect of energy release.

[0015] The working principle and effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By continuously capturing current and voltage data during energy discharge through the deployment of acquisition modules, the true changes throughout the entire discharge process can be completely recorded, avoiding misjudgments of the discharge status due to data gaps. Noise reduction processing of the raw acquisition data effectively filters out noise interference, ensuring that subsequent analysis is based on clean and reliable signals, thus improving the authenticity and credibility of the monitoring data. Integrating time information and arranging it according to the acquisition sequence provides a clear timeline for the energy discharge data, facilitating rapid location of circuit behavior at abnormal moments. Connecting to real-time operating status and continuously supplementing new parameters ensures the timeliness of the data, keeping discharge monitoring closely following actual progress. Extracting parameter change trends from updated data to generate effect characterization data can intuitively reflect whether energy conduction is thorough, promptly identifying potential hazards such as obstructed discharge paths or residual energy, enhancing the observability of the protection system, and accumulating a solid basis for subsequent optimization of discharge strategies.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, S3 includes: S31. Evaluate the degree of loss of the protection branch based on the number of times the current-limiting resistor blows and / or the peak current when it blows. S32. Organize the branch status monitoring data, trigger signals, branch disconnection response data, and energy discharge data; S33. Input the sorted data into the preset evaluation model to perform state simulation calculations for the protection branch; S34. Generate protection branch status assessment data based on the simulation calculation results; perform deviation correction on the protection branch status assessment data to improve the accuracy of the assessment.

[0017] The working principle and effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By statistically analyzing the number of times the current-limiting resistor blows and the peak current at each blow, the cumulative loss of the protection branch can be transformed into a quantifiable evaluation index, avoiding inaccurate maintenance timing due to relying solely on experience. By uniformly organizing branch status monitoring data, trigger signals, disconnection response data, and energy discharge data, the evaluation process is based on comprehensive analysis of multi-source information, reducing judgment bias caused by single data points. Inputting this organized data into a preset evaluation model for simulation calculations can model the attenuation trajectory of the protection branch under different operating conditions, identifying potential performance inflection points in advance. Deviation correction is applied to the generated evaluation data to further calibrate the error between the simulation results and actual losses, making the evaluation conclusions closer to the real situation. The entire evaluation process makes branch losses predictable and traceable, and provides accurate basis for subsequent maintenance prompts and parameter adjustments, avoiding waste caused by protection failure due to unclear status or premature device replacement.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, S34 includes: By integrating the loss inference results of protection branch under multiple dimensions, an initial assessment dataset of protection branch status is generated. Data integration and analysis are performed on the initial assessment dataset of the protection branch status to generate basic assessment data of the protection branch status; Collect historical loss data of the actual operation of the protection branch (such as the number of times the fuse is blown, the peak current when the fuse is blown, etc.) and generate a state deviation reference dataset. The basic assessment data of the protection branch status is compared and analyzed with the status deviation reference dataset to generate the status assessment deviation value. Based on the condition assessment deviation value, the basic condition assessment data of the protection branch is corrected and adjusted to generate the final condition assessment data of the protection branch.

[0019] The working principle and effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Integrating the loss projection results of protection branches from multiple dimensions can aggregate scattered parameters such as the number of fuse blows and peak current into an initial evaluation dataset for the system, avoiding the obscuring of the true state of the branches by a single, one-sided indicator. Integrating and analyzing the initial dataset generates basic evaluation data, allowing loss information from different dimensions to corroborate each other, reducing judgment bias caused by isolated data. Collecting historical loss data from actual operation as a deviation reference allows for comparison between theoretical projections and real operating conditions, enabling timely detection of deviations between the evaluation model and actual performance. Comparing the basic evaluation data with the reference dataset generates a deviation value, accurately locating the degree of deviation in the evaluation results, avoiding blindly trusting theoretical values ​​while ignoring the accumulation of real losses. Based on the deviation value, the basic data is corrected and adjusted, ultimately obtaining state evaluation data that more closely reflects the actual situation. This improves the reliability of the evaluation and allows subsequent maintenance decisions to be based on a more solid judgment basis, preventing protection failure or premature device replacement due to misjudgment of the state.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, step S4 includes: S41. Based on the protection branch status assessment data, extract the core factors for maintenance and adjustment of the DC power supply interface protection system; S42. Combining the circuit architecture of the protection system, the adjustment factor is converted into maintenance adjustment information; S43. Optimize the configuration of parameters such as the current-limiting resistor value and decoupling inductor value of the protection system according to the maintenance and adjustment information; enhance the collaborative working ability of each circuit unit and improve its protection performance under 300V surge. S44. By optimizing and coordinating circuit units, the problem of short-circuit smoke is avoided from the root, achieving a zero-smoke protection effect.

[0021] The working principle and effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Based on the protection branch status assessment data, core maintenance and adjustment factors are extracted, enabling the system to accurately pinpoint the weak points in current protection performance, avoiding efficiency losses caused by blind adjustments based on experience. Combining these factors with the circuit architecture, specific maintenance and adjustment information is transformed, ensuring that subsequent parameter optimization matches the actual circuit layout and reducing the possibility of adjustments being out of sync with actual needs. Optimizing key parameters such as the current-limiting resistor value and decoupling inductor in accordance with the adjustment information strengthens the coordination of each circuit unit during surges, making the energy discharge path smoother and more efficient. Through this dynamic optimization, the circuit can maintain stable clamping and discharge capabilities under a 300V surge, fundamentally eliminating the risk of short-circuiting and smoking due to continuous overcurrent in the protection diodes. The entire adjustment process not only keeps the protection performance at its optimal state but also improves the safety redundancy of the equipment in complex power grid environments by achieving a zero-smoke effect, extending the service life of the downstream circuits and the entire unit.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, step S5 includes: S51. Collect branch status monitoring data, trigger signals, branch disconnection response data, energy discharge data, protection branch status assessment data, and maintenance and adjustment information; S52. Perform time-dimensional correlation matching on the collected multi-source data to complete the initial data summary processing; remove redundant information and correct abnormal data on the summarized data to generate a standardized summary dataset. S53. Perform in-depth data mining based on standardized aggregated datasets to extract key patterns in the operation of the protection system; S54. Combine key patterns with standardized summary datasets to generate operational status record data for the DC power supply interface protection system.

[0023] The working principle and effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By aggregating multi-source data such as branch status monitoring, trigger signals, disconnection responses, energy discharge, status assessment, and maintenance adjustments, the entire operational information of the protection system can be completely integrated, avoiding the loss of key clues due to data dispersion. Time-dimensional correlation matching of the aggregated data aligns information from different sources according to a unified time sequence, enhancing data consistency and comparability. Subsequent redundancy removal and anomaly correction further purify data quality, generating a standardized summary dataset. Deep mining based on this high-quality dataset can extract the response patterns of the protection system under surge impact, device aging trends, and the actual effects of maintenance adjustments, making the operational characteristics originally hidden in discrete data clearly identifiable. The operational status record data generated by combining these key patterns not only leaves a complete archive for each protection action but also provides a reliable basis for subsequent system optimization and fault prediction, reducing analytical biases caused by missing or chaotic data and improving the manageability and long-term reliability of the power interface protection system.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, S52 includes: S521. Extract the timestamp information of each of the multi-source data and generate a multi-source data time attribute label set; perform dimension alignment processing on the multi-source data time attribute label set, unify the feature dimension standard of time, and generate a standardized time attribute label set. S522. Perform feature dimension association matching on the collected multi-source data according to the standardized time attribute label set, establish the time association link between the multi-source data, and generate a multi-source data time association dataset. S523. Based on the multi-source data time-related dataset, perform data feature fusion, integrate the effective feature information of each data, generate a preliminary summary set of multi-source data, and complete the preliminary summary processing of data. S524. Perform a full-dimensional redundancy scan on the preliminary aggregated set of multi-source data, identify and remove duplicate feature data and invalid redundant fields, and generate a redundancy-free aggregated dataset; perform anomaly identification on the redundancy-free aggregated dataset, locate abnormal feature values ​​that deviate from the normal data range, and generate anomaly identification set. S525. Based on the abnormal data identifier set, perform data correction and completion on the redundancy-removing summary dataset to restore the true characteristic state of the data and generate a standardized summary dataset.

[0025] The working principle and effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By extracting the timestamp information of the collected data and generating a set of time attribute labels, the originally scattered monitoring data has a unified time coordinate. Subsequent dimension alignment processing further standardizes the time series, avoiding data errors caused by inconsistent time formats. Feature dimension association matching is performed on multi-source data according to standardized labels, establishing a clear time correlation link. This allows monitoring information from different sources to corroborate each other within the same time series framework, enhancing the overall logic and traceability of the data. Feature fusion is performed based on the associated dataset, integrating the effective feature information of each data point. This ensures that the final preliminary summary set retains the core value of the original data while eliminating analytical obstacles caused by information fragmentation. A full-dimensional redundant information scan is performed on the preliminary summary set to identify and remove duplicate features and invalid fields, effectively purifying the data content and reducing the interference of redundant data on subsequent analysis. The identification and correction of abnormal data allows features deviating from the normal range to be discovered and restored in a timely manner, ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the final standardized summary dataset. The entire processing flow not only makes the operating status of the protection system clear and traceable but also provides a solid data foundation for subsequent pattern mining and maintenance decisions.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, S522 includes: By binding standardized time attribute label sets with features from aggregated multi-source data, labeled multi-source datasets are generated. Perform time feature retrieval on labeled multi-source datasets, extract common time feature information among the data, and generate a time feature matching set; Calculate the feature correlation degree of the time feature matching set, filter out the time feature pairs with high correlation degree, and generate a highly correlated feature set; Based on highly correlated feature sets, a temporal correlation link is built between data to form a temporal correlation topology of multi-source data; based on the temporal correlation topology, labeled multi-source datasets are integrated to generate a multi-source data temporal correlation dataset.

[0027] The working principle and effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By binding standardized time attribute label sets with the collected multi-source data, each type of monitoring data carries a clear time identifier, laying the foundation for subsequent accurate matching and avoiding data correlation confusion caused by missing time information. Time feature retrieval of the labeled dataset extracts the common time feature information between data points, enabling precise location of related events occurring within the same time window and reducing the time cost of searching information across data sources. Feature correlation calculation is performed on the matching set, and highly correlated time feature pairs are selected, allowing data with genuine intrinsic connections to be focused on, avoiding interference from low-correlation information in the analysis results. A time correlation link is built based on the highly correlated feature set, forming a time correlation topology structure for multi-source data, connecting the originally isolated monitoring point data into an organic whole according to the timeline. Integrating the labeled dataset based on this topology structure, the final generated time correlation dataset not only completely preserves the temporal logic of the original information but also allows data from different sources to corroborate each other within the same time frame, improving the depth and accuracy of data analysis and making the complete response process of the protection system under surge impact clear and traceable.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, S523 includes: Decompose the feature dimensions of a multi-source data temporal correlation dataset, extract the independent and effective feature information of each data unit, and generate a multi-source data feature split set; The feature dimension of the multi-source data feature split set is merged, and the feature information content of the same dimension is integrated to generate the same dimension feature integration set. The feature information of the same-dimensional feature integration set is verified, and the conflict-free valid feature content is selected to generate a conflict-free feature set; the association information of the conflict-free feature set and the time correlation link of multi-source data is fused to generate the feature fusion intermediate dataset. The intermediate dataset for feature fusion is integrated as a whole, the temporal correlation logic of each feature is sorted out, a preliminary summary set of multi-source data is generated, and the preliminary summary processing of the data is completed.

[0029] The working principle and effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By decomposing the feature dimensions of the time-related dataset and extracting the independent and effective information of each data unit, the core features mixed in multi-source data can be separated, avoiding the obscuring of key information due to feature interweaving. Feature dimension merging is performed on the split set, integrating information content of the same dimension together, allowing similar features scattered across different data sources to converge, reducing the complexity and workload of subsequent analysis. Feature information verification is performed on the integrated set, filtering out conflict-free and effective feature content, ensuring that there are no logical contradictions between the data participating in the fusion, and avoiding judgment bias caused by feature conflicts. The association information between the conflict-free feature set and the time-related link is merged, so that the final generated intermediate feature fusion dataset retains the core value of the original features and has a clear temporal logical context. Overall feature integration of the intermediate dataset and sorting out the temporal correlation logic of each feature, the generated preliminary summary set presents the complete response process of the protection system under surge impact in a structured data form, improving data usability and providing a clear and reliable analytical foundation for subsequent in-depth mining and maintenance decisions.

[0030] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A DC power supply interface protection design method to prevent short-circuit smoke from protective devices, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. Connect a decoupling inductor in series on the positive line of the power input, and set up a protection branch between the power input terminal and ground, which consists of a protection diode and a current-limiting resistor connected in series; monitor the current flowing through the protection branch or the voltage across the current-limiting resistor in real time, and generate branch status monitoring data; based on the change characteristics of the current or voltage, determine whether the current-limiting resistor has reached the melting condition and generate a trigger signal. S2. When a surge interference enters from the power interface, the decoupling inductor generates high impedance, preventing the transient current from flowing to the downstream circuit and directing the surge energy to the protection branch for discharge, generating energy discharge data. If the current flowing through the protection branch exceeds the melting threshold of the current limiting resistor, the current limiting resistor melts by itself, realizing the rapid disconnection of the protection branch and generating branch disconnection response data. S3. Based on the cumulative number of times the current-limiting resistor blows or the monitoring of circuit parameters, the status of the protection branch is evaluated, and protection branch status evaluation data is generated. S4. Based on the protection branch status assessment data, provide maintenance prompts or parameter adjustments to the DC power interface protection system and generate maintenance adjustment information; optimize the configuration of the protection system based on the maintenance adjustment information to improve its protection performance under 300V surge and achieve zero smoke protection effect. S5. The branch status monitoring data, trigger signals, branch disconnection response data, energy discharge data, protection branch status assessment data, and maintenance and adjustment information are summarized and processed to generate the operation status record data of the DC power interface protection system.

2. The DC power interface protection design method for preventing short-circuit smoke from protective devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 includes: S11. Monitor the current flowing through the protection branch and / or the voltage across the current-limiting resistor in real time to generate raw data of circuit parameters. S12. Filter the raw collected circuit parameter data to remove noise interference and generate valid monitoring data. S13. Compare the effective monitoring data with the preset current threshold and / or voltage threshold; S14. When the effective monitoring data exceeds the preset threshold, it is determined that the current limiting resistor has reached the melting condition and a trigger signal is generated. S15. Perform level calibration on the trigger signal to ensure the accuracy and stability of signal transmission.

3. The DC power interface protection design method for preventing short-circuit smoke from protective devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S2 includes: S21. When a surge interference occurs, the decoupling inductor generates high impedance, preventing transient current from flowing to the downstream circuit and directing the surge energy to the protection branch. S22. Use the protection branch to discharge the surge energy from the direction, continuously monitor the changes in circuit parameters during the discharge process, and generate energy discharge data. S23. When the current flowing through the protection branch exceeds the melting threshold of the current limiting resistor, the current limiting resistor melts automatically, and the protection branch is shut off within a preset time, generating branch disconnection response data. S24. Update the energy release data in real time and provide synchronous feedback on the actual effect of energy release.

4. The DC power interface protection design method for preventing short-circuit smoke from protective devices according to claim 3, characterized in that, S22 includes: A circuit parameter acquisition module is deployed to continuously acquire current and voltage parameters during the energy dissipation process, generating a raw acquisition set of circuit parameters. The original set of circuit parameters is denoised to filter out noise interference during the acquisition process and generate a valid set of circuit parameters. Integrate the effective circuit parameter set with the energy discharge time information, arrange the parameter data according to the acquisition time sequence, and generate energy discharge data; By monitoring the real-time operation status of energy discharge, newly acquired circuit parameters are added to the energy discharge data to complete the real-time data update. Extract the parameter change trends of the updated energy release data, generate energy release effect characterization data, and synchronously provide feedback on the actual effect of energy release.

5. The DC power interface protection design method for preventing short-circuit smoke from protective devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S3 includes: S31. Evaluate the degree of loss of the protection branch based on the number of times the current-limiting resistor blows and / or the peak current when it blows. S32. Organize the branch status monitoring data, trigger signals, branch disconnection response data, and energy discharge data; S33. Input the sorted data into the preset evaluation model to perform state simulation calculations for the protection branch; S34. Generate protection branch status assessment data based on the simulation calculation results; perform deviation correction on the protection branch status assessment data to improve the accuracy of the assessment.

6. The DC power interface protection design method for preventing short-circuit smoke from protective devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S4 includes: S41. Based on the protection branch status assessment data, extract the core factors for maintenance and adjustment of the DC power supply interface protection system; S42. Combining the circuit architecture of the protection system, the adjustment factor is converted into maintenance adjustment information; S43. Optimize the configuration of parameters such as the current-limiting resistor value and decoupling inductor value of the protection system according to the maintenance and adjustment information; enhance the collaborative working ability of each circuit unit and improve its protection performance under 300V surge. S44. By optimizing and coordinating circuit units, the problem of short-circuit smoke is avoided from the root, achieving a zero-smoke protection effect.

7. The DC power interface protection design method for preventing short-circuit smoke from protective devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S5 includes: S51. Collect branch status monitoring data, trigger signals, branch disconnection response data, energy discharge data, protection branch status assessment data, and maintenance and adjustment information; S52. Perform time-dimensional correlation matching on the collected multi-source data to complete the initial data summary processing; remove redundant information and correct abnormal data on the summarized data to generate a standardized summary dataset. S53. Perform in-depth data mining based on standardized aggregated datasets to extract key patterns in the operation of the protection system; S54. Combine key patterns with standardized summary datasets to generate operational status record data for the DC power supply interface protection system.

8. The DC power interface protection design method for preventing short-circuit smoke from protective devices according to claim 7, characterized in that, S52 includes: S521. Extract the timestamp information of each of the multi-source data and generate a multi-source data time attribute label set; perform dimension alignment processing on the multi-source data time attribute label set, unify the feature dimension standard of time, and generate a standardized time attribute label set. S522. Perform feature dimension association matching on the collected multi-source data according to the standardized time attribute label set, establish the time association link between the multi-source data, and generate a multi-source data time association dataset. S523. Based on the multi-source data time-related dataset, perform data feature fusion, integrate the effective feature information of each data, generate a preliminary summary set of multi-source data, and complete the preliminary summary processing of data. S524. Perform a full-dimensional redundancy scan on the preliminary aggregated set of multi-source data, identify and remove duplicate feature data and invalid redundant fields, and generate a redundancy-free aggregated dataset; perform anomaly identification on the redundancy-free aggregated dataset, locate abnormal feature values ​​that deviate from the normal data range, and generate anomaly identification set. S525. Based on the abnormal data identifier set, perform data correction and completion on the redundancy removal summary dataset to restore the true characteristic state of the data and generate a standardized summary dataset.

9. The DC power supply interface protection design method for preventing short-circuit smoke from protective devices according to claim 8, characterized in that, S522 includes: By binding standardized time attribute label sets with features from aggregated multi-source data, labeled multi-source datasets are generated. Perform time feature retrieval on labeled multi-source datasets, extract common time feature information among the data, and generate a time feature matching set; Calculate the feature correlation degree on the time feature matching set, filter out the time feature pairs with high correlation degree, and generate a highly correlated feature set; Based on highly correlated feature sets, a temporal correlation link is built between data to form a temporal correlation topology of multi-source data; based on the temporal correlation topology, labeled multi-source datasets are integrated to generate a multi-source data temporal correlation dataset.

10. The DC power interface protection design method for preventing short-circuit smoke from protective devices according to claim 8, characterized in that, S523 includes: Decompose the feature dimensions of a multi-source data temporal correlation dataset, extract the independent and effective feature information of each data unit, and generate a multi-source data feature split set; The feature dimension of the multi-source data feature split set is merged, and the feature information content of the same dimension is integrated to generate the same dimension feature integration set. The feature information of the same-dimensional feature integration set is verified, and the conflict-free valid feature content is selected to generate a conflict-free feature set; the association information of the conflict-free feature set and the time correlation link of multi-source data is fused to generate the feature fusion intermediate dataset. The intermediate dataset for feature fusion is integrated as a whole, the temporal correlation logic of each feature is sorted out, a preliminary summary set of multi-source data is generated, and the preliminary summary processing of the data is completed.

Images